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2023高考英语模拟试卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)1.Whetherthebuildingsinthisareashouldbepulleddownhasremained____;peoplearestilllookingforotherpossiblesolutions.A.unchallenged B.relevantC.controversial D.contradictory2.CareersAdviceserviceisonlyavailabletopeopleonday-timecourses.A.tostudy B.studyC.studied D.studying3.Don’trefertothedictionaryeverytimeyoucomeacrossanewwordassometimesitsmeaningmaybe_______clearlyinagivencontext.A.pickedout B.ruledout C.broughtout D.takenout4.Theroom______10metresacrossislargeenoughforasinglemantolivein.A.measuring B.measures C.tobemeasured D.measured5.Haveyougotthesejeansin________largersize?Thispairisabittoosmallaround________waist.A.a;the B./;theC.the;/ D.a;a6.Salesdirectorisaposition_______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassaleskills.A.which B.thatC.when D.where7.Localslivedinrather________conditionsuntilthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949.A.precious B.primitiveC.precise D.prior8.He________inauniversityforfiveyears,butnowherunsacompanyofhisown.A.hastaught B.hadtaughtC.taught D.hasbeenteaching9._____howtogetalongwithothersisveryimportantinsuccess.A.KnowB.KnownC.HavingknownD.Knowing10.—DidyoumeetMr.Smith?—Yes.WhenIarrived,he________forNewYorktoattendapressconference.A.wasjustleaving B.justleftC.justleaves D.hadjustleft11.________enoughmoney,theyoungmanwasunabletobuyhisgirlfriendexpensivejewelry.A.Nottosave B.NotsavingC.Nothavingsaved D.Notsaved12.Incontrastwiththeliberalsocialclimateofthepresent,traditionsinthepastwererelatively______.A.competitiveB.comprehensiveC.creativeD.conservative13.Followingthegirl,wewentintoahall;on__________wallshungafewpicturesofsomefamousscientists.A.itsB.whichC.whoseD.those14.Itwasinthatsmallhouse________wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather________hespenthischildhood.A.that;where B.which;thatC.which;which D.that;which15.—Howwasyourjobinterview?—Verysuccessful.I________myhomeworkaboutthecompany,youknow.A.haddoneB.havedoneC.didD.wasdoing16.Theboythefirstprize,buthewassocarelessastomakeafoolishmistake.A.musthavegained B.needhavegainedC.couldhavegained D.shallhavegained17.—WhatisyourimpressionofyourformercolleagueNick?—He’shelpful,andhe________giveusahandatwork.A.must B.wouldC.may D.should18.—HowareyougettingalongwithyourGerman,Kate?—Oh,Mr.Black,I’msotiredofit.MaybeIshoulddropout_____itkillsme.A.when B.after C.while D.before19.Youcanneverbe________whencrossingthestreet.A.verycareful B.toocareful C.carefullyenough D.enoughcareful20.______whathadhappened,theyknewIwouldstruggleandsimplywantedtohelpbecauseitwastherightthingtodo.A.Hearing B.Tohaveheard C.Havingheard D.Heard第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。21.(6分)ManyofushavewonderedwhatEarthislikebeneaththesurface.Sohavewritersandscientists.InFrenchnovelistJulesVerne’smasterpieceJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth,explorersgodowntoEarth’scenteranddiscoveramazingwonders.Butinreallife,humanbeingshaven’tevencomeclosetotheplanet’score(核心).Thecoreisover6,000kmdown.Thedeepestholeevercreated,accordingtotheBBC,istheKolaSuperdeepBoreholeinRussia,whichonlygoes12.3kmdown.Sohowdoweknowabouteverythingdownbelowwithoutanysamples?OnegoodwaytostartistothinkabouttheEarth’sdensity(密度),SimonRedfernoftheUniversityofCambridgeintheUKtoldtheBBC.“ThedensityofthematerialonEarth’ssurfaceismuchlowerthantheaveragedensityofthewholeEarth,sothattellsusthere’ssomethingthathasgreaterdensity,”Redfernsaid.Thechallengeistofindoutwhichheavymaterialsthecoreismadeof.Andthemainmaterialscientistshavefoundisiron.TheideaisthatwhenEarthformed4.5billionyearsago,alotofironmadeitswaydowntothecore,takingupabout80percentofit.Todayscientistsarestillworkingonfindingoutwhichothermaterialsthecorecouldbemadeupof.Youmightalsowonderhowweknowthesizeofthecore.There’saone-wordanswer:seismology(地震学).Whenanearthquakehappens,seismicstationsaroundtheworldrecordtheshockwavesitsendsthroughouttheplanet.It’slikehittingonesideoftheplanetwithahugehammerandlisteningontheothersideforthenoise.Earlyresearchfoundthatsomeshockwaves,called“S-waves”,wentmissing.S-wavescanonlytravelthroughsolidmaterial,butnotthroughliquid,sotheymusthavefoundsomethingmolteninEarth’scenter.ByfollowingtheS-waves’paths,scientistsfoundoutthatrocksbecameliquidaround3,000kmdown.TherearestillmanyquestionsabouttheEarth’scoretoanswer.Butthestudyofthedarkworldbelowisn’tjustforscientists’curiosity.ThemovementofEarth’smoltenironcorebuildsupapowerfulmagnetic(有磁力的)field.ItprotectsusfromradiationfromthesunandisneededforcompassesandGPSsystemstowork.Soperhapsnoneofuswilleverseteyesonthecore,butit’sgoodtoknowit’sthere.1、TheauthormentionsJulesVerne’snovelJourneytotheCenteroftheEarthinthefirstparagraphto.A.discussthepossibilityofgoingdowntoEarth’scenterB.showhowmuchhumanshavediscoveredaboutEarthC.paintapictureinourimaginationofthedarkworldbelowD.showhumans’deepinterestinEarth’scenter2、Wecanlearnfromthearticlethat“S-waves”.A.areoftenusedtopredictearthquakesB.cannottravelthroughliquidmaterialC.arethemostnoticeableshockwavesproducedbyearthquakesD.cantravelmostrapidlyat3,000kilometersbelowEarth’ssurface3、Wecaninferfromthelastthreeparagraphsthat.A.researchintoEarth’scorehashardlymadeanyprogressinrecentyearsB.improvementsinGPSsystemscouldhelppeoplefindoutmoreaboutEarthC.Earth’scorehelpstoprotecthumansfromharmD.scientistsarelikelytoreachEarth’scenterwithindozensofyears22.(8分)Wecanhaveconflictswithourimportantpersonslikefriends,relatives,workmates,etc.Buttheconflictsdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthattherelationshipwillbedestroyed.Infact,sometimesconflicthelpspeopletoletouttheirsilentfeelings,allowingthemtofreetheirsuppressedemotions.However,wheninaconflict,weusuallygetangryandsayordothingswhicharen’tlinkedtotheproblemathand.Therefore,itisimportantthatweshouldtrytoavoidconflictsthrougheffectivecommunication.Inaheatedargument,weusuallysaythingsthataren’trelatedtotherealproblem,andevenuserudewordstomakesurewegainanadvantageovertheotherperson.Thenthewholesituationgoesbadly.Soweshouldseparate(隔离)therootcauseoftheproblemandbuildourdiscussionaroundit.Thisensuresthattherearenoruderemarksandthesituationmovesinapositivedirection.It’seasyforustothinkwe’rerightandifsomethingisn’tworkingout,itsurelymustbesomeoneelse’sfault.However,ifyouaimtosolveaconflict,firstofall,youshouldshowsomerespectandallowtheotherpartytoexpressthemselves.Usingremarkslike,“Iunderstandyourconcernonthis”or“Iknowyou’rerightatyourend”,wouldmaketheotherpersonfeelmoreappreciated.Sometimessomepeoplegettooexcitedandmaybehaveinthewrongwayorsaysomethingothersmaynotappreciate.Thiscancauseaworsesituation.Actually,theyshouldcontroltheiremotionsandkeepcalm.Thishastobelearnedthroughself-controlandobservingbehaviorofotherpeople.Thetipsmentionedaboveareusefulformostsituations.However,wedon’truleoutthepossibilitythattherearesomepeoplealwayswanttocreatesomesortoftroubleforothers.Youcantellthemfromothers,andputtinginanefforttoresolveaconflictwiththemmayjustnotbeawiseidea.Thebestwaytodealwiththesepeopleistoforgetthem.Afamoussayingcanhelpyouandthatis:“Youshouldneverfightwithapig;youbothgetdirtyandonlythepiglikesit.”1、WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Conflictsmayhelpusdealwithouremotions.B.Conflictscanimproveourrelationswithothersgreatly.C.Effectivecommunicationcanhelpusavoidconflictsundoubtedly.D.Theclosertwofriendsare,themoreconflictsarebetweenthem.2、Whenmakingdiscussionstosolveconflicts,weshould.A.knowothers’personalqualityB.knowothers’abilityofexpressionC.avoidshowingourdisadvantagesD.avoidtherootcauseoftheproblem3、Theauthorsuggeststhatwhenpeoplegettooexcited,theyshould.A.behavelikeotherpeopleB.controlthesituationC.learntokeeptheirheadD.saysomethingunconcerned4、Intheauthor’sopinion,howshouldyoudealwiththosewhoalwayswanttocreatetroubleforyou?A.Fightwiththem.B.Ignorethem.C.Haveatalkwiththem.D.Givethemsomethingtheylike.23.(8分)Imagineacatthatdoesnotneedsomeonetocleanupafteritkeepsanolderpersoncompanyandhelpthemremembertotaketheirmedicine.ThatistheshareddreamofthetoymakerHasbroandscientistsatBrownUniversityinProvidence,RhodeIsland.Theresearchersreceiveda$3-nillion-dollarawardfromtheNationalScienceFoundationforaspecialproject.Theywanttofindwaystoaddartificialintelligence,orA.I.,toHasbro’s“JoyforAll”roboticcat.Thecathasalreadybeenforsalefortwoyears.Thoughpricedover1000dollars,itsoldquitewell.Itwasmeanttoactasa“companion”forolderpeople.Nowtheprojectisaimedatdevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.ResearchersatBrown’sHumanity-CenteredRoboticsInitiativeareworkingtodecidewhichactivitiesolderadultsmayneedthemost.Theyhopetomakethecatperformasmallnumberofactivitiesverywell.Suchactivitiesincludefindinglostobjectsandremindingthepersontotakemedicineorvisittheirdoctor.Theyalsowanttokeepthecostdowntojustafewhundreddollars.ItisanideathathasappealedtoJeanneElliot.Her93-year-oldmotherMaryDerrliveswithherinSouthKingstown.Derrhasdementia(痴呆).TheboyforAllcatthatElliotboughtthisyearhasbecomeatruecompanionforDerr.ThecatstayswithDerrandkeepshercalmwhileEliotisatwork.Elliotsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertoremembertotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenhewalkswouldbegreater.Theresearchersaretryingtolearnhowtheimprovedcatswillcompletehelpfulactivitiesandhowtheywillcommunicate.Theysaythattheydonotwantatalkingcat,however.Insteadtheyaretryingtodesignacatthatcanmoveitsheadinaspecialwaytosuccessfullycommunicateitsmessage.Intheend,theyhopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanandthecatinwhichthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnessamongelderlypeople.1、What’sthepurposeoftheproject?A.Torelievethepainoftheelderly.B.Topromotethesalesofamedicine.C.Tohelpmaketheroboticcatsmarter.D.Toinventaroboticcatfortheelderly.2、Comparedwiththeoldmodel,thenewroboticcatwillbe________.A.cheaperB.smallerC.moretalkativeD.moreexpensive3、WhatdoesParagraph3intendtotellus?A.Themorefunctionsofthecat,thebetter.B.Thecatgivesmuchhelptotheelderly.C.Thereisnocurefordementiaatpresent.D.MaryDerrwouldhavediedwithoutthecat.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thefeelingofbeingneededisvitaltotheelderly.B.Eachfamilycanaffordsuchacatinthefuture.C.Atalkingcatisquitepopularamongtheelderly.D.Feelingsofsadnessamongtheelderlyareunavoidable.24.(8分)Conformityinvolveschangingyourbehaviourto“fitin”or“goalong”withthepeoplearoundyou.Insomecases,thissocialinfluencemightinvolveagreeingwithoractinglikethemajorityofpeopleinaspecificgroup,orinvolvebehavinginaparticularwaytobeviewedas“normal”bythegroup.Actually,conformityissomethingthathappensregularlyinoursocialworld.Sometimeswe’reawareofourbehaviour,butinmanycasesithappenswithoutmuchthoughtorawarenessonourparts.Andeveninsomecaseswegoalongwiththingswedisagreewithorbehaveinwaysweknowweshouldn’t.Therearecountlessexamplesofconformityinlife.Forinstance,ateenagerdressesinacertainstylebecausehewantstofitinwiththerestoftheteenagersinhissocialgroup.Awomanreadsabookforherbookclubandreallyenjoysit.Whensheattendsherbookclubmeeting,theothermembersalldislikethebook.Ratherthangoagainstthegroupopinion,shesimplyagreeswiththeothersthatthebookisterrible.Whydoweconform?Inmanycases,lookingtotherestofthegroupforcluesforhowweshouldbehavecanactuallybehelpful.Othersmighthavegreaterknowledgeorexperiencethanwedo,sofollowingtheirleadcanactuallybeinstructive.Andinsomecases,weconformtotheexpectationsofthegrouptoavoidlookingfoolish.Thistendencycanbecomeespeciallystronginsituationswherewearen’tquitesurehowtoact.Additionally,therearesomesituationswhereweconformjustinordertoavoidpunishmentsorgainrewards.Therearemanyfactorsthatinfluenceconformity.Forexample,notknowinghowtoperformadifficulttaskmakespeoplemorelikelytoconform.Personalcharacteristicssuchasmotivationtoachieveandstrongleadershipabilitiesarelinkedwithadecreasedtendencytoconform.Andpeoplearemorelikelytoconforminsituationsthatinvolvebetweenthreeandfiveotherpeople.1、Whatcanwelearnaboutconformityfromthefirstparagraph?A.Actuallyitisrareforustoconform.B.Blindconformityshouldbecriticized.C.Sometimespeopletendtoconformunconsciously.D.Conformitymeanschangingyourbehaviourreluctantly.2、Whichofthefollowingisacaseofconformity?A.Joiningacertainorganization.B.Followingtheongoingfashion.C.Sharingsomethingpersonalwithothers.D.Givingupyourcreativeideascautiously.3、Whenarewemostlikelytoconformaccordingtothetext?A.Whenweareataloss.B.Whenwearerejected.C.Whenwefeelthreatened.D.Whenwefeeluncomfortable.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Conformitycannotbeavoidedbyanyone.B.Conformityislinkedtothesizeofthegroup.C.Conformityisanaturalresponsetochallenges.D.Conformityisn’trelatedtoindividualdifferences.25.(10分)Researcherscontinuetoshowthepowerbehindoursenseofsmell.Recentstudieshavefound,amongotherthings,thatthesmelloffoodslikepizzacancauseuncontrollableangerindriversonroads.Thereviewexplainsthatsmellisuniqueinitseffectsonthebrain.AccordingtoConradKing,theresearcherwhocarriedoutthereview,“morethananyothersenses,thesenseofsmellgoesthroughthelogicalpartofthebrainandactsonthesystemsconcernedwithfeelings.Thisiswhythesmellofbakingbreadcandestroythebestintentionsofadieter.”Smell,whichdictates(决定)theunbelievablecomplexityoffoodtastes,hasalwaysbeentheleastunderstoodofoursenses.Ournosesareabletodetectupto10,000distinctsmells.Ourabilitytosmellandtastethisextremelylargerangeofsmellsiscontrolledbysomethinglike1,000genes(基因),whichmakeupanamazing3%ofthehumangenome.ResearchersRichardAxelandLindaBuckweretogetherawardedaNobelPrizein2004fortheirground-breakingresearchonthenatureofthisextraordinarysense.Thesetwoscientistswerethefirsttodescribethefamilyof1,000olfactory(嗅觉)genesandtoexplainhowourolfactorysystemworks.Accordingtoonestudyintheresearchreview,smellingfreshpizzaoreventhepackagingoffastfoodscanbeenoughtomakedriversfeelimpatientwithotherroadusers.Theyarethenmorelikelytospeedandexperienceuncontrollableangeronroads.Themostreasonableexplanationisthatthesecanallmakedriversfeelhungry,andthereforedesperatetosatisfytheirappetites.Incontrast,thesmellsofpeppermintandcinnamonwereshowntoimproveconcentrationlevelsaswellasreducedrivers’impatience.Similarly,thesmellsoflemonandcoffeeappearedtopromoteclearthinkingandmentalfocus.However,thewaygenesregulatesmelldiffersfrompersontoperson.AstudybyresearchersinIsraelhasidentifiedatleast50olfactorygeneswhichareswitchedoninsomepeopleandnotinothers.Theybelievethismayexplainwhysomeofuslovesomesmellsandtasteswhileothershatethem.TheIsraelresearcherssaytheirstudyshowsthatnearlyeveryhumanbeingshowsadifferentpatternofactiveandinactivesmell-detectingreceptors.1、WhatdidRichardAxelandLindaBuckfindout?A.Thetypeoffoodsmells.B.Thelogicalpartofhumanbrain.C.Thenatureofhumanolfactorysystem.D.Therelationshipbetweenfoodandfeelings.2、Whichofthefollowingcanhelppeopleconcentrate?A.Bread.B.Pizza.C.Coffee.D.Fastfood.3、Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Somepeoplecanrecognizeupto50smells.B.Everypersonhasadifferentpatternofgenes.C.Differentpeoplearesensitivetodifferentsmells.D.Therearestillsomeolfactorygenestobefoundout.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Logicandbehavior.B.Smellanditsinfluence.C.Senseabilityandfoodtastes.D.Olfactorygenesanditssystem.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节)第一节(每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.26.(30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihavebeendrivingforover30,years,butIcanrememberwhathappenedthatdaywhenIdroveacarforthe-firsttime.MymomhaddrivenourbigPlymouthtoaanddesertedbackroadandparkedit.Theroadwasonlyonelane(车道)andhadawallbuiltwithriverrocksalongthesideofitMomknewtherewaslittlechanceofmeetinganyonitthatday.Withasmile,shegavemethekeyand_.seatswithme.Andthenshetoldmetostartthecar,topetitintodriveandto46pushonthegaspedal.Inmy,though,lmiscalculatedwhat"gentle"meant.AfterIpushedonthegaspedal,thecarspedforward.Icouldturnthewheel,Iheardthe;scrapingc副擦声)ofmetalthestonewall.IstoppedthecarandlookedoveratmyMom.Herfacewaspaleandherhand’swere_.Slowly,sheopenedher_andstartedcheckingthecar.Thenshewalked_aroundthecartothedriver'ssidedoor.Ikeptwaitingforhertomebutshejustandsaid,“Well,that’senoughfortoday.We’lltryagaintomorrow.”AsIlookedandonthatday.Iamamazedattheamountofkindness,loveandmyMomshowedme.Intheyearsthatfollowed,Imanytimesinmanyways.OftenIdidn'tfeelworthytobe,buteachtimeIcouldfeelMom'sgentlevoice,"We'lltryagaintomorrow,"Whenwefalltoday,don'tdown.Riseupandbetotryagaintomorrow.1、A.mostlyB.almostC.rarelyD.still2、A.dirtyB.strangeC.narrowD.smooth3、A.orB.forC.andD.but4、A.neighborsB.animalsC.policemenD.traffic5、A.providedB.switchedC.offeredD.shared6、A.cautiouslyB.correctlyC.carefullyD.gently7、A.excitementB.hesitationC.disappointmentD.depression8、A.WhenB.BeforeC.UnlessD.Until9、A.toB.withC.againstD.on10、A.bleedingB.sweatingC.wavingD.trembling11、A.eyesB.fistsC.seatbeltD.door12、A.quietlyB.casuallyC.deliberatelyD.sadly13、A.encourageB.comfortC.shoutatD.quarrelwith14、A.laughedB.sighedC.noddedD.glared15、A.around.B.intoC.backD.up16、A.enthusiasmB.respectC.patienceD.praise17、A.messedupB.brokeupC.heldupD.gaveup18、A.mentionedB.blamedC.forgottenD.forgiven19、A.stayB.putC.lieD.let20、A.anxiousB.readyC.eagerD.willing第二节(每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27.(15分)Alotoffilmshavetriedtodescribeourmemoriesoffamilymemberswhohavepassedaway.Butfewhavedoneas1.(remark)asCoco,Disney-Pixar’slatestanimation,2.hitthebigscreenonNov.24andwontheOscarin2018.3.(inspire)bytheMexicanholidayofDayoftheDead,thefilm’sproductionteamcreatedayoungboy,Miguel,whowantshisfamilytounderstandhisloveofmusic.AnaccidenttakeshimtotheLandoftheDead.Whilethere,Miguelhas4.unforgettableandadventurousnight.It’sinthismagicalworld5.Miguelgetstomeetanddiscoverthetruthabouthisgreat-great-grandpa.Toprotecthimfrom6.(disappear),Miguelhastobringhisphotobacktothelivingworldassoonaspossible.Whiletoldwithawildimagination,thestory7.(convey)aclearandwarmmessage.“Inanerawhenyoungpeoplearesoeasilyattractedby8.(celebrity),Cocorevealstheemptinessofsuchadulation(谄媚),teachingkids9.(preserve)andrespectthememoryoftheirelderswhileremindingthemthatthesourceoftruecreativityissooften10.(person),”wrotereporterPeterDebrugeonVariety.第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)28.(10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2、只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearSue,Howtimeflies、Itisamonththatyoustayedwithus、Weallmissyouandareverygratefultowhatyoudidforuswhenweweretogether、WehadanEnglishspeechcontesttheothersdayandIwonthefirstprize,whichagainremindmeofallyourkindhelp、Doyoustillrememberthetreewhatwasplantedbyustogetheronthehillbehindtheschool
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