河北省涞水波峰中学2017届高三11月月考英语试题doc

波峰中学2016-2017学年度第一学期11月调研考试高三英语试题命题人：辛成霞石京京杨小青晋晓康审核人：樊建本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题100分）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowdidNancyfirstreacttobeingofferedchocolate? A.Surprised. B.Disappointed. C.Happy.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheman? A.Heisallergictocats. B.Hehadabadcoldonhisfirstdayofwork. C.Heoftenbringshiscattowork.3.Whatdoesthemanmean? A.Hehadalotofhelp. B.Heishungrynow. C.Theworkiseasyforhim.4.Whydoesthemanaskthewomantohelphimpainthisbedroom? A.Hisbrothercan’tdoit. B.Thewomanisreallygoodatpainting. C.Hisarmisbroken.5.Wheremighttheman’sbackpackbe? A.Heiswearingit. B.It’satschool. C.Clairehasit.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhywasLorettaonthenews? A.ShewroteasongfortheTVstation.B.Shewonamusiccontest.C.Shesangasongforcharity.7.Whatdoesshethinkofsinging?A.Itwillmakeherfamousoneday.B.Itgiveshergreatpleasure.C.Ittakestoomuchofhertime.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhogaveLilyhernewrollerskates? A.Mr.Benjamin. B.Herbrother. C.Heruncle.9.WhatdoesLilyhavetodosoherbrotherwilltakehertogoskating?A.Getbetteratrollerskating.B.HelpMr.Benjamin.C.Dowellinschooluntilwinterbreak.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatwerethespeakerssupposedtodotoday? A.Getreadyforaparty. B.Wearthesameclothes. C.Dosomethingfortheirclassmates.11.Howdidthewomangetherproblemsolved? A.Sheaskedherscienceteacherforhelp. B.Themangaveheranextrasweater. C.Shehurriedhometofetchherthings.12.Whatdidthemanforget? A.Hisbirthday. B.SchoolSpiritDay. C.Thedayoftheweek.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoarethespeakers? A.Students. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Coachandplayer.14.Howdidthemanreactwhenhesawthewomandancing? A.Hewasannoyed. B.Hewasinspired. C.Hewassurprised.15.Howdoesthemanusuallyexercise? A.Helikestorideabicycle.B.Helikestoplaysoccer. C.Helikestorun.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext? A.Studyforatest.B.Gotothegymtogether.C.Showeachothertheirmoves.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatarepeoplelikenowadays,accordingtothespeaker?A.Theyaretoolazytocook.B.Theypreferfastfood.C.Theyareinahurryeveryday.18.Whatdomostpeoplewanttodo? A.Enjoyhome-madedisheswithfamilies. B.Eatoutmorewithfriends. C.StartfoodbusinessontheInternet.19.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledo? A.Findagoodrestaurantintheirneighborhood. B.Cookhealthymealsathome. C.Orderfoodonline.20.Whatkindoftalkisthespeakergiving? Alectureonfoodandhealth. B.Anadvertisementforafoodwebsite. C.Thedevelopmentofcooking第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ABCD）中，选出最佳选项。ACanyouresistcreamcakes?Imissmysugar!I’vedecidedtoloseweightandIhadtogiveupcakes.It’sdifficultbecauseIhaveasweettoothandIlovecreamcakes.Nothavingtreatscanbegoodforyourhealth.I’veheardthattheBurts,afamilyoffiveinSouthEastEngland，livedsugarfreeforawholeyearaftertheyfoundouttheirdaughterhaddiabetes(糖尿病).Itwasn’teasy.Toavoidtemptation,Idon’tgotoanybakeries,butthisfamilyactuallyownsone,whichmakesupto3,000cakesaweek.Theywereinshockwhenthedoctorsaidthattheir16-year-oldLucyhadtocheckherbloodsugarlevelsregularlyandtakeinsulin(胰岛素).Headvisedhertoeatanormal,balanceddiet,buttheBurtswentfurtherandgotridofsugaraltogether.Andhowdoesitfeeltolivewithoutsugarforawhile?JasonBurtsaidthatforamonththeyfeltweak.Butlateronitallchanged.Hesayshefeels“moreawake”andfullofenergy.AndwhatabouttheBurtfamilybusiness?Ithadtokeepusinghalfatonofsugaraweekandanycookworthhissaltknowsthatyouhavetotastearecipetoknowifit’sright.Noproblemthere,saysJasonBurt’swife,Clare.Shepointsoutthatshe’sgotlotsofpeopleofferingtotastethecakesforthem.Thefamilyisalsothinkingaboutsellingmoredeliciousproducts.Iwonderwhatmakesushaveastrongdesireforsweetfood.Anyway,I’vedecidedtoforgetaboutthesweettasteofsugarforawhile.AsBritishmodelKateMosssays：“Nothingtastesasgoodasskinnyfeels.”21.Fromthepassage,whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Theauthorrunsabakery. B.Theauthorhatessweettaste.C.Theauthorisonadiet. D.Theauthor’sdaughterhaddiabetes.22.WhatdidtheBurtsdoafterhearingthedoctor’sadvice? A.Theywereshocked. B.Theywenttoofaraboutit. C.Theyusedhalfatonofsugaraweek. D.Theyavoidedsugarcompletely.23.Fromthepassagewecanlearnitisnecessaryforacook A.tomakeupto3,000cakesaweek B.totastearecipetoknowifit’sright C.togetlotsofpeopleofferingtotastethecakes D.tosellingmoredeliciousproducts24.WhatdoesthesentencebyKateMossmean? A.Itisworthwhiletoresistfoodtolookskinny. B.Thereisnothingtastingasgoodassweets. C.Nothingtastesgoodwhentheskinfeelsterrible. D.Nobodycanresistthedesireforsweets.BAsInternetusersbecomemoredependentontheInternettostoreinformation,arepeoplerememberingless?Ifyouknowyourcomputerwillsaveinformation,whystoreitinyourownpersonalmemory,yourbrain?ExpertsarewonderingiftheInternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.Inarecentstudy,ProfessorBetsySparrowconductedsomeexperiments.SheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowhowtheInternetischangingmemory.Inthefirstexperiment,theygavepeople40unimportantfactstotypeintoacomputer.Thefirstgroupofpeopleunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldsavetheinformation.Thesecondgroupunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldnotsaveit.Later,thesecondgrouprememberedtheinformationbetter.Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain,sotheydidnottrytorememberit.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersgavepeoplefactstoremember,andtoldthemwheretofindtheinformationonthecomputer.Theinformationwasinaspecificcomputerfolder(文件夹).Surprisingly,peoplelaterrememberedthefolderlocation(位置)betterthanthefacts.WhenpeopleusetheInternet,theydonotremembertheinformation.Rather,theyrememberhowtofindit.Thisiscalled“transactivememory(交互记忆)．”AccordingtoSparrow,wearenotbecomingpeoplewithpoormemoriesasaresultoftheInternet.Instead,computerusersaredevelopingstrongertransactivememories;thatis,peoplearelearninghowtoorganizehugequantitiesofinformationsothattheyareabletoaccessitatalaterdate.Thisdoesn'tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.25．Thepassagebeginswithtwoquestionsto.A．introducethemaintopic B．showtheauthor'sattitudeC．describehowtousetheInternet D．explainhowtostoreinformation26．Whatcanwelearnaboutthefirstexperiment?A．TheSparrow'steamtypedtheinformationintoacomputer.B．Thetwogroupsrememberedtheinformationequallywell.C．Thefirstgroupdidnottrytoremembertheinformation.D．Thesecondgroupdidnotunderstandtheinformation.27．Intransactivememory,people.A．keeptheinformationinmindB．changethequantityofinformationC．organizeinformationlikeacomputerD．rememberhowtofindtheinformation28．WhatistheeffectoftheInternetaccordingtoSparrow'sresearch?A．Weareusingmemorydifferently.B．Wearebecomingmoreintelligent.C．Wehavepoorermemoriesthanbefore.D．Weneedabetterwaytoaccessinformation.COneofthegreatestgiftsonegenerationcangivetoothergenerationsisthewisdomithasgainedfromexperience.Thisideahasinspiredtheaward-winningphotographerAndrewZuckerman.Heinterviewedandtookphotosoffiftyover-sixty-five-year-oldsallovertheworld.Hisprojectexploresvariousaspectsoftheirlives.Thephotosandinterviewsarenowavailableonourwebsite.Clickontheintroductionstoreadthecompleteinterviews.一FedericoMayorZaragozaobtainedadoctorateinpharmacy(药学）fromtheComplutenseUni-versityofMadridin1958.Aftermanyyearsspentinpolitics,hebecameDirector-GeneralofUNESCOin1987.In1999，hecreatedtheFoundationforaCultureofPeace,ofwhichheisnowthepresident.Inadditiontomanyscientificpublications,hehaspublishedfourcollectionsofpoemsandseveralbooksofessays.一Duetoaweakheart,NadineGordimerattendedschoolanduniversitybriefly.Shereadwidelyandbeganwritingatanearlyage.Shepublishedherfirstshortstoryattheageoffifteen,andhascompletedalargenumberofworks,whichhavebeentranslatedintofortylanguages.In1991GordimerwontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.DaveBrubeckstudiedmusicattheUniversityofthePacificandgraduatedin1942.AfterWorldWarTwohewasencouragedtoplayjazz.In1951,herecordedhisfirstalbum(专辑).Brubeck’s1959albumhasbecomeajazzstandard.HereceivedaGrammyLifetimeAchievementAwardin1996.FormorefiguresCLICKHERE.29.WhydidAndrewZuckermanchoosethefiftyeldersforhisproject? A.Becausetheiraccomplishmentsinspiredhim. B.Becausetheyarephysicallyimpressive. C.Becausetheirwisdomdeservestobepassedon. D.Becausetheyhavesimilarexperiences.30.Accordingtothewebpage,FedericoMayorZaragoza. A.haswonmanyawardsforhisworkinpolitics B.hasservedasthepresidentofauniversity C.hasdevotedallhislifetothefieldofscience D.hasmadeachievementsindifferentareas31.Whomostprobablysaid“Myeducationhasbeenthelibraryandbooks”intheinterviewwhenre-flectingonhis/herexperience? A.AndrewZuckerman. B.FedericoMayorZaragoza. C.NadineGordimer. D.DaveBrubeck.32.Whatisthemainpurposeofthiswebpage? A.TopublicizeZuckerman’sproject. B.ToshowZuckerman’sawards. C.Tospreadthewisdomofthethreepeople. D.Tocelebratetheachievementsofthethreepeople.Asearlyasthemid-18thcentury,somepeoplebeganraisingdoubtsaboutMarcoPolo’stravels.In1995,historianFrancesWoodarguedinherbookDidMarcoPoloGotoChina?thatthefamousexplorerfromVenicenevermadeittopasstheBlackSea.ShenotedthathistraveljournalleftouttheGreatWallofChina,chopsticksandteadrinkingamongotherdetails.Furthermore,ChinesedocumentsfromPolo’sdaymadenomentionoftheexplorerandhismen.Lastyear,ateamofItalianresearchersbecamethelatesttochallengePolo’saccounts.Theysaidthatevidencedidn’tsupporthisdescriptionofKublaiKhan’sJapaneseinvasions(侵略）.Now,however,researchbyHansUlrichVogelofGermany’sTubingenUniversitymighthelpproveMarcoPolowastrue.InanewbookMarcoPoloWasinChina，theprofessorofChinesehistorytriestoprovethatMarcoPolospokethetruth.Hesuggests,forexample,thatPolodidn’tincludetheGreatWallinhisbookbecauseitonlyachieveditsgreatimportanceintheMingDynastyseveralhun-dredyearslater.VogelfurtherexplainsthatChineserecordsfromthe13thand14thcenturiesavoidedsettingdownvisitsfromWesterners.Historiansbeforehimhavetouchedontheseissues.ButVogelalsoreliesonanotherevidence:theexplorer’sverydetaileddescriptionsofcurrencyandsaltproductionintheYuanDynasty.Accord-ingtoVogel,PolodocumentedtheseaspectsofMongolChinesecultureingreaterdetailthananyoth-erofhistime.ThisisahintthatPoloreliedonhisownpowersofobservation.WillweeverknowwhetherMarcoPolotraveledtoChina?Perhapsnot,buttheconsequencesofhisrealorfictionaljourneyarestillfeltacrosstheglobe.OnereaderofThetravelsofMarcoPolowasChristopherColumbus,whosteppedupontheNewWorldwhilefollowinghisidol’sfootsteps.33.FranceWooddoubtedMarcoPolo’stravel’stoChinabecausehisdescription. A.missedsomeimportantcultureofChinaB.coveredsomuchabouttraders’life C.wasfullofobviousmistakes D.seemedlessdetailed34.Vogel’strustonMarcoPoloisbasedontheargumentthat. a.TheGreatWalldidn’tgainitsimportancethen b.RecordsintheYuanDynastymentionedPolo c.Polomentionedthecurrencyandsalt d.Polo’sotherworksarebelievable e.Polorecordedwhathesawingreatdetail A.a,b,d B.a,c,d C.a,e D.b，cWhichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthetext?ABCD第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyouahappyperson?Howoftendoyouthinkofreasonswhyeveryonearoundyouissuccessfulthoughtheyarenotbetterthanyouingeneral?Whatdoyoudowrong?Herearesomethingsyoushouldstopdoingtobesuccessful.1.36Differentpeoplemayinterpret“success”indifferentways：someofthemmeasureitinmoney,otherones—inpositivechangestopeoplearoundthemandtheworldingeneral.37Don’tworryaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkbutcomeafterwhatmakesyouhappy.38Theyarecriticalthinkers,andtheyunderstandthatweallareruledbyourprejudices,sotheywillalwaysquestionnewinformation.Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,stopthinkingabouteverythingthatMAYhappentoyou.39Bereadytoimproveandchangeyourdeedsanddecisionswhenthingssuddenlydon’tgoaccordingtoyourplan.40Yourattemptstobecome“good”foreveryonewillturnintonothingbutnewworries,stresses,andproblems.Successfulpeopledonotconcentrateonthequantityofpeopletoplease,butworryabouttheirqualityandfocusondevelopingfriendshipswithpeopletheyreallycareabout.A.Donotwaitforthe“righttime”todoanything.B.Donotletothersdecidewhat“success”isforyou.C.Successfulpeopledonotjustacceptanynewinformationtobetrue.D.Asfarasweallknow,it’simpossibletopleaseallthepeoplewhosurroundus.E.Trytofeelcomfortablewiththerealityandacceptthefactyourfuturecan’tbepredicted.F.Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,donotletothersforcetheirinterpretationofsuccessonyou.G.Successfulpeopleneverignoreoravoidproblems，nomatterhowbigandawfultheyseem.第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Yaster,aninternationalstudent,firstmetSteveintheirchemistryclassatanAmericanuniversity41.Steve

seemedveryfriendly.Healways42Yaserwarmly

before

class.Sometimeshe43tostudywithhim.He44invitedYasertoeatlunchwithhim.Butafterthetermwasover,Steveseemed45andthetwoformerclassmatesdidn'tseeeachotherverymuchatschool.OnedayYaserdecidedto

callSteve,butStevedidn'tseemveryinterestedin46tohim.Yaserwas47bySteve’schangeofattitude.Yastercomplained,“Ithoughtfriendswerefriendsforever.”Asa48,hedoesn’tunderstandthewayAmericansviewfriendship.Americanusetheword“friend”inavery49way.Theymaycallbothcasualacquaintancesandclose50“friends”.Thesefriendsare__51__commoninterests.Whenthe_52___activityends,thefriendshipmayfade.NowasSteveandYasterarenolongerclassmates,their“friendship”has53Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansastronglife-long54betweentwopeople.Intheseculturesfriendshipsdevelopslowly,sincetheyarebuiltto55.ButAmericansocietyisoneofrapidchange.StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmericanfamiliesmoveseveryyear,andthusAmericanfriendshipsmaychangejust56quickly.PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendlyandtheyoften57easilywithstrangers.ButAmericanfriendlinessisnot58anofferoftruefriendship.Afteranexperience59Yaster’s,peoplewho’vebeeninthiscountryforonlyafewmonthsmayconsiderAmericanstobeunreliable.LearninghowAmericans60friendshipcanhelpnon-Americansavoidmisunderstandings.ItcanalsohelpthemmakefriendstheAmericanway.41.A.Asusual B.Atfirst C.Infact D.Inshort42.A.invited B.helped C.guided D.greeted43.A.agreed B.promised C.offered D.expected44.A.even B.again C.suddenly D.still45.A.special B.distant C.upset D.rude46.A.explaining B.returning C.turning D.talking47.A.frightened B.misled C.hurt D.controlled48.A.stranger B.foreigner C.friend D.student49.A.quick B.complex C.general D.formal50.A.companions B.families C.relatives D.passers-by51.A.developedinto B.aimedat C.basedon D.meantfor52.A.varied B.planned C.prepared D.shared53.A.started B.changed C.separated D.developed54.A.bond B.happiness C.duty D.influence55.A.last B.fade C.help D.match56.A.so B.for C.more D.as57.A.meet B.break C.chat D.live58.A.only B.just C.indeedD.always59.A.with B.like C.on D.from60.A.view B.start C.end D.keep第II卷（非选择题，50分）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Noonelovesmemorethanmyparents,especiallymyfather.Myfatherisstoutandstrong,61aseverelookonhisfaceandkeenexpressiveeyes.Atfirstsightyoumayfeelhimhard62(approach).Infactheisverykindandconsiderate.Ibelievemyfatherisa63(talent)man.Heisdecisiveandefficientindoingthings.Byhisowntalentsandyearsofefforts,he64(provide)hisfamilywithagoodsocialpositionanda65(relative)richlife.Besides,helivesinharmonywithothersandneverquarrelswithanyone,sopeoplefromallwalksoflifecometomyhouse，from66I’vegainedlotsofsocialexperiences.Butathomeheisastrictparentwhoishardonmeandhashigh67(expectation)ofme.Icanseethatmyidlingawaytime68(hurt)himdeeply,whileifIhavedonesomethinggreatandmeaningful,suchas69(write)abook,hewillbemoreexcitedthanme.IalwaysremindmyselfImustgoonandon,andnever70Igiveuphalfway.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。YesterdayourclubheldanEnglishspeechcontest,whichthemeis“ChallengeMyself”.Alargenumberofstudentsattendedtothecontestandshowedtheirwonderfulperformances.Inthestage,thoughfacegreatpressure,thespeakersbravelyovercameitandchallengedthemtoachievegreatsuccess.What’smore,theyimpressedusdeepwiththeirunusualconfidencesandperformances.Throughsuchactivity,weknowalotmoreaboutourstudents.Butwehavegainedmuch,suchasself-confidenceandhonor.Besides,ourclubwasgrowingstronger.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你校学生会在全校招募志愿者，为即将在你校举行的国际友好学校教育论坛服务。请用英文写一封邮件申请参加。主要内容包括：2.自我介绍；3.希望获准。注意：1.词数100左右；2.文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数；3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam，Withallmybestregards.Yourssincerely,LiHua

波峰中学2016-2017学年度第一学期11月调研考试高三英语试题参考答案第一部分听力1-5AACAA6-10BBCAB11-15BAACB16-20ACACB第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）A篇阅读21-24CDBAB篇阅读25-28ACDAC篇阅读29-32CDCAD篇阅读33-35ACB第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）36–40BFCED第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）完形填空41-45BDCAB46-50DCBCA51-55CDBAA56-60DCDBA【解析】试题分析：本文属于文化类阅读，通过叙述国际生Yaster与美国学生Steve之间的友谊变化过程，向读者阐述了美国人的友谊观。42.D考查动词辨析。动词invite邀请；help帮助；guide指导；greet问候，打招呼；在上课之前Steve总是热情地问候Yaster。ABC三项的动词含义和语境不符。43.C考查上下文串联。本句仍然在叙述Steve起初的时候对Yaster很热情，所以“offer主动提出...”他主动提出和Yaster一起学习。与上下文语境相符。故C正确。44.A考查副词辨析。副词even甚至；again再次；suddenly突然；still仍然；本句表示递进关系，Steve甚至邀请Yaster和他一起吃饭。其余三项不能表示Steve对他的热情。故A正确。45.B考查上下文串联。根据后两句可知后来他们在学校里见面很少，Yaster给Steve打电话，Steve似乎也不想和他多说。说明Steve对Yaster疏远了，所以使用形容词distant"疏远的"。故B正确。46.D考查动词短语辨析。动词explain是及物动词，不能直接和介词to连用；returnto返回；turnto转向，向...求助；talkto和...交谈；句意：Yaster打电话给Steve，Steve似乎没有和他谈话的兴趣。与上题的distant像一致。故D正确。47.C考查常识。当Yaster主动打电话给对方，但是对方似乎不愿意和他多说，这让他感觉很受伤。所以使用hurt，指Yaster在情感上受到伤害。当我们主动联系对方，对方爱理不理，主动一方感觉受伤是正常的事情。故C正确。48.B考查上下文串联。根据文章第一句中“aninternationalstudent”可知Yaster是一个来自国外的国际生，他并不是美国人，所以也不理解美国人看待友谊的方法。故B正确。49.C考查形容词辨析。形容词quick迅速的；complex复杂的；general通常的，一般的，平常的；formal正式的；美国人用一种很平常的方式使用“朋友”这个词，并没有特别的含义。从下文可知美国人把很多人都称之为朋友，“friend”是一个很常见的词。故C正确。50.A考查名词辨析。名词companion同伴，伴侣；family家人，家庭；relative亲戚；passer-by过路人；美国人把无意遇见的人和关系很亲密的同伴都称之为朋友。再次证明美国人眼里的“朋友”并没有特殊的含义。故A正确。学科网51.C考查固定搭配。短语beaimedat...以...为目的；bebasedon以...为基础；所谓志同道合，也就是说朋友是以相同的兴趣爱好为基础的。故C正确。52.D上下文串联。根据上句中的commoninterest共同的兴趣，说明朋友们之间有都喜欢的活动，所以使用形容词shared共用的，共享的；当朋友们之间都喜欢的活动结束的时候，友谊的基础也就不存在了，所以美国人的友谊也就慢慢消退了。故D正确。53.B考查上下文串联。根据第一段内容可知随着Steve和Yaster不再是同学了，他们之间的友谊也就改变了。所以使用“changed改变了的”。故B正确。54.A考查名词辨析。名词bond联系；happiness幸福；duty责任；influence影响；本句中的bond和relationship是近义词，在有些文化中，