法兰盖螺栓衬垫分析

ANASYS有限元分析题目：螺栓预紧法兰盘衬垫有限元分析姓名：老师： 学号：学院：机电学院专业：机械工程

螺栓预紧法兰盘衬垫有限元分析西南石油大学，成都610500摘要：法兰是使管子与管子或阀门相互连接的零件，连接于管端。法兰上有孔眼，螺栓使两法兰紧连，法兰间用衬垫密封。法兰联接的螺栓预紧力是保证法兰联接点不发生泄漏的重要影响因素。给定预紧力，通过anasys分析得出螺栓最适用于法兰螺栓连接系统的预紧力。关键词：法兰;螺栓预紧;衬垫;

引言法兰连接概念法连接就是把两个管道、管件或器材，先各自固定在一个法兰盘上，两个法兰盘之间，加上法兰垫，用螺栓紧固在一起，完成了连接。有的管件和器材已经自带法兰盘，也是属于法兰连接【1】。法兰盖，就是盖的边缘有法兰缘，可以用螺栓固定的法兰连接是管道施工的重要连接方式。螺栓预紧法兰盖螺栓法兰联接是压力容器，石油化工设备及管道应用极为广泛的一种可拆式静密封联接结构。法兰螺栓连接系统主要失效形式是泄露，而螺栓预紧和加装衬垫是保证连接面不发生泄露的重要环节之一。在螺栓连接中，螺栓在安装的时候必须拧紧，即在连接承受工作载荷之前，预受到力的作用，这个预加的力称为预紧力，预紧的目的在于增强连接的可靠性和紧密性，以防止受载后被连接件出现缝隙或发生相对滑移。螺栓预紧力不能过大或者过小。预紧力过小，达不到垫片压紧并实现初始密封条件；预紧力过大，使垫片压坏或挤出。所以知道预紧力的大小值就变得尤其重要【2】。本文通过给定不同预紧力，通过anasys有限元分析，得出螺栓，衬垫，法兰的应力图。理论分析及其有限元分析有限元分析的目的和意义法兰为圆形盘状，设计螺栓组布置时要满足：在布置螺栓时要求螺栓的列应有合适的间距，边距；螺栓的布置应使各螺栓的受力合理；分布在同一圆周上螺栓数目，应取4,6,8等偶数；避免螺栓承受附加的弯曲载荷。螺栓工作时承受工作载荷和预紧力的联合作用，这种螺栓连接在紧螺栓连接中比较常见，因此也是最重要的一种。衬垫是介于法兰盖与法兰盖之间的填封介质。衬垫的材料以及预紧力不同，会对法兰盖的工作性能产生极大的影响。螺栓预紧法兰盖衬垫分析，选4个螺栓对称布置，1个衬垫，2两法兰盖组成。螺栓和法兰盖由186非线性单元模拟，衬垫用194非线性单元模拟。约束边界为约束法兰内圈的径向和周向位移。与施加在4个螺栓上的力都为1000N。在anasys进行分析室，在法兰内径的径向施加约束。模型理论分析有限单元法的基本思想是将连续的求解区域离散为一组有限个、且按一定方式相互联结在一起的单元的组合体。由于单元能按不同的联结方式进行组合，且单元本身又可以有不同形状，因此可以对复杂的模型进行求解。有限单元法作为数值分析方法的另一个重要特点是利用在每一个单元内假设的近似函数来分片地表示全求解域上待求的未知场函数。单元内的近似函数通常由未知场函数或其导数在单元的各个节点的数值和其插值函数来表达。这样一来一个问题的有限元分析中，未知场函数或及其导数在各个节点上的数值就成为新的未知量，从而使一个连续的无限自由度间题变成离散的有限自由度问题。一经求解出这些未知量，就可以通过插值函数计算出各个单元内场函数的近似值，从而得到整个求解域上的近似解。显然随着单元数目的增加，也即单元尺寸的缩小，或者随着单元自由度的增加及插值函数精度的提高，解的近似程度将不断改进。如果单元是满足收敛要求的，近似解最后将收敛于精确解。目前，有限单元法的应用已由弹性力学平面间题扩展到空间问题、板壳问题，由静力平衡问题扩展到稳定间题、动力问题和波动问题。分析的对象从弹性材料扩展到塑性、粘弹性、粘塑性和复合材料等，从固体力学扩展到流体力学、传热学等连续介质力学领域.在工程分析中的作用已从分析和校核扩展到优化设计并和计算机辅助设计技术相结合。Anasys分析步骤Anasys分析主要步骤：定义参数；选择单元；定义材料属性；定义材料压缩曲线；定义衬垫的线性卸载曲线；创建几何体；划分网格；定义预拉伸单元；定义接触单元节点组；定义目标单元节点组；通过接触向导建立接触对；约束法兰盘内径的径向位移；约束法兰盘内径的周向位移；施加预拉伸力；求解；后期处理。ANSYS计算的具体流程分析模型在开始有限元计算前，需要对计算的工程问题，进行认真的分析。这其中包括：模型的简化，能否忽略几何不规则性，能否把三维问题简化为平面问题；能否把一些载荷看作是集中载荷；能否把某些支撑看做固定的；判断模型材料的应力-应变关系，即采用线性材料分析还是非线性材料分析等。选择单元根据第一步分析的结果选择满足条件的单元，ANSYS中有多种单元，点、面、实体等均有，而且每种单元又有较多类型，因此在具体选择时应结合使用者对软件的熟悉程度结合所分析研究模型进行选择。在单元选择时，可结合具体选项适当讲解各种典型单元的用途和常用的一些单元【4】。螺栓法兰盖单元设置步骤:Preprocessor>ElementType>Add/Edit/Delete>Add>solid>20node186>OK如图3-1。设置衬垫单元设置步骤：Preprocessor>ElementType>Add/Edit/Delete>Add>Gasket>16node194>OK>Close。两种单元设置完以后如图32所示。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s11设置186单元体STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s12设置完两种单元体设置材料属性材料属性需要结合所分析研究对象的特性来设置，主要包括泊松比、杨氏模量，属性材料包括屈服强度和切线模量（双线型材料），疲劳分析则有应力-工作次数关系曲线等，因此对构件的材料掌握非常关键。本出采用非线性线型材料来研究材料的特性。1）螺栓和法兰盖材料设置步骤：Preprocessor>MaterialModels>Structural>Elastic>Isotropic>OK,然在在弹出的对话框里输入弹性模量1.05E11，泊松比0.3。如图3-3所示。2）衬垫材料的设置步骤：Preprocessor>MaterialModels>Structural>SpecializedMaterials>Gasket>Cmpresion>Addpoint,如图3-4所示。把数值输入表中得到衬垫材料店压缩曲线如图3-5，再点Linaerunloain得到卸载曲线，击如图3-6,7所示。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s13螺栓法兰盖材料设置STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s14衬垫材料设置STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s15衬垫压缩曲线STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s16衬垫材料卸载数据点STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s17衬垫材料卸载特性曲线建立模型ANSYS中有四种建立模型方法，即实体建模，有限元建模，从其他CAD软件中导入和参数化建模。前三种建模方法适合除优化设计，可靠性分析的各种分析。建模过程：首先设置参数变量如图3-8所示。H1=0.01!法兰盘1的厚度。H2=0.002!衬垫厚度。H3=0.01!法兰盘2的厚度。H4=0.008!螺帽的厚度。R1=0.05!法兰盘内半径。R2=0.08!法兰盘外半径。R3=(R2-R1)/2+R1!螺栓中心位置。R4=0.5*(R2-R1)/2!螺栓半径。R5=0.7*(R2-R1)/2!螺帽半径。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s18引入建模参数1）建立法兰盖和衬垫模型，通过圆柱命令建立不同高度的圆柱，3-9所示图，输入数字，建立1衬垫，2个法兰的模型。。操作步骤：Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Volumes>Cylinder>ByDimensions>OkSTYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s19法兰盘与衬垫三维模型2）通过布尔减操作，建立法兰盘和衬垫上的四个圆孔，如图3-10所示。操作步骤：Preprocessor>Modeling>Operate>Booleans>Subtract>选择建立的衬垫与法兰盖>apply>选择4个小的圆柱>OK.3）通过创建圆柱操作，对建立的3个圆柱体进行布尔相加，得到螺栓，如图3-11所示。操作步骤：Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Volumes>Cylinder>ByDimension4）把的螺栓通过平移到法兰盖的孔处，如图3-12。再把螺栓通过复制粘贴到其他三个法兰孔的位置，如图3-13。操作步骤：Workplane>ChangeactiveCSto>GloableCylidric>Preprocessor>Modeling>Copy>Volumes再在DY栏输入粘贴角度90,180,270。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s110创建孔STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s111创建螺栓STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s112螺栓偏移STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s113四个螺栓创建完成网格划分ANSYS中主要有两种网格划分方法，即自由网格和映射网格。自由网格划分的成功率高，但在动力学计算中精度稍差，用户根据需要进行选择使用。1）划分一个法兰盖网格。法兰盖网格采用映射网格。操作步骤:Preprocessor>Meshing>Meshtool>Set>186单元>Set>网格尺寸0.005>Hex>Sweep>选择一个法兰盖，如图3-14，3-15。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s114法兰盖网格参数设置2)划分衬垫网格。衬垫单元在两个体的中间，所以先划分的一个法兰，再衬垫，再划分另外一个法兰盖。操作步骤:Preprocessor>Meshing>Meshtool>Set>186单元>Meshing>Mesh>Interface>3DInterface>选择41,42号面>再在如图力输入值，完成网格划分，如图3-16,3-17所示。4）划分另一个法兰盖另一个法兰盖的划分方法与第一法兰盖的划分网格方法一样，网格划分完如图3-18所示。5)划分螺栓网格。螺栓网格采用自由网格划分。操作步骤:Preprocessor>Meshing>Meshtool>Set>186单元>Tet>Free>Mesh>选择4个螺栓>Ok，如图3-19所示。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s115划分法兰盖STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s116衬垫网格参数设置STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s117衬垫单元网格划分完成法STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s118兰螺栓划分完成STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s119划分螺栓确定分析类型这一步用户可以选择需要的分析类型：静力学分析，模态分析，谐响应分析，瞬态动力学分析，谱分析，特征值屈曲分析，子结构分析等，施加边界条件这一步用户根据模型的实际工况定义边界条件，如对称边界，完全约束等。1）定义预拉伸单元操作步骤：:Preprocessor>Moleing>Elements>pretension>PretensnMesh>Withoption>Divideatvolu>Elementsinvolue。如图3-20STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s120定义预拉伸单元2）定义接触单元。螺栓底面与法兰盖表面由接触。①创法兰表面的建节点组操作步骤：拾取法兰表面节点Select>Entilies>Areas>ByPick>FromAll>SeleAll>Apply>Ok,如图3-21所以。再Select>Entilies>Nodes>Attachedto>AreasAll>FromAll>Plot>Ok,如图3-22所示。创建法兰表面节点组CN1，如图3—22所示。用同样创法兰给另一面的节点组CN2。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s121创建节点组STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s122创建节点组②创建螺栓底面节点组操作步骤：拾取法兰表面节点Select>Entilies>Areas>ByPick>FromAll>SeleAll>Apply>选择四个螺栓底面>Ok如图3-23,再Select>Entilies>Nodes>Attachedto>AreasAll>FromAll>Plot>Ok。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s123拾取螺栓节点组STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s124螺栓和法兰节点组③创建接触步骤如下：ContactManager>ContaceWizrd>NodalComponent>TN1>Nodal>Nexe>Compent>CN1>OptionSetting>ConcatOperities>Creat>Finsh.以同样的方法创建第二接触。建立过程如图3-25,3-26,3-27，3-28所示。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s125创建接触STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s126选择接触目标STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s127设置不对称STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s128接触设置完成求解用户在完成以上操作后，就进入求解阶段，ANSYS有直接求解，载荷步求解和自适应求解方法，根据需要适时选择。通过约束法兰内径的轴向和轴向位移。所以约束R1一周的节点。①选取法兰内径节点：Wokplane>ChangeWorkplane>ChangeactiveCSto>GloableCylidric>Select>Entilies>Areas>Bylocation>R1>OK.过程设置如图。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s129选取法兰内环节点②约束法兰内径节点：Preprocessor>Solution>Apply>Strucural>OnNodes>Pickall>Ux,Uy。如图3-30,3-31所示。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s130设置步STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s131施加约束.STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s132约束后的显示

③定义预拉伸载荷Solution>DefineLoad>apply>Structural>Pretnsnsecth.STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s133设置载荷STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s134载荷设置过程④求解Solve>CurrentLs后处理在该步用户可以使用两种后处理方法，观察结果，校核计算结果是否符合工程结构设计要求，如果满足要求，则保存结果，如果不满足要求，则需要修改模型重新计算直到符合要求为止。观察最大应力点：GeneralPostproc>PoltResul>ContourPolt>ElemnetSolution。如图3-35所示。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s135整体变形图①观察螺栓应力步骤：Select>Entilies>Volum>Bypick>螺栓>Ok＞Select>Entilies＞Element>Attacthto>Volum>Ok,如图所示3-36所示。②用同样方法观察法兰，衬垫。如图3-37,3-38所示。STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s136螺栓应力图STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s137法兰应力图STYLEREF1\s3SEQ图表\*ARABIC\s138衬垫应力图结论通过对螺栓衬垫法兰的的力学分学模型分析，再借助anasys的有限元计算，得出：衬垫在孔的位置处，应力最大。螺栓，在有形状急剧变的话的位置处，应力集中，应力最大。本模型还可以施加不同的预紧力，去观察螺栓，衬垫，法兰的变形与应力状况。因此可以对施加的预紧力进行控制，得到理想的预紧力。参考文献[1]王平.衬垫的压应力分析.石油矿厂机械，20012年2月，20(1):50～51[2][2]张宏英，李东阳.螺栓预紧力分析，机械装备，2011，40(3)：20～23.[3]肖文生，ANASYS13.0基础与实例教程.2011年11月.[4]秦宇.ANSYS11.0基础与实例教程，化学工业出版社，2009，21（2）：4～8.命令流通过对求解的模型导出命令流。通过修改命令流里面的参数，可以计算同模型下，不同问题的求解。命令流如下：/BATCH!/COM,ANSYSRELEASE14.5UP2012091809:30:2801/03/2014/input,start145,ans,'D:\ANSYSInc\v145\ANSYS\apdl\'!*/FILNAME,xieshuai2,0*SET,H1,0.01!*SET,H2,0.002!*SET,H3,0.01!*SET,H4,0.008!*SET,R1,0.05!*SET,R2,0.08!*SET,R3,(R2-R1)/2+R1!*SET,R4,0.5*(R2-R1)/2!*SET,R5,0.7*(R2-R1)/2!/PREP7!*ET,1,SOLID186!*ET,2,INTER194!*!*MPTEMP,,,,,,,,MPTEMP,1,0MPDATA,EX,1,,1.05E11MPDATA,PRXY,1,,0.3TB,GASKET,2,,13,COMP!TBPT,,0.508000E-04,0.161226E+07TBPT,,0.101600E-03,0.520884E+07TBPT,,0.152400E-03,0.113134E+08TBPT,,0.203200E-03,0.200499E+08TBPT,,0.254000E-03,0.259960E+08TBPT,,0.304800E-03,0.290345E+08TBPT,,0.355600E-03,0.357453E+08TBPT,,0.406400E-03,0.440064E+08TBPT,,0.457200E-03,0.563189E+08TBPT,,0.508000E-03,0.748254E+08TBPT,,0.558800E-03,0.967287E+08TBPT,,0.609600E-03,0.129001E+09TBPT,,0.683260E-03,0.157147E+09TB,GASKET,2,,5,LUNL!TBPT,,0.152400E-03,2.430000E+11TBPT,,0.304800E-03,3.565000E+11TBPT,,0.406400E-03,5.923000E+11TBPT,,0.558800E-03,1.088000E+12TBPT,,0.683260E-03,1.490000E+12!*CYLIND,R1,R2,0,H1,0,360,CYLIND,R1,R2,H1,H1+H2,0,360,CYLIND,R1,R2,H1+H2,H1+H2+H3,0,360,NUMMRG,ALLCYLIND,R4,0,0,H1+H2+H3,0,360,!VGEN,,4,,,R3,,,,,1!CSYS,1!!VGEN,2,4,,,,90,,,0VGEN,2,4,,,,180,,,0VGEN,2,4,,,,270,,,0!FLST,2,3,6,ORDE,2FITEM,2,1FITEM,2,-3VSBV,P51X,4FLST,2,3,6,ORDE,2FITEM,2,8FITEM,2,-10VSBV,P51X,5FLST,2,3,6,ORDE,2FITEM,2,1FITEM,2,-3VSBV,P51X,6FLST,2,3,6,ORDE,3FITEM,2,4FITEM,2,-5FITEM,2,8VSBV,P51X,7CYLIND,R4*0.95,0,0,H1+H2+H3,0,360,CYLIND,R5,0,H1+H2+H3,H1+H2+H3+H4,0,360,CYLIND,R5,0,-H4,0,0,360,!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FASTFLST,2,3,6,ORDE,2FITEM,2,4FITEM,2,-6VADD,P51XCSYS,0!VGEN,,7,,,R3,,,,,1CSYS,1VGEN,2,7,,,,90,,,0VGEN,2,7,,,,180,,,0VGEN,2,7,,,,270,,,0!SAVE,xieshuai2,db,!SAVE,xieshuai2,db,!SAVE,xieshuai2,db,!SAVE,36,db,C:\Users\Administrator\!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FASTTYPE,1MAT,1REAL,ESYS,0SECNUM,!*ESIZE,0.005,0,/UI,MESH,OFFESIZE,0.005TYPE,1MAT,1VSWEEP,2TYPE,2MAT,2IMESH,AREA,19,25,,0,0,H2,0.0005TYPE,1MAT,1VSWEEP,3MSHKEY,0MSHAPE,1,3DVMESH,4VMESH,5VMESH,6VMESH,7PSMESH,,P1,,VOLU,4,0,Z,(H1+H2+H3)/2,,,,,PSMESH,,P2,,VOLU,5,0,Z,(H1+H2+H3)/2,,,,,PSMESH,,P3,,VOLU,6,0,Z,(H1+H2+H3)/2,,,,,PSMESH,,P4,,VOLU,7,0,Z,(H1+H2+H3)/2,,,,,!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FASTASEL,ALLASEL,S,,,48NSEL,ALLNSLA,S,1!NPLOTNSLA,S,1CM,CN1,NODE!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!vlist,all!elist,all,,,0,0!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FAST!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FASTASEL,S,,,28NSLA,S,1CM,CN2,NODEALLSEL,ALL!/MREP,EPLOT!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FASTASEL,ALLFLST,5,4,5,ORDE,4FITEM,5,50FITEM,5,54FITEM,5,64FITEM,5,74ASEL,S,,,P51XNSEL,ALLNSLA,S,1!NPLOT!NPLOTNSLA,S,1!/MREP,EPLOTCM,TN1,NODEFLST,5,4,5,ORDE,4FITEM,5,70FITEM,5,80FITEM,5,53FITEM,5,60ASEL,S,,,P51XNSEL,ALLNSLA,S,1CM,TN2,NODEALLSEL,ALL!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/MREP,EPLOT!/COM,CONTACTPAIRCREATION-STARTCM,_NODECM,NODECM,_ELEMCM,ELEMCM,_KPCM,KPCM,_LINECM,LINECM,_AREACM,AREACM,_VOLUCM,VOLU!/GSAV,cwz,gsav,,tempMP,MU,1,0.25MAT,1MP,EMIS,1,7.88860905221e-031R,3REAL,3ET,4,170ET,5,174R,3,,,1.0,0.1,0,RMORE,,,1.0E20,0.0,1.0,RMORE,0.0,0,1.0,,1.0,0.5RMORE,0,1.0,1.0,0.0,,1.0KEYOPT,5,4,0KEYOPT,5,5,0NROPT,UNSYMKEYOPT,5,7,0KEYOPT,5,8,0KEYOPT,5,9,0KEYOPT,5,10,2KEYOPT,5,11,0KEYOPT,5,12,0KEYOPT,5,2,0KEYOPT,4,5,0!GeneratethetargetsurfaceNSEL,S,,,TN1CM,_TARGET,NODETYPE,4ESLN,S,0ESURFCMSEL,S,_ELEMCM!GeneratethecontactsurfaceNSEL,S,,,CN1CM,_CONTACT,NODETYPE,5ESLN,S,0ESURFALLSELESEL,ALLESEL,S,TYPE,,4ESEL,A,TYPE,,5ESEL,R,REAL,,3!/PSYMB,ESYS,1!/PNUM,TYPE,1!/NUM,1!EPLOTESEL,ALLESEL,S,TYPE,,4ESEL,A,TYPE,,5ESEL,R,REAL,,3CMSEL,A,_NODECMCMDEL,_NODECMCMSEL,A,_ELEMCMCMDEL,_ELEMCMCMSEL,S,_KPCMCMDEL,_KPCMCMSEL,S,_LINECMCMDEL,_LINECMCMSEL,S,_AREACMCMDEL,_AREACMCMSEL,S,_VOLUCMCMDEL,_VOLUCM!/GRES,cwz,gsavCMDEL,_TARGETCMDEL,_CONTACT!/COM,CONTACTPAIRCREATION-END!/COM,CONTACTPAIRCREATION-STARTCM,_NODECM,NODECM,_ELEMCM,ELEMCM,_KPCM,KPCM,_LINECM,LINECM,_AREACM,AREACM,_VOLUCM,VOLU!/GSAV,cwz,gsav,,tempMP,MU,1,0.25MAT,1MP,EMIS,1,7.88860905221e-031R,4REAL,4ET,6,170ET,7,174R,4,,,1.0,0.1,0,RMORE,,,1.0E20,0.0,1.0,RMORE,0.0,0,1.0,,1.0,0.5RMORE,0,1.0,1.0,0.0,,1.0KEYOPT,7,4,0KEYOPT,7,5,0NROPT,UNSYMKEYOPT,7,7,0KEYOPT,7,8,0KEYOPT,7,9,0KEYOPT,7,10,2KEYOPT,7,11,0KEYOPT,7,12,0KEYOPT,7,2,0KEYOPT,6,5,0!GeneratethetargetsurfaceNSEL,S,,,TN2CM,_TARGET,NODETYPE,6ESLN,S,0ESURFCMSEL,S,_ELEMCM!GeneratethecontactsurfaceNSEL,S,,,CN2CM,_CONTACT,NODETYPE,7ESLN,S,0ESURFALLSELESEL,ALLESEL,S,TYPE,,6ESEL,A,TYPE,,7ESEL,R,REAL,,4!/PSYMB,ESYS,1!/PNUM,TYPE,1!/NUM,1!EPLOTESEL,ALLESEL,S,TYPE,,6ESEL,A,TYPE,,7ESEL,R,REAL,,4CMSEL,A,_NODECMCMDEL,_NODECMCMSEL,A,_ELEMCMCMDEL,_ELEMCMCMSEL,S,_KPCMCMDEL,_KPCMCMSEL,S,_LINECMCMDEL,_LINECMCMSEL,S,_AREACMCMDEL,_AREACMCMSEL,S,_VOLUCMCMDEL,_VOLUCM!/GRES,cwz,gsavCMDEL,_TARGETCMDEL,_CONTACT!/COM,CONTACTPAIRCREATION-END!/MREP,EPLOT!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FASTCSYS,1NSEL,ALLNSEL,S,LOC,X,R1!NPLOTNSEL,S,LOC,X,R1!/REPLOT,RESIZEFLST,2,1024,1,ORDE,12FITEM,2,2473FITEM,2,-2536FITEM,2,2809FITEM,2,-3124FITEM,2,3753FITEM,2,-3884FITEM,2,6297FITEM,2,-6424FITEM,2,9017FITEM,2,-9332FITEM,2,9913FITEM,2,-9980NROTAT,P51X!/REPLOT,RESIZEFLST,2,1024,1,ORDE,12FITEM,2,2473FITEM,2,-2536FITEM,2,2809FITEM,2,-3124FITEM,2,3753FITEM,2,-3884FITEM,2,6297FITEM,2,-6424FITEM,2,9017FITEM,2,-9332FITEM,2,9913FITEM,2,-9980NROTAT,P51X!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FASTFINISH/SOLFLST,2,1024,1,ORDE,12FITEM,2,2473FITEM,2,-2536FITEM,2,2809FITEM,2,-3124FITEM,2,3753FITEM,2,-3884FITEM,2,6297FITEM,2,-6424FITEM,2,9017FITEM,2,-9332FITEM,2,9913FITEM,2,-9980!*/GOD,P51X,,,,,,UX,UY,,,,!/VIEW,1,1,1,1!/ANG,1!/REP,FASTALLSEL,ALLCSYS,0!vlist,all!elist,all,,,0,0!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!vlist,all!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/ANG,1,30,XS,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST!/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1!/REP,FAST