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word文档可自由复制编辑ContributionsofForeignTradetoChina'sEconomicGrowth--Especiallyafter2000[Abstract]Asisknowntoall,in1978,Chinaenteredthenewperiodofreformandopening-up.Sparingnoefforttodevelopforeigntradebecameanimportantchanneltoacceleratemodernization,shakeoffbackwardness,boosttheeconomicdevelopment,andimprovecomprehensivenationalstrength,especiallyafter2000.Andforeigntradecanbedividedintothreeforms:exporttrade,importtrade,andtransittrade.Theobjectiveofthispaperistodemonstrateandanalyzethecontributionsthattheforeigntrade,threemodesoftrading,madetoChina‘seconomicgrowth.Finally,wecometoaconclusion:foreigntrademakesswingeingcontributionstoChina’seconomy.Keywords:economicgrowth,exporttrade,importtrade,andtransittradeIntroductionThereisnodenyingthat,inthelastfewdecades,bigasourcountrywas,thefinancialsituationwasbynomeanssatisfactory.However,Sincethebeginningoftheopeninguppolicy,China'sforeigntradehasdevelopedfasterthanthegrossdomesticproduct(GDP),becomingadrivingforceforthenationaleconomy.From1980to2000,thetotalvolumeofforeigntradeincreasedfrom$38100000000to$474300000000.That’sa11.4-foldincrease,andtheaverageannualgrowthis13.4%.Therefore,it’sasplainasdaylightthattheforeigntradegreatlyboostournationaleconomicgrowth,butourtrueunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenforeigntradeandeconomicgrowthinChinaplaysavitalroleincontinuingdevelopingforeigntradeandimprovingourcountry’seconomicgrowthrate.Allinall,demonstrateandanalyzecontributionsofforeigntradetoChina'seconomicgrowthissignificantandvaluable.AffectsofthreemodesoftradesFromtheangleofthecargomovement,theforeigntradeismadeupofthreeforms:exporttrade,importtrade,andtransittrade.Thereisnodenyingthatthreemodesoftradesarenevercompletelyindependentandautonomousactivities,instead,theyarecloselyrelated.2.1ExporttradeExporttrademeansshippingtheproductsproducedorprocessedinteriorlytoforeignmarkettosell.Throughtheexport,foreigntradecanprovidenewopportunitiesfortheexcessdomesticproductioncapacity.Theexpansionofexportsmakesasignificantcontributiontotheincreaseofthenationalincomes.Asapartofthetotaldemand,theincreaseoftheexportsdirectlydrivethegrowthofGDP,aswellastheconsumption.investment,governmentexpenditureandimports.Meanwhile,exportindirectlystimulateeconomicgrowth.Thekeytodevelopacountry’sforeigntradeistheexpansionofitsexport.Withoutexport,therecanbenoguaranteeofrealizingitsimportplan.Therefore,exporttradeisvirtuallythefoundationofChina’sforeigntrade.Onlybyexporting,canChinaobtainadequateforeignexchangetopurchasethenecessaryrawmaterials,advancedtechnologyandbadlyneededequipmentforthemodernizationprograms.Specificdataispresentedintable1:Table1:ExportandthedevelopmentofeconomyTimeGDP/billionyuanExportvolume/billiondollarsGDPgrowthrateContributingratioofexporttrade199121781.5719.19.227.40199226923.5849.414.216.92199335333.5917.413.57.61199448197.91210.112.642.37199560793.71487.810.517.32199671176.61510.59.61.32199778973.01827.98.839.29199884402.31837.17.81.83199989677.11949.37.124.94200099214.62492.08.060.692001109655.22661.07.321.472002120322.73255.76.719.222003135822.84383.77.423.12004159878.35933.67.952.122005183867.97626.08.019.432006209406.89690.77.220.86(staticscomefrom2013ChinaYearBook)Asisknowntoall,foreigntradeisanindispensableelementtoanycountry’seconomy.ButtherearemanyreasonswhyacountryespeciallyadevelopingonelikeChinashalltrytoexpandtheexports.Thereasonsarelistedbelow:2.11IncreasescaleofproductionByexporting,industriescanincreasethescaleoftheirproductionthusincreasingefficiencyandloweringcosts,CasesinpointarethetextileindustryandgarmentindustryinShanghaiandGuangzhou.Anothercaseinpointisthemanufacturingindustry,suchastirestoysandmachinecomponentsmightnothavebeendevelopedtosuchalargescaleifitwerenotforexport.2.12PromoteeconomicgrowthDevelopmentofexportindustryhelpscreatenewemploymentandstimulateeconomicgrowth.TheproperexampleisthemotorcorporationsinChina.Inrecent10years,theyhavemaderemarkablecontributionstosupplymoreandmoregoodswithhighqualityforexport.2.13DrivetechnologicaladvanceCompetitionininternationalmarketsprovokesexporterstoacclimatizetheirproductstotheneedsofthemarket,whichmainlyhappenedinhigh-techworld.HereisafamousexampleonAppleInn.Itresearchedanddevelopedthetouchscreenmobilephone,whichcausesanewrevolutionincommunicationindustryandpromotetechnologicalprogress.2.2ImportTradeImporttrademeansshippingtheproductsproducedorprocessedinforeignmarkettoourdomesticmarkettosell.Importcanacceleratethedevelopmentandproductionofitsnewproducts.ButthereareotherreasonswhyacountryespeciallyadevelopingonelikeChinashouldtrytoexpandtheimports.Thereasonsarelistedbelow:2.21Solvethesupplybottleneckofresource,technologyWiththerapideconomicgrowthinChina,domesticinvestmentandconsumerdemandhavebeyondthecurrentdomesticproductivity.Worsestill,thecurrentproductionandsupplyareunabletomeetthedemandofadvancedtechnology,whichhasresultedinsupplybottleneck.Inallwalksoflife,especiallyinhigh-techfield,onlybyimportingthesourcesthatthedomesticmarketsareshortof,canthesupplybottlenecksolved.ImportingkeyequipmentandadvancedtechnologyisamajorwayofmakingthetransformationfromtheclosedeconomytotheopenoneandenhancingasteadyandconstanteconomicgrowthinChina.Forexample,since1980s,theindustrialmaterialsChinaimportedeveryyearhasbeentaking40%to50%ofthetotalimports.Fortunately,Theimportoflargevolumeofrawmaterialsandresourceshaseasedthepressureofdomesticlimitedresourcesandcompensateddomesticsupplyshortfall,thuscontributingtotherapideconomicdevelopmentinChina.2.22RaiseproductivityImportingadvancedtechnologyandequipment,canimprovethetechnicallevelofvariousproductiondepartmentsinChinaandshortentechnologygapwithdevelopedcountries;Whatismore,introductionofscientificmanagement,willmakethedomesticdivisionoflaborfurtherintegrationwiththeworld,Improvedstructureandfurtherimprovetheproductivity.2.23EasetradefrictionsItiswellacknowledgedthattradesurplusforalongtimeleadstotheconstantfrictionbetweenChinaandAmerica.Inordertoeasetradefrictions,ourcountryhavetoincreaseimportbecausethereisnowayout.Afactualbasisisthat,BoXilai,China’sCommerceMinistertellsthereportersonthetwosessionsthatweneverpursuetradesurplusblindly,andChinaisencouragingimportpolicy.2.24OtheraspectsInaddition,moreimportmeansmoredemandforforeignexchange,whichisfavorabletoexport.Also,importissupportiveofexpandingforeigndemand.2.3TransittradeThetransittradereferstothat,intheinternationaltrade,theimportandexportofthecargoesarenotoperatedbetweentheproducerandconsumercountriesdirectly,buttomanipulatedbythirdcountries.Throughthetransittrade,Chinacangetconsiderableprofitsandotherrevenuesfromrewarehousing,transportation,loadingandunloading,taxes.Itcanalsopromotethedevelopmentofthelocalfinance,transportation,telecommunicationsandotherindustries.ConclusionAsisknowntoall,foreigntradeplaysanextremelyimportantroleinpromotingChina’seconomicgrowth.Inaddition,theenhancementoftheexporttradedoes