2022完型填空分解教师版

2022年高考真题完形填空小题分解(教师版）固定搭配题完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，且以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。解题时，可以通过仔细观察和回忆所学知识，进行有效推断，选择正确答案。【题1】（2022·全国卷2）ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.Nicolo,whoserealnamecannotbe 41 tothepublicbecauseofItaly’sprivacylaws,42.finishedworkingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.A.attached B.allocated C.exposed D.submitted思路：根据下文的“becauseofItaly’sprivacylaws”可知主人公的真名是隐私的、不可透露的。“beexposedto”意为“被暴露”，符合语境。答案：C【题2】（2022·全国甲卷）That’swhenthingswent29.“Irememberwalkingdownthelonghallandopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,”Burchillsaidinarecentletterofapologytothe4-starhotel.29.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind思路：根据上下文可知几十只鸽子从酒店房间窗户飞进房间吃香肠，作者推开门，房间一片混乱，gowrong（出岔子）符合语境。答案：C【题3】（2022·全国I）Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.51.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded思路：乞力马扎罗山在许多文化中都被认为是宗教的地方。beregardedas被认为是，因此答案选D。（二）语义复现题复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机衔接在一起。因此，根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现，可选择正确答案。原词复现【题1】（2022·全国卷1）Onedaytheywill47.wakeupanddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa 48 .Iwonderif49.parentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.consequences.Ihaveaverystrong51.fearthattheliewe’retellingisdoing52.spiritualdamagetoourchildren.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact思路：由下文的“Ihaveaverystrong51.fearthatthelie...”并结合语境可知，本句意为：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。答案：B【题2】（2022·全国甲卷）“Irememberwalkingdownthelonghallandopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,”Burchillsaidinarecentletterof31tothe4-starhotel.....“Icometoyou,hatinhand,toapologizeforthedamage......31.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation思路：根据下文“Icometoyoutoapologizeforthedamage...”并结合语境可知，Cherchill诗写信给酒店道歉的。答案：B【题3】（20229·全国I）However,Isoon discoverthatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifindaclearmountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.46.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones思路：根据上文我很快发现自从这些日子对营地数吨垃圾的报道以来，我发现了一座干净的山，营地有厕所。故答案选C【题4】（20229·全国III）Butthatchanged whenasystemofhigh-tech46wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents（居民）ofRjukanreceivedtheirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputtouse.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthatpredictsthemtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthedayandtocloseduringwindyweather46.A.computers B.telescopes C.mirrors D.cameras思路：但当高科技的镜子系统被使用来把旁边山峰的太阳光反射到下面的山谷时，那就发生了变化。Rjukan的居民收到的冬天的第一缕阳光，一排排的反射屏被投入使用。镜子是由一台电脑控制的，电脑预测他们跟着太阳转动，在刮风的天气关闭。答案C。【题5】（20229·全国III）Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam（束）oflightontothetown’scentral51,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.……"Thetownsquarewastotallyfull.51.A.library B.hall C.square D.street镜子把阳光集中，反射到城镇的广场。下文出现城镇的广场挤满了人。答案C。同义、近义复现【题1】（2022·全国卷2）Itwassigned(签名)“Bonnato”orsohethought,butwhenhe51.researchedit,heonlyfound“Bonnard”,aFrench52.painterhehadneverheardof...They57 theotherpaintingandlearnedthatitwas58.actuallyPaulGauguin’s“StillLifeofFruitonaTablewithaSmallDog”.A.collected B.cleaned C.framed D.studied思路：根据上下的“butwhenhe51.researchedit”可知，此处用“研究”符合语境，“research”和“study”是同义词复现。答案：D【题2】（2022·全国甲卷）Olderandwisernow,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion（莽撞）.“Ihave35andIadmitresponsibilityformy36,”hesaidintheletter.36.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions思路：根据上下的“youthfulindiscretion（莽撞）”可知，此处用“madness疯狂，愚蠢行为”符合语境，“indiscretion”和“madness”是近义词复现。答案：D【题3】（2022·全国III）"It'snotvery59,”shesays,"butitisenoughwhenwearesharing.”59.A.big B.clear C.cold D.easy思路：下文butitisenough，可知虽然不是很大，但足够了。答案A。反义复现【题1】（2022·全国卷3）They’llhaveouthalfthe45.goodsintheshop,andwanttheonlystyleyoudon’thaveleftina46.particularcolour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstallcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeep 47 .A.fighting B.smiling C.waiting D.changing思路：根据连词but可知，此处填入的词与前一分句中的“upset”意义相反。答案：B【题2】（2022·全国甲卷）Olderandwisernow,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion（莽撞）.“Ihave35andIadmitresponsibilityformy36,”hesaidintheletter.35.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured思路：根据上文中“Olderandwisernow,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion（莽撞）”Cherchill把上次的事故归咎于年轻莽撞，现在他思想成熟了，认识到了自己行为的不妥，从而给酒店写信道歉。答案：D代词复现【题1】（2022·全国卷1）Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrived,Larryandtheotherman56.backedoffandletthemgotowork.Then,Larryasked 57 ifhewasneededor58.freetogo.Theylethimandtheothermango.57.A.woman B.police C.man D.driver思路：根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还需要他，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员。下文中的代词“They”是复数，四个选项中只有“police”是集合名词，表示复数，也符合常识。答案：B（三）逻辑关系题有时，可通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系确定答案。这种方法主要应用于解答两类题：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语类体；二是考查上下文逻辑关系类体。【题1】（2022·山东高考模拟卷）Iamwillingto32.stayuphereforaslongasittakes, 33 Ihonestlyhopeitwon’tbe34.toolongbeforeIcanputmyfeetonthegroundbelowandstandinaforestthatwillneverbe35.logged.A.but B.though C.because D.so思路：空前提到“我愿意待在树上”，空后说“我不希望待在树上太长时间”，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系。答案：A【题2】（2022·全国乙卷）Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,59livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan60andshouldberewarded.60.A.honour B.ability C.opening D.extra思路：空前提到对很多人来说，救命是工作的一部分，but转折，然而设计发型不属于工作的一部分而是额外的。故选择extra.答案：D【题3】（2022·全国I）ThisviewisespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroasclimbersgothroughfiveecosystems（生态系统）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,givingwaytolandsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweatherchanges----lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.IcounttwelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighlanddesert:gravel（砾石）,stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.58.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally思路：总共经历五个生态系统，底部是热带雨林……Furtherup，再往上，….,最后，用finally。答案D。【题4】（2022·全国III）The3,500residentscannotallenjoythesunshineatthesametime.57,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown’ssun-starvedresidents.57.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly思路：3500个居民不可能同时享受太阳，但对于太阳饥渴的人们来说，已经足够了。表示转折，所以选B。【题4】（2022·全国II）Hehadtriedtocoax（哄）thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad44.44.A.calmeddown B.stoodup C.rolledover D.runoff思路:他尝试着哄狗，但是狗很害怕，跑了。从but,frightened,可以知道。答案D。【题5】（2022·全国III）ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March-…….Butthat45whenasystemofhigh-tech46wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow45.A.helped B.changed C.happened D.mattered思路:前文讲Rjukan从九月下旬到三月中旬都没有直接的太阳照射，后面的But表示转折，所以事情发生了变化。用changed。故答案选B。（四）文化常识题完形填空的语篇往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。解题时，若能积极调动已有的文化背景知识和生活常识，注意中西文化差异，可简化复杂的分析和判断过程，节省解题时间。【题1】（2022·全国卷2）The59.familycalledtheItalianCultureMinistry;theofficialconfirmedthatthepaintingswere 60 andworthasmuchas$50million.A.copies B.originals C.models D.presents思路：根据下文的“asmuchas$50million”并结合生活常识可知，只有画家的原版才值这么多钱。答案：B【题2】（2022·全国甲卷）Burchillwas21atthehotelonbusinessandplanningto22somefriendsinAshewas25thatitwouldbetoowarm,he26itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow.21.A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing22.A.visit B.helpC.follow D.make23.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste25.A.surprisedB.pleased C.excited D.worried26.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid思路：根据生活常识Burchill出差在酒店收拾行李，并计划去拜访一些朋友。朋友们请Churchill顺带给他们一些家乡的香肠。他担心天气太热，香肠会变坏，于是将香肠从箱子里拿出来摆放在桌子上。答案：、、、【题3】（2022·全国甲卷）“Icometoyou,37,toapologizeforthedamageIhad38causedandtoaskyouto39mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”37.A.handsinpockets B.noseintheair C.hatinhand ontheground思路：根据生活和文化常识Burchill是写信给酒店道歉的，根据选项的意思，hatinhand（字面意思是“帽子放在手里”，实际译为“毕恭毕敬”）符合道歉的场合。handsinpockets(手放口袋里），noseinair(高傲自大），feetontheground(脚踏实地）都不符合我们的常识。答案：C【题4】（2022·全国乙卷）.......toeachofusinthenursingteam.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthenreplied:“Ohthisisn’tforthe57Ihad......Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,59livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisanextraandshouldberewarded.57.A.courage B.patience C.duty D.care59.A.risking B.changing C.saving D.building思路：根据上文内容可知，作者是一名护士，在医院照顾病人，病人康复了要出院时感谢护士的照顾，故选择care(照顾）。对于医生和护士来说救死扶伤是他们的职责，故选择save（拯救）。答案：,【题5】（2022·全国乙卷）Shewas49foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge(出院）,wesharedinher50atherrecovery.49.A.grateful B.thoughtful C.sorrowful D.fearful50.A.surprise B.delight C.curiosity D.disappointment思路：根据上下文内容可知，病人康复了可以出院了，当然感谢医护人员为他所作的一切，并且很高兴地分享他的康复。答案：,【题6】（2022·全国一卷）Mylifeasatax-payingemployedpersonbeganinmiddleschool,when,forthreewholedays,Iworkedinabakingfactory.MybestfriendBetsy’sfatherwasamanageratHoughBakeries,which,atEastertime,41littlebunny(兔子)cakesforallits42throughoutCleveland.Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfor43helpduringourspringbreak,forwhichIhadnoplansbeyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.I’d45minimumwage.I’dseehowafactoryworded.MyparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrantideaandcalledBetsy’sdadwiththeir47.41.A.soldB.orderedC.madeD.reserved42.A.storesB.familiesC.schoolsD.citizens43.A.generousB.financialC.technicalD.temporary45.A.offerB.earnC.setD.suggest47.A.ambitionB.permissionC.experienceD.invitation思路：第41、42题，从上文可知HoughBakeries是一个烘培蛋糕的工厂，根据生活常识，工厂是给零售商店制作并提供蛋糕的，故选made、stores.第43、44题，工厂寒假临时雇佣8个孩子帮忙，孩子工作可以挣得很少的薪水，故选temporary|,earn.第47题，作者想去工厂工作，他的父母也赞成，需要获得经理Betsy的同意，故选permission.答案：、、,【题7】（2022·全国卷II）Jeffhad54inIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog,Rosie,butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.54.A.hunted B.skied C.lived D.worked思路：Jeff和他的狗在感恩节前一直的爱荷华州打猎，但是，枪声把他的狗吓跑了。因此答案选A。【题8】（2022·全国卷I）Mountainsareregardedasspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems（生态系统）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55----lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel（砾石）,stonesandrocks.52.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose53.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials54.A.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livingupto D.givingwayto55.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits56.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add57.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake思路：大山在许多文化中都被认为是心灵之地。52题，指前面提到的观点。这种观点在Kilimanjaro特别明显，53题，因为爬山者会在几公里的空间经历五种生态系统。在底部是热带雨林，它突然在3000米的地方终止，给低矮的植物让路。再往上，天气发生了改变，笼罩在山上，这一层是厚植被，从我站的地方，我就能数出十二出绿色的地方四千米以上就是高地沙漠。砾石,石头和岩石。答案52A53B54D55A5657B【题9】（2022·全国卷III）ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March-41sixmonthsoutoftheyear.Ofcourse,we42itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown’stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis43,butdowninthevalleyit’sdarker—it’slikeona44day.”Butthat45whenasystemofhigh-techmirrorswasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents（居民）ofRjukan47theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto48.41.A.only B.obviously C.nearly D.precisely42.A.fear B.believe C.hear D.notice43.A.empty B.blue C.high D.wide44.A.cloudy B.normal C.different D.warm45.A.helped B.changed C.happened D.mattered47.A.remembered B.forecasted C.received D.imagined48.A.repair B.risk C.rest D.use思路：从九月下旬到三月中旬，几乎是六个月。“当然，我们会注意到太阳正在闪耀”。KarinRo,他在镇里的旅行社工作。“我们看到天空是蓝色的，但是在山谷下面却是黑的。就像是一个多云的一天。”但当高科技的镜子系统被使用来把旁边山峰的太阳光反射到下面的山谷时，那就发生了变化。Rjukan的居民收到的冬天的第一缕阳光，一排排的反射屏被投入使用。答案：41C42D43B44A45B47C48D【题10】（2022·全国I）TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.49.A.payingoff B.spreadingout C.blowingup D.fadingaway思路：环境的挑战是显著的，但是由TanzaniaNationalParkAuthority做出的努力得到了回报，答案A。【题11】（2022·全国II）Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone50aslostinthelocalpaper.Theadhada51numberforatowninsouthernMichigan.Ehlers52thenumberofJeffandLisatotellthemhehad53theirdog.50.A.predicted B.advertised C.believed D.recorded51.A.house B.phone C.street D.car52.A.called B.copied C.counted D.remembered53.A.fed B.adopted C.found D.cured思路：50题在当地报纸上登的一则广告。广告上都写有能联系的电话号码，这是一个生活常识。Ehlers然后拨打电话，是为了告诉JeffandLisa他找到了他们的狗。答案50B51B52A53C。（五）语境分析题上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在局内层次题中，通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。【题1】（2022·全国卷2）Heboughtabookandwas 53 tofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesame54.gardenashisfather’spainting.That’sthegardeninourpicture,”Nicolo’ssontoldhisfather.A.expected B.surprised C.anxious D.read思路：根据下文“That’sthegardeninourpicture”可推测，尼科洛的儿子买的一本书中皮尔·波纳尔的图片中的椅子和花园跟尼科洛得到的画中的一模一样，这应该是让人惊讶的。答案：B【题2】（2022·全国甲卷）“Theseagullsimmediatelywent32.Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto33atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.32.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild思路：根据下文“Theyrushedtothewindow.30or40birdsall...andpepperoni--everywhere.”可推测海鸥看到人来了四处乱飞，很疯狂gowild.答案：D【题3】（2022·全国甲卷）Hisletter40.Bannedfromthehotelsince2022,Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback,theFairmontsaid.A.arrivedB.workedC.ended D.disappeared思路：根据下文“Bannedfromthehotelsince2022,Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback...”作者从上次的事情之后被禁止入住酒店到写信道歉以后被欢迎，可推测作者的道歉信起了作用，work可译为“起作用”。答案：B【题4】（2022·全国乙卷）Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa41justafewweeksago............toeachofusinthenursingteam..cleaner B.chemist C.nurse 思路：根据下文“......toeachofusinthenursingteam.”可推测作者的工作是作为一名护士，故选择nurse.答案：C【题5】（2022·全国乙卷）Butsherecovered,though48,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.......Asshewas51shewaseagertosay52toeachofusinthenursingteam.48.A.slightly B.accidentally C.slowly D.happily51.A.operating B.thinking C.hesitating D.leaving52.A.sorry B.hello C.goodbye D.yes思路：第48题，根据下文的afterfourweeks以及上文内容可推测尽管经过了长时间的治疗，病人康复了，故选slowly。第51、52题，根据上文“Butsherecovered”病人康复了当然是要出院（离开医院）了，跟医生和护士说再见。答案：、、【题6】（2022·全国一卷）Thiswas50thanitsounds.51abitandthecakespileup.AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemorehigh-pressurethanI’d52.5A.harderB.betterC.longerD.cheaper思路：根据下文的alittlehigh-pressure可以推断作者做的工作听起来容易，但是事实上压力大很多，比说起来更难，故第50题选harder符合语境。答案：【题7】（20229·全国一卷）Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.41.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.bring42.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters43.A.position B.age C.face D.name思路：每年，大约有4万人想要爬上乞力马扎罗山，非洲最高的山。他们带来了许多垃圾，可能破坏这个地方的美。第42题指前面的人们crowds人群。。用冰川正在消失，改变乞力马扎罗山的外貌。答案41D42C43C。【题8】（20229·全国II）Backhome,Ehlerswastroubledbythat45dog.So,fourdayslater,hecalledhisfriendGreg,andthetwodrove46.Afteralongandcareful47.Gregsaw,acrossafield,thedogmoving48away.Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith49.Itjuststartedlicking（舔）Ehlers’face.45.A.injured B.stolen C.lost D.rescued46.A.home B.