Unit 3 重点知识归纳讲义-高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit3重点知识归纳一、重点单词1．trackn.跑道；足迹；铁路轨道vt.&vi.追踪；跟踪trackevents径赛项目backontrack重新步入正轨；恢复正常followone'strack跟踪某人；跟着某人的足迹走keeptrackof...与……保持联系；了解……的动态losetrackof...与……失去联系；不了解……的动态2．competevi.竞争；对抗competein...在……方面竞争；参加……比赛competefor...为……而竞争competewith/against...与……竞争competitionn.竞争；比赛competitorn.竞争者；对手competitiveadj.竞争性的；有竞争力的3．pretendvi.&vt.假装；装扮pretendtodosth.假装做某事pretendtobe＋n./adj.假装是/装扮成……pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth.假装已经做过某事pretendthat...假装……4．honourn.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)beanhonourtosb./sth.是某人/某物的光荣showhonourto...向……表示敬意havethehonourofdoingsth.有幸做某事inhonourofsb.＝inone'shonour向某人表示敬意；为纪念某人honoursb.withsth.授予某人某物behonouredwith...荣获……荣誉/表彰be/feelhonouredtodosth.做某事感到荣幸5．determinationn.决心；决定withdetermination有决心bedeterminedtodosth.决定做某事(表状态)determinetodosth.决心做某事(表动作)determineon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事determinesb.todosth.使某人决心做某事determinewhat/who/how/that...确定……6．injurevt.使受伤；损害injuredadj.受伤的；有伤的theinjured伤员injuryn.伤害；损伤dosb.aninjury＝doaninjurytosb.伤害某人7．strengthn.力量；体力withallone'sstrength全力以赴buildupone'sstrength增强体质strengthsandweaknesses优势和劣势havethestrengthtodosth.有力量/意志做某事strongadj.坚强的；强壮的；强烈的strengthenvt.加强；巩固8．failuren.失败；失败的人(或事物)failvi.失败；未能做到failin...在……方面失败failtodosth.未能做某事9．dietn.规定饮食；日常饮食vi.节食beonadiet＝goonadiet控制饮食；节食putsb.onadiet使某人节食abalanceddiet均衡的饮食10．stressn.压力；紧张；重音vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安understress在压力之下underthestressof...在……压力之下；为……所迫timeofstress危难之际；非常时期lay/put/placestressonsth.＝stresssth.强调某事stressthat...强调……stresstheimportanceof...强调……的重要性stressfuladj.有压力的(指物)astressfuljob/situation/lifestyle繁重的工作/艰难的处境/紧张的生活方式stressedadj.感到压力的(指人)二、重点短语1．comealong跟随；到达；进步；赶快comeup(太阳/月亮)升起；长出；发芽；发生；被提及comeupwith提出comeabout发生comeacross(偶然)遇见comeon加油；出场comeout出版；开花；出现cometo苏醒；谈到；共计；达到2．workout锻炼；计算出；解决；制订出；有结果workon从事于；致力于atwork在工作；在运转outofwork失业3．makeit获得成功；准时到达makesure确信makeup组成；编造；化妆；弥补makeout辨认出；理解getit明白了；知道了putit说；表达4．upto...由……决定upto...＝uptill/until...直到……beuptosth.正在做/从事某事(尤指坏事)；在捣鬼beupto＝befitfor胜任(常用于否定句和疑问句中)It'suptosb.todosth.由某人负责/决定做某事。5．makesense有道理；合乎情理；表达清楚makesenseof明白；理解makenosense没有道理；没有意义asenseofhumour幽默感inasense从某种意义上说innosense决不(放在句首，句子要用部分倒装)There'snosenseindoingsth.做某事是没有道理/作用的。Itmakessense(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做某事有意义。6．setanexample树立榜样setanexampleto/forsb.＝setsb.anexample为某人树立榜样forexample＝forinstance例如take...forexample以……为例followone'sexample学习某人；仿效某人7．fallapart破裂；破碎；崩溃falloff跌落falldown跌倒fallsilent安静下来fallasleep入睡；睡着fallbehind落后；掉队fallinlovewithsb./sth.爱上某人/某物fallintothehabitof...养成……的习惯8．loseheart丧失信心；泄气learnsth.byheart背诵；牢记putone'sheartinto专心于breakone'sheart伤某人的心heartandsoul全心全意loseone'shearttosb.爱上某人9．giveup放弃；投降giveback归还giveout分发；用完；耗尽giveaway分发；赠送；泄露giveoff发出(光、热、声音、气味等)givein投降；屈服；让步(常与to连用)；呈交10．ratherthan而不是；与其……倒不如woulddo...ratherthando...＝wouldratherdo...thando...＝prefertodo...ratherthando...宁愿做……而不愿做……11．cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下；裁剪；删去cutacross(抄近路)穿过cutoff切断；阻断cutdown砍倒；删减cutin插嘴；插入cutup使伤心；切碎；把……分成小块12．nowandthen有时；偶尔；时常everynowandthen/again有时；时而；偶尔nowandagain时而occasionallyadv.偶尔attimes有时候onceinawhile有时fromtimetotime有时；不时13．compare...with与……比较compare...to...与……相比；把……比作……comparedto/with...和……相比(通常作状语)beyond/withoutcompare无与伦比；举世无双comparisonn.比较；对照；比喻incomparisonwith...与……相比三、重点句式1．evenif引导让步状语从句Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.一个足球运动员不应该假装跌倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。2．what引导宾语从句Thishelpsyoutorelatewhatyoureadtowhat