中考英语重难点突破专题 八下Units 3-4

PAGE八年级(下)Units3—4could(八下Unit3P20)【举例透析】①—Couldyouplaythepianowhenyouwere5yearsold？你5岁的时候就会弹钢琴了吗？—Yes,Icould./No,Icouldn't.是的,我会。/不,我不会。(could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力。)②—Couldyoucomeheresoon？你能快点来这里吗？—Sure.当然。—Couldyoupleasenotclosethedoor？你可以不关门吗？—I'msorry.Ihaveto.对不起,我不得不(关门)。(could表示礼貌的请求。句型：Couldyou…？Couldyouplease…？＝Willyouplease…？否定：Couldyoupleasenotdosth.？)③—CouldIuseyourbicycle？我可以用你的自行车吗？—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.是的,当然可以。注意：用CouldI…？表示请求对方准许时,对方回答不能用could,而要用can。对于这种请求的肯定和否定回答的常用语：肯定：Certainly./Ofcourse./Withpleasure./Noproblem.否定：Certainlynot./No,I'mafraidnot.(C)1.—Couldyouplease______mewhentheWorldCupends?—Sorry,Idon'tknow______aboutit.A.tell；somethingB.nottell；nothingC.tell；anythingD.nottell;something(D)2.—CouldIwatchTV?—No,you______.You______finishyourhomeworkfirst.A.couldn'tcanB.can't；canC.couldn't；mustD.can't；mustneither(八下Unit3P19)【举例透析】①ShedidnotdoanyhomeworkandneitherdidI.她一点作业都没有做,我也没有。—Hecan'tswim.他不会游泳。—NeithercanI.我也不会。—Theydon'tlikeit.他们不喜欢它。—Neitherdoeshe.他也不喜欢。—I'mnottired.我不累。—NeitheramI.我也不累。(neither＋情态动词/be动词/助动词＋主语,是常见的倒装句型,表示“后者也不”。)②Neitheransweriscorrect.两个答案都不对。(neither可作形容词,表示“两者都不”,放在单数名词前。)③Neitherofthemhas/haveacar.他们两个人都没有车。(neither可作代词,常与of连用,表示“两者都不。”)④NeithermyfathernorIaminterestedinthefilm.我父亲和我都对这部电影不感兴趣。(neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……”；连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。)(D)1.(达州中考)—Whydon'tyougetusedtothelifeinBeijing?—______thecrowdedtraffic______thehighlivingcost.Theonlyreasonisthebadlypollutedair.A.Notonly；butalsoB.Either；orC.Both；andD.Neither；nor(C)2.Neitherofmyfriends______inYibin.A.livingB.toliveC.livesD.arelived辨析borrow与lend(八下Unit3P20)【举例透析】①Jackborrowedlotsofmoneyfromhisfriends,butheneverpaiditback.杰克从他朋友那里借了很多钱,但是他从来没有还过钱。(borrow作动词,意为“借”,用法：borrow…from…向……借……,表示借入。)②IlentthatbooktoLucyyesterday.＝IlentLucythatbookyesterday.我昨天把书借给露西了。(lend作动词,意为“借给；给予”,过去式lent,过去分词lent；用法：lendsb.sth.＝lendsth.tosb.,表示借出。)(B)—I______aninterestingbookfrommyclassmate.—Couldyouplease______ittome?A.borrowed；lendB.borrow；lentC.lend；borrowD.lend；borrowedinorderto(八下Unit3P22)【举例透析】①Inordertofinishwritinghisnewbookontime,heoftenstayeduplatelastyear.为了按时写完他的新书,去年他经常熬夜到很晚。②Inordernottomakeadifferencetohisownhealth,hekeepsonrunningeverymorning.为了不影响他自己的健康,他坚持每天早晨跑步。(inordertodosth.表示“为了”,可用于句首或句中。否定结构为：inordernottodosth.)HekeepswritingEnglishdiaries__in____order____to__(为了)learnEnglishwell.allow(八下Unit4P25)【举例透析】①Myparentsdon'tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.我父母不允许我和朋友闲逛。(allow作动词,意为“同意；允许”,用法：allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事)②Iamnotallowedtostayoutpastten.我不被允许在外面待到十点以后。(be(not)allowedtodosth.(不)被允许做某事)(A)(孝感中考)Attention,please!Withoutpermission,childrenarenotallowed______alonehere.A.toswimB.swimmingC.swimD.swaminstead(八下Unit4P27)【举例透析】①Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.相反,他看他想看的任何东西一直到晚上很晚。Heistired.Letmedoitinstead.他累了,让我来代替他做。(instead作副词,意为“代替；然而；相反”。位于句首或句末。)②Iwalkedtoschoolthismorninginsteadoftakingthebus.我走路到学校代替乘公共汽车。Icameinsteadofmybrother.我代替我哥哥来的。Whowouldliketosolvethisprobleminsteadofhim？你想让谁来代替他解决这个问题？(insteadof介词短语,意为“代替；而不是”。后面接名词,代词,v.­ing；位于句中。)(C)1.It'srainingnow.IwouldliketowatchTVathomeinsteadof______socceroutside.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.played(A)2.(安徽中考改编)—MayIuseyourcomputer,Mr.Black?—Goahead.IwillusemyiPad______.A.insteadB.althoughC.sinceD.for辨析offer与provide(八下Unit4P27)【举例透析】①Thelittleboyofferedhisseattoanoldwomanonthebus.＝Thelittleboyofferedanoldwomanhisseatonthebus.那个小男孩把他的位置让给了一位老妇人。(offer作动词,意为“提供”；用法：offersb.sth.＝offersth.__to__sb.为某人提供某物②Heofferstohelpmewithmyhomework.他帮助我做家庭作业。(offerto__dosth.主动做某事)③Theschoolprovidedfoodforthestudents.＝Theschoolprovidedthestudentswithfood.这所学校为学生提供食物。(provide作动词,意为“提供”,出于某种责任和义务为某人提供某物；用法：providesb.withsth.＝providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物)(D)Itisnottheparents'jobtoprovideyou______helpallthetime.Youkidsalsoneedtoofferhelp______themsometimes.A.to；withB.for；toC.with；withD.with；toreturn(八下Unit4P28)【举例透析】①Shewillreturnmethebooktomorrow.＝Shewillreturnthebooktometomorrow.她明天将把书还给我。(return作动词,意为“归还；回”,用法：returnsb.sth.＝returnsth.tosb.还给某人某物)②Wereturnedtoschoolatfive.＝Wewentbacktoschoolatfive.我们五点返回学校。(returnto＝go/comebackto,因此不再与back连用。)1.你必须将书按时还给图书馆。Youmust__return__thebooks__to__thelibraryontime.(B)2.—Whendidyou______toschoolyesterday?—Intheafternoon.A.returnbackB.returnC.returnedD.returnedback高频话题写作指导烦恼与建议◆话题解读中学生处于特殊的成长时期,既没有完全脱离家庭的影响,又逐步形成了自己独特的人生观、世界观和价值观。所以,很多中学生都在学习或生活上存在一定的烦恼,如学习效率的提升、与家人及朋友相处等方面。另外,就一些具体的事例、朋友的烦恼等提出自己的意见或建议,也在生活中非常常见,所以这个话题的写作非常贴近中学生的日常生活,也是中考作文容易考到的一个话题(2018年内蒙古呼和浩特,2018年广西,2017年浙江宁波)。写作形式往往以书信或电子邮件为主。◆写作素材包常用作文开头语：1.MynameisMary.IamamiddleschoolstudentfromNo.15MiddleSchool.(自我介绍)【试一试】今天我将把我的好朋友介绍给大家认识。__Today__I'll__introduce__my__good__friend__to__all__of__you.__2.Ihavesomethingannoyingtotellyouandhopetogetsomehelp.(havesth.todo有某事要做)【试一试】我有一些麻烦事要解决。__I__have__some__trouble__to__solve.__3.I'dliketohearfromyouaboutsomeofmytrouble.(hearfrom收到某人来信)【试一试】昨天我收到了我叔叔的信。__I__heard__from__my__uncle__yesterday.__常用作文中间语：1.Idon'tthinkmyfriendsarefriendlytome.(Idon'tthink＋从句,我认为……不怎么样)【试一试】我认为我不会去参加那个舞蹈俱乐部。__I__don't__think__I__will__join__the__dancing__club.__2.WhenIwanttoaskthemquestionsonmath,theyoftensaytheycan'tdoit,either.3.Myparentsdon'tseemtocareaboutme.(careabout关心)【试一试】关心老人是我们的责任。__It__is__our__duty__to__care__about__the__old.__4.Mycousintookmyschoolthingswithoutmypermissionanddidn'treturnthem.5.Itmademeveryangry.6.Weoftenfightwitheachotherforsomethingmeaningless.7.Idon'tknowwhattodo.常用作文结束语：1.Couldyoupleasegivemesomeadvice?2.Wouldyouhelpmetosolvethismess?3.Canyoutellmethewaytogetridofmytrouble?◆典例剖析(原创题)小军是一名中学生。最近他非常沮丧,因为他认为他的父母对他学习上要求过于严格。假如你是小军,请写一封信给老师Mr.Wang述说你的烦恼。要点：1.最近很不开心；2.父母对自己很严格,成绩好就满意,成绩不理想就对自己非常担忧,给自己很大的压力；3.希望得到老师的帮助。要求：词数90词左右。语意通顺,意思连贯,注意书信格式。【审题指导】这是一篇书信形式的作文。写作时必须包含要求中提到的三点,可适当发挥。全文在写作时以一般现在时结合一般过去时为主,以第一人称的口吻进行叙述。【写作导图】【参考范文】DearMr.Wang,I'mXiaojun,oneofyourstudents.Iamveryupsetthesedays.Myparentsareusuallyquitestrictwithme.WhenIgetgoodgrades,weareallhappy.Butlastweek,Ifailedmymathexam,andmyparentsweresoworriedthattheworldseemedtobeitsend.Theygivemetoomuchpressureonmystudy.Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.Canyougivemesomesuggestions?Thankyouverymuch.Yours,Xiaojun【名师点评】本文的亮点之处有：1.格式正确；2.用语准确生动,使用了短语bestrictwithsb.;seemtodo;so…that…句型以及when引导的状语从句；3.叙事清楚,要点全面覆盖,并有一定的拓展。◆模拟写作(预测)某校心理辅导老师Mr.Wang收到一封来自学生小军的来信。在信中小军倾诉了自己的烦恼。请根据所给信息,给小军写一封回信。要点：1.感谢小军的来信和信任；2.继续努力学习、保持与父母的沟通；3.进行一定的身体锻炼,保持良好的心态。要求：1.90词左右；2.可适当拓展；3.内容完整,语言流畅；4.所给的开头和结尾不计入总词数。DearXiaojun