硕士英语课件

YouAreWhatYouThinkYouAreWhatYouThinkHowdoyouunderstandthistitle?InEnglish?InChinese?Pairwork:DiscussionAreyouanoptimisticpersonorapessimisticperson?Canyougiveanexampletojustifyyourstatement?Discussion:StructureofthearticleCanyouguessthesourceofthisarticle?Howmanypartscanthearticlebedividedinto?Whatdoeseachparttellus?Lookatthese…Mr/Miss“Theglassishalfempty.”Para.1:keepaneyeon(upon)Ifyoukeepaneyeonsomethingorsomeone,youwatchthemcarefully,forexampletomakesurethattheyaresatisfactoryorsafe,ornotcausingtrouble.I'msureyouwillagreethatwemustkeepacarefuleyeon

allourrunningcosts.Para.1:scrutinizev.makeadetailedexaminationof细查，详审；审视她的目的是要仔细审视他的特点，看看他是不是一个诚实的人。Herpurposeistoscrutinizehisfeaturestoseewhetherheisanhonestman.Para.2:inoculate1.injectvaccineinto给……注射疫苗Theparentswererequiredtoinoculatetheirchildrenagainstpolio.家长们必须给孩子打小儿麻痹预防针。2.fillthemindwithopinions向……灌输（思想）他的祖父给他灌输了强烈的责任感。Hisgrandfatherhasinoculatedhimwithastrongsenseofduty.Para.3:count1.beimportantorworthconsidering值得考虑，有重要意义重要的不是别人会对你有什么看法而是你怎样看待自己。Whatcountsisnotwhatotherswillthinkaboutyoubuthowyoufeelaboutyourself.2.consider，regardas认为，看作，被算作能和她结婚，他认为自己是个幸运的人。Hecountedhimselfaluckymantohavemarriedher.这本小说算得上杰作。Thenovelcountsasamasterpiece.Para.5:Grammar每天听英语，你就能逐渐学好这门语言。ListeningtoEnglisheveryday,youwilllearnthelanguagewellstepbystep.If

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listentoEnglisheveryday,youwilllearnthelanguagewellstepbystep.他坐在椅子上看报。Hesatinachairreadinganewspaper.Para.6:credit1.honor,reputation,praise功劳，荣誉，赞扬Herefusedtotakecreditfortheinnovationhiscolleaguemade．他不肯以同事的革新居功。2.belief,confidence,faith信任Ihavefullcreditinyourabilitytoconvincehim．我完全相信你有能力说服他。Para.8:self-fulfillingIfyoudescribeastatementorbeliefaboutthefutureasself-fulfilling,youmeanthatwhatissaidorbelievedcomestruebecausepeopleexpectittocometrue.It'sacaseoftheself-fulfillingprophecy.Ifyouthinkagroupishostile,thenyoubehavetowardsthemasiftheywerehostileandtheyinreturnactwithhostility.Part2(Para.3-9)Illustratetheimportanceofself-confidence(oroptimism)inachievingsuccessbycomparingoptimismandpessimism.AspointedbypsychologistScheier,one’sself-confidenceisamoreimportantfactorthanone’sabilityinachievingsuccess.Onereasonwhyoptimistsaremorelikelytosucceedisthattheydealwithproblemsindifferentwaysthanpessimists.Para.10:justifyjustify:givegoodreasonsforsomethingorfordoingsomething;defendNoargumentcanjustifyawar.Ministersagreedthatthisdecisionwasfullyjustifiedbyeconomicconditions.Para.12:undermine1.weakengradually暗中破坏，逐渐损坏他的新发现大大削弱了这个被广泛接受的理论。Hisnewdiscoveryhasgreatlyunderminedthiswidelyacceptedtheory.

2.weakenordestroyfromthebase破坏……的基础地下水破坏了房基。Thefoundationofthehousewasunderminedbygroundwater．Para.12:dodge1.vi.movesuddenlyoutofthewaytoavoid躲闪当小孩把球朝他扔过来时，他机敏地闪开了。Hedodgedcleverlywhentheboythrewtheballathim.2.vt.avoiddoing,especiallybydeceit躲避，巧妙地逃避这男孩子企图以装病来逃避上学。Theboytriedtododgeschoolbypretendingtobeill.Para.13:inclinevi./vt.(causeto)havethetendency(使)倾向于，(使)有意做某事他的政治哲学倾向于保守。Hispoliticalphilosophyinclinestowardsconservative．有些人往往喜欢贸然下结论。Somepeopleareinclinedtojumptohastyconclusions.Part4(Para.13-14)Originsofoptimismandpessimism—thewaysachildisbroughtup.Althoughmanypeoplearenoteasilyclassifiedaspessimistsoroptimists,theirwayofthinkingisahabitacquiredsincechildhood.Part5(Para.15-16)Part5(Para.15–Para.16):Peoplecanbetrainedtothinkmorepositively.[Para.15]Example:Dr.CarolDweck’sworkwithflounderingschoolchildren—Changingexplanationsfortheirfailureresultedinimprovedacademicperformance.[Para.16]Example:Dr.Levy'spilotstudywithcolon-cancerpatients—Forcolon-cancerpatients,psychologicalhelptoencourageoptimismbringsabetterresultthanmedicaltreatmentalone.Para.20:keep/losetrackofkeeptrackof:Ifyoukeeptrackofasituationoraperson,youmakesurethatyouhavethenewestandmostaccurateinformationaboutthemallthetime.With11,000employees,it'sverydifficulttokeeptrackofthemall.losetrackof:Ifyoulosetrackofsomeoneorsomething,younolongerknowwheretheyareorwhatishappening.Youbecomesodeeplyabsorbedinanactivitythatyoulosetrackoftime.Para.20:holdbackIfyouholdbackorsomethingholdsyouback,youhesitatebeforeyoudosomethingbecauseyouarenotsurewhetheritistherightthingtodo.他有几个原因退缩。Hehadseveralreasonsforholdingback.Part7(Para.21)Conclusion：Basedonthestudiesconductedsofar,wecandrawtheconclusionthatoneislikelytogetwhatheexpectsfromtheworld(i.e.apersonoftenturnsoutwhathethinksheis).Exercise:TextSummaryPairwork:Trytousenomorethan100wordstosummarizetheideasofthisarticle.Content:Complete(keywords)Language:ConciseTextSummaryCitingtheresultsofnumerousstudiesandquotinganumberofpsychologists,theauthorofthisarticleshowstheimportanceofpositivethinking.[Part1,thetopic]Wearemorelikelytosucceed

inworkandenjoybetterhealthifweadoptanoptimisticattitudetowardslife,includingitschallengesandblows.[Part2&3]Whetherinclinedtobepessimisticoroptimistic,weacquirethethinkingpatternaswegrowup.[Part4]However,wecanconsciouslytrainourselvestoturnourthinkingintomorepositivechannels.[Part5&6]Wewilltur