山西省大同市2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次学情调研测试英语试题 （含答案）

第21页/共21页大同市2023届高三第二次学情调研测试英语试题(时间：120分钟满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?AHehadastomachache.B.Hewasgivingaspeech.C.Hewasnervousaboutaspeech.2.Whenwillthemanpickupthewoman?A.At7:20.B.At7:40.C.At8:15.3.Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?A.Repairthechair.B.Buyachair.C.Throwawaythechair.4.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Lookforaparkingspace.B.Drivetothedepartmentstoreagain.C.Gotothedepartmentstoreinafewdays.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthewoman’shouse.B.Inacinema.C.Inashop.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthemanknowabouttheplay?A.Fromatheatreposter.B.Fromafriend.C.Fromanewspaper.7.Whyisthemandisappointed?A.Theplayisn’tgood.B.Ticketsareunavailable.C.HehastoworkonSaturday.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatcan’tthewomandecide?A.Whattoeatforsupper.B.Wheretohavesupper.C.Whentostartsupper.9.Whatkindofrestaurantsdoesthemanlike?A.Theoneswithenoughseats.B.Theonesservingsuperfood.C.Theonesnearhisworkingplace.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aweekendplan.B.Acampingtrip.C.Afamilydinner.11.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttogohiking?A.It’scoldoutside.B.It’snotexciting.C.It’squitetiring.12.Whatwillthespeakersdecidetodofirst?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Gotothecinema.C.Visitthemuseum.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Howtogettothestudents’union.B.Howtolivetheuniversitylife.C.Howtofindamapoftheuniversity.14.Howlongarethecomputerroomsopenonweekdays?A.8hours.B.9hours.C.11hours.15.Whereisthestudents’union?A.OntherightoftheScienceBlocks.B.OppositetheChemistrylabs.C.BesidetheLabB.16.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Getfamiliarwiththeuniversity.B.HaveanappointmentwithhimonThursday.C.Writehertelephonenumberdownontheform.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhoorganizestheWinterFestival?A.Thegovernment.B.Ateamofvolunteers.C.Thebusinessmenaroundthetown.18.Whatisspecialabouttheartexhibition?A.Itwillbeheldinaschool.B.Therearethreeopeningnights.C.Thepaintersofthepicturesarelocalstudents.19.WhatwillbeheldintheMainExhibitionHall?A.Amusictalentshow.B.Anartexhibition.C.Afancy-dressparty.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker’stalk?A.Toraisemoneyforthefestival.B.Toinformpeopleofthefestival.C.Toshowsomeofthemusicaltalents.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASitesforfreeonlineeducationenableyoutolearncoursesinyourcomfortableplace.Thecoursesofthesewebsitesareofferedbytopuniversities.Youcanlearnaspecificsubjectwithoutmuchinvestment.Thesewebsitesoffermanyvideos,articles,ande-bookstoincreaseyourknowledge.CourseraCourseraisafreelearningplatformthatoffersMOOCscoursesfromwell-knownuniversities.Allcoursescontainpre-recordedvideolecturesthatyoucanwatchwhenitisconvenientforyou.Courserahasprogramstogetherwithuniversitiesthatallowyoutogetamaster’sdegree.Youcanexplorevariouscollegecourseswithoutanytrouble.CodeHSCodeHSisalearningsitethat’sspeciallydesignedforstudentstolearncomputerscience.Thiswebsiteprovideslessonplanswhereyoucanaccessvariousresourcestolearnit.Thecoursesaredesignedinawaythatsuitsyourpersonalneeds.Thevideoscanbeviewedonlineaswellasoffline.KhanAcademyThissiteisusefultomatchyourlearninggoals.Youchoosethissitetopersonalizeyourlearningexperience.Thisfreeplatformcanbeusedforlearnersandteachers.Theresourcesofthissiteareavailableonlineaswellasoffline.ThecontentofKhanAcademyisavailableinEnglish,French,German,andmore.ConnectionsAcademyConnectionsAcademyisthebestonlinecoursewebsitethathelpsstudentstolearnfromhome.Thecoursesofthisplatformaredesignedforelementaryschoolandmiddleschool.Thesiteprovidespersonalizedlearningexperiencesandenablesyoutoeasilymeetteachersandclassmatesinthevirtualclassroom.1.What'sspecialaboutCodeHS?A.Itsatisfiespersonalizedneeds.B.Itfocusesonaparticularsubject.C.Itoffersaccesstovideoresources.D.Itservesbothlearnersandteachers.2.Whichofthefollowingbestsuitsjuniorhighstudents?A.Coursera.B.CodeHS.C.KhanAcademy.D.ConnectionsAcademy.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Torecommendlearningsites.B.Tointroducevariouscourses.C.Toshareon-lineexperiences.D.Toguideoff-campusstudents.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以免费学习的在线教育网站，这些网站的课程由顶尖大学提供。我们可以在没有太多投资的情况下学习特定主题。这些网站提供了许多视频、文章和电子书来增加我们的知识。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题CodeHS中第一段第一句“CourseraisafreelearningplatformthatoffersMOOCscoursesfromwell-knownuniversities.（CodeHS是一个专门为学习计算机科学的学生设计的学习网站。）”可知，CodeHS的特别之处在于它专注于一个特定的主题，即为学习计算机科学的学生设计的学习网站。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题ConnectionsAcademy中第一段第二句“Thecoursesofthisplatformaredesignedforelementaryschoolandmiddleschool.（该平台的课程是针对小学和中学设计的。）”可知，ConnectionsAcademy平台的课程是针对小学和中学设计的，因此它最适合初中生。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Sitesforfreeonlineeducationenableyoutolearncoursesinyourcomfortableplace.Thecoursesofthesewebsitesareofferedbytopuniversities.Youcanlearnaspecificsubjectwithoutmuchinvestment.Thesewebsitesoffermanyvideos,articles,ande-bookstoincreaseyourknowledge.（免费在线教育网站能让你在舒适的环境中学习课程。这些网站的课程都是由顶尖大学提供的。你可以学习一个特定的科目，而不需要太多的投资。这些网站提供许多视频、文章和电子书来增加你的知识。）”可知，这篇文章要介绍一些学习网站，其目的是为我们推荐一些可以免费学习网站帮助我们学习，因此A项“推荐学习网站”符合题意。故选A项。BCatshavenoemotions.Atleast,that’swhatmyhusbandonceclaimed.Iarguedthatmytwocatsexperienceemotions.Theyfeelanger,fear,andhappiness.Heagreedwithme,butstucktohisopinionthatcatsdon’tfeellove.However,mycat,Sebastian,wouldteachhimotherwise.Whenmynext-doorneighbourmovedin,hehadacatnamedJuliet.Shewasanindoorlady,alwayswatchingtheenvironmentthroughthewindow.ThenonedaywhenIaccompaniedmycattothebackyardforhisplaytime,SebastiancaughtsightofJulietgazingathimbehindthewindow.Itsoonbecameobviousthattheywereattractedbyeachother.Soeverydaythereafter,wheneverIletSebastianout,hewouldrushstraighttothebackyardnext-doorandtheywouldsitgazinglovinglyateachotherthroughthescreen,sheinside,andheoutside.Evenmyhusbandwatchedinamazement,andhewouldmurmur,“Butcatscan’tfeellove...canthey?”Fivemonthslater,myneighbourhadtomovebecauseofwork.Myheartsank.IwonderedhowSebastianwouldreacttoJuliet’sleaving.FormonthsafterJulietmovedawayandthenewneighbourmovedin,IoftencaughtSebastiansittingbyJuliet’swindow,lookingintotheapartmentinsearchofhislady.Thenewneighbourdidn’tmindhavingthe“Peeping(偷看)Sebastian”afterIexplainedhisreasonforbeingthere.Sebastianmarkedthesmallareaoutsidethatwindowashisterritory.Othermalecatswereallowedinthebackyard,butnotnearJuliet’swindow,whichheguardeduntilhisdeath.Evennow,whenmyhusbandandIwalkthroughthebackyardandseethatwindow,heremindsmeofthelessonSebastiantaughthim...thatcatsdoindeedfallinlove.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A.Julietwasallowedtogoout.B.SebastianenjoyedthemomentwithJuliet.C.Theauthorwastheonlypersontoaccompanyhercat.D.Theauthor’shusbandhatedthetwocatsstayingtogether.5.WhydidSebastianmarkthesmallareaoutsidethatwindowashisterritory?ABecausehecouldn’tplayinthebackyard.B.Becausehecouldn’tgetalongwithothercats.C.Becausetherewerefewplacesforhimtoplay.D.BecausetheareawasguardedbyhimforJuliet.6.Whichofthefollowingchangedthehusband’sopiniononcats?A.ThedeathofSebastian. B.Theneighbour’ssuddendeparture.C.Thestorybetweenthetwocats. D.Theargumentbetweenhimandtheauthor.7.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Cats,LikePeople,HaveFeelings B.CatsLovePeopleC.Love—theOnlyFeelingBetweenCats D.CatsAreNotAbletoFallinLove【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者的猫塞巴斯蒂安爱上了邻居家的猫朱丽叶，它们每天相守在一起，在朱丽叶和邻居搬走后，塞巴斯蒂也一直守护着那个窗台直到死去。两只猫的故事告诉作者的丈夫，猫也像人一样有感情，也会相爱。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第五句“Soeverydaythereafter,wheneverIletSebastianout,hewouldrushstraighttothebackyardnext-doorandtheywouldsitgazinglovinglyateachotherthroughthescreen,sheinside,andheoutside.”(所以从那以后的每一天，每当我放塞巴斯蒂安出去，他就会直接跑到隔壁的后院，他们坐在那里，隔着屏风深情地对视着，她在里面，他在外面。)可知，塞巴斯蒂安很享受和朱丽叶在一起的时刻。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Othermalecatswereallowedinthebackyard,butnotnearJuliet’swindow,whichheguardeduntilhisdeath.”(其他公猫可以进入后院，但不能靠近朱丽叶的窗户，他一直守到去世。)可知，塞巴斯蒂安把窗外的那一小块地方标记为他的领地是因为他为朱丽叶把守着那块地方。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Evennow,whenmyhusbandandIwalkthroughthebackyardandseethatwindow,heremindsmeofthelessonSebastiantaughthim...thatcatsdoindeedfallinlove.”(即使现在，当我和丈夫穿过后院看到那扇窗户时，他也会跟我提起塞巴斯蒂安教给他的一课……猫确实会坠入爱河。)可知，这两只猫的故事改变了作者的丈夫对猫的看法。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“Heagreedwithme,butstucktohisopinionthatcatsdon’tfeellove.However,mycat,Sebastian,wouldteachhimotherwise.”(他同意我的观点，但坚持认为猫感觉不到爱。然而，我的猫塞巴斯蒂安会教会他相反的一面。)和最后一段“Evennow,whenmyhusbandandIwalkthroughthebackyardandseethatwindow,heremindsmeofthelessonSebastiantaughthim...thatcatsdoindeedfallinlove.”(即使现在，当我和丈夫穿过后院看到那扇窗户时，他也会跟我提起塞巴斯蒂安教给他的一课……猫确实会坠入爱河。)可知，文章主要是讲猫也像人一样有感情。故选A。CMorethanathirdoftheworld’spopulationlivesindrylands,areasthatexperiencesignificantwatershortages.EngineersandscientistsattheUniversityofTexasatAustinhavedevelopedauniquesolutiontohelppeopleintheseareasaccesscleandrinkingwater.Theydevelopedalow-costgelfilm(凝胶膜)thatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.Combiningtwosimpleingredients,celluloseandkonjacgum,thegelisinexpensivetoproduce.Justonekilogramofgelcanabsorbuptosixlitersofwaterinadryclimate.Forthoselivinginaclimatewithrelativehumidity(潮湿),onekilogramofgelcancollectupto13litersofwateraday.Asthegelissoinexpensiveandeasytomake,itmayofferawayofprovidingdrinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages.Previously,researchershaveharvestedfreshwaterfromfoganddew,butthatonlyservesareaswithhighhumidity.Otherattemptsatpullingwaterfromdesertairaretypicallyenergy-intensiveanddonotproducemuch.Infact,thisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.Themaximumwaterharvestedhasbeen5.87litersinplaceswithrelativehumidity.Thisnewgeldoublesthisamount,usesnoenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemouldedintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser.“Thisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecanusetogetwaterinthehottest,driestplacesonEarth,”saidGuihuaYu,professorattheCockrellSchoolofEngineering.“Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimple,watergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate.”“Thisisnotsomethingyouneedanadvanceddegreetouse,”thepaper’sleadauthor,Youhong“Nancy”Guosaid.“It’sstraightforwardenoughthatanyonecanmakeitathomeiftheyhavethematerials.”Scientistsareplanningonmakingathickergelthatwillincreasetheyield,makingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthegelfilmfromparagraph2?A.Itcanincreasethehumidityoftheair.B.Itcanharvestdrinkingwaterfromtheair.C.Ithasbeenwidelyappliedindesertareas.D.Itcostslotsofmoneyandenergytoproduce.9.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviouswaterharvestingmethodsinparagraph3?A.Toprovetheadvantagesofthenewgel.B.Toshowthetoughlivingconditionsindryregions.C.Tostatetheprocessofmanufacturingthenewgel.D.Topresentthetheoryofwaterharvestingtechnologies.10.WhatisGuihuaYu’sattitudetowardsthenewwaterharvestingmethod?A.Indifferent. B.Skeptical.C.Disapproving. D.Hopeful.11.Whatwillscientistsplantodonext?A.Developathickergel. B.Producethegelonalargescale.C.Raisemoneyforfurtherresearch. D.Teachpeopletomakethegelathome.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的科学家开发了一种低成本凝胶膜，可以帮助干旱地区的人们从空气中获得清洁的饮用水。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theydevelopedalow-costgelfilm(凝胶膜)thatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.(他们开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，即使在最干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸收水分。)”和第三句话“Justonekilogramofgelcanabsorbuptosixlitersofwaterinadryclimate.(在干燥的气候下，仅一公斤的凝胶就能吸收多达六升水。)”可知，这种凝胶膜可以吸收空气中的水分。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Infact,thisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.Themaximumwaterharvestedhasbeen5.87litersinplaceswithrelativehumidity.Thisnewgeldoublesthisamount,usesnoenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemouldedintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser.(事实上，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进。在相对湿度较大的地方，最大采水量为5.87升。这种新型凝胶的用量翻了一番，不消耗能量，操作简单，可以塑造出最适合用户的形状或大小。)”可知，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进，不仅提升了采水量，而且不消耗能量，操作简单。由此可知，作者提到以前收集水分的方法，是为了和现在的方法进行比较，从而展示出新型凝胶在收集水分方面的优势。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““Thisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecanusetogetwaterinthehottest,driestplacesonEarth,”saidGuihuaYu,professorattheCockrellSchoolofEngineering.“Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimple,watergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate.”(科克雷尔工程学院的余桂华教授说：“这项新成功一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、最干燥的地方取水。这可能会让数百万无法持续获得饮用水的人在家里拥有简单的、容易操作的制水设备。”)”可知，余桂华认为这是一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、最干燥的地方取水。由此可知，他对这种新的设备是非常赞赏和推崇的，对它的应用充满希望。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Scientistsareplanningonmakingathickergelthatwillincreasetheyield,makingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought.(科学家们正计划制造一种更厚的凝胶来增加产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方法。)”可知，科学家们正计划制作一种更厚的凝胶。故选A项。DBydrawingpatternsonthesurfaceofacupoftea,chabaixi,anancientChineseteatrickdisplayedinarecentTVdrama,hasgoneviralforitsapparentsimilaritywithmodernlatteart(咖啡拉花艺术).However,tenyearsago,thisdistinctivetechniquewasclosetodisappearingcompletely.ZhangZhifeng,apractitionerofchabaixi,foundscenesofchabaixiinthedramaarousedgreatinterestamongordinarypeople.Chabaixicancreateendlesspatternssuchasbamboosandmountainsorevencalligraphy.Thereareoveradozensteps,fromgrinding(碾碎)teaforfinepowdertopouringboiledwater,stirringthemixtureforthickfroth,andfinallydrawingthepatterns.Itisdifferentfrommakinglattebecausepeopleuseclearwaterastheobjecttoputintothecupinsteadofmilk.Butwhenthewatertouchesthesurfaceofwhipped(搅打起泡沫的)tea,itturnsintoawhitecoloranddisappearsin20minutes.Theprocessbeforethedrawingisknownasthetea-makingtechnique,diancha,thequalityofwhichiscrucialtowhetherpatternscanbesuccessfullyproducedlater.“Chabaixiisoneofthecountlessformsoftea-makingtechniquesinChina.Theimportanceofchabaixiisthatnotonlythistechniqueisuniqueintheworld,butalsoitgivesusawindowintopeople’slifestyleintheSongDynasty,aperiodoftimewhenleisureactivitiesinsomewaysresemblewhatwehavenow,”Zhangsaid.BeforechabaixiwasdiscoveredbyTVaudiences,thetechniquewaslistedaspartofChina’sIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2017,afteritwasrecoveredbyZhangZhifeng,whospentnearly30yearsstudyingandresearchingtheoriginsandmakingoftea,butforhimitwasallworth-while.“ThistechniqueiskeytotheteacultureoftheSongDynasty,anditwouldbeashametoletitfade.Thistechniquemustbepassedontothenextgenerationssotheycanunderstanditshistory,”Zhangsaid.12.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“goneviral”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Receivedgoodprotection. B.Becomepopularquickly.C.Starteddeclininggradually. D.Maintainedhighlycompetitive.13.Whatdoweknowaboutchabaixi?A.Itispaintedwithwhippedmilk. B.Itdevelopsbasedonlatteart.C.Itmainlydescribesbeautifulscenery. D.Itinvolvescomplicatedtea-makingskills.14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theoriginofchabaixi. B.Theuniquenessofchabaixi.C.Thesignificanceofchabaixi. D.Thedevelopmentofchabaixi.15.WhatcanweinferaboutZhangZhifeng?A.HeteachespeopletheteacultureoftheSongDynasty.B.Heisleadingyounggenerationstoinnovatechabaixi.C.Heencouragespeopletopassonthetechniqueofchabaixi.D.Heiscommittedtodevelopingchabaixithroughmedia.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了茶百戏的步骤和传承。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据该画线词所在句以及后文“However,tenyearsago,thisdistinctivetechniquewasclosetodisappearingcompletely.(然而，十年前，这种独特的技术几乎完全消失)”可知，该句与后文形成转折，指的是十年前这种独特的技艺几近完全消失，然而随着最近一部电视剧的播出，这一技艺又“走红，流行起来”。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thereareoveradozensteps,fromgrinding(碾碎)teaforfinepowdertopouringboiledwater,stirringthemixtureforthickfroth,andfinallydrawingthepatterns.(从把茶叶磨成细粉到倒开水，再搅拌成浓泡沫，最后画出图案，总共有十几个步骤)”可知，茶百戏的过程包括很复杂的制茶技术。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Theimportanceofchabaixiisthatnotonlythistechniqueisuniqueintheworld,butalsoitgivesusawindowintopeople’slifestyleintheSongDynasty...(茶百戏的重要性不仅在于它的技艺在世界上是独一无二的，还在于它为我们了解宋代人们的生活方式提供了一扇窗)”可知，本段主要讨论的是茶百戏的重要性。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThistechniqueiskeytotheteacultureoftheSongDynasty,anditwouldbeashametoletitfade.Thistechniquemustbepassedontothenextgenerationssotheycanunderstanditshistory(这是宋代茶文化的关键，如果让它消失就太可惜了。这项技术必须传给下一代，这样他们才能了解它的历史)”可知，他希望这项技艺可以传承下去。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MeaningfulwaystocelebratetheNewYearIt'sbeensaidthattheNewYearsetstheintentionfortheentireyeartocome.HerearesomemeaningfulideasforcelebratingthisNewYear.Writealettertoyourself.___16___Init,youcanlistthingslikewhatyourbiggestdreamsarerightnow,thethingswearemostafraidof,themostimpressiveemotionsyouexperienceonadailybasis,thethingsthatareflowinginyourlifeandthingsthatfeelstuck,howyoufeelinyourbodyandhowyouhopeyouwillfeelasyoureadtheletterinoneyear.Releaseafloatinglantern.Inmanycultures,it'sconsideredgoodlucktoreleasealanternintothesky.___17___Withafewsimpletoolsyoucanmakeyourownlantern,andcanevenwriteontheoutsidesomeoftheoldpatternsyouarereadytoreleasefromyourlife.___18___Alonetimeisunbelievablyimportantforprocessing,reflectingandconnectingwithyourself.AndifyoucannotdecidewhatcelebrationfeelsrightforyouthisNewYear'sEve,youmaysimplyenjoyyourowncompany.Haveasolodanceparty,orderfavoritecarry-out,doanat-homeyogapracticeormeditation（冥想）andtakeacandlelitbubblebath.Giveyourselfthegiftofqualitytime,andfindenjoymentandeaseinthecompanyyoukeep,evenintheemptymoments.___19___Listthethingsyouaregratefulfor.There'snotruerwaytofinddelightinthisverymomentthantocountyourblessings.Asyoulookbackonanentireyear,you'resuretodiscoveratreasureofmiraclesjustwaitingtobeilluminated（照亮）andtreasured.Sotakesometimetocomeupwithyourowngratitudelistfor2020.___20___A.Beginoneofyourgoals.B.Enjoyyourowncompany.C.Fillyourselffromtheinsideout.D.Itisasymbolofyourproblemsandworriesfloatingaway.E.Thereisjustsomuchtobethankfulfor,ifonlywehaveeyestosee.F.Justobservetheworldaroundyou,fromthesmallestleavestothelimitlessskyabove.G.Ifyoumissthegoodolddays,itcanbewonderfultowritealettertoyourfutureself.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.C20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些庆祝新年的有意义的方式。【16题详解】根据本段主题句“Writealettertoyourself.(给自己写封信。)”和本段内容可知，本段主要介绍给未来的自己写信。所以选择项G“Ifyoumissthegoodolddays,itcanbewonderfultowritealettertoyourfutureself.(如果你怀念过去的美好时光，给未来的自己写封信是一件很棒的事情。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“writealettertoyourfutureself”与主题句“Writealettertoyourself.”相一致。故选G。【17题详解】根据本段主题句“Releaseafloatinglantern.(放一个浮灯。)”和前句“Inmanycultures,it'sconsideredgoodlucktoreleasealanternintothesky.(在许多文化中，向天空放飞灯笼被认为是好运。)”可知，放飞灯笼象征着有好运。所以选择项D“Itisasymbolofyourproblemsandworriesfloatingaway.(它象征着你的问题和烦恼都烟消云散了。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的it代指主题句中的“afloatinglantern”。故选D。【18题详解】考查本段主题句。根据后句“Alonetimeisunbelievablyimportantforprocessing,reflectingandconnectingwithyourself.(独处的时间对于处理、反思和与自己联系是极其重要的。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何享受独自一人的时光。所以选择项B“Enjoyyourowncompany.(享受独处的时光。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。【19题详解】根据前文“Haveasolodanceparty,orderfavoritecarry-out,doanat-homeyogapracticeormeditation（冥想）andtakeacandlelitbubblebath.Giveyourselfthegiftofqualitytime,andfindenjoymentandeaseinthecompanyyoukeep,evenintheemptymoments.(开个单人舞会，点一份自己喜欢的外卖，在家做瑜伽或冥想，或者来个烛光泡泡浴。给自己一份优质时光的礼物，在你的陪伴中找到快乐和安逸，即使是在空虚的时刻。)”可知，这里介绍独自一人的时候如何由内而外的填充自己。所以选择项C“Fillyourselffromtheinsideout.(由内而外填满你自己。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。【20题详解】根据本段主题句“Listthethingsyouaregratefulfor.(列出你感激的事情。)”和前文句“Asyoulookbackonanentireyear,you'resuretodiscoveratreasureofmiraclesjustwaitingtobeilluminated（照亮）andtreasured.Sotakesometimetocomeupwithyourowngratitudelistfor2020.(当你回顾这一整年，你一定会发现一个奇迹的宝藏，正等着被照亮和珍惜。所以，花点时间来制定你自己的2020年感恩清单吧。)”可知，能够列出感激的事情有很多。所以选择项E“Thereisjustsomuchtobethankfulfor,ifonlywehaveeyestosee.(只要我们有眼睛能看见，就会有太多值得感谢的事。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“bethankfulfor”与主题句中的“aregratefulfor”相一致。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LenoreSkenazyisaNewYorkjournalist.Whenshewroteabouthowshehadlefthernine-year-oldsonincentralNewYorkandlethimtakethesubwayhomealone,shecauseda____21____mediastorm.Herson,Izzy,whose____22____theexpedition(出行)hadbeen,washappywiththeexperience.Hearrivedhomesafely,____23____abouthisindependence.Hehadbeenbeggingforweekstobe____24____outonhisownandtotravelunsupervised(无人监督的).MsSkenazygaveIzzyasubwaymap,twentydollarsandsome____25____incaseheneededtomakeaphonecall.ButMsSkenazy’sactionslandedherinahuge____26____.Althoughmanycameoutto____27____her,shewaslabeled“America’sworstmom”byothers.“Mysonhadsimplydonewhatmostpeoplemyagehaddone____28____whentheywerehisage:gonesomewhereonhisown,withoutasecuritydetail.”Shewrote____29____.“Theproblemwiththisdangerousideaisthatoverprotectivenessisa_____30_____initself.Achildwhothinkshecan’tdoanything_____31_____eventuallycan’t.”So.arewelivinginarisk-averse(风险规避的)culturewherewelimitourchildren’sabilityto_____32_____dangerbyneverallowingthemtotakereasonable_____33_____?Doeswesternsocietygiveitschildrentoomuch_____34_____?OrdidMsSkenazy’sactions_____35_____hersoninunnecessarydanger?Whatdoyouthink?21.A.pleasant B.fierce C.illegal D.embarrassing22.A.idea B.emotion C.outcome D.mission23.A.surprised B.frightened C.annoyed D.excited24.A.requested B.allowed C.desired D.invited25.A.change B.property C.benefit D.wage26.A.arrangement B.violence C.movement D.argument27.A.support B.follow C.confirm D.define28.A.possibly B.usually C.eventually D.nearly29.A.alongside B.earlier C.afterwards D.sooner30.A.fear B.pressure C.disability D.danger31.A.onhisown B.inhisway C.nowandthen D.moreorless32.A.getinto B.lookinto C.takeon D.dealwith33.A.steps B.risks C.charge D.control34.A.stress B.freedom C.protection D.barrier35.A.appeal B.fancy C.involve D.occur【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.D27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述LenoreSkenazy女士把自己9岁的儿子留在纽约市中心，让他独自坐地铁回家引发了争议的事情。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她写到她如何把9岁的儿子留在纽约市中心，让他独自坐地铁回家时，引发了一场激烈的媒体风暴。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.fierce激烈的；C.illegal非法的；D.embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据下文“Althoughmanycameoutto____7____her,shewaslabeled“America’sworstmom”byothers.”可知，LenoreSkenazy女士的行为引发了社会上激烈的争议。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Izzy想到的这个想法，并且对这次经历感到很高兴。A.idea想法；B.emotion情感；C.outcome结果；D.mission任务。根据下文“theexpedition”可知，这里指的是Izzy独自坐地铁回家的主意。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他安全到家了，并且对这次经历感到很兴奋。A.surprised吃惊的；B.frightened害怕的；C.annoyed心烦的；D.excited兴奋的。根据上文“Herson,Izzy,whose____2____theexpedition(出行)hadbeen,washappywiththeexperience.”可知，Izzy对独自坐地铁回家的经历感到很兴奋。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经恳求几个星期了，想要被允许一个人去旅行。A.requested要求；B.allowed允许；C.desired渴望；D.invited邀请。根据上文“Hehadbeenbegging”和下文“outonhisown”可知，Izzy一直恳求父母，他能够被允许一个人去旅行。故选B。25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Skenazy女士给了Izzy一张地铁地图、二十美元和一些零钱，以防他需要打电话。A.change零钱；B.property财产；C.benefit好处；D.wage工资。根据下文“incaseheneededtomakeaphonecall”可知，使用公用电话需要零钱。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Skenazy女士的行为让她陷入了一场激烈的争论。A.arrangement安排；B.violence暴力；C.movement移动；D.argument争论。根据上文“Whenshewroteabouthowshehadlefthernine-year-oldsonincentralNewYorkandlethimtakethesubwayhomealone,shecauseda____1____mediastorm.”可知，LenoreSkenazy女士的行为引发了社会上激烈的争议。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管许多人出来支持她，但是她仍然被别人贴上“美国最糟糕的母亲”的标签。A.support支持；B.follow跟随；C.confirm证实；D.define下定义。根据上文“Although”可知，上下文是转折关系，下文提到她仍然被别人贴上“美国最糟糕的母亲”的标签，所以对应的应该是有人支持她。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她后来写到：“我的儿子只是做了我这个年龄段的大多数人在他这个年龄时经常做的事情：独自去了某个地方，没有安全信息。”A.possibly可能；B.usually经常；C.eventually最终；D.nearly几乎。根据上文“Mysonhadsimplydonewhatmostpeoplemyagehaddone”可知，这里是指一个人出去是Skenazy他们在那个年龄时经常做的事情。故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A.alongside沿着；B.earlier更早；C.afterwards后来；D.sooner更快。根据上文““Mysonhadsimplydonewhatmostpeoplemyagehaddone____8____whentheywerehisage:gonesomewhereonhisown,withoutasecuritydetail.””可知，这是Skenazy后来写内容。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种危险想法的问题在于，过度保护本身就是一种危险。一个认为自己不能独自做任何事情的孩子最终就不能独自做任何事情。A.fear害怕；B.pressure压力；C.disability残疾；D.danger危险。根据上文“Theproblemwiththisdangerousideaisthatoverprotectivenessisa”可知，这里是指过度保护是不对的，本身就是一种危险。故选D。【31题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A.onhisown靠他自己；B.inhisway以他方式；C.nowandthen偶尔；D.moreorless或多或少。根据上文“gonesomewhereonhisown”可知，这里是指独自一个人做事情。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那么，我们是否生活在一种厌恶风险的文化中，我们从不允许孩子承担合理的风险，从而限制了他们处理危险的能力？A.getinto进入；B.lookinto研究；C.takeon呈现；D.dealwith处理。根据上文“welimitou