常见的考研英语同义词组

考研常见的英语同义词组

在学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。

语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分；

语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分；

文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。下面是笔者整理的50组同义词。

1.路2.时代3.战斗4.牧师5.服装6.哭7.美丽,漂亮8.拉,拖9.旋转10.生气,气愤11.错误12.图画13.特别的14.取消,消灭15.破碎16.环境,形势17.著名的18.强盗19.摇动,颤动20.说话,谈话21.事情,事件22.承认23.走路24.跳25.特点,特征

1.路

way:Whereverthereisroomforanobjecttoproceed,thereisaway.

road:Aroadisapreparedwayfortravelingwithhorsesorvehicles.

path:Awaysuitabletobetraveledonlybyfootpassengersorbyanimals.

route:Arouteisalineoftravel,andmaybeovermanyroads.

street:Astreetisinsomecentreofhabitation,asacitytownorvillage,whenitpassesbetweenhousesofdwellings.

avenue:Aavenueisalong,broadandimposing(壮严)orprincipalstreet.

2.时代(期)(时期)

period:Itindicatesanypassageoftime,greatorsmall./anextentoftimeofanylength.

(时代)

time(s):Itreferstoaperiodinhistory.inancienttimes/inVictoriatime(新时代)

epoch:Itindicatesalongperiodoftimemarkedbyeventsordevelopmentofaparticularkind.

Thefirstflightintospacemarkedanewepochinthehistoryofmankind.

(纪元)

era:Itreferstoaverylongperiodoftimemarkedbyaparticularfeatureinagreatneweraofworldrevolution

(时期)

age:Itshowsaparticular/afairlydefiniteperiodinhistory.theBronzeAge,IronAge

3.战斗(打仗)

fight:Itisabodilystruggle(奋斗斗争)

struggle:Aneffortofanykindtoovercomedifficulty.

(战斗)battle:Afightbetweenarmedforces.

(战役)campaign:Aseriesofrelatedmilitaryoperationsinawar.

(战争)war:Aperiodoffightbetweencountriesorstateswhen

weaponsareusedandmanypeoplearekilled.

(对抗)combat:Afight,conflict,controversy.

4.牧师(教士牧师)

priest:Aperson,esp.amanspeciallytrainedforvariousreligiousdutiesandceremonies,inthe

Christianchurch,heRomanCatholicchurch

(牧师)minister:Amemberofclergy,esp.Protestantchurches.

(牧师)clergy(pl):Theofficiallyappointedleaderofthereligious

activitiesofaparticularchurchortemple.

clergyman:clergymen(pl)amemberofclergy.

(牧师)pastor:AChristianreligiousleaderinchargeofachurch

anditsmembers,esp.inaProtestantchurch.

(教区牧师)vicar:Apriestinchargeofanarea(parish)inthechurchofEngland.

father:Alittleofrespectforapriest,heRomanCatholic.

5.服装

clothing(collect):(fml)Generaltermofclothes.

clothes(nosingle):Coveringsofthebodysuchascoats,

dresses,suits,shoes,hats.

garment(fl):Asuitofclothesusedbyactors./asinglearticleofclothing.

costume:1)Thefashionofdresspeculiartoapeople,

nation,class,period,etc.

2)Adresswornbyactorsinaplay.uniform:wornbyallmembersofthecommunity.

dress:1)Akindofoutergarmentwornbywomen(连衣裙).

2)wornonspecialoccasions(礼服)eveningdress/morningdress

suit:Asetofouterclothestobeworntogether.eveningsuit/swimmingsuit

coat:Agarmentwithsleeveswornontopofotherclothesfromrain,heat,etc.

overcoat:Awarncoatworninthestreet.

6.哭

cry:Themostgeneralone.

(哭泣)weep:Toletflowtears.

(抽泣抽嗒)sob:Toweeporsighwithshortquickbreaths.

(哭天抹泪涕泪交流)snivel:Tosniffleandcryinairritatingmanner.

(哭嚎又哭又闹)blubber:Tocryloudlynoisily.

(发出低声报怨声)whine:Tomakealowcomplainingcry.

(嚎哭)bawl:Toutterloudcries(alwaysinbadsense).

(痛哭)wail:Tocryaloudfrompainorsorrow.

(呻吟)moan:Tomakealow,miserablesoundinpainorsorrow.

(呻吟)grown:Tomakealowsoundofpain,unhappinessordisapproval

(哀悼)mourn:Tofeelorshowsadnessorsorrowforsomeonewhohasdied.

(哀悼)lament:Toexpressgreatsorroworregret.

7.美丽漂亮

good-looking:Havinganattractiveappearanceinastrong,healthywayusedformenandwomennotthings.

beautiful:(awomanorathing)Suggestingsymmetryoffeaturesorperfectionofproportion,eleganceandmobility.beautifulflowers,abeautifulgirl/voice/city/facebeautifulweather.

handsome:Ofattractiveappearanceappliestomen.ahandsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/youngman.

pretty:(agirl,orasmallthing)Suggestinglivelinessandsweetness,pleasingornicetolookat.aprettylittlewoman/garden,aprettygirl/picture/pieceofmusic,

lovely:(something)Sobeautifulthatitmakesyoufeelgoodtolookatitoreventothinkaboutit.Thegardenlookslovely.

fair:Beautiful(ofwomaninpoet)lightincoloresp.,skinhair.

gorgeous:(personsorthings)(inf)Extremelybeautifulorhandsome.

8.拉拖

pull:Themostgeneralone.

draw:Itimpliesasmoother,steadiermotionandgenerallyalighterforcethanpull.

drag:Itusuallyreferstohorizontalmotionormotionupanincline(slope)anditsuggestslaboriouseffortsoverroughgroundoragainstfriction,resistanceorgravity.

Theescapedprisonerwasdraggedoutofhishidingplace.

haul:Itimpliescontinuouspullingordraggingofheavyorbulkyobjects.

Thefishermanishaulinganet.

tug:Itappliestohardoftensuddenviolentefforttopull.

Hetuggedatmysleevetoaskdirections.

jerk:Topullsuddenly.

Hejerkedouttheknifethatwasstuckinthewound.

tow:Topullbyaropeorchain.Wetowedthecartothenearestgarage.

wrench:Topullhardwithatwistingorturningmovement.

9.旋转

turn:Themostgeneralone.

(自转)spin:Toturnquicklyaroundacentralpoint.

Itemphasizesthecontinuityoftheaction,andusuallythenarrowextentofthecircularmotion.

Thewheelisspinningonitsaxis.

(急转)whirl:Toroundveryfast.

Itimpliesthelockofconsciouscontrol.

Theleaveswhirlinthewindintheyard.

(转动)rotate:Toturnroundafixedpointwithacircularmovement.

Theearthrotatesonceevery24hours.

(绕转)revolve:Toturnormoveinacirclearoundacentralpoint.

Itindicatescircularorelliptical(椭圆)movement.

Theplanetsrevolvearoundthesun.

10.生气气愤

anger:Themostgeneralone.

(易怒)becross:Feelingeasytogetangry.

(愤慨)indignation:(fml)Anger.

Itstressesrighteousangeratwhatoneconsidersunfair,meanorshameful.

Weexpressedourindignationattheruthlessexploitation.

(愤怒)wrath:Verytreatanger.(literary)

Itsuggestsadesireonintenttorevengeorpunish.

(狂怒)rage:Wild,violentanger.

Itsuggestslossofself-controlfromviolenceofemotion.inarage/tofallintoarage.

(暴怒)fury:Violent,extremeanddestructiveanger.

Sheflewintoafury.

11.错误

(误会)mistake:Awrongthought,act.

Itimpliescarelessness

Anyonecanmakeamistake.

(过错弱点)fault:Abadpoint,butnotofaseriousmoralkind.Itreferstobehaviorandcharacter.Hisonlyfaultisthathelacksambition.

findfaultwithsb/atfaultshortcoming:Weakness,failing

Itreferstofailuresordeficienciesinthingsaswellaspeople.

InspiteofallhershortcomingsIstillthinkshe'soneofthebestteachersintheschool.

(疏忽)error:Amistake(formalsometimesliterary)

Itimpliesdeviationfromastandardormodel

Theaccidentwascausedbyhumanerror.

(缺点毛病)defect:sthlackingorimperfect.

Itreferstoquality.

Theradiowasreturnedbecauseofadefect.

(失误过失)blunder:Averystupidorunnecessarymistake.

Itimpliesignorance.

Thisisthefatalblunderofhislife.

12.图画

picture:Themostgeneralone.

(彩图)painting:pictureswithcolor.

(绘画图画)drawing:Apicturemadewithapen,pencilandcrayon.Sketch,diagramsandgraphsarealldrawings.

(草图)sketch:Aroughnotdetaileddrawing.

(图解图表)diagram:Adrawing,figurethatshowsthearrangementofsomething.

(曲线图)graph:Adiagraminwhichastraightline,curved,orzigzaglineshowshowtwosetsofnumbersormeasurementsarerelated.

(插图)illustration:Apicturetogowithwordsofabook.

(图样草图)draft:Thefirstroughwrittenformofanything.

(平面图)plan:Alinedrawingofabuildingasitmightbeenseenfromabove.

(主视图)elevation:Aflatuprightsideofabuilding.

(海图)chart:Amapesp.adetailedmapofaseaarea.

13.特别

(专门的,与众不同的)special:Differentinsomewayfromwhatiscommon,ordinary,orusual.

Itstresseshavingaquality,character,identity,oruseofitsown.

Thetubecontainsspecialgases.

(特别的)especial:(fml)Toanusuallygreatdegree,exceptional

Itemphasizestheimportanceofthethingsorthepersonsmentioned

Thisisamatterofespecialimportance.

(各别的)particular:Relatingorbelongingtoonlyonethingorperson.

Itstressesthedistinctnessofsomethingasanindividualwhichisworthnotice.Inthatparticularcase,theruledoesn'thold.(适用)

(特种的)specific:Detailedandexact,clearinmeaningandexplanation,

fixed,determined.(usedinscientificarticles)

Itimpliesaqualityorcharacterdistinguishingakindoraspecies.

Hegavemeaveryspecificinstruction.Thereisaspecifictoolforeachjob.

(独特的)peculiar:Strangeorperhapsunpleasant.

Itimpliesstrangeness.Hehasapeculiarwayofspeaking.

14.取消消灭

(取消解除)cancel:Togiveup,todeclaresomethingistobeeffective.

Hehascancelledhisleaveofabsence.(消假)

(废除废止)abolish:Todoawaywith.Itreferstopractices,socialinstitutions.Badcustomsshouldbeabolished.

(消灭排除)eliminate:Togetridof.

Weshouldeliminatethefalseandretainthetrue.

(撤消废除)repeal:Tobringtoanendoftheeffectofalaworanorder.Somelawsshouldberepealed.

(根除消灭)exterminate:Todestroycompletelyandwholly.

Colonialismmustbeexterminated.

15.破碎

break:Themostgeneralone.

(压碎压破)crush:Topresstogetherviolentlyastobreak,todestroyitsshapebysqueezingit.Itsuggeststheeffectofgreatexternalpressure.

Thetreefellontopofthecarandcrushedit.

(打碎)smash:Tobreakthoroughlytopieceswithacrushingsound.

Shedroppedtheplateandsmashedit.

(打裂)crack:Tobreakwithoutseparationofparts.

Itsuggeststhebreakingoutacrossasurface.

Hecrackedthewindowbyleaningagainstit.

(破裂)

burst:Tobreakopenbypressurefromwithin.

Thefireworksburstwhiletheywereintheair.

(砸碎破碎)shatter:Tobreakintopieces.

Itsuggeststhebreakingupofathinsurface.

Theglasswasshatteredtopieces.

(撞坏)crash:Torefertothevehiclewhichhitssomethingandisbadly

damaged.

16.环境形势

(环境形势)conditions:Thelocationandotherfactorslikelyto

affectit.Itsuggestssomethingthathasstayedthesamefor

sometimeandwhichaffectsdailylifesuchasfood,work,andhouses.

Wearenowstudyingtheeconomicconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.

(形势)situation:Apositionorstateataparticulartime,setofconditions,facts,andeventshavingan

effectonaperson,society,etc.

Itsuggestsmoregeneralmatterssuchasgovernmentplanningandfinance.

Thepoliticalsituationinthesecountriesarealwayschanging.

(环境周围外界)environment:Thecircumstances,thingsandconditionsthatinfluenceyou.Itreferstospiritaspect,physicalaspectand

materialaspect.Wemusttrytobeautifyourenvironment.

(形势情况)circumstance(s):Asituationoreventaroundus,acertain

kindofatmosphere,theconditionsthataffect

whathappens.in(under)thecircumstances

(环境周围事物)surrounding(s):Theareaandenvironmentaroundaplaceor

person.Itindicatesaverynarrowcondition,"physically"sometimesreflectsspiritualaspect.

Theylivedinhostilesurroundings.

17.著名的

well-known:(infl)

famous:Themostgeneralone.widelyknownorhonored.

(杰出的知名的)distinguished:Great,outstandingmarkedbyexcellentqualityordeservedfame,usedespeciallyofpeoplewhoarefamousforseriousworkinscience,theartsetc.

Hewasadistinguishedwriter.

(驰名的)celebrated:Famous,(substituteforrenowned)

Itrefersobjectivelytosborsomethingthathasbeengiveacclaimorhonouredwithawardsorprizes.Shewasacelebratedactress.

renowned:Highlyhonoredandfamousforsomethinggood.oftenreferstoplacesorthings,alsoItsuggestssomethingthathasbecomelegendaryorisnolongeravailableforanobjectiveevaluation.

Edisonwasrenownedforhisinventions.

noted:Well-knownandadmired

Itoftendescribesamoreintellectualkindofeffortandaccomplishmentindicatinganauthority

orexpertortheirtheories.Maybeitisnotwidely

knowntothegeneralpublic.Hewasaverynotedexpert.

(臭名昭著)notorious:Famousforsomethingbad.

Heisnotoriousforhiscrimes.

18.强盗

thief:Themostgeneralone.

(强盗)robber:Itsuggestsadirectconfrontationinwhichtheowneris

forcedtogiveuphisvaluables.

(行凶强劫)mugger:Apersonwhoattacksandrobspeopleinastreetor

inalift.

burglar:Apersonwhobreaksintoahouseatnighttostealsomething.

(歹徒暴徒)gangster:Amemberofagroupofcriminals,esp.thosewhoare

armedandusegunstothreaten.

(匪徒)bandit:anarmedrobber.

Itsuggestsanorganizedgroupinaruralsetting.

(土匪)brigand:Arobberwholivesbyrobbingtravelersinthecountry.

(海盗)pirate:Apersonwhorobsonthesea.

19.摇动,颤动

shake:Themostgeneralone.tomoveupanddownorbackandforth.

Itreferstopersonsorthings.

(发抖)quiver:Totremblealittle.

Itsuggestsarapidbutinvisiblevibration.

Hislipsquiveredwithemotion.

(颤抖)tremble:Toshakeuncontrollablyandslightlyasfromfear,

cold,excitementetc.

Itimpliesuneasinessandnervousness.

Hervoicetrembledasshebegantosing.

(瞬间发抖)shiver:Totremblefromfearorcold.

Itsuggestsaslightandrapidmovement.

Hestoodshiveringinthesnow.

(极度颤动)quake:toshakeortrembleviolently.

Itsuggestsamoreviolentandsuddenchange.

Hequakedwithexcitement.

Anexplosioncammakethegroundquake.

(抽筋般颤动)shudder:Toshakeuncontrollablyforamovement.

Itsuggestsamoreintenseshaking.

Sheshudderedatthesightofasnake.

20.说话谈话

(说话)

speak:Touseyourvoicetosaywords.

(说)say:Tospeakwords.

(发出声音)utter:Tomakesoundandsaywords.

drawl:Tospeakinaslow,prolongedmanner.

mutter:Toexpressdispleasurewithcompressedlips.

rave:Totalkinanangry,uncontrolledway.

gabble:Totalkrapidly,makinginarticulatesounds.

(谈论)remark:Tomentionitorcommentonit.

(陈述)state:Tosay,expressorputintowords,esp.formally.

Hestatedhisview.

(讲述)narrate:Totellformallyinwritingorspeechordescribe

somethinginorderwithintonation.

Henarratedhisadventureintheforest.

(详述)relate:Totellformallyindetails,togiveanaccountof.

Herelatedhisexperiences.

(讲演)address:Tosayinspeechorwritingtoapersonorgroup.

tell:Toletpeopleknowaboutsomething.

talk:Tosaythingstosomeone.

converse:Totalkformally.

Thescholarsareconversingwitheachotheron

linguistics.

chat:Totalkinafriendly,familiar,informalmanner.

Thetwofriendssatinacornerandchatted.

chatter:Totalkcontinuouslyrapidlyaboutsmallthings.

Theschoolgirlswentalongchattering.

whisper:Totalkinalowvoice.

Shewhisperedmenottotalksoloudly.

murmur:Tomakeasoftsound,esp.tospeakorsayinaquietvoice.

Heoftenmurmurstohimself.

(闲谈)gossip:Totalkaboutthedetailsofotherpeople'sactions

andprivateliveswhichmaynotcorrectorproper.

Thatwomanisveryfondofgossipingaboutothers.

stammer:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofexcitement,embarrassment.

stutter:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseof

inherentspeechdefect.

21.事情,事件

(事)thing:Anevent,afact,asubject.

Hetalkedofmanyinterestingthings.

(事情)matter:Seththatyouhavetodealwith,somethingtobediscussed,

thoughtover.

Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthe

meeting.

(事务责任)business:Aspecialduty,somethingthathastobedone.

Publicbusinessiseveryone'sbusiness.

(事务)affair:Aneventorsetofconnectedevents.(pl)privateandpersonallife.

Ihavemanyaffairstolookafter.

(事件)event:Animportanthappening.Eventssuchasbirthdaysandanniversariesareoftencelebrated.

Doyouknowthechiefeventsof1986.

incident:Notasimportantasanevent.Incidentsseldomarecelebrated.Sometimesaneventbecomesanincidentaftermanyyearshavepassed.

(偶然事件)happening:Anoccurrence,andsometimesanunusualone.

Therehavebeenstrangehappeningsherelately.

(偶发事件)occurrence:Anincidentthatisusuallyunexpectedandhasnotbeenplannedaheadoftime.

Floodispracticallyanannualoccurrenceinthisdistrict.

22.承认

admit:Toagreetothetruthof,usu,somethingbad.

Itsuggestsreluctanceorpossibleobjection.

Headmittedhiscrime/stealing.

(自白供认)confess:Toadmitguiltastoacrimeorastoashortcoming,inthesenseofmakingknowntoothersone'sown

errororwrongdoing.

Heconfessedhisfault/doingsomethingwrong.

acknowledge:toagreethetruthof,recognizethefactor

existenceofwhathavesaidordone,goodorbad.

Itemphasizesopenlyinaembarrassingorawkwardand

usuallynotvoluntaryway.

Iacknowledgedmysignature/mistakes/errors/having

beendefeated.

grant:Toadmitortoagreesomethingistrue.

Igrantedhisrequest/hishonesty.

takesth/sbforgranted.

concede:Toadmitastrue,justorproperoftenunwillingly

becauseofoverwhelmingevidence.

Iconcededyouthatpoint,butIstillthinkyouarewrong.

recognize:Toacceptoracknowledgeit.

Itreferstosomethingaboutlawanddiplomacy.

ThenewregimewasrecognizedbyChina.

23.走路

walk:Themostgeneralone.

stride:Towalkwithlongsteps.

Hestrodethroughthestationafewminutesbeforethetrainleft.

(高视阔步)stalk:Towalkstiffly,slowly,andproudlywithlongsteps.

trot:Tojog,movequickly,usureferstohorses.

(蹒跚而行)waddle:Towalkfromsidetosidewithshortstepslikeaduck.

Thefatmanwaddledoutoftheroom.

(蹒跚)stagger:Towalkunsteadily,slideanddragthefeetalmost

fallingateachstep,usuallybecauseofillness,

injuryordrink.

Afterdrinkingtoomuch,hestaggeredinthestreet.

(摇摆蹒跚)totter:Towalkunsteadilyshowinggreatweaknessoftenused

ofveryyoungchildrenlearningtowalk.Thechildtotteredbeforehisparents.

(拖着脚走)shuffle:Tomovewithoutliftingthefeetclearofthefloor

asifwearingslippers.

Theoldmanshuffledalongtheroad.

(趾高气扬地走)strutTowalkinaproudstrongway,esp.withthechest

outandtryingtolookimportant.

(慢行)amble:Towalkataneasygentlerate.

Itstressesaleisurelybutregularmovement.

(闲逛)stroll:Towalk,esp.slowly,forpleasure.

Itemphasizesaslowermovement,morewanderingandaimlesswithsuggestionsofmanystartsandpauses.

Theyarestrollingthroughthispark.

saunter:Alittlemoreformalthanstroll.

(漫步徘徊)wander:Tomoveaboutwithoutafixedcourse,aim,orpurpose.

Hewaswanderingabout/down/through/upanddownthestreet.

(漫游)roam:Towanderwithasveryclearaim.

Itsuggestsamoreseriouspurposebehindtheirregular

ofcircularmovementincompleteforgetfulnessoftime.

Theloversroamedaround/throughthefields.

(跋涉)trudge:Towalkheavilyandwearilywitheffortaswhenone(plod)istired.

Thehunterwastrudgingthroughthedeepsnow.

(重步行走)tramp:Towalkwithfirmheavysteps.

Whohasbeentrampingalloverthecarpetinmuddyshoes.

(扭扭捏捏地走)

mince:Towalkwithlittleshortstepsinanaffectedmanner.

Itwasafunnysighttoseehermincealong.

slouch:Towalkinaloose,ungainly(不雅观)way.

hustle:Towalkinabusy,activeway.

24.跳

jump:Themostgeneralone.tothrowoneselfintotheair.

(跳起)

leap:(literary)Tospringthroughtheair,oftenlanding

inadifferentplace.

Theboyleapedoverthebrookwithoutdifficulty.

(跳跃)spring:Toleapsuddenlyandquickly.

Hesprangtohisfeetatthesuddennoise.

(跳着跑)bound:Tospringlightlyalong.

Its