【英语】高考英语易错题专题三阅读理解(含解析)含解析

【英语】高考英语易错题专题三阅读理解(含解析)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1.阅读理解Imaginewakinguponedayandfindingthatyourbeautifullocalbeachisnomore一gone,itsfinewhitesandsweptawaybyanabnormalstorm.Yougoaboutyourdailybusinessfor12longyearsandthensuddenlythebeachisback,allitsgloryrestoredbyanotherstorm.ThisiswhathappenedontheislandofAchill,offthecoastofIreland,wherepeoplearecelebratingthereturnofthebeautiftilAshieamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.ThatinitseIfisunusualenough,butthestorygetsevenbetter!Yousee,anotherbeachinAchilldidadisappearingactonce,buttookmuchlongertoreturn.ThebeachatDoonagh,locatedonlysixmilesawayfromAshleamBay,wasrestoredearlierin2016afterwavescreatedbyspringstormshadsweptawayallthesandin1984,leavingjustrockpoolsbehind.ThereislocallegendthatstretchesbackhundredsofyearsthatsaysthisbeachatAshleamBayreturnsforashorteverysevenyearsthendisappearsagain.Butthistimearoundittookabitlongerthanthat.Itwaslastseenin2005anditstayedforafewmonthsatthattimebeforeitwaswashedawayagain.Asyoucanimagine,everyoneontheislandofAchillisthrilledtohavetheirsandybeachback,andeventhoughnooneknowshowlongit*sgoingtobearoundfor,theyaremakingthemostofthetimethey'vegotbeforeitdisappearsagain.Somemaybequicktobelieveclimatechangescausethephenomenon,butthafsnotthereasonthesetwobeachesinAchillkeepdisappearing,DrKevinLynch,ageographeratNUTGalway,saysthattheseoccurrencesaretheresultofhydrodynamics(流体力学)andsediment(沉积物)supply,ratherthanclimatechanges.Regardlessofwhafscausingthem,disappearingandreappearingbeachesarejustpartofwhatmakesnaturesofascinating.Whatispeople'sreactiontothereturnoftheAshleamBaybeach?A.Fulloffear.B.Quitedelighted.C.Verydisappointed.D.Extremelyconfused.(2)WhatcanwelearnaboutthebeachatDoonagh?A.ItisnotlocatedinIreland. B.Itdisappeared12yearsago.C.Itoncedisappearedformorethan30years.D.Itisjustmadeupofrocksandpools.Accordingtothelocallegend,whenshouldtheAshleamBaybeachhavecomeback?A.In1982. B.In2012. C.In2016. D.In2018.WhatdoesDrKevinLynchthinkofthephenomenon?A.Someabnormalstormsleadtoocean'senlargement,hB.Itishardtouncoverthemysteryofbeach'sdisappearing.C.Climatechangescanresultinbeachesdisappearingcompletely. D.Hydrodynamicsandsedimentsupplycausetwobeachestodisappear.【答案】(1)BCBD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，爱尔兰西北部的一个海滩不易而飞，但过一段时间它又回来了。传言阿什拉姆湾的海滩每七年返回一次，然后又消失。有些人可能认为气候变化会导致这种现象，但地理学家凯文 •林奇博士认为Achill这两个海滩不断消失的原因是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。而不是气候变化的原因。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 “offthecoastofIreland,wherepeoplearecelebratingthereturnofthebeautifulAshleamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.及第四段中的“Asyoucanimagine,everyoneontheislandofAchillisthrilledtohavetheirsandybeachback,。可知，人们对于海滩的回归是非常兴奋的。故选Bo(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 “ThebeachatDoonagh,locatedonlysixmilesawayfromAshleamBay,wasrestoredearlierin2016afterwavescreatedbyspringstormshadsweptawayallthesandin1984,leavingjustrockpoolsbehind,可知，Doonagh海”滩于1984年被春天的风暴席卷了所有的沙子只留下岩石池，在2016年初恢复了。由此可推断出Doonagh在消失了32年后又恢复了。故选Co(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 “thebeautitUlAshleamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.可“知，AshleamBay是在2005年消失的。第三段中的“ThereislocallegendthatstretchesbackhundredsofyearsthatsaysthisbeachatAshleamBayreturnsforashorteverysevenyearsthendisappearsagain. 当地方传说。说阿什卡姆湾的海滩每七年恢复一次，然后又消失。也就是2005+7=2012年回归，故选Bo(4)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的 “DrKevinLynch,ageographeratNUTGalway,saysthattheseoccurrencesaretheresultofhydrodynamics(流体力学)andsediment(沉积物)supply,ratherthanclimatechanges.可”知，这种现象是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。2.阅读理解InIndia,mostofthewomenwearareddotbetweentheireyebrows.Whileitisgenerallytakenasanindicatoroftheirmarita1（婚姻的）status,thepracticeisprimarilyrelatedtothe 印度Hindu（教的Religion.ThedotgoesbydifterentnamesindifferentHindidialects,and “bindi"istheonethatismostcommonlyknown.Traditionally,thedotcarriesnogenderrestrictionMenaswellaswomenwearit.However,thetraditionofmenwearingithasfadedinrecenttimes,sonowadaysweseealotmorewomenthanmenwearingone.Thepositionofthebindiisstandardcenteroftheforehead,closetotheeyebrows.Itrepresentsathird,orinnereye.HindutraditionholdsthatallpeoplehavethreeeyesThetwoouteronesareusedforseeingtheoutsideworld,andthethirdoneistheretofocusinwardtowardGod.Assuch,thedotmeanspiety（虔诚）andservesasaconstantremindertokeepGodinthefrontofabelievefsthoughts.Redisthetraditionalcolorofthedot.Itissaidthatinancienttimesamanwouldplaceadropofbloodbetweenhiswife'seyestosealtheirmarriage.AccordingtoHindubeliefs,thecolorredisbelievedtobringgoodfortunetothemarriedcouple.Today,peoplegowithdifterentcolorsdependingupontheirpreferences.Womenoftenweardotsthatmatchthecoloroftheirclothes.Decorativeofstickerbindiscomeinallsizes,colorsandvariations,andcanbewornbyyoungandold,marriedandunmarriedpeoplealike.Wearingabindihasbecomemoreofafashionstatementthanareligiouscustom.WhydidpeopleinIndiastartwearingareddotontheirforehead?WhatisthefunctionofthethirdeyeinHindutradition?(3)Whywasredchosenastheoriginalcolorofthebindi?Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutbindistoday?A.Bindisarenowusedtomakepeoplelookbetter.B.Bindisarewornanywhereonthefocenow.C.MostIndianwomendonotwearbindisanymore.D.MorementhanwomenwearbindisinIndia.【答案】（1）cDBA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法主要与印度教有关，它代表的是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。现在眉心红点更多的是作为装饰品使用。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 “InIndia,mostofthewomenwearareddotbetweentheireyebrows.Whileitisgenerallytakenasanindicatoroftheirmarital（婚姻的）status,thepracticeisprimarilyrelatedtotheHindu（印度教的）religion.在印”度，大多数女性的眉毛上都有一个红点。虽然这通常被认为是他们婚姻状况的一个指标，但这种做法主要与印度教有关。可知这种做法主要与印度教有关，所以印度人前额戴红点是展示他们的宗教信仰。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段可知，印度传统上认为人有第三只眼。以及 “Assuch,thedotservesasaconstantremindertokeepGodinthefrontofabelievefsthoughts• ”因此，点作为一个持续的提醒，以保持神在信徒的思想面前。所以第三眼在印度教传统中的重要性是要尊重上帝。故选Do(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 “AccordingtoHindubeliefs,thecolorredisbelievedtobringgoodfortunetothemarriedcouple.”可知，根据印度教的信仰，红色被认为能为已婚的夫妇带来好运。故选Bo(4)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Decorativeorstickerbindiscomeinallsizes,colorsandvariations,andcanbewornbyyoungandold,marriedandunmarriedpeoplealike.Wearingabindihasbecomemoreofafashionstatementthanareligiouscustom.装饰物”或贴纸贴纸有各种尺寸、颜色和变化，年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗，不如说是一种时尚宣言。可知，眉心红点现在更多的被用作装饰品。故选A.【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。Directions:Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AtinycluefoundinancientdepositshasunlockedbigsecretsaboutGreenland'spastandfutureclimate.JustbeyondthenorthwestedgeofthevastGreenlandIceSheet,researchershavediscoveredlakemudthathavesurvivedthelasticeage.Themud,andremainsofcommonfliesinit,recordtwointerglacialperiods(间冰期)innorthwestGreenland.Althoughresearchershavelongknownthesetwoperiods-theearlyHoloceneandLastInterglacial—experiencedwarmingintheArctic,themixofflyspeciesshowsthatGreenlandwasevenwarmerthanpreviouslythought.nAsfarasweknow,ithasneverbeenfoundinGreenland.Wethinkthisisthefirsttimeanyonehasreporteditinancientdepositsormodernlakesthere/1Axfbrdsaid.,fWewerereallysurprisedtoseehowfarnorthitmigrated(迁徙).HThisnewinformationcouldhelpresearchersbettermeasureGreenland'ssensitivitytowarming,bytestingandimprovingmodelsofclimateandicesheetbehaviour.ThosemodelscouldthenimprovepredictionsofhowGreenland'sicesheetmightrespondtoman-madeglobalwarming.Afterall,Greenlandcovers80percentoftheArcticcountryandholdsenoughicetoequal20feetofglobalsealevel.^NorthwestGreenlandmightfeelreallyremote,butwhathappenstothaticesheetisgoingtomattertoeveryoneineverycoastalcityaroundtheworld/*saidYarrowAxford,anassociateprofessorintheteam.HOneofthebiguncertaintiesinclimatescienceishowfasttheEarthchangeswhenitgetswarmer.GeologygivesusanopportunitytoseewhathappenedwhentheEarthwaswarmerthantoday/*saidAxfbrd.Peoplemightbesurprisedtoseehowtoda/sGreenlandlookedduringthelasttwointerglacialperiods.DuringtheLastInterglacial,globalsealevelsincreasedby15to30feet,largelyduetothinningofGreenlandandAntarctica'sicesheets.However,nowresearchersbelievenorthernGreenland'sicesheetexperiencedstrongerwarmingthanpreviouslythought,whichcouldmeanthatGreenlandismoreresponsibleforthatsea-levelrise.veryFindinglakedepositsolderthanabout10,000years,however,hasbeenhistoricallydifficultinGreenland.Tomeasuretheseancienttemperatures,researcherslooktoicecores(冰核)andlakedeposits.Sinceiceandlakedepositsformbyagradualbuilduponannuallayersofsnowormud,thesecorescontainhistoryofthepast.Bylookingthroughthelayers,veryresearcherscanobtainclimatecluesfromcenturiesago.Whyaretheremainsoffliesmentionedinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.TheyserveasevidencethatthereisstilllifeintheNorthwestGreenland.B.TheywereoneofthemanyancientlivesthatwereleftintheGreenlandmud.C.TheyareindicatorsthatGreenlandwasmuchwarmerthanpreviouslythought.D.TheyhelptheresearchersrealizethattherewasonceawarmperiodintheArctic.ThenewinformationaboutGreenlandisimportantbecause .A.researchershavenoideahowtomeasureGreenland'swarmingspeedB.itcanhelpresearchersbetterpredictGreenland^responsetowarmingC.peopleshouldbemoresensitivetothechangesintheiceinGreenlandD.itisuncertainhowfasttheEarthchangeswithman-madeglobalwarmingWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Itiseasierfortoda/sscientiststofindancientlakedeposits.B.PeoplearesurprisedatthelandscapefeatureofGreenlandtoday.C.Researchersmeasurethechangingtemperaturesbydirectlyexaminingmud.D.Greenlandholdsenoughicethatmightonedaythreatenlifeincoastalcities.Whichdoyouthinkisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.GreenlandUsedtoBeMuchGreenerB.EarthOnceExperiencedWarmPeriodsC.CoastalCitiesWarnedofComingDisastersD.NorthwestGreenland,APerfectDestination【答案】(1)cBDA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在古代沉积物中发现的一条微小线索揭开了格陵兰岛过去和未来气候的大秘密。就在广阔的格陵兰冰原的西北边缘，研究人员发现了在最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥。现在研究人员认为，格陵兰北部的冰盖经历了比之前认为的更强烈的变暖。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 “Themud,andremainsofcommonfliesinit,recordtwointerglacialperiods(间冰期)innorthwest Greenland.在"格陵兰岛西北部，泥浆和常见苍蝇的残骸记录了两次间冰期；以及第二段中的uAlthoughresearchershavelongknownthesetwoperiods—theearlyHoloceneandLastInterglacial—experiencedwarmingintheArctic,themixofflyspeciesshowsthatGreenlandwasevenwarmerthanpreviouslythought. 尽管彳讲究人员很早就知道这两个时期 一一全新世早期和最后一次间冰期 一一在北极经历了变暖，但混合的蝇类表明格陵兰岛甚至比之前认为的还要热。可知，在前两段中提到苍蝇的残骸是为了证明格陵兰岛的温度比之前认为的要高得多。故选Co了证明格陵兰岛的温度比之前认为的要高得多。故选Co(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 “ThisnewinfonnationcouldhelpresearchersbettermeasureGreenland'ssensitivitytowarming,bytestingandimprovingmodelsofclimateandicesheetbehaviour.可知"，这些新信息可以帮助研究人员更好地测量格陵兰岛对气候变暖的敏感性。故选Bo(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 “Aiterall,Greenlandcovers80percentoftheArcticcountryandholdsenoughicetoequal20feetofglobalsealeve1. 'NorthwestGreenlandmightfeelreallyremote,butwhathappenstothaticesheetisgoingtomattertoeveryoneineverycoastalcityaroundtheworld,可知，’”格陵兰岛覆盖了这个北极国家的80%,拥有相当于全球海平面20英尺的冰。“格陵兰西北部可能真的感觉很遥远，但冰盖的变化将关系到世界上每个沿海城市的每个人。 ”故选Do(4)考查主旨大意。本文通过最新的发现一一最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥及湖泥中的苍蝇残骸及其相关研究说明格陵兰岛之前可能更暖和。因此，本文的最佳标题应为 “格陵兰岛曾经更加绿色”。故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。4.阅读理解In2015,amannamedNigelRichardsmemorized386,000wordsintheentireFrenchScrabbleDictionaryinjustnineweeks.However,hedoesnotspeakFrench.Richards1impressivefeatisausetulexampletoshowhowartificialintelligenceworks —realAI.BothofRichardandAItakeinmassiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyinacertainfield.ThepotentialapplicationsforAIareextremelyexciting.BecauseAIcanoutperformhumansatroutinetasks—providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.ButnoteveryjobwillbereplacedbyAI.Infact=fourtypesofjobsarenotatriskatall.First,therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.Second,thecomplex,strategicjobs—executives,diplomats,economists—gowe11beyondtheAIlimitationofsingle-fieIdandBigData.Thentherearetheas-yet-unknownjobsthatwillbecreatedbyAI.Areyouworriedthatthesethreetypesofjobswon'temployasmanypeopleasAIwillreplace?Nottoworry,asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.Thesejobsrequirecompassion,trustandsympathy—whichAIdoesnothave.AndevenifAItriedtofakeit,nobodywouldwantarobottellingthemtheyhavecancer,orarobottobabysittheirchildren.SotherewillstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.Thismustbetheresponsibilitynotjustofthegovernment,whichcanprovidefunds,butalsoofcorporationsandthosewhobenefitmost.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.TomentionNigeTsfeat.C.Tostresstheimportanceofgoodmemory.D.TosuggesthumansgobeyondAIinmemory.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsnoutperformnunderlinedinparagraph2?A.Besuperiorto B.Beinferiorto C.Besimilarto D.BerelatedtoWhichofthefollowingjobsisthemostlikelytobereplaced?A.Thewriter.B.Theshopassistant.C.Thebabysitter. D.Thepsychologist.WhichofthefollowingsuggestionscantheauthorgiveaboutjobreplacementofAI?LimittheapplicationofAItoacertaindegree.Getmoresupportfromthegovernment.C.Applyforthedonationfromcompanies.D.Upgradepeople'sprofessionalskillsallthetime.【答案】(1)A(2)A(3)B(4)D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人工智能有取代人类工作的潜力 ，但是，并非所有工作都会被人工智能取代，有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。因此 ，在人工智能时代人类仍然会有工作，关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训，这样人们才能从事这些工作。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段可知一个名叫奈杰尔 ・理查兹(NigelRichards)的人在短短九周内记住了《法国拼字游戏词典》中的386,000个单词。但是，他不会说法语。其展示了人工智能是如何工作的。而后文主要与人工智能有关 ，由此推断作者写第一段的目的是引出人工智能这个话题。故选A。(2)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"BecauseAlcanoutperformhumansatroutinetasksprovidedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata”可知AI可以在日常任务中outpertbrm人类(前提是该任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中；以及uitistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.可知从技术上讲，人工智能具有在未来大约 15年里取代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能力。结合下文推断人工智能能够具有取代人类的工作是因为 AI在日常任务中表现超过了人类 ，划线词的意思是”胜过，超过"，故选Ao(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 "First,therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.可知四种类型的匚作完全没有风险。首先，有创造性的工作。人工智能不可能像科学家 ，小说家和艺术家那样进行发明创造。也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除A；再根据第四段中的 "asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.可知需要情感的工作，例如老师，保姆和医生也不大可能被取代 ，因此排除C和D。故选Bo(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Sothere willstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem. 可知作”者认为在AI时代仍然会有工作，关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训 ，这样人们才能从事这些工作。进行培训是为了得到专业技能，由此推断作者会给出一直提升人们的专业技能的建议 ，故选Do【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5.阅读理解Onacollegecampingtrip,curiosityaboutwavesandsandcausedRobThielertostudyshorelinesaroundtheworld.ThirtyyearslaterandnowaU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchgeologist,Thieler,iscombiningscienceandsmartphonetechnologytohelpstudyanendangeredbird,theAtlanticCoastpipingplover.Thepipingploverisashorebirdthatbreeds（繁殖）alongtheAtlanticCoast,theGreatLakesandtheGreatPlains.Risingsealevelsassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentintheirbeachhabitats（栖息地）,threatenthespecies（物种）.Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverin2012.Thisisamarkedchangefromthetypicalwayscientistscollectdata,whichinvolvesgatheringinformationusingspecializedequipmentorwritinginnotebooksandthenputtingintospreadsheets.SincereleasingiPlover,scientistshavegathereddataacross1500kmofbreedingrange.ThatequalsaboutathirdofthedistanceacrosstheU.S.,whichisalargeareatocoverforonlytwothousandbreedingpairsofpipingploversontheeastcoast.Insteadofhavingtotrave1andspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieIdusetheapptocollectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.Italsoallowsthemtocollectdataatthesametimeduringeachbreedingseason,providingabetterpictureofchangesthathappenoverlongerperiodsoftime.Andfast,centralizedaccessmeansscientistscanlookatdataquicklytogetareal-timeideaofwhereandhowpipingploversareusingtheirhabitats.WhileiPloverisusedbytrainedfieldstaff,otherappsliketheU.S.GeologicalSurveyfsweb-based“iCoast—DidtheCoastChange?”invitecitizenscientiststoidentitycoastalchangesbycomparingbirdrs-eye-viewphotographstakenbeforeandafterstorms.Alltheinformationscientistsandcitizenscientistsalikecollecthelpsfederalandstateagenciescreatepolicyplansforaddressingclimatechangeimpacts（影响）worldwide.（1）Whatcanweknowaboutthepipingplover?A.Itsbehaviourischanging. B.Itshabitatisgrowingbigger.C.Itslivingenvironmentisbecomingworse.D.ItsbreedingislimitedtotheAtlanticCoast.（2）WhydidThielerdevelopiPlover?A.TostudyshorelinesacrossAmerica. B.Toadvanceinformationtechnology.C.Tofindoutglobalclimatechange. D.Tomonitorchangesofpipingploverhabitats.（3）Whichofthefollowingbenefitstheshorebirds?A.Thecampingequipment. \B.Researchonsmartphones.C.Thechangeablecoast. D.Progressintechnology.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ProtectingEndangeredShorebirds B.RobThieler,aCreativeScientistC.IPlover,ToolforTrainingFieldStaff D.DiffereneesBetweenIPloverandICoast【答案】（1）CDDA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着技术的进步，保护濒危的岸禽鸟类的措施变得更加的有效。(1)考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段RisingsealeveIsassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentintheirbeachhabitats(栖息地),threatenthespecies(物种)可知，笛鸽的生存环境变得越来越糟了。故答案选Co(2)考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverT2012.可知,发明app其目的是为了追踪笛鹤的栖息地的改变。故答案选D。(3)考查推理判断题。根据文章第三段Insteadofhavingtotravelandspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieldusetheapptocollectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.可以推断出，技术的进步，使得科学家获得更有效的数据。故答案选Do(4)考查主旨大意题。根据文章大意：文章主要讲述了随着技术的进步，保护濒危的岸禽鸟类的措施变得更加的有效。故答案选A。【点评】1.要想做好科普英语阅读理解题，同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。.要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题 (HeadUne),导语(Introduction),背景(Background),主体(Mainbody)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根据历年的高考情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。.在进行推理判断时，同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。.阅读理解Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.YetthesafetyandstrengthofaflyingbikewasaIwaysabigproblem.Overthepast10years,developmentsintechnologyhavemovedthedreamofpersonalflyingvehiclesclosertoreality.Now,twogroupsofinventorssaysuchvehiclesmaybeavailablesoon.TheBritishcompanyMalloyAeronauticshasdevelopedaprototype(原型)ofitsflyingbicycle.GrantStapleton,marketingsalesdirectorofMalloyAeronautics,saystheHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly."Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,"headds.Mr.Stapletonsayssafetywasthecompany'smainconcern.Hesaysthedesignerssolvedthesafetyissuebyusingoverlappingrotorstopowerthevehicle.Thecompanyistestingafull-sizeprototypeoftheHoverbike,whichwillmostlikelybeusedfirstbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams.InNewZealand,MartinAircraftCompanyisalsotestingafull-sizeprototypeofitspersonalflyingdevice,calledtheJetpack.Itcanflyformorethan30minutes,upto1,OOOmetershighandreachaspeedof74kilometersperhour.PeterCokeristheCEOofMartinAircraftCompany.HesaidtheJetpack"isbuiltaroundsafetyfromthestart11.Inhiswords, “Reliabilityisthemostimportantelementofit.Wehavesafetybuiltintotheactualstructureitself,verysimilartoaFormulaOneracingcar.TheJetpackusesagasoline-poweredenginethatproducestwopowerluljetstreams.Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachutethatwouldbeused,ifthereshouldbeanemergency.nItstarts_toworkatverylowaltitudeandactuallysavesboththeaircraftandthepilot/*headds.Mr.CokersaystheJetpackwillbereadyforsalesoon.WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHoverbike.A.canhardlygetinandoutofsmallspacesquicklyB.canflyforover30minutes,upto1,000metershighC.hasbeenusedbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteamsD.canbetransportedquicklyafterbeingfoldedandpackedPeterCokerusestheexampleofFormulaOneracingcartoshowthat,A.theJetpackisverysafeandreliableB.theengineoftheJetpackispowerfulC.theactualstructureoftheJetpackisuniqueD.theJetpackcanreachagreatspeedandheight(3)Theunderlinedword"If*inthelastparagraphreferstoA.thejetstream B.theengine C.theJetpack. D.theparachuteWhatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Todescribetheproblemsofinventingflyingvehicles.B.Tointroducethelatestdevelopmentofflyingvehicles.C.Toshowthedifferencesbetweentwoflyingvehicles. D.Toadvertisethetwopersonalflyingvehicles.【答案】(1)DADB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多人梦想可以像骑自行车一样飞。然而会飞的自行车安全性是一个问题。文章介绍了英国公司开发的一种会飞的自行车，以及其特点，比如有一些会飞的自行车带有降落伞的装置。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“theHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly.Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输，故选Do(2)考查推理判断。根据第六段 PeterCoker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全FormulaOne可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于FormulaOneo故Ao⑶考猜。根据最后一段中的 Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachute（降落）thatcanbeusedshouldtherebeanemergency. "Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitude先生 …•"CJetpack上也有降落，可以在急情况下使用。 “在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它可知，Jetpack上的降落（它）是在海拔低才用。由此可知 it指的是parachute"降落”故Do（4）考主旨大意。根据第一段可知，多人一直梦想能像自行一的来去，科技的展个梦想很快。然而行自行的安全性和度一直是个大。接着下面叙述了两家研行器的公司的最新的品，新品把安全放在首位。故 Bo【点】本考点涉及理解，推理判断和猜和主旨大意四个型的考，是一篇科普，考生需要准确掌握信息，同根据上下文的行推理，概括,从而出正确答案。7.理解A12-year-oIdwithendstagecancer,thechildrsparentshadrecentlymovedherfromthehospitaltoherhomeinthesuburbsofLosAngeles.SomedayslaterthegirVsbreathquickened,andherfatherphonedthefamily'shospicenurse.Pleasecome,hesaid.Thenurseknewthevisitwouldrequiremorethanfourhoursofhertime:atwo-hourdriveineachdirection,plushertimewiththegirl.Whydon'tweconnectoverFaceTime,sheasked.Thefatheragreed,andtheyconnected.Thenurseaskedthefathertomovehisdaughtergentlytoherside,thentoherback,toliftthechild'sshirt.Thenursewouldask:Whatdoyousee,whatconcernsyou,andthefatherwouldexplain.Inthisfoshionthepairexaminedthegirl---thenurseonhercomputer,thefatherhisiPad.Togethertheydecidedthatthenurse'spresencewasnotnecessary,thatthechildhadmoretime.Later,thefatherreportedfeelingcomfortedbythenurse.Heappreciatedheravailability,thefactthatshecouldseewhathesaw,andtheirabilitytodiscussitinrealtime.TelemedicinehasbecomeatrendinAmerica.Somehospitalshavegonesofarastospeciallydesigntelemedicineclinics.Theroomisstagedlikeanofficebutwithbetterlighting.There*sanicedeskforthecliniciantositbehind,a computersituatedstageleft,andbooksinthebackground.Aphysiciantakingavideocall fromhomemightwearapairof headphones,equippedwithamic---toensurewhateverthepatientsaysisnrtbroadcasttoanyoneoff-camera.However,thereissomethingmorethanthetechnologybit.AccordingtoDavid,theheadofthetelemedicinepilotthegirVsfamilyhadbeenpartof,there aresomepeoplewhoaregreatinpersonandyouputthemoncamerathey'readeadfish."Somephysiciansarecamerashy.Forothers,thephysicalisolationcanactuallyhelpthembemoreempathetic. "Headds.“Myexperienceisthat,onceyougetpastsomeinitialhurdles,youcanmaintainanintimate,immediateconnectionwithpatientsthatinsomecasesmaybemoreuselulthanevenin-personinteractions,"Davidsays.WhydidthenursesuggestingconnectingviaFaceTime?A.Becauseshewasnotallowedtoleaveherclinic.B.Becauseshehadtotakecareofotherpatientsintheclinic.C.Becauseittooktoomuchtimeonherwaytopatientshome.D.Becausethefetherdidn'tpayforherfareoftransportation.（2）Howdidthefatherthinkofthetelemedicineservice?A.Hedoubtedthequalityoftheservice.B.Hethoughthighlyoftheservice.C.Heinsistedtheservicebeimproved.D.Hechallengedtheauthorityofthenurse.（3）Whatdoweknowabouttheroomsfortelemedicine?A.Betterairconditionersareprovidedforacomfortableenvironment.B.Miesareequippedtoprotectprivacyofpatients.C.Professionalbooksareinplaceforimmediateconsultation.D.Theroomwithacomputerissituatedinthedoctor'shome.（4）Whatchallengesmaycliniciansfaceintelemedicine?A.Theyareafraidofbeingisolatedfrompatients. B.Theycouldnotexaminethepatientscaretully.C.Theyarerequiredtodealwithin-personinteract