高考英语专题词汇与阅读训练（DAY 9）

高考英语专题词汇与阅读训练（DAY9）一：专题词汇英译中1.badmintonn．2.endurancen.3.techniquen.4.calorien.5.diagnosevt.&vi.6.dizzyadj.7.musclen.8.desperateadj.9.allergicadj.10.energizevt.二：专题词汇中译英1.vt.&vi.慢跑2.n.生活方式3.vt.&vi.训练4.vt.&vi.(使)精神振作；(使)精力恢复5.n.力量；长处vt.加强6.n.气息；呼吸vi.呼吸adj.气喘吁吁的7.adj.必需的；必要的adv.必然地；必要地8.vt.损害；伤害n.伤害；受伤处9.adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的adj.轻微地温和地10.v&n.锻炼；练习三：专题短语过关1.运动会2.加入排球队3.加入/在校队4.势均力敌的比赛5.对……有益6.打破纪录7.创造新的世界纪录8.纪录保持者9.进行锻炼10.解决；锻炼11.成为国家的骄傲12.有助于13.与……合作14.全力以赴15.状态好16.大获成功17.体育锻炼18.身体发育19.代表20.报名；与…签订合同四：阅读专项训练A

Whatdoyouusuallydowhenaflyinginsectlandsonyourarm?Mostlikelyyoublowitaway.Butwhatifthatbugwerealadybug(瓢虫)?Thenchancesareyouwouldletitstay.Whatisitaboutladybugsthatwelike?Farmersoncethoughtladybugswereagoodlucksign.Aladybuginthefieldmeantthatthecropswouldbesuccessfulandtheweatherwouldbegood.Thefarmersmayhavebeenexaggerating(夸大)aboutwhataverysmallbugcando,butinfactladybugsdohelpoutwiththecrops.Theyeatharmfulinsects.Actually,itisnottheadultladybugthateatstheotherinsects.It’stheladybuglarvae(幼虫).Ladybugslaytheireggsonleavesthatarecoveredwithaphidsorotherinsects.Whenthelarvaecomeoutoftheeggs,theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,andothercrop-destroyers.Asingleladybuglarvacaneatover1,000aphidsinoneday.Inthe1800s,ladybugswerebroughtallthewayfromAustraliatoCaliforniaandsetfreeamongorangetreesthatweredyingfrombeingeatenbyinsects.Thelittleredandblack“eatingmachines”completelysavedallthetrees.Ladybugsgoabouttheirdailybusinesswithoutworryingmuchaboutanything.Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoffsomethingthatisdangeroustoeat.Ladybugsalsoprotectthemselvesbyplayingdead.Theyfalloffleavesandremainverystilluntiltheirenemygoesaway.Sonexttimeyouseealadybug,thinkaboutwhatitmaybeupto.Maybeitisofftosaveanorangetree.Maybeitsnextmovewillbetofalloffaleafandplaydeadorstanduptoabirdabout100timesitssize.Maybeit’slettingyouknowthattheweatherwillbegoodtomorrow.Whoknows?Ladybugsarespecialthatway.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutmitesandaphids?A.Theydoharmtothecrops.B.Theyeatmorethantheyshould.C.Theyarefoodforadultladybugs.D.Theyaretheenemyofladybuglarvae.2.WhywereladybugsbroughtfromAustraliatoCaliforniainthe1800s?A.Tosaveorangetrees.B.Todoresearchonthem.C.Toincreasetheirnumber.D.Toreporttheweatherforfarmers.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“standupto”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Playwith.B.Worryabout.C.Getalongwith.D.Fightbackagainst.BThePharos,thegreatlighthouseofAlexandria,wasoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld.ItstoodontheislandofPharos,intheharborofthecityofAlexandria.In290B.C,PtolemyISoter,therulerofEgypt,orderedthebuildingofthelighthouse.Twentyyearslater,itwasfinished—thefirstlighthouseintheworldandthetallestbuildingonEarth,besidestheGreatPyramidofEgypt.ThePharoswasdesignedbySostrates,aGreekarchitect.Sostrateswantedtoleavehisnameonthebaseofthelighthouse.ButPtolemyrefused,orderingthatonlyhisownnameappearonthebuilding.ButSostratesfoundawaytodothat.AtthebaseofthePharos,Sostratesleftamessagecontaininghisownname.Thenhecovereditwithplaster(建筑石膏)andleftPtolemy’snameoverit.Aftermanyyears,theplasterdisappearedandpeopleknewthetruearchitectofthelighthouse.In1302and1323,twostrongearthquakeshitAlexandria,damagingthelighthouse.In1326,itfinallyfellintothesea.MuchofwhatweknowaboutthelighthousecomesfromthewritingsofArabswhooncevisitedthePharos.ThePharoswasabout384feettall,thesameheightasamodern40-storybuilding.AtthetopofthelighthousestoodalargestatueofPoseidon,theGreekgodofthesea.Underitwasabeacon,thesourceoflightforthelighthouse.ThePharosusedtwokindsofbeacons.Atnight,alargefirecreatedthelight.Duringtheday,ahugemirrormadeuseofthesunlighttocreatethelight.Itwassaidthatthemirrorwasalsousedtosetenemyshipsonfireastheyenteredtheharborbydirectingthesun’srays(sunlight)atthem.Whiletheideaisinteresting,itisalsoclearlyimpossible.1.WhydidSostratesuseplasteratthebaseofthePharos?A.TofollowPtolemy’sorders.B.Tohidehisnameleftonthebase.C.Toprotectthebasefromdamage.D.Tomakethelighthousemorebeautiful.2.HowlonghadthePharosstayedstanding?A.Forabout800years.B.Forabout1,000years.C.Forabout1,600years.D.Forabout2,000years.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Thestatue.B.Alargefire.C.Ahugemirror.D.Thelighthouse.二、七选五Decidingwhetherornottotakepartinanextracurricular(课外的)activitycanbeachallenge.Beforesigninguptoplayonthevolleyballteam,firstconsidertheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofsuchadecision.1Studentsaresuccessfulwhentheytakepartinmanyactivities.Theydowellintheirclassesandfeelmoreconnectedtoschool.Researchshowsthatstudentsinextracurricularactivitieshavebetterattendanceandgrades.

Extracurricularactivitiesalsohelpstudentsmakenewfriendsandlastingrelationships.2Eventhoughwebecamefriendsalongtimeago,wearestillclosetoday.

Whiletheseactivitieshavemanyadvantages,studentsshouldconsiderthedownsideaswell.3Extracurricularactivitiescanbetoomuchforstudentswhodonotpracticegoodtimemanagement.Studentsneedtobegoodatmanagingtheirtimebetweendifferentactivities.

Anotherdownsidetoextracurricularactivitiesinvolvestransportation.4Thissituationlimitsstudents’extracurricularchoicestothoseoutsidetheschoolandclosertohome.Afewofmyclassmatesjoinedtheschool’sculturalclub.Theylaterdiscoveredthatitmetafterschool.Thesestudentsdroppedoutoftheclubbecausetheyhadtocatchtheirbuses.

Onlyyoucandecideifextracurricularactivitiesarerightforyou.Activitiesoutsidetheschoolcanhelpyousucceedinmanyareasofyourlife.5Areyouupforachallenge?

A.Wewerebothintheeight-and-underagegroup.B.Someclubsorsportsmeetbeforeorafterschool.C.Onedownsideisthatitcancreateabusylifeforstudents.D.Manystudentsaretiredfromallthethingstheyhavetodo.E.Takingpartinextracurricularactivitieshasmanyadvantages.F.ImetmybestfriendwhenwewereontheYMCAswimteam.G.However,youneedgoodtimemanagementskillstodealwithabusylife.三、语法填空Thejaguar(美洲豹)isthelargestcatintheAmericas.Ahundredyearsago,jaguars1.(find)everywherefromthesouthwesternUnitedStatestoArgentina,inSouthAmerica.Today,jaguarsareanendangeredspeciesthroughouttheir2.(nature)habitatandhavebeenlostfrom50percentoftheirterritory.Todaytheylive3.(most)intheAmazonrainforest.Andjaguarsaren’ttheonlyanimalslosingtheirhomes—according4.theInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,habitatloss5.(be)themainthreattoabout85percentofallendangeredplantandanimalspecies.

Tropicalrainforestscoveronlyabout7percentofEarth’sland,butthey’rehometoabouthalfofallknownplantandanimalspecies.Most6.(scientist)agreethatabout80,000acres(anacreisequalto4,047squaremetres)disappeareverydaywhentreesarecutdownandlandisclearedforfarms.Treesalsoplay7.importantroleinclimatechange.Fewerforestsmeanthatmoregreenhousegasesremain8.(trap)intheatmosphere,themixtureofgasesthatsurroundstheEarth.

Grasslands,underwaterhabitats,andwetlandsarealsoatrisk.Forexample,theWorldWildlifeFundreportsthatabouthalfoftheworld’swetlands9.(disappear)sinceahundredyearsagoasaresultofbeingdrained(排水)foreitherfarmland10.otherindustries.Thatmeanslessspaceforanimalstofeedandraisetheiryoung.

参考答案一：专题词汇英译中1.羽毛球2.耐力3.技术；手法4.卡路里；热量5.诊断6.头晕目眩的7.肌肉8.绝望的9.过敏的10.使精力充沛二：专题词汇中译英1.dmildly10.exercise三：专题短语过关1.sportsmeet/meeting2.joinavolleyballteam3.beon/eratewith14.goallout15.ingoodform16.makeahit17.physicalexercise18.physicaldevelopment19.standfor20.signup四：阅读专项训练A1.A由第三段中的“theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,andothercrop-destroyers”可知,这些都是对庄稼有害的虫子。2.A由第四段中的“ladybugswerebrought...setfreeamongorangetreesthatweredyingfrombeingeatenbyinsects”可知,19世纪瓢虫被从澳大利亚引进到美国加利福尼亚州是为了挽救被害虫侵害的橘子树。3.D由倒数第二段中的“Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoffsomethingthatisdangeroustoeat.”可知,很少有鸟或昆虫吃瓢虫。再由画线部分后的“abirdabout100timesitssize”可知,当遇见比它大的鸟时,瓢虫会释放某种物质从而对鸟造成威胁。故此处的standupto有“回击,抵御”之意。B1.B由第二段中的“Sostratesleftamessagecontaininghisownname.ThenhecovereditwithplasterandleftPtolemy’snameoverit”可知,Sostrates是亚历山大灯塔的设计者,他在底座使用建筑石膏是为了隐藏他的名字。2.C由第一段中的“In290B.C,PtolemyISoter,therulerofEgypt,orderedthebuildingofthelighthouse.Twentyyearslater,itwasfinished”可知,亚历山大灯塔于公元前270年建成;再由第三段中的“In1326,itfinallyfellintothesea”可知,它大约存在了1600年。