高考英语语法针对型训练（二）冠词

高考英语语法针对型训练（二）：高频语法+冠词1.

TanzanianwriterAbdulrazakGurnahwasawardedthe2021NobelPrizeinLiteratureandhisexperienceofcrossingcontinentsandcultures①_________(feed)hisnovelswiththeeffectofmigrationonindividualsandsocietiesoverthepastyears.TheSwedishAcademysaidhisnovelsmakepeoplenoticea②_________(cultural)diversifiedEastAfricathatisnotsowell-known.

Bornin1948ontheislandofZanzibar,nowpartofTanzania,Gurnahfled

③_________Britainasateenagerefugee(难民)inthelate1960s.HebeganwritingafterarrivinginEnglandasawayofexploringboththe④_________(lose)andliberationofthemigrationexperience.GurnahusedEnglishasatoolashebeganwriting,

⑤_________nativelanguageisSwahili.

Gurnahisfamousforbothhisnovelsandanumberofshortstories⑥_________(focus)ontherefugees'disruption(混乱).HisworkgivespeopleavividpictureofanotherAfrica⑦_________(familiar)tomanyinotherpartsoftheworld.

Newsoftheaward⑧_________(greet)withexcitementinZanzibar,wherethoseknowingGurnahdescribedhimassoft-spokenandmodest.Gurnahdidn'toftenvisitZanzibar,buthehassuddenlybecome

⑨_________talkoftheislandregion.It'samazing⑩_________(see)thissincethisisanewsteptomakepeoplereadbooksagaininaworldwheretheInternethastakenover.2.Tree-climbingclasstakesrootinHubei

Recently,atree-climbingclassisgrowingpopularamongstudentsattheSportInstituteofHubeiUniversity,withmoreandmorepeople

①_____(show)interestinlearningthetricksofthetradeforscalingtimber.

AtaclassonMonday,LuJunpei,aPEteacher,showed16studentssomeof②_____mostimportanttechniques.Heputonahelmet,fastenedstrapsandtiedropeknots.③_____(eye)byallhisstudents,Luspentlessthaneightminutesreachingthetopofa25-metertree."Becausemanystudentsareshowinginterest,theschoolplanstoaddmoreseats④_____theclasstoallowmorestudents⑤_____(learn)andpractice."saidLu,⑥_____isalsoamemberoftheEnshiBlueSkyRescueTeam.

HubeiUniversityisoneofthefirst⑦_____(university)inChinatoincludecoursesontreeclimbing.Teachersandstudentsattheuniversity⑧_____(win)twogoldsandtwosilversattheHongKongTreeClimbingChampionshipin2017.Tree-climbingisaslowactivity.It’snotsomethingyoudoquicklyandthenyou’reontothenextthingorevent.Now,peoplebegintomisstheolddays,sotree-climbing⑨_____(bring)intomanyothereducationalprograms.Itwillbe⑩_____(definite)helpfultomakestudentsawayfromonlinegamesandimprovetheirhealth.3.The

①__________(popular)ofChinese-ownedvideosharingserviceTikTokcontinuestogrowamongyoungpeopleintheUnitedStates.In2019,expertssaytheservicedoubled②__________(it)Americanuserbaseto37million.TikTokis③__________(particular)popularamongteensandyoungadults.Theserviceletsuserscreateandshareshortvideos,manyof

④__________

areunder15seconds.The

TikTokapp

offersa⑤__________(wide)choiceofsounds,briefpartsofsongsandspecialeffectstoolsthantraditionalvideo-sharingapps⑥__________(help)createbettervideos.Videos

oftenincludepopularsongsfromwell-knownartistsandTikTokhasevenhelpedlaunchthecareersofnewmusicstars.Successfulvideo-sharingappsSnapchatandInstagramalsomainlyinterestyounguserswithawidemixofphotosandvideos⑦__________(center)largelyon

fashion,popcultureandhumor.ButTikTokistakinguparemarkablemarketsharenow.⑧__________,itisconsideredastrongcompetitortobothofthem.Lastyear,TikTokwas

⑨__________

second-mostdownloadedappfromAppleandGooglestores,onlylessthanWhatsApp.ResearchcompanySensorTowerestimatesthatpeople​⑩__________(download)theTikTokapp1.65billiontimessofar.4.

Oneofthemostunique

①_____(quality)ofErhuisthatitonlyhastwostrings.Butevenwithonlyavery

②_____(limit)numberofstrings,professionalErhuplayerscanconveyalotofemotionswiththeirplay.Erhuisanexpressivebowedstringinstrumentthatcanproduceanimals'soundsandevenhumanvoices.

Despiteitspopularity,there

③_____(be)veryfewhistoricalrecordsaboutErhu.Thereisageneralconsensus

④_____Erhuisactuallyan

⑤_____(adapt)ofXigin.aninstrumentthat

⑥_____(introduce)intocentralChinaduringthetimesoftheTangDynasty.

Erhuissimilartotheviolin,buttherearemanysignificantdifferences⑦_____them.Forinstance,Erhuis

⑧_____(normal)playedonamusician'slap(oronatable)vertically.Ithasnofingerboard,andthebowisalreadyfixedbetweenthetwostringsnotaseparatepartof

⑨_____(instrument).

Erhuistechnicallyastringinstrumentwithmiddle-highsoundrange,knownfor

⑩_____(produce)thetenderandsomber(忧郁的)music.5.

Howdoyoucount1.3billionpeopleinthemiddleofapandemic?China,astheworld'smostpopulouscountry,willlaunchitsseventh①_____(nation)census(人口普查)onNovember1.

Accordingtostate-runnewsagencyXinhua,thehugeundertakingwillseearound7millioncensus②_____(worker)spreadoutacrossthecountry,③_____(collect)names,IDnumbers,gender,maritaldetails,aswellaseducationandprofessionalinformation.

Aswellastraditionalmethods,citizenswillalso④_____(recommend)usingcellphonesandotherdigitaltools⑤_____(declare)personalandfamilyinformation.

Chinaconductsitscensusevery10years.Thelastsurvey​⑥_____(find)thepopulationhadincreasedfrom1.29billionto1.37billion.Lastyear,thecountry'sbirthratehitits⑦_____(low)levelsincethefoundingofthePeople'sRepublic

⑧_____1949.Thestatisticsalsorevealedthatmorethan250millionChinesewereover60yearsoldlastyear,⑨_____makeupmorethan18%ofthepopulation.Thefigureisforecasttorisetoathirdofthepopulationby2050—or480millionpeople.

Thisyear'scensusmayevenshowadecreasein⑩_____totalsizeofthepopulationforthefirsttimeindecades,settingthestageforIndiatoovertakeChinaastheworld'smostpopulouscountry.6.Akingofferedaprizetotheartist①________

wouldpaintthemostimpressivepictureofpeace.The②________(compete)washeatedasmanyartiststried.Thekinglookedatallthepictures,ofwhichonlytwohereallyliked,andhehadtochoosebetweenthem.Onepicturewasofacalmlake③________(perfect)reflectingtoweringmountainsallaroundit.Overheadwasablueskywithwhiteclouds.Whattheking④________(see)intheotherpicturewerebaremountains,andabovewasanangrysky,fromwhichrainfell⑤________(constant).Downthesideofthemountaintumbled(翻滚)ahugewaterfall,whichdidnotlook⑥________(peace)atall.Lookingclosely,thekingsawbehindthewaterfallatinybushgrowinginarock.Inthebush

⑦________

birdhadbuilthernest.There,inthemiddleoftherushofangrywater,satthebirdonhernest—inperfectpeace.Allwhosawthispicturethoughtthatthefirstpicturewasbetter,

⑧________

thekingpreferredthesecondone.“Because,”explainedtheking,“peacedoesnotmeanaplacewherethereisnonoise,trouble,orhardwork.Peacemeans⑨________(be)inthemiddleofallthosethingsandstillbecalminyourheart.Thatisthereal​⑩________(significant)ofpeace.”7.After

releasinga

short

video

on

April

27aboutplanting

andcookingpeas,ChinesefoodbloggerLiZiqibecameahitovernight."It's

really

surprising.I

didn't

expect

such

a

wide

response,"Li

saidin

①________interview.Li's

videos

center

on

her

life

with

her

grandmother

in

the

countryside.Inthevideos,Li,often

dressed

in

②________(tradition)garments,risesatsunrise,restsat

sunset,

plants

seedsandharvestsflowers,cooksChinese③________(dish)andcraftsbamboofurniture.Li's

overseasfollowers

have

praised

her

videos

for④(show)

thesimpleandelegantsideofChina’scountrylife.⑤________,backhome,therehavelongbeendebatesonwhetherherpresentationisunrealisticallypoetic.Inresponse,Li,who⑥________(raise)

in

the

countryside,

said“⑦________IpresentisjustalifestyleI’vefollowedandappreciated.Nowadays,mostpeople

are⑧_______(extreme)stressed,soIhopetheycanfeelrelaxedwhentheywatchmy

videos.Therearesomanyideasinmymindofoldcraftsmanshipandfoodwe⑨(enjoy)forthousandsofyears.Somearealmostforgotten.Ihope​⑩________(preserve)themthroughmysmallefforts.”8.EssentialfoodsforChineseNewYear’sEveThefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonthisSpringFestival,thebeginningofanewyearforChina.SpringFestivalisChina’s①_______(big)andmostimportantholidayandfestivalandadayforfamilyreunion.Beingaroundfamilymembersattheturnoftheyear②_______(be)avitalritual(仪式)fortheChinesepeople.TheSpringFestivalcelebrationisacontinuousprocess,③_______(start)fromthe23rdor24thofthe12thlunarmonth.Peopleoftenworshipthekitchengod,cleantheirhouses,dotheirshoppingandputupSpringFestivalcouplets(blessingwords④_______(post)ondoorframes)untilNewYear’sEveonthelunarcalendar.Inaddition

⑤_______

stayinguplateonNewYear’sEve,havingadeliciousdinnerisalsokeytotheSpringFestivalcelebration.TheNewYear’sEvedinnerhasbeenpresentedin⑥_______(difference)waysaroundChina.ThoseinSouthChinamusthaveadishoffishbecause“fish”inChinesesoundssimilartothecharacterfor“prosperity”,symbolizing

⑦_______

abundantandcomfortablelife.ThoseinNorthChinaofteneatdumplings,

⑧_______

symbolize“reunion”and“fortune”.SpringFestivalisjustaroundthecorner.Let'stakealookatsomeessential⑨_______(dish)ontheNewYear’sEvedinnertable!Dumplings,sweetdumplings,fish,Lion-headmeatballs,Hotpot,Ricecakesoradishoftofu,allof​⑩_______(they)carryaspecialmeaningofblessingandgoodluck.

答案以及解析1.答案：hasfed;culturally;to;loss;whose;focusing;unfamiliar;wasgreeted;the;tosee

解析：本文是说明文,主题语境是"人与社会"。文章介绍了2021年诺贝尔文学奖得主坦桑尼亚作家阿卜杜勒拉扎克·古尔纳的相关情况。①考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语"overthepastyears"可知,空处应用现在完成时;主语部分的中心词是experience,谓语要用单数形式,故填hasfed。②考查副词。空处修饰形容词diversified,应用副词,故填culturally。③考查介词。根据语境可知,古尔纳作为难民逃到了不列颠,故填介词to。④考查名词。根据空前的"the"和空后的"andliberation"可知,空处应用名词,与liberation保持形式上的一致,故填loss。⑤考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作定语,故填whose。⑥考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语,focus与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,故应用现在分词。⑦考查形容词。根据上文的"TheSwedishAcademysaid...notsowell-known"可知,此处表示"不熟悉的",故填unfamiliar。⑧考查时态和语态。根据定语从句所用的一般过去时可知,此处描述过去的情况,应用一般过去时;主语News与greet之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填wasgreeted。注意:greet...with...表示"以某种方式对……作出反应",此处用的是该短语的被动形式。⑨考查冠词。空后的talk是名词,thetalkofsth.表示"(某地人人谈论的)话题",故填the。⑩考查语动词此处考查"It's+adj.+todosth."结构,It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式,故填tosee。2.答案：①showing②the③Eyed④to⑤tolearn⑥who⑦universities⑧won⑨isbrought⑩definitely

解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,湖北大学体育学院的一门爬树课在学生中越来越受欢迎,越来越多的人对学习攀爬树木的诀窍表现出了兴趣。此处为"with+宾语+宾补"的复合结构,其中宾语people和宾补show之间为主动关系。应用现在分词的形式。故填showing。②考查冠词。句意:在周一的一堂课上,体育老师卢俊培向16名学生展示了一些最重要的技巧。根据空后的"mostimportant",可知为最高级,应用定冠词the。故填the。③考查非谓语动词。句意:在所有学生的注视下,卢用了不到$分钟就爬到了一棵25米高的树顶。设空处在句中作非谓语,和句子的逻辑主语Lu之间为逻辑的被动关系,应用动词的过去分词的形式。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Eyed。④考查介词。句意:由于很多学生表现出了兴趣,学校计增加班级的座位,让更多的学生学习和练习。add...to...加入到......,结合句意。故填to。⑤考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事。设空处在句中作非谓语。故填tolearn。⑥考查定语从句的引号词。句意:由于很多学生表现出了兴趣,学校计划增加班级的座位,让更多的学生学习和练习。他也是恩施蓝天救援队的一员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在句中作指人的主语,先行词为Lu。故填who。⑦考查名词。句意:湖北大学是中国首批开设爬树课程的大学之一。oneof+最高级+名词复数,表示......其中之一。设空处应用复数的形式。故填universities。⑧考查谓语。句意:该校师生在2017年香港爬树锦标赛中获得两枚金牌和两枚银牌。设空处在句中作谓语,结合时间状语2007,可知句子的时态为一般过去时。故填won。⑨考查谓语动词。句意:现在,人们开始怀念过去的日子,所以爬树被引入了许多其他的教育项目。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语tree-climbing之间为被动关系,根据时间状语now,可知句子的时态为一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语为tree-climbing,结合主谓一致。故填isbrought。⑩考查副词。句意:这肯定有助于学生远离网络游戏和改善他们的健康。设空处修饰形容词,应用副词的形式。故填definitely。3.答案：1.popularity2.its3.particularly4.which5.wider6.tohelp7.centered8.Therefore/Thus/Hence9.the10.havedownloaded解析：①考查名词的数。句意：中国拥有的视频分享服务TikTok在美国年轻人中的受欢迎程度持续增长。作主语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填popularity.②考查形容词性物主代词。句意：专家说，2019年，该服务在美国的用户群翻了一番，达到3700万。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填its.③考查副词。句意：TikTok在青少年和年轻人中尤其受欢迎。修饰形容词，所以用副词，故填particularly.④考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这项服务允许用户创建和分享短视频，其中许多视频时间不到15秒。先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作介词的宾语，故填which.⑤考查比较级。句意：与传统的视频分享应用程序相比，TikTok应用程序提供了更广泛的声音选择、歌曲的简短部分和特效工具，以帮助创建更好的视频。表示“更广泛的"，所以用比较级，故填wider.⑥考查不定式。句意：与传统的视频分享应用程序相比，TikTok应用程序提供了更广泛的声音选择、歌曲的简短部分和特效工具，以帮助创建更好的视频。作目的状语，所以用不定式，故填tohelp.⑦考查with复合结构。句意：成功的视频分享应用Snapchat和Instagram也主要吸引年轻用户，主要关注时尚、流行文化和幽默的照片和视频.with的宾语和center？之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补，故填centered.⑧考查副词。句意：但TikTok现在占据了巨大的市场份额，因此被认为是这两个公司的有力竞争对手，表示“因此"，前面为句号，所以用副词，故填Therefore/Thus/Hence⑨考查冠词。句意：去年，TikTok是苹果和谷歌商店下载量排名第二的应用程序，序数词前面需要加定冠词，故填the.⑩考查时态。句意：到目前为止，人们下载TikTok应用程序的次数已达16.5亿次.sofar常和现在完成时态连用，故填havedownloaded4.答案：①qualities②limited③are④that⑤adaptation⑥wasintroduced⑦between⑧normally⑨the⑩producing

解析：①考查名词复数。quality此处意为"特性",为可数名词,又根据空前的修饰词Oneofthemostunique可知,此处用所给名词的复数。②考查非谓语动词。此处用所给词的过去分词,词性是形容词,词意为“有限的”。③考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是一般性陈述,用一般现在时,又因为主语是records,故此处用are。④考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个同位语从句,该从句解释说明consensus的具体内容,从句中不缺少成分且意义完整,故此处用连接词that。⑤考查词形转换。根据空前的冠词an可知,此处用所给动词的名词。⑥考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语duringthetimesoftheTangDynasty可知,此处用一般过去时,又因为aninstrument与动词introduce之间存在动宾关系,故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。⑦考查介词。此处指“二胡和小提琴之间”,故此处用介词between。⑧考查词形转换。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰动词played。⑨考查冠词。此处的instrument特指前文提到的Erhu,故此处用定冠词the。⑩考查非谓语动词。此处用所给动词的动名词作介词or的宾语。5.答案：①national②workers③collecting④berecommended⑤todeclare⑥found⑦lowest⑧in⑨who⑩the

解析：①考查形容词。句意:作为世界上人口最多的国家,中国将于11月1日开始第七次全国人口普查。作定语修饰名词,所以用形容词,故填national。②考查复数名词。句意:据新华社报道,这项浩大的工程将使700万人口普查工作人员分布在全国各地,收集姓名、身份证号码、性别、婚姻细节、教育和专业信息。worker为可数名词,前面有大于一的数字,所以用复数名词,故填workers。③考查现在分词。句意:据新华社报道,这项浩大的工程将使700万人口普查工作人员分布在全国各地,收集姓名、身份证号码、性别、婚姻细节、教育和专业信息。collect和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语,故填collecting。④考查语态。句意:除了传统的方式,还将建议公民使用手机和其他数字工具来申报个人和家庭信息。主语为recommend.之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,前面有will,故填berecommended。⑤考查不定式。句意:除了传统的方式,还将建议公民使用手机和其他数字工具来申报个人和家庭信息。berecommendtodosth.被推荐做某事,故填todeclare。⑥考查时态。句意:上次普查发现人口从12.9亿增加到13.7亿。描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,故填found。⑦考查形容词最高级。句意:去年,中国的出生率达到了1949年中华人民共和国成立以来的最低水平。后面有范围,表示"最低的",所以用形容词最高级作定语,故填lowest。⑧考查介词。句意:去年,中国的出生率达到了1949年中华人民共和国成立以来的最低水平。表示"在那一年",用介词in,故填in。⑨考查非限制性定语从句。句意:统计数据还显示,去年中国60岁以上人口超过2.5亿,占总人口的18%以上。先行词为物,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。⑩考查冠词。句意:今年的人口普查甚至可能显示总人口规模几十年来首次下降,为印度超越中国成为世界上人口最多的国家奠定了基础。后面有of短语限定,所以用定冠词特指,故填the。6.答案：1.who/petition3.perfectly4.saw5.constantly6.peaceful7.a8.but9.being10.significance解析：①考查定语从句引导词。这里是一个定语从句,先行词是theartist,且从句缺少主语,故填who/that。②考查名词。此处表示"由于许多艺术家的努力,竞争变得激烈起来",此处用名词做主语,故填competition。③考查副词。此处表示"其中一张照片是一个平静的湖,完美地反映了周围高耸的群山“,用副词修饰现在分词reflecting,故填perfectly。④考查时态。句意:国王在另一幅画里看到的是光秃秃的群山,上面是一片愤怒的天空,雨水不断从天空中落下,根据文章整体内容可知此处叙述的是过去的事情,因此用一般过去时,故填saw。⑤考查副词。句意:国王在另一幅画里看到的是光秃秃的群山,上面是一片愤怒的天空,雨水不断从天空中落下,用副词修饰动词fell,故填constantly。⑥考查形容词。此处用形容词作系动词look的表语,故填peaceful。⑦考查冠词。句意:一只鸟在灌木丛里筑巢,此处表示泛指"一只",因此用不定冠词,且bird的首字母发音是辅音因素,故填a。⑧考查连词。句意:所有看到这幅画的人都认为第一幅画更好,但国王更喜欢第二幅画,结合语境及句意可知前后句子之间是转折关系,故填but。⑨考查动名词。句意:宁静意味着在所有这些事情的中间,你的心仍然是平静的,meandoingsth.意为"意味着做某事",故填being。⑩考查名词。句意:这才是宁静的真正意义,根据前面的形容词real可知这里要用名词,故填significance。7.答案：1.an2.traditional3.dishes4.showing5.However6.wasraised7.What8.extremely9.havebeenenjoying/haveenjoyed10.topreserve解析：①考查冠词。句意：“这真是令人吃惊。我没想到会有如此广泛的反响，”李子柒在接受采访时说。根据句意可知，此处是指一次采访，泛指，用冠词a/an修饰名词，interview是以元音音素开头的问，用an修饰。故填an。②考查形容饲。句意：在视频中，李子柒经常穿着传统服装，日出时起床，日落时休息，种植种子和收获鲜花，烹饪中国菜和制作竹家具。根据空后的名词garments可知，设空处使用形容词修饰名词作定语。故填traditional。③考查名词复数。句意同上。根据句意可知，中国菜不止一道，dish应用复数形式。故填dishes。④考查非谓语动词。句意：李子柒的海外粉丝称赞她的视频展示了中国乡村生活简单优雅的一面。根据空前的介词fo可知，此处用动名词作宾语。故填showing。⑤考查副词。句意：然而，在国内，关于她的演讲是否具有不切实际的诗意，一直存在争议。根据上文Li'soverseasfollowershavepraisedhervideosfor（show）thesimpleandelegantsideofChina'scountr