药理学专业词汇

药理学专业词汇（中英文对照）药理学专业词汇（中英文对照）第一章绪论药理学pharmacology药物drug药物效应动力学pharmacodynamics药物代谢动力学pharmacokinetics上市后药物监测post-marketingsurveillance第二章药物效应动力学药物作用pharmacologicalaction药理效应pharmacologicaleffect治疗作用therapeuticeffect对症治疗symptomatictreatment补充疗法supplementtherapy不良反应reaction副作用毒性反应后遗效应变态反应adversedrugsidereactiontoxicreactionaftereffectallergicreaction剂量-效应关系dose-effectrelationship最小有效量dose最小有效浓度concentration个体差异variability效价强度构效关系relationship激动药拮抗药配体门控离子通道受体ligandgatedionchannelreceptorl=jl==lliiJminimaleffectiveminimaleffectiveindividualpotencystructureactivityagonistantagonist第三章药物代谢动力学吸收absorption吸收首关消除elimination静脉注射injection分布生物

first-passintravenousdistribution转化biotransformation排泄excretion时量关系time-concentrationrelationship生物利用度bioavailability药物消除动力学过程eliminationkineticprocess一级消除动力学first-ordereliminationkinetics零级消除动力学zero-ordereliminationkinetics半衰期half-life表观分布容积apparent

volumeofdistribution总体清除率totalbodyclearance稳态浓度steady-stateconcentration第四章影响药物效应的因素和合理用药的原则控释剂formulation缓释剂formulation耐受性耐药性半衰期控释剂formulation缓释剂formulation耐受性耐药性药物依赖性相互作用配伍禁忌协同拮抗resistancedrugdependenceinteractionincompatibilitysynergismantagonism第五章自主神经系统药理总论

运动神经somaticmotornervoussystem自主神经autonomicnervoussystem胆碱能神经cholinergicnerve去甲肾上腺素能神经noradrenergicnerve乙酰胆碱acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯uptake氧化mono-amine酶acetylcholinesterase单胺酶oxidase儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶运动神经uptake氧化mono-amine毛果芸香碱pilocarpine烟碱nicotine第七章抗胆碱酯酶药及胆碱酯酶复活药抗胆破酯酶药anticholinesteraseagents胆碱酯酶复活药cholinesterasereactivator新斯的明neostigmine有机磷酸酯类organophosphate碘解磷定pralidoximeiodine第八章M胆碱受体阻断药

阿托品山莨菪碱东莨若碱阿托品山莨菪碱东莨若碱atropine

anisodaminescopolamine第九章N胆碱受体阻断药琥珀suxamethonium筒箭d-tubocurarine第十章肾上腺素受体激动药去甲肾上腺素noradrenaline肾上腺素adrenaline多巴胺dopamine

异丙肾上腺素isoprenaline第十一章肾上腺素受体阻断药肾上腺素受体阻adrenoceptorblockingdrugs酚妥拉phentolamine肾上腺素作用adrenalinereversal酚苄phenoxybenzamine哌唑prazosin普萘洛propranolol药明药明转明嗪尔表面麻醉suifaceanesthesia

浸润麻醉infiltrationanesthesia传导麻醉conductionanesthesia蛛网膜下腔麻醉subarachnoidalanesthesia利lidocaine多卡因普procaine鲁卡因丁卡因tetracaine第十三章全身麻醉药吸入麻醉inhalationalanesthetics氟halothaneTOC\o"1-5"\h\z静脉麻intravenousanesthetics硫喷妥thiopentalsodium诱导

inductionofinductionofanesthesia第十四章镇静催眠药地西泮Diazepam氯氮卓Chlordiazepoxide奥沙西泮Oxazepam硝西泮Nitrazepam艾司Estazolam唑仑苯巴比妥Phenobarbital水合Chloralhydrate氯醛第十五章抗癫痫药和抗惊厥药抗癫痫药antiepilepticdrugs苯妥英钠sodiumphenytoin苯巴比妥phenobarbital扑米酮primidone乙琥胺ethosuximide苯二氮卓类benzodiazepine卡马西平carbamazepine丙戊酸钠sodiumvalproate硫酸镁magnesiumsulfate第十六章抗中枢退行性疾病药左旋多巴levodopa,L-dopa卡比多巴

Carbidopa司来吉米Selegiline硝替卡朋Nitecapone第十七章抗精神失常药抗精神antipsychoticdrugsantimanicdrugs抗抑antidepressivedrugsTOC\o"1-5"\h\z抗焦antianxietydrugs吩噻phenothiazines硫杂thioxanthenes丁酰butyrophenones病药狂药郁药病药狂药郁药虑药嗪类苯类嗪chlorpromazine氯氮平clozapine碳酸锂lithiumcarbonate丙imipramine米嗪第十八章镇痛药阿片opium吗啡morphine哌替啶pethidine美沙酮methadone喷他佐辛pentazocine芬太尼fentanyl解热镇痛抗炎药analgesics解热镇痛抗炎药analgesicsanddrugs非甾体non-steroidaldrugs花生四烯酸acid阿司匹林非那西丁乙酰paracetamol保phenylbutazone吲哚indomethacin布洛芬别嘌醇antipyretic，anti-inflammatory抗炎药anti-inflammatoryarachidonicaspirin

phenacetin氨基酚泰松美辛brufenallopurinol

丙磺舒秋水仙碱probenecid丙磺舒秋水仙碱胺胺药拉明嗪咪唑替丁替丁色胺色第二十章抗变态反应药组histamineTOC\o"1-5"\h\z抗组antihistamines苯海diphenhydramine异丙promethazine胺胺药拉明嗪咪唑替丁替丁色胺色林erin昂丹ondansetronketans司琼第二十一章钙拮抗药钙拮抗药calciumantagonists电压依赖性钙通道voltagedependentCa2+channels受体调控性钙通道receptor-operatedCa2+channels第二信使活化钙通道secondmessengeroperatedCa2+channels硝苯地平nifedipine尼群地平nitrendipine地尔硫卓机械活化钙通道mechanicallyoperatedCa2+channels

diltiazem维拉帕verapamil第二十二章肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统肾素第二十二章肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统肾素rennin血管紧张素原angiotensinogen血管紧张素转化酶angiotensinconvertingenzyme血管紧张素肽angiotensinpeptides血管紧张angiotensinreceptor卡angiotensinpeptides血管紧张angiotensinreceptor卡托利依那利雷米利素受体普captoprilenalapril普ramipril第二十三章抗心律失常药心律失常arrhythmias奎尼丁Quinidine利多卡因Lidocaine普罗帕酮Propafenone胺碘酮Amiodarone维拉帕米Verapamil致心律失常作用proarrhythmia,arrhythmogenesis第二十四章抗慢性心功能不全药卡托普利Captopril氯沙坦Losartar美托洛尔metoprolol

卡维地洛carvedilol地高辛Digoxin米力农Milrinone维司力农vesnarinone第二十五章抗心绞痛药心绞痛anginapectoris硝酸甘油nitroglycerin硝酸异山梨酯isosobidedinitrater戊四硝酯pentaerythrityltetranitrate普萘洛尔propranolol硝苯地平nifedipine维拉帕米verapamil

地尔硫卓卡维地洛diltiazemcarvedilol地尔硫卓卡维地洛胆cholesterol三酰triglyceride磷phospholipid游离脂肪酸acid胆cholesterylester游离胆固醇cholesterol总胆固醇cholesterol载脂apoprotein脂醇甘油脂freefatty醇酯freetotal蛋白白lipoprotein消胆cholestyramine,cholesteramineresin烟酸acid烟酸acid普罗布考/丙丁酚多烯脂肪酸类fattyacids多不饱和nicotinicprobucolpolyenoic脂肪酸类烯酸烯酸酸linolenic酸eveningpolyunsaturatedfattyacids二十碳五eicosapentaenoicacid二十二碳六docosahexaenoicacida-亚麻a-linolenicacid亚油酸acid烯酸烯酸酸linolenic酸eveningprimroseoil

亚油酸linolenicacid硫酸乙酰肝素heparansulfate硫酸皮肤素dermatansulfate硫酸软骨素chondroitinsulfate第二十七章抗高血压药个体化治疗方案individualizedtherapy氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide氨氯地平amlodipine卡托普利captopril氯沙坦losartan可乐定clonidine甲基多巴methyldopa

莫索尼定moxonidine哌唑嗪prazosin肼屈嗪hydralazine米诺地尔minoxidil二氮嗪diazoxide硝普钠sodiumnitroprusside第二十八章利尿药及脱水药利尿药diuresisdrugs呋噻米furosemide阿米洛利amiloride螺内酯spironolactone乙酰唑胺acetazolamide氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide

氨苯triamterene第二十九章作用于血液和造血器官的药物肝素鱼精蛋白低分子量肝素heparinprotaminlowmolacularweightheparin伊诺肝素水蛭素双香dicoumarin华法林枸橼酸钠enoxaparinlepirudin豆素warfarinsodiumCitrate阿司匹林利多格雷依前epoprostanol双嘧dipyridamole噻氯匹定aspirinridogrel列醇达莫antigreg

^链streptokinase,SKalteplase

saruplase普酶alteplase

saruplase普酶dexran沙芦普酶阿尼anistreplase右旋糖酐第三十章作用于呼吸系统的药物平喘antitussives药antiasthmaticdrugs镇咳药祛expectorants倍氯beclomethasonedipropionate布地奈德antitussives药曲安奈德triamcinoloneacetonide丙酸氟替卡松fluticasoneflunisolidepropionate氟尼缩松flunisolide色甘酸钠cromoglycate曲尼司特酮替芬奈多罗米钠sodium沙丁胺醇特布他林克仑特罗氯丙clorprenaline福莫特罗沙美特罗氨aminophylline二羟diprophylline胆cholinophylline多索茶碱茶theophylline异丙disodiumtranilast

ketotifen

nedocromilsalbutamolterbutalineclenbuterol那林formoterolsalmeterol碱茶碱碱doxofylline碱漠铉codeinecodeine沙芬维林benzonatate哌林ammoniumacetylcysteinebromhexineipratropium可待因右美dextromethorphan喷托pentoxyverine苯佐那酯苯丙benproperine氯化铵chloride乙酰半胱氨酸漠己新西咪替cimetidine雷尼替ranitidine法莫替famotidine丙谷第三十一章作用于消化系统的药物proglumide丁丁丁胺哌仑西平pirenzepine奥美拉唑omeprazole硫糖铝sucralfate三钾二枸橼酸铋tripotassiumdicitratebismuthate昂丹司琼ondansetron苯海拉明diphenhydramine东莨菪碱scopolamine氯丙嗪chloropromazine甲氧氯普胺metoclopramide多潘立酮domperidone西沙必利cisapride硫酸镁

magnesiumsulfatesulfate乳果lactulose酚phenolphthalein比沙bisacodyl液体石腊paraffin甘油TOC\o"1-5"\h\z地芬diphenoxylate洛哌loperamide联苯双酯马洛替酯苯丙phenylpropanol熊去氧sodium糖Tier.sodium糖Tier.酞可啶liquidglycerin诺酯丁胺bifendatemalotilate醇胆酸sodiumtauroglycocholate去氢胆酸dehydrocholicacid曲匹布通trepibutone第三十二章子宫平滑肌兴奋药和抑制药缩宫素oxytocin麦角新碱ergometrine麦角胺ergotamine前列腺素prostaglandin第三十三章性激素类药及避孕药雌激素estrogen孕激素progestogen雄激素androgen

第三十四章肾上腺皮质激素类药物肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticalhormonesTOC\o"1-5"\h\z糖皮质激glucocorticoids氢化可的hydrocortisone可的cortisone盐皮质激mineralocorticoidsaldosterone去氧皮质desoxycorticosteroneTOC\o"1-5"\h\z泼尼prednisone泼尼松prednisolone甲泼尼methylprednisolone素松松素酮酮松龙龙松地素松松素酮酮松龙龙松倍他米松betamethasone曲安西龙triamcinolone氟氢可的松fludrocortisone氟轻松fluocinoloneacetonide糖皮质激素受体glucocorticoidreceptor正性糖皮质激素反应成分glucocorticoidresponseelement负性糖皮质激素反应成分negativeglucocorticoidresponseelement皮质激素转运球蛋白corticosteroidbindingglobulin第三十五章甲状腺素和抗甲状腺药甲状腺功能亢进症hyperthyroidism甲状腺素

thyroxine三碘甲状腺原氨酸triiodothyronine抗甲状腺药antithyroiddrugs硫脲类thiourease硫氧thiouracilsthiourease硫氧thiouracils丙硫propylthiouracil甲硫氧methylthiouracil咪唑imidazoles甲硫thiamazole他巴唑碘碘化物放radioiodine啶类嘧啶嘧啶类唑tapazoleiodineiodide性碘第三十六章胰岛素及口服降糖药胰岛素甲苯tolbutamide氯磺chlorpropamide格列毗嗪格列gliclazideTOC\o"1-5"\h\z格列glibornuride格列gliquidone格列glimepiride苯乙phenformin丁buformin甲metformininsulinTOC\o"1-5"\h\z丁脲丙脲glipizide齐特波脲喹酮美脲福明明明第三十七章抗菌药物概论acarbose波糖miglitol酮酮酮酮药药谱minimal阿卡波糖伏格voglibose米格列醇TOC\o"1-5"\h\z罗格rosiglitazone环格ciglitazone吡格pioglitazone恩格englitazone抑菌inhibitorydrugs杀土第三十七章抗菌药物概论acarbose波糖miglitol酮酮酮酮药药谱minimalinhibitoryconcentration:低杀菌浓度bactericidalconcentration疗化学chemotherapy耐tolerance抗antibiotics第三十八章6-内酰胺类抗生素青penicillin青霉素结合penicillinbindingproteins头孢cephalothin头孢cefamandole头孢ceftriaxoneminimal法性素素蛋白吩多松第三十九章大环内酯类、林可霉素类及万古霉素类抗生素大环内酯类抗生素macrolides红erythromycin霉素林可霉素lincomycin万古霉素vancomycin螺旋spiramycin霉素第四十章氨基昔类及多黏菌素类氨基aminoglycosides昔类^链霉素streptomycin庆大霉素gentamicin卡那霉素kanamycin抗生素后效应postantibioticeffect妥布霉素tobramycin阿米卡星amikacin奈替米星netilmicin多黏菌素类polymyxins第四十一章四环素类及氯霉素类四环素tetracycline土霉素terramycin氯霉素chloramphenicol广谱抗生素broad-spectrumantibiotics多西doxycycline环素喹诺酮类quinolones诺氟沙星norfloxacin吡哌酸pipemidicacid氧氟沙星ofloxacin左氧氟沙星levofloxacin环丙沙星ciprofloxacin司帕沙星sparfloxacin曲伐沙星tr