(完整word版)初中英语句子成分讲解-练习及答案

副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语 一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。如：Hediditcarefully.（副词）Weoftenhelphim.（副词）HermothergoesouttodosomeshoppingonSunday.（介词短语）WhenIgrowup,Iamgoingtobeateacher.（从句作时间状语）Hesitsthere.（副词地点状语）【简单句的五种基本句型】A.主语+不及物动词（主谓）如：Thesunrises.太阳升起来。Thecarstopped.小汽车停下来了。rise和stop都是不及物动词，因此后边不必加宾语。B.主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾）如：Ilovemycountry. Hehelpsme.Ilikeactionmovies.Ibuyabook.C.主语+系动词+表语（主系表）如：Herbrotherisadriver.Wefeelhappy.（feel为系动词，表示感到 ）Itgetsdark.天黑了。（get为系动词，表示变得）Tomlooksill.Tom看上去病了。（look为系动词，表示看上去，看起来）D.主语+及物动词+双宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语） （主谓+直宾+间宾）如：HegivesTomapresent.（双宾语） 他给汤姆一件礼物。Mothermakeanewdressforme.（双宾语） 妈妈为我做了一件衣服。E.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（主+谓+宾+宾补）如：TheycallherMary.（宾补） 他们叫她Mary。Wemakeourclassroomcleanandtidy.（宾补） 我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。Healwaysmakesuslaugh.（宾补） 他总使我们笑。二、典型例题写出划线部分的句子成分。Lilyiscleaningthedesknow.Hergardenisthebestinourtown.LiuMingisthirteenyears01d.Ilikethisbookverymuch.ThegirlonthebluebikeisJane'sister.Shedidn'tcomemypartybecauseshewasill.WangPingdoeshishomeworkcarefully.8.WewillgototheChildrensPala8.WewillgototheChildrensPalao.niceaweek.Theyareintheclassroom.Itsoundsgood.HisnameisPaul.Wealwaysgotoschoolearly.三、课后练习（一）挑出下列句中的宾语TOC\o"1-5"\h\zMybrotherdoesn'tdohishomework.A BCDPeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.ABC DYoumustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.AB CDHowmanynewwordsdoyoulearn?ABCDSomeofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?A BCD（二）挑出下列句中的表语The01dmanjsfeelingverytired.ABC DWhyisheworriedaboutJim?ABCDTheleaveshaveturnedyellow.ABCDSoonTheyallbecomeinterestedinthesubject.ABC DSheisthefirsttolearnaboutit.ABCD（三）挑出下列句中的定语TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.AB CDWhatisyourgivenname?ABCDOnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.ABCDIamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.ABC DThemandownstairswastryingtosleep.A B CD（四）挑出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.（四）挑出下列句中的宾语补足语TOC\o"1-5"\h\zHeaskshertotaketheboyoutofschool.ABC DShefinditdifficulttodothework.ABC DTheycallmeLilysometimes.ABCDIsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.ABC D（五）挑出下列句中的状语Therejsabigsmileonherface.ABC DEverynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.A BCDHebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.ABC DThemanonthemotorbikeistravellingtofast.A B C DWlhthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.A BCD（六）划出句中的直接宾语（）和间接宾语（）Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Doesheleaveanymessageforme?（七）分析下列句子的句子成分Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.Seeingisbelieving.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch.Shebecameadoctorin1998.Thebooklyingontheflooraremine.Suddenlyitbegantorain.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday.Ialwaysfindherhappy.HewondersIfI stillstudyEnglish.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.Theyloveeachother.Whatdidyoubuy?Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.Yourjobtodayistohelptheold.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.划分句子成分练习二Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.ItisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyouAllofusconsideredhimhonest.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.Hebrokeapieceofglass.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity1loveyoumorethanher,child.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.Theypushedthedooropen.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.AllthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteachingWeneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.Don'tgetnervoushelpyourselftowhatyoulike.划分句子成分练习题（2）（一）指出下例句中主语的中心词Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.（二）选出句中谓语的中心词Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wallThedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summerDoyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoonDidthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfastTomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn'tC.doD.hishomeworkWhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.isWehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctorHeisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.musicWhomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book（三）挑出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.ABCDPeople_allovertheworldspeakEnglish.AB C DYoumustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z-Ab~ -C DHowmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?A BCDSomeofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?A BCDTheoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.A BCDTheymadehimmonitoroftheclass.ABCDGoacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.AB CDYouwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.ABCDTheydidn'tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.ABC D（四）挑出下列句中的表语The01dmanwasfeelingverytired.ABC DWhyisheworriedaboutJim?ABCDTheleaveshaveturnedyellow.ABCDSoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.ABC DShewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.ABCD（五）挑出下例句中的定语TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.AB CDWhatisyourgivenname?ABCDOnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.ABCDTOC\o"1-5"\h\zIamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.ABC DThemandownstairswastryingtosleep.AB CDIamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!AB C D（六）挑出下例句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.AB C DHeaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.ABC DShefound_itdifficulttodothework.ABC DTheycallmeLilysometimes.A/\BCCDIsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zABC DDidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?A B C D（七）挑出下例句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.ABC DEverynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.A BCDHebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.ABC DThemanonthemotorbikewastravellingtofast.A B C DWOhthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.A BCDShelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.ABC DIamafraidthatifyou've10stit,youmustpayfo门t.AB C DThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.ABC D（八）划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme?⑤me,⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语2.定，状4.谓，宾，状6.谓，状8.谓，状10.表12.状，状划分句子成分练习题（2）参考答案（一）①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo（二）①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A（三）①D②D③B④A⑤B⑥D⑦C⑧D⑨A⑩D（四）①D②B③D④C⑤B（五）①C②C③A④B⑤B⑥D（六）①C②C③C④C⑤D⑥B（七）①D②A③D④D⑤A⑥D⑦C⑧D（八）①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语典型例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分。.主，谓，宾，状3.表5士士.7E,7E7.谓，宾，状9.表11.定，表课后练习（三）①D②D③B④A⑤B（四）①D②B③D④C⑤B（五）①C②C③A④B⑤B（六）①C②C③C④C⑤D（七）①D②A③D④D⑤A（八）①us,间接宾语astory, 直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike, 直接宾语③us,间接宾语history, 直接宾语④Tom,间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.主语系表结构做谓语地点状语 时间状语Seeingisbelieving.动词ing做主语谓语宾语AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch.主语谓语宾语 程度副词状语Shebecameadoctorin1998.主语谓语宾语时间状语Thebooklyingontheflooraremine.主语 补语 谓语宾语SuddenlyiLbegantorain.状