黑龙江省哈尔滨2022-2023高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

哈师大附中2021级高二上学期开学考试英语试卷（满分150分时间120分钟）第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Somebooks. B.Someenvelopes.Whatistheman'shobby?A.Playingcomputergames.A.Somebooks. B.Someenvelopes.Whatistheman'shobby?A.Playingcomputergames. B.Climbingmountains.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inamuseum. B.Onabus.Whatdoesthemanmean?Theroomdoesn'tneedpainting.Thewomanisnotworkinghard.Thepaintingworkshouldbefinishedthisweekend.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Ascientist. B.Abook.第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）C.Somepencils.C.Collectingcoins.C.Atabookstore.C.Awriter.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Makingashoppinglist.Doingsomeshopping.Cookingdinner.A.Makingashoppinglist.Doingsomeshopping.Cookingdinner.Whathavethespeakersgotathome?A.Fish.B.Bread.C.Vegetables.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisholiday?A.Excited.B.Satisfied.C.A.Excited.B.Satisfied.C.Disappointed.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?OnTuesday.OnWednesday.OnThursday.OnTuesday.OnWednesday.OnThursday.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whodidthemanmostlyinvitetotheparty?Hisfamily.Hisco-workers.Hisschoolmates.Hisfamily.Hisco-workers.Hisschoolmates.Atwhattimeisthepartygoingtobegin?Around8:00p.m.Around7:00p.m.Around6:00p.m.Around8:00p.m.Around7:00p.m.Around6:00p.m.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomantake?A.Beer.B.Juice.C.Music.A.Beer.B.Juice.C.Music.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?Showhimaroundtheschool.Treathimtolunch.Lookafterastudent.Showhimaroundtheschool.Treathimtolunch.Lookafterastudent.WhenwillRosieToddcometovisittheschool?NextMonday.NextTuesday.NextWednesday.NextMonday.NextTuesday.NextWednesday.WherecanthewomanfindRosieToddatten?Inthehall.Inthelab.Intheoffice.Inthehall.Inthelab.Intheoffice.WhatwillthewomanandRosieTodddotogetherfirst?HaveaSpanishclass.PracticeEnglish.Havelunch.HaveaSpanishclass.PracticeEnglish.Havelunch.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?Acollege.Acourse.Ateacher.Acollege.Acourse.Ateacher.WhatdoweknowaboutHelenParkers?Shepreparestheprizefortheclass.She'swonmanyprizesfbrarts.Sheisanexperiencedteacher.Whatshouldstudentstaketothecourses?A.Brushes.Paints.Anotebook.A.Brushes.Paints.Anotebook.Howoftenwillthelessonstakeplaceaweek?A.Threetimes.B.Sixtimes.C.Eighttimes.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AAmericanExpressGold:Bestt4non-traver,travelcardWhyit'sgreatinonesentence:TheAmericanExpressGoldcardearnstonsofvaluableAmextravelpointsonpracticallyallthefood-relatedpurchasesyou'remakingevenwhenyouarenottraveling,andthecreditsavailableonthecardnearlyoffset（抵消）itsannualfee.Thiscardisrightfor:Peoplewhocanuseallofthecard'svariouscreditsandwhospendsignificantmoneyatrestaurants,onfooddeliveryservicesoratU.S.supermarketswhiletheyarenotontheroad.Highlights:First,withtheAmexGold,you'llearn4pointsforeverydollaryouspendonrestaurantsworldwide,andonupto$25,000inannualpurchasesatU.S.supermarkets（1pointperdollarafterwards）.Mostfooddeliveryservicescountas“restaurants“onthiscard,sothatmeansthevastmajorityofyourfoodpurchaseswillearn4points,regardlessofhowyou'reeating.You'llalsoearn3pointsperdollarwhenyoubookairfaredirectlywithanairline,soifyou'relookingtojumponanysalesforflightslaterintheyear,youcanpayforthemwiththeAmexGoldandearnextrapointsonthoseaswell.ThepointsearnedonthiscardareAmericanExpressMembershipRewardspoints,whichareextremelyuseful.Youcanredeem（兑取现金）themdirectlyforflightsviaAmexTravelat1centeach,butifyouputinsomeextraeffortandresearch,youcanpotentiallygetmuchmorevaluefromthembytransferringthemtoanyofAmex's21airlineandhotelpartners,whichincludeDeltaAirLines,JetBlue,Marriottandmanymore.WhatcanweknowabouttheAmericanExpressGoldcard?A.Itrequiresnoannualfee. B.Ithasalinkwithfoodpurchases.C.Itistargetedatdeliveryservices. D.It.isrightforrestaurantmanagers.Ifyouspend$25,800annuallyatU.S.supermarkets,howmanypointswillyouearn?A.100,000. B.100,800. C.103,200. D.400,000.Whatcanyoudowiththesepointsonthiscard?Changethemintomoneytobuyfood.Transferguestsfromairlinestohotels.Purchaseservicesinsuggestedairlines.Makesomeextraeffortanddoresearch.【答案】l.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是美国运通金卡的特点和优势。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thiscardisrightfor:Peoplewhocanuseallofthecard'svariouscreditsandwhospendsignificantmoneyatrestaurants,onfooddeliveryservicesoratU.S.supermarketswhiletheyarenotontheroad.（这张卡适用于：当你不在路上时，可以使用卡上所有的各种积分，或者在餐馆、外卖服务或美国超市花费大量金钱的人。）”可知，美国运通卡金卡与食品购买有关。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Highlights:部分的uFirst,withtheAmexGold,you'llearn4pointsfbreverydollaryouspendonrestaurantsworldwide,andonupto$25,000inannualpurchasesatU.S.supermarkets（1pointperdollarafterwards）」首先，有了美国运通金牌，你在世界各地的餐厅每消费1美元就能获得4分，在美国超市每年消费最高25,000美元（之后每消费1美元可获得1分）。）”可获得的积分是25,000*4+800*1=100,800分，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段"YoucanredeemthemdirectlyforflightsviaAmexTravelat1centeach,butifyouputinsomeextraeffortandresearch,youcanpotentiallygetmuchmorevaluefromthembytransferringthemtoanyofAmex's21airlineandhotelpartners,whichincludeDeltaAirLines,JetBlue,Marriottandmanymore.（您可以通过美国运通旅行直接兑换机票，每张1美分，但如果你付出额外的努力和研究，你可以通过将它们转移到美国运通的21家航空公司和酒店合作伙伴，包括达美航空、捷蓝航空、万豪等那里，从而获得更多的价值。）”可知，你能用这张卡片上的积分在建议的航空公司购买服务。故选C。BMedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.一especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallengeseriously.Soshewenttowork.TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentravellingalone.UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogramittosendawarningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshefailstoarriveatadestinationwithinacertaintime.ItwasthefirstiOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn'tthinkmuchwouldcomefromtheproject,hereffortcaughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalAppChallenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerforVirginia's10thDistrict.TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencouragestudentstoconsidercareersinscience,technology,engineering,andmathbyexperimentingwithcodingandcomputerscience.WinningstudentsareinvitedtoattendareceptiononCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived$250inAmazonWebServicecredits.Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,programandtesttheapp.Asfbrhernextapp?Medha'snotcertain.Shetemporarilyhasherapp-developmentambitionsonholdbecauseshe'sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknowsthatthereareteamsofengineersprobablydoingthesamething.Butshefiguresitcan'thurtherownpart,too.“Ifweseesomethingwrongwiththeworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit,“shesaid."Afterall,theonlyonestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.WhydidMedhaGuptafeelworried?Ittookalongtimetowalkhome.Itwascolderthaneverinwinter.Itwasunsafetowalkhomealone.Itwasdifficulttowriteanapp.WhatisMedha'sattitudetohermother'ssuggestion?A.Curious. B.Sensitive. C.Uncertain. D.Optimistic.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onhold,,inParagraph6mean?A.Delayed. B.Developed. C.Suspected. D.Satisfied.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.MedharegisteredfortheAppChallenge.MedhadesignedSafeTravelsuccessfully.TheAppChallengedirectsstudentstochoosecareers.Anappguideswalkershome.【答案】4C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了MedhaGupta设计了一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全。这款应用参加了应用程序挑战赛并成为获胜者。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.—especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.（MedhaGupla有时会担心从校车停在的街角走20分钟到她在赫恩登的家——尤其是在寒冷的冬天。）”以及第三段中“TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentravellingalone.（结果就是Medha设计的一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全。）”可知，MedhaGupta会感到担心是因为独自走回家不安全。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhadidn'ttakethechallengelightly.Soshesetouttowork.（她的母亲DivyaGupta提出了一个建议：编写一个应用程序。但梅达认真对待这个挑战，但Medha并没有轻易接受这个挑战。于是她开始工作。）”可推知，Medha对母亲的建议持乐观态度。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“becauseshe'sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.（因为她正忙着自学人工智能来帮助处理Facebook上的不当词汇。）”可知，Medha因为正忙着自学人工智能，帮助自己处理Facebook上的不当言论，所以让开发应用程序的雄心推迟了。划线词onhold意思是“推迟”。A.Delayed.推迟；B.Developed.发展;C.Suspected.怀疑;D.Satisfied.满足。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中"TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewheniravellingalone.（结果就是Medha设计的一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全）”结合文章主要说明了MedhaGupta设计了一款名为“安全旅行”的应用，它可以帮助行人在独自旅行时感到更安全。这款应用参加了应用程序挑战赛并成为获胜者。可知，文章主旨是Medha成功设计了“安全旅行”。故选B。CTheproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon'tknow.Bynextyear,halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺诈）.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions”（解决方案）becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture,it'snotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou'rehearingisactuallyreal.Thafsbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation处理）andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailablefbranyonetouse.Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches（数据侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother'sname,andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge,they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's,trickingyouinto“confirming“youraddress,mother'sname,andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney,socompanieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually.Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby,orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications—usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.8.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstoproblemofrobocalls?A.Panicked. B.Confused. C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed.Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammercan.A.aimatvictimsprecisely B.damagedatabaseseasilyC.startcampaignsrapidly D.spreadinformationwidelyWhatdoesthepassageimply?Honestyisthebestpolicy.Technologiescanbedouble-edged.C.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.D.Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlefbrthepassage?WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRootedWhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocallsWhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerousHowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology【答案】8.D 9.A10.B11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。【8题详解】推理判断题o根据第一段中的Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese"solutions”（解决方案）becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches（数据侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother'sname,andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge,they,reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's,trickingyouinto“confirming”youraddress,mother'sname,andcardnumber.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Atthisyear,sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段提到：robocalls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。DWhenwe'rebusydoingthingswelove,wedon'tthinkabouthowoldweareorthestateofourknees.Butthensomethingpullsusupshort,likeapoliteyoungmanofferinghisseat,oraccompanyingyoutocrosstheroad,andsuddenlywe'rewalkingmoreslowly,feelingjustalittleworseaboutlifeingeneral.Thewaytheseinternalized（内在化的）attitudesaboutagingaffectusphysicallyisafocuswithinagrowingfieldinsocialpsychologyknownasmind-bodystudies.Inthenextfewmonths,theWorldHealthOrganizationisexpectedtopublishtheresultsofaglobalinvestigationofageism—discriminationtowardtheaged—thatwilladdresshowtofighttheprejudice.Thereportwillalsooutlinethevariouswaysthatageistattitudescanaffectthehealthandwell-beingofolderpeople.PsychologistBeccaLevyisacontributortothecomingWHOreport.Shehasspenthercareerlinkingnegativeagingattitudestosuchmeasuresaswalkingspeedinolderpeople,agreaterlikelihoodofdevelopingthebrainchangesofAlzheimer'sdiseaseandevenareductioninlifespan.Butit'snotallterrible.Levy,attheYaleSchoolofPublicHealth,hasalsoshownthatsomethingassimpleaspotentialexposuretoage-positivewordscanleadtophysicalimprovementsinolderpeopleofthesort.Thosetypicallycomeaboutonlyafteraprogramofregularexercise.IfLevyandotherscientistsarecorrect,puttingamorepositiveeffectonourgeneralviewofagingmightmakeaprofounddifferenceinthehealthofpeopleover65,thefastest-growingagegroupinAmericatoday.Someofthemostsurprisingmind-bodyfindingsimply:Amorepositiveattitudetowardagingleadstoimprovementsinolderpeople'smemory,balance,speedandqualityoflife.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewillrealizethey'reatanadvancedagewhen.A.theyareoccupiedwithwork B.theirkneesareeasilyhurtC.someonehelpsthemgoacrossthestreet D.theyofferseatstoothersWhatcanweknowfromtheWHOreport?A.Thereislittleprejudicetotheelderly. B.Ageismmaydophysicalandmentaldamagetotheelderly.C.Peoplearesupposedtofightagainstdiscrimination.D.Ageismisamainresearchfieldinsocialpsychology.14.WhatdoesLevysuggestpeopledo?A.Helptheoldtobemoreexposedtoage-positivewords.B.Communicatewiththeoldusingmorecomplexwords.C.Helptheoldtotakeexerciseregularly. D.Talktotheoldmorefrequently.Whatmessageismainlyconveyedinthepassage?Agingisanurgentproblemtobesolvedaroundtheworld.Theinternalizedattitudesaredeterminedbytheagingprocess.Theseniorcitizensshouldliveindependentlytoslowaging.Positiveattitudestowardagingmaypayoffinolderpeople'shealth.【答案】12.C 13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对衰老持更积极的态度会改善老年人的记忆力、平衡性、速度和生活质量。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段"Whenwe'rebusydoingthingswelove,wedon'tthinkabouthowoldweareorthestateofourknees.Butthensomethingpullsusupshort,likeapoliteyoungmanofferinghisseat,oraccompanyingyoutocrosstheroad,andsuddenlywe'rewalkingmoreslowly,feelingjustalittleworseaboutlifeingeneral.（当我们忙着做自己喜欢的事情的时候，我们不会考虑自己的年龄和膝盖的状况。但突然有什么事让我们停下脚步，比如一个彬彬有礼的年轻人给我们让座，或者陪你过马路，突然我们走得更慢了，对生活的总体感觉有点糟糕。）”可知，我们只有别人在给我们让路、或者扶我过马路时才会觉得自己老了。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Thereportwillalsooutlinethevariouswaysthatageistattitudescanaffectthehealthandwell-beingofolderpeople.（报告还将概述年龄歧视态度可能影响老年人健康和福祉的各种方式。）”可知，年龄歧视会影响老年人身心健康。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段"Levy,attheYaleSchoolofPublicHealth,hasalsoshownthatsomethingassimpleaspotentialexposuretoage-positivewordscanleadtophysicalimprovementsinolderpeopleofthesort.（耶鲁大学公共卫生学院的列维还表明，一些简单的事情，比如潜在地接触积极的年龄词汇，可以导致这类老年人的身体改善。）”可知，积极的年龄词汇对老年人有好处，所以人们可以帮助老年人多接触积极的年龄词汇。故选Ao【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段uAmorepositiveattitudetowardagingleadstoimprovementsinolderpeople'smemory,balance,speedandqualityoflife.（对衰老持更积极的态度会改善老年人的记忆力、平衡性、速度和生活质量。）”及全文可知，如果对衰老抱有积极的态度，那么就会对老年人健康有好处。故选D。EEddieMcKay,aonce-forgottenpilot,isasubjectofgreatinteresttoagroupofhistorystudentsinCanada.ItallstartedwhenGrahamBroad,aprofessorattheUniversityofWesternOntario,foundMcKay'snameinafootnoteinabookaboutuniversityhistory.McKaywasincludedinalistofuniversityalumni（校友）whohadservedduringtheFirstWorldWar,buthisnamewasunfamiliartoBroad,aspecialistinmilitaryhistory.Outofcuriosity.Broadspenthoursatthelocalarchives（档案馆）inafruitlesssearchforinformationonMcKay.Tiredanddiscouraged,hefinallygaveup.Onhiswayout,Broad'sglancehappenedtofallonanexhibitingcaseshowingsomeoldnewspapers.Hiseyewasdrawntoanoldpictureofayoungmaninarugbyuniform.Ashereadthewordsbesidethepicture,heexperiencedathrillingrealization."Afterlookingfbrhimallday,therehewas,staringupatmeoutoftheexhibitingcaseJsaidBroad.Excitedbythefind,Broadaskedhisstudentstocontinuehissearch.Theycombedoldnewspapersandothermaterialsforclues.Gradually,apicturecameintoview.CaptainAlfredEdwinMcKayjoinedtheBritishRoyalFlyingCorpsin1916.Hedownedtenenemyplanes,outlivedhisentiresquadron（中队）asaWWIflyer,spentsometimeasaflyinginstructorinEngland,thenreturnedtothefront,wherehewaseventuallyshotdownoverBelgiumandkilledinDecember1917.Butthere'smoretohisstory."Forabrieftimein1916hewasprobablythemostfamouspilotintheworld,“saysBroad."HewascreditedwithdowningOswaldBoelcke,themostfamousGermanpilotatthetime."Yet,inaletterhome,McKayrefusedtotakecredit,sayingthatBoelckehadactuallycrashedintoanotherGermanplane.McKay'swarrecordsweredestroyedduringaWorldWarIIairbombingonLondon―anexplanationforwhyhewasallbutforgotten.Butnow,thankstotheeffortsofBroadandhisstudents,amarkerinMcKay'smemorywasplacedontheuniversitygroundsinNovember2007.“IfoundmyeyesfillingwithtearsasIreadtheword'deceased'（阵亡）nexttohisname,“saidCoreyEverrett,astudentwhofoundapictureofMckayinhisuniform.fcfcThiswassuchasimpleexampleofthefactthathehadbeenastudentjustlikeus,butinsteadoffinishinghistimeatWestern,hechosetofightanddiefbrhiscountry.”WhatmadeProfessorBroadcontinuehissearchformoreinformationonMcKay?A.AuniformofMcKay. B.AfootnoteaboutMcKay.C.AbookonMcKay. D.ApictureofMcKay.WhatdidthestudentsfindoutaboutMcKay?Hetrainedpilotsforsometime.Helivedlongerthanotherpilots.HediedintheSecondWorldWar.HewasdownedbythepilotBoelcke.McKay'sflyingdocumentsweredestroyedin.A.Belgium B.Germany C.Canada D.EnglandWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatMcKay.preferredfighttohisstudywenttowarbeforegraduationleftapictureforCoreyEverrettsetanexampleforhisfellowstudentsWhatisthetextmainlyabout?Theresearchintowarhistory.Thefindingofaforgottenhero.Thepilotsofthetwoworldwars.Theimportanceofmilitarystudies.【答案】16.D17.A18.D19.B20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一位被遗忘的飞行员McKay。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hiseyewasdrawntoanoldpictureofayoungmaninarugbyuniform.Ashereadthewordsbesidethepicture,heexperiencedathrillingrealization."Afterlookingforhimallday,therehewas,staringupatmeoutoftheexhibitingcase,“saidBroad.Excitedbythefind,Broadaskedhisstudentstocontinuehissearch.（他的目光被一张穿着橄榄球制服的年轻人的旧照片所吸引。当他读到图片旁边的文字时，他经历了一场激动人心的领悟。Broad说：“在找了他一整天之后，他就在那里，从展柜里盯着我"。Broad对这一发现感到兴奋，他要求他的学生继续他的搜索。）”可知，在看到McKay照片后，Broad继续了搜查McKay的信息，故选D。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段"Hedownedtenenemyplanes,outlivedhisentiresquadron（中队）asaWW1flyer,spentsometimeasaflyinginstructorinEngland,thenreturnedtothefront,wherehewaseventuallyshotdownoverBelgiumandkilledinDecember1917.（他击落了十架敌机，作为第一次世界大战的飞行者，他的整个中队都活了下来。在英国担任了一段时间的飞行教官，然后返回前线，最终在比利时上空被击落，并于1917年12月被杀。）”可知，学生们查明McKay在英国担任过飞行教官，故McKay曾指导过飞行员，故选A。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“McKay'swarrecordsweredestroyedduringaWorldWarIIairbombingonLondon—anexplanationforwhyhewasallbutforgotten.（McKay的战争记录在第二次世界大战对伦敦的一次空袭中被毁，这就解释了为什么他几乎被遗忘了。）”可知，McKay的飞行记录在英国伦敦被毁，故选Do【19题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段”"Thiswassuchasimpleexampleofthefactthathehadbeenastudentjustlikeus,butinsteadoffinishinghistimeatWestern,hechosetofightanddieforhiscountry."（"这是一个如此简单的例子，说明他和我们一样是一名学生，但他没有结束在西部大学的时间，而是选择为他的国家而战并死去"。可知，McKay毕业前就参战了，故选B。【20题详解】文章大意题。根据第一段"EddieMcKay,aonce-forgottenpilot,isasubjectofgreatinteresttoagroupofhistorystudentsinCanada.（EddieMcKay是一位曾经被遗忘的飞行员，他是加拿大一群历史系学生非常感兴趣的主题。）”可知，文章主要讲述一名被遗忘的英雄，故选B。第二节（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ADiningaloneisbecomingmorecommon,andthere'sabsolutelynothingtobeembarrassedaboutifyouwanttotakeyourselfoutforanicemeal!Eatingamealonyourownsimplyshowsthatyou'recomfortablewithyourselfandconfidentthatyou'llenjoyyourowncompany.21Hopefully,you'llbepleasantlysurprisedbytheexperience.Sitonthepatiowhentheweatherisnicetoenjoythefreshair.Beingaloneonthepatioisalsoawaytofeellessconspicuousifyou'realittlenervousdiningalone.Justthinkofhowmanytimesyou'vepassedacafeandseenasolodinerreadingtheirbookandenjoyingalunchtimebreak!Eatslowlyandrelishtheflavorsofyourmeal.Youmightwanttoeatasquicklyaspossiblesoyoucanleave,especiallyifyou'refeelingself-consciousabouteatingalone.23Cheweachbitethoroughlyandthinkabouttheflavorprofiles.Putyourutensilsdownfromtimetotimeandlookaroundorenjoyasipofyourdrink.Takeadeepbreathifyoustarttofeelself-conscious.24Youmightfeellikeotherpeoplearelookingatyouorjudgingyou,buttrytorememberthatchancesare,they'retoobusythinkingaboutthemselves.Whennegativefeelingsstarttorise,pause,takeabreath,andfocusonyourmeal.25Steppingawayfromphonecalls,texts,emails,andsocialmediamightbejustthethingyouneedtounwindfromabusyday.Doingawaywithyourphonewillhelpyoubemorepresent,enjoyyourself,andappreciateyourmeal.Putyourcellphoneaway.Tasteitinanactiveway.Giveitatryandseehowitfeels.It'smuchmorecommonthanyouthink.Trytoslowdownandfocusonyourfood.Eatingallbyyourselfmaymeanloneliness.Eatingalonecansparkfeelingsofinsecurityandanxiety.【答案】2LC22.D23.E24.G25.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了独自一人在外吃饭的几点建议。【21题详解】根据下文uHopefully,you'llbepleasantlysurprisedbytheexperience.（希望你会对这次经历感到惊喜）可至此处鼓励读者尝试一下独自一人在外面吃饭，故C项（试一下，看看感觉如何）符合语境。【22题详解】根据上文“Justthinkofhowmanytimesyou'vepassedacafeandseenasolodinerreadingtheirbookandenjoyingalunchtimebreak!"（想想看，有多少次你路过一家咖啡馆，看到一个独自用餐的人在看书，享受惬意的午餐时间！）可知，独自一人在外吃饭很常见，howmanytimes与选项中的muchmorecommon相对应，故D项（这比你想象的要普遍得多）符合语境。【23题详解】下文aCheweachbitethoroughlyandthinkabouttheflavorprofiles.Putyourutensilsdownfromtimetotimeandlookaroundorenjoyasipofyourdrink.M（仔细咀嚼每一口，细细品味。不时放下餐具，环顾四周或啜饮一口）说明要慢慢品味美食，故E项（试着慢下来，专注于你的食物）符合语境。【24题详解】下文“Youmightfeellikeotherpeoplearelookingatyouorjudgingyou"（你可能会觉得别人在看你或评判你）说明独自在外吃饭有时会引起紧张焦虑，且选项中的feelingsofinsecurityandanxiety与下文中的negativefeelings一致，故G项（独自在外吃饭会引发不安全感和焦虑感）符合语境。【25题详解】下文uSteppingawayfromphonecalls,texts,emails,andsocialmediamightbejustthethingyouneedtounwindfromabusyday.Doingawaywithyourphonewillhelpyoubemorepresent,enjoyyourself,andappreciateyourmeal.”（远离电话、短信、电子邮件和社交媒体可能正是你在忙碌的一天中需要放松的事情。收起你的手机会让你更现身，享受生活，享受美食）说明要收起手机，好好享受美食，故A项（把你的手机收起来）符合语境。BWhenwewerekids,summeractivitieswereagreatescape.Myonlygoaleachdaywastofigureoutthebiggerthrill:hide-and-seekwithmycousins,aballgamewithmybrother,orrereadingdetectivestoriesforhoursonend.Funwastheonlyendgame（最后阶段）.26Thatcomeswithitsownbenefits.Wecanstayupasla