英语-专升本写作概论

一、写作题型分析专升本写作考什么？写作分项突破——

四大题型

1、解决问题型2、现象议论型3、对立观点型4、应用文体型假设阅卷老师是猴子，你用什么喂它？A.FriedChickenB.Coca-colaC.DumplingsD.HamburgerE.BananaWhatweshoulddo——Givethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.应对任何应试类写作的总原则：投其所好！投其所好之

大纲解读——两大黄金原则（一）印象原则：书写工整！！！卷面整洁！！！字迹清晰！！！三眼判卷1.结构（1）分段3段（2）字数100-120words2.内容：每段第一句写主题句3.语言：扫描+查看大纲解读——两大黄金原则（二）语言第一位，结构第二位，内容第三位。1.语言：1）基本正确：及格分2）丰富多变：（词汇+句型）：高分大纲解读——两大黄金原则（二）语言第一位，结构第二位，内容第三位。2.结构：逻辑性1）段落结构：总分总A.主题句：1句B.描述或论证：2-3句C.（小结：1句）大纲解读——两大黄金原则（二）语言第一位，结构第二位，内容第三位。2.结构：2）评分标准：A.关联词：3-5个B.同义替换：词汇+句型C.代词替换：物主代词it大纲解读——两大黄金原则（二）语言第一位，结构第二位，内容第三位。3.内容：论证充分高分作文三大要求：语言精彩结构严谨论证充分阅卷常见问题1—主题不明2—论据不足3—逻辑不清Manystudentscannotaffordacar.Thecitybusserviceusuallypassestheuniversity,sothosestudentscangettoclassonthebus.Manyuniversitieshaveaspecialshuttlebusthatisprovidedforstudentstransportation.Somestudentsliketoridetoclassonbicycles.Thosestudentswholiveclosetocampusoroncampuscanenjoyaleisurelywalktotheirclasses.1)主题不明——提炼主题句Therearealotofwaystogotoschool.Methodstogotoschoolaremany.2)论据不足WaystogetridofhiccupsA.breatheintoapaperbagB.holdyourbreathtothecountof10C.havesomeonefrightenyouD.makeanappointmentwithyourdoctor2)论据不足ReasonsforcaraccidentsfastdrivingdrinkinganddrivingC.notfollowingtrafficregulationsD.givingsignals2）论据不足ReasonsforcaraccidentsfastdrivingdrinkinganddrivingC.notfollowingtrafficregulationsD.givingsignals3)逻辑不清我在马路边捡到一分钱把它交到警察叔叔手里边叔叔拿过钱长我把头点我高兴地说了声叔叔再见Ipickedup1pennyfromtheroadside,andgaveittothepoliceman.Heheldthepennyandnoddedtome.IwassohappyandIsaid"goodbye,sir!”Astudentacquiresknowledgemainlyfromtextbookandintheclass.Whenhegraduatesfromschool,hecandonothing.Everythingisdifferentfromwhattheteacherstaughthim.Hemightbedisappointed,hemightbefrustrated,hemightbeafraidtofacetherealworld.Ouruniversitieshaveturnedoutthepeopleofnouse.Astudentacquiresknowledgemainlyfromtextbookandintheclass.Consequently,whenhegraduatesfromschool,hecandonothingforthereasonthateverythingisdifferentfromwhattheteacherstaughthim.Hemightbedisappointedandfrustrated.Eventually,hemightbeafraidtofacetherealworld.Obviously,ouruniversitieshaveturnedoutthepeopleofnouse.投其所好之

什么样的作文是阅卷老师喜欢的Nottoomanymistakes.Clearstructure.(Essay+Paragraph)Varioususeofwordsandsentencestructure.Someideas.语言的正确性1、谓语2、时态3、名词单复数4、搭配5、冠词用法6、拼写1、谓语1）主谓不一致Oneseriousproblemwearefacedwitharehowtousethenaturalresources.1、谓语2）谓语使用错误Somepeoplemightbelievethatcigarsmokingsaferthancigarettesmoking,butit'snot.Therearemoreandmorepeoplesliketousethecomputer.2、时态

议论用现在时态举例用过去时态建议和展望用将来时态3、名词单复数1）Wisemanseekopportunitiesratherthanwaitforthem.2）Governmentshouldgiveweighttoenvironmentalprotection.3）Itiscommonlybelievedthattruefriendshipslieinsimilarinterests.3、名词单复数

1）可数名词不能在句中单独使用，必须用复数或其前加限定词（the/his/a/an）2）不可数名词不能在其前加a/an也不能在其后加s/es4、搭配问题

Lookin/out/up/down/forwardtobebusy___doinghaveconfidence___doing导致result___因为result___5、冠词用法The主要用来特指。An用在元音音素的前面___university___honor/a://p//s/z/t/d/k//g6、拼写6、拼写

当然、环境、影响、方便、机会、感激、培养、现象、分离、独立如何突破写作？

Words

Essay-Paragraphs-Sentences

Structure遣词词汇的等级词汇的准确性拉长句子——含笑五步走1、使用短语2、使用插入语3、使用状语（时间和地点）使用并列4、使用形容词对名词进行修饰5、使用it句型简单句

互联网重要写作词汇升级1.important2.very3.think4.good5.bad写作词汇升级6.moreandmore7.many\blem写作词汇升级11.help（动词）help（名词）helpful（形容词）12.show13.forexample14.necessary15.ignore写作词汇升级16.tect第一段社会现象——对比法1-3句：1）描述当前现象2）词汇的升华1.Itisveryimportantthat---very=extremelyexceedingly人们不应该停止前进的脚步应该不断的努力这是极其重要的。Itisextremelyimportantthatpeopleshouldmakeconstanteffortsandnotceaseadvancingfootsteps.努力做某事make(exert)effortstodoadvance[əd'vɑːns]n.进步v.发展advancing前进的advanced先进的cease[siːs]vt.停止cease(doing)sth.ceasetodosth.2.and=aswellas随着…和…的快速发展Alongwiththerapidexpansionof…aswellas…随着以市场为导向的经济和发达的科学技术的发展…Alongwiththerapidexpansionofmarket-orientedeconomyaswellasadvancedscienceandtechnology.3.Itistruethat---,butoneimportantpointisbeingleftoutofourconsciousness.important=significantvitalcriticalcrucialessential互联网在我们生活当中导致了翻天覆地的变化这是个事实，但是一个重要的问题却被我们忽略了。ItistruethattheInternethadledtoearth-shakingchangesinourdailylife,butoneessentialpointisbeingleftoutofourconsciousness.consciousness['kɒnʃəsnɪs]conscious['kɒnʃəs]adj.意识到的beconsciousofsth.

意识到…=beawareofsth.导致leadto

4.doingAismoreimportantthandoingB

比…更重要

bemoreimportantthan=carry/bearmoreweightthan实践要比理想更为重要Practicecarries/bearsmoreweightthanideal.5.themostimportantreasonis---mostimportant=mainprimary最为重要的原因是面对机遇和挑战人们往往缺乏自信。Themainreasonisthatconfrontingopportunitiesaswellaschallengespeopletendtolackself-confidence.face=confronttendtodosth.往往做某事lacksth.缺乏…belackofsth.6.AmaybebetterthanB,butitposesproblemsforallthepeoplearoundus.bebetterthan=

besuperiorto私家车比自行车好，但是它也对我们周围的人带来了许多问题。Privatecarsaresuperiortobicycles,buttheyposeproblemsforthepeoplearoundus.bebetterthan=besuperiortopose[pəʊz]v.导致，引起，产生作文为什么写不好？分类积累词汇文化类——culture环境类——environment教育类——education经济类——economy个人发展类——Personaldevelopment7.itmayproduceagreatrisein---

great=considerabledrasticdramaticmarked

这可能会导致交通事故明显上升。Itmayproduceamarkedriseintrafficaccidents.7.likeanythingelse,blem=disadvantagedrawbackfaultdefectnegativeeffect私家车像任何事物一样也有很多的弊端,例如噪音污染、交通堵塞、空气污染。Likeanythingelse,privatecarshavealsotheirdefects,suchasnoisepollutionandtrafficjamaswellasairpollution.9.Althoughthebeliefisthat---,acurrentstudyrevealsthatthepopularviewisthat---popular=prevalentnation-wide尽管人们认为人应该自己解决问题，但目前的一项调查表明普遍的观点是相互合作才是取得成功的关键。Althoughthebeliefisthatpeopleshouldsolveproblemsbythemselves,acurrentstudyrevealsthatthenation-wideviewisthatmutualcooperationisthekeytosuccess.…的关键所在bethekeytosth.success[sək'ses]n.succeed[sək'siːd]v.succeedindoingsth.failtodosth.10.Arecentstudyindicatesthat---

study=investigationsurvey一项最新的调查表明95%的学生，尤其是大学生向父母要学费。Arecentinvestigationindicatesthat95percentofstudents,especiallycollegeones，asktheirparentstopaythetuitionfee.11.Anewsurveyshowsthatshow=indicaterevealreflectdisplay

12.Mostofpeoplehavebeentakeninbythenotionthat---mostofpeople=

themajorityofpeople我们很多人已经接受自信是极其重要的这个观点。Themajorityofpeoplehavebeentakeninbythenotionthatself-confidenceisextremelysignificant.13.nowinmanycountries,mostofpeoplemostofpeople=anoverwhelmingmajorityofpeople14.somepeoplemaysaythat---say=holdarguemaintainemphasizeassumeinsist

一些人可能认为培养毅力精神是相当简单的。Somepeoplemayholdthatitiseasytocultivatethespiritofperseverance.15.atfirstglance,itmayseemagoodidea,butonsecondthoughts,Ifind---good=attractiveconvincingnoble乍一看这个注意真不错，但仔细推敲我发现它不是很完美Atfirstglance,itmayseemaconvincing

idea,butonsecondthoughts,Ifinditisnotperfect.perfect['pɜːfɪkt]

adj.完美的；最好的；精通的vt.使完美；使熟练

自我完善perfectoneself16.thesuccessisbecauseofseveralfactors.bebecauseof=

belargelyowing/dueto幸福归因于好几个因素Happinessislargelyowingtoseveralfactors.17.itisalmostimpossiblethat—

impossible=inconceivable

一个人不努力就取得成功那是不可能的Itisalmostinconceivablethatonecanachievesuccesswithoutefforts.18.oneoftheburningquestionsfacingoursocietytodayis---face=confront当前我们社会面临的焦点问题之一是大学生就业很难。Oneoftheburningquestionsconfronting

oursocietytodayisthatcollegestudentsfinditishardlytohuntfortheirjobs.veryandImportantbemoreimportantthanmostimportantreason

problem——缺陷、不足popular——普遍的mostimportantbebetterthangreatriseinstudyfaceImpossiblebebecauseofshowsmostofpeoplesay

句法升华使用插入语特征…作用：突出主语解释说明插入语的成分1、我认为（Ithink）argue/maintain/hold/assume/insist/deemwhenitcomestomeinmyopinion/viewinmypointofviewformypartasforme（2）两个词however、ontheotherhand3）短语介词短语：infact,inasense,inaword不定式短语：tosumup,totellthetruth,tosomeextent分词短语：generallyspeaking,franklyspeaking，strictlyspeaking（4）非限制性定语从句TheInternet,whichwasconsideredasthegreatestinventionin

20century,playsanextremelyvitalroleinourdailylife.练习越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用，然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和暴力。汉译英三步走1、判断句语句之间的关系（1）并列

和、且——and（2）转折

但是，然而——buthowever（3）因果

因为，以致于（所以）——because/sothat（4）让步

尽管——although（5）条件

如果——if（6）目的

为了——inorderthat2、以谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾分清定状补3、先译主谓宾再译定状补，名词注意单复数动词注意时态汉译英三步走中英文思维差异之一：

汉语后重点，英语前重点中英文思维差异之二：

汉语定状多在后，英语定状多在前越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和暴力。越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题

（1）越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极的作用。相信anincreasingnumber

of

+复数exertpositiveeffectsonAnincreasingnumberofexpertsmaintainthatmigrantsexertpositiveeffectsonconstructionofcities.然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法。中英文的思维差异三：汉语多主动，英语多被动Thisopinion,however,isquestionedbycityresidentsingrowingnumbers.他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和暴力。,whocomplainthatruralemigrantsbringcountlessseriousproblems,likecrimesaswellasviolence.Anincreasingnumberofexpertsmaintainthatmigrantsexertpositiveeffectsonconstructionofcities.Thisopinion,however,isquestionedbycityresidentsingrowingnumbers,whocomplainthatruralemigrantsbringcountlessseriousproblems,likecrimesaswellasviolence.migrant['maɪgrənt]emigrant['emɪgrənt]

immigrant['ɪmɪgrənt]仿写练习越来越多的专家相信网络对人们生活丰富多彩起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨网络特别是网络游戏带来了许多严重的问题，像暴力和犯罪。AnincreasingnumberofexpertsholdthattheInternetexertspositiveeffectsonpeople’srichandcolorfullife.Thisview,however,isquestionedbycityresidentsingrowingnumbers,whocomplainthattheInternet-especiallynetgames-bringscountlessseriousproblems,likeviolenceaswellascrimes.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。Anygovernment,whichignoresthispoint,willpayaheavyprice.然而旅游业也引起了很多问题。例如，他增加了我国本来效率不高的运输系统的负担。Tourism,__________,______________anumberofproblems.Forinstance,itesaburdentoinefficienttransportationsystem.引起导致

giverisetoleadtocauseresultinbringaboutcontributetotourism['tʊərɪzəm]n.旅游业tourist[‘tʊərɪst]n.旅游者adj.旅游的tour[tʊə]n.&v旅游词汇的升华1.tothealreadyfamiliarfacts,anumberoffurtherfactsmaybeaddedanumberof=countlessnumerous

2.Noonecandenythefactthatdeny=ignoreoverlook

losesightofturnablindeyeto没有人能够否认这样一个事实，温室效应正在变的越来越严重。Noonecanignorethefactthatgreenhouseeffectisingincreasinglyserious.3.Thequestionof…hasnowarisenasnoteworthy.question=issue有关大学生就业的问题已经产生，并且变的格外显著。Theissueofemploymentforcollegestudentshasnowarisenasnoteworthy.employ[ɪm'plɒɪ;em-]employer[ɪm'plɒɪə;em-]employee[emplɒɪ'iː]employment[ɪm'plɒɪm(ə)nt;em-]unemployment[ʌnɪm'plɒɪm(ə)nt]4.Alltheevidencessupportanunshakableconclusionthat…support=confirm

justify所有的证据都证明一个不可动摇的绝伦，找工作是很难的。Alltheevidencesconfirmanunshakableconclusionthathuntingforajobisextremelydifficult.4.usefulhelpfulbeneficialbeuseful/helpful/beneficialto5.noeasysolutioncanbefoundtosolvetheproblemof…solve=resolve

settledealwithcopewithhandle

要解决校园浪费问题并不是很容易的。Noeasysolutioncanbefoundtoresolvetheissueofwasteoncampus.6.写作常用句型——表示建议proposeputforwardadvancesuggest

我建议每个人都可以保护民族文化的独立性和独特性。Isuggestthateveryoneshouldpreserveindependenceanduniquenessofthenationalculture.7.Itismendedthatgreateffortshouldbemadetocontrolthegrowthof…great=continuedconstantsustained

应该建议人们努力的去控制人口的增长Itismendedthatsustainedeffortshouldbemadetocontrolthegrowthofpopulation.8.futureprospectacheerfulprospect9.Veryimportantcrucial相互合作对于成功来说是至关重要的。Mutualcooperationiscrucialtosuccess.10.causeleadtoresultinbringaboutcontributetogiveriseto11.Hehadgreatsuccessin…success=achievement12.forexampleAcaseinpointisthat很多人往往缺乏自信就是一个例子。Acaseinpointisthatthemajorityofpeopletendtolackself-confidence.13.thinkargueholdmaintainwhenitcomestomeasfarasIamconcernedformypartinmypointofviewasformebehelpfulbeofhelpbeimportantbeofimportancebegoodatbeskilledin

英语的三种基本句式

并列句

复合句

简单句

1、主+谓Timeflies!2、主+谓+宾Timeprovesall！3、主+谓+宾+宾Timegivesusexperience!4、主+谓+宾+宾补Timemakesuscharming!5、主+系+表Timeismoney.

MyclassmatesandIhaddinnertogetheryesterday.Theoldladyfelldownthegroundandbrokehisleg.并列句

简单句+并列连词+简单句并列连词：

and（both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor）

or（either…or）

but（not…but,while,whereas,only,yet）Somepeoplebelievethatreadingselectivelyisagoodwayforustoenrichourknowledge.Someothersinsistthatreadingextensivelyisbetter.Somepeoplebelievethatreadingselectivelyisagoodwayforustoenrichourknowledge,whilesomeothersinsistthatreadingextensivelyiswaytoobetter.Accordingtothereport,inthemodernsociety,mostofthepeople,especiallyyoungpeople,alwaysprefertolivealone,insteadoflivingwiththeiroldparentsorgrandparents.复合句名词性从句（主、宾、表、同）复合句定语从句

状语从句大学应试类写作（四级、六级、考研）的重点——复合句写作

I

think

thatIloveyou.主谓宾宾语从句用来表达观点Whathesaidjustnowdeeplytouchedme.

1、大学生们认为，有必要在六级考试中举行口试。CollegestudentsholdthatitisessentialtotakeaspokenEnglishtestinCET-6.CollegestudentsholdthataspokenEnglishtestshouldbetakeninCET-6.宾语从句练习：

2、HR专家认为，自信在面试中至关重要。ExpertsonHRinsistthatself-confidenceisofvitalimportanceintheinterview.亮点句式—it从句公式：It+be+a/an+名词+that…It+be+形容词+that…It+be+过去分词+that…

It+be+a/an+名词+that…Itisapitythat…Itisashamethat…Itisafactthat…Itisanhonorthat…Itismybeliefthat…

我相信这些孩子在灾难之后会回到校园。

Itismybeliefthatthesechildrenwillgobacktotheirschoolsafterthegreatdisaster.

It+be+形容词+that…Itislikelythat…Itisobviousthat…Itisstrangethat…Itisfortunatethat…Itisnaturalthat…

1、每个人都要爱别人和被别人爱，这是很自然的。Itisnaturalthateveryoneshouldloveothersandshouldbelovedbyothers.

2、幸运的是，这个国家的每一位成员都愿意帮助深陷困境的人。Itisfortunatethateverymemberinthiscountryiswillingtohelpthosepeopleintrouble.

It+be+过去分词+that…Itisreportedthat…Itissaidthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…必须指出的是，养宠物可以培养孩子的责任心。Itmustbepointedoutthatcaringforpetscangivechildrenasenseofresponsibility.

状语从句：1、时间when,while,as2、地点where3、原因because,as,for,since4、结果so…that…,such…that…

状语从句：5、让步although,though6、条件

if,unless7、目的inorderthat…,sothat…8、比较（不作要求）9、方式（不做要求）inthe(same)waythat…(1)时间状语从句当社会进入了信息化时代的时候，我们每天要面对很多巨大的变化。Whenthesocietyhasenteredtheinformationage,weareconfrontedwithmanygreatchangeseveryday.（3）原因状语从句所有的国家都应该重视环境保护，因为这个问题已经阻碍了人类未来的发展。Allcountriesshouldattachmuchimportancetoenvironmentprotectionbecausethisissuehasheldbackthefurtherdevelopmentofmankind.

,or（两个句子主语保持一致）我之所以迟到是因为我没有赶上早班车。Iwaslate,orIdidn’tcatchthefirstbus.（4）结果状语从句目前，体育运动变得如此流行以至于成为了一种时尚。Currently,sportshasesoprevalentthatithasturnedouttobeafashion.（5）条件状语从句如果秋天走了，我会在雪地里等你；如果世界没了，我会在天堂里等你；如果你走了，我会在泪水中思念你；如果我走了…Ifautumnisgone,Iwillwaitforyouonsnow;Iftheworldisgone,Iwillwaitforyouintheheaven;Ifyouaregone,Iwillmissyouintears;IfIamgone,Iwillfindsomeonetolookafteryou.（6）让步状语从句尽管你说自己很朴素，但我却觉得你无与伦比的美丽Althoughyouclaimplain,Ifeelthatyouhaveunmatchedbeauty.尽管我缺乏工作经验，但是我有较好的合作意识和团队精神。CooperationawarenessTeamworkspiritAlthoughIlackworkingexperience,Ihaveexcellentcooperationawarenessandteamworkspirit.

写作高分句式：1、双重否定2、定语从句3、并列修辞4、强调句5、插入语6、倒装句7、therebe句式

1、双重否定

写出像阿迪广告一样精彩的句子Impossibleisnothing.跟布什的对手Kerry学习双重否定

neverfailto

Iwillneverfailtogetyourkidshome.

1、我们一定会完成这项艰巨的工作。Wewillneverfailtoachievethetoughjob.

2、人类一定会在科学技术方面取得更大的进步。Humanracewillneverfailtomakemoreachievementinscienceandtechnology.其他双重否定句方法：主语否定+谓语否定我们所有人都犯过错。Allofushavemademistakes.双重否定（加强语气）——

我们中没有人从不犯错。

Noneofushas

nevermademistakes.

大家都相信他的话。Everybodybelievesinhim.双重否定——Nobodydoesnotbelieveinhim.

1、冠词（a）watermelon2、形容词（big）3、数次4、名词（Jinan）5、复合词短语定语从句名词词组介词短语不定式短语分词短语限制性非限制性Watermelon,whichisrollingontheground,ismyfavor.济南是座著名的旅游城市。Jinan,SpringCity,isafamoustouristcity.

1、有很多河流被严重污染。Thereareagreatnumberofriverswhichwereseriouslypolluted.

2、那些受溺爱的孩子容易被生活的困难击倒。Thosechildrenwhoarespoiledbytheirparentsareeasilydefeatedbydifficultiesinlife.

3、你最好用有吸引力的观点说服考官You’dbetterconvincetheinterviewerwiththoseideaswhichseemattractivetohimorher.

1、Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

天助自助者。2、Abookthatremainsshutisbutablock.不去翻动的书本不过是一块砖头。经典定语从句

3、Successisaprocessthatbeginsfromwithin.成功是一个开始于内心的过程。4、Youmustdothethingwhichyousupposeyoucannotdo.你一定要去做自己认为做不到的事情。经典定语从句

1）Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.我来了，我看到了，我征服了。结构：I+过去式,I+过去式，I+过去式3、并列修饰

2）Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.学习可以怡情，可以博采，可以长才。结构：for+名词，for+名词，for+名词3)ofthepeople,forthepeople,bythepeople

民有，民享，民治结构：介词+thepeople,介词+thepeople,介词+thepeople

并列修辞的写作方式：_______and/or________用and/or连接两个词性相同，词义相近的单词。

asmalltown

asmallandpeacefultownaresponsibleteacher

aresponsibleandwarm-hearted

teacher

3、并列修辞练习：1、Universityeducationcanenrichoursocialexperience.

Universityeducationcanimproveoursocialexperience.Universityeducationandinstructioncanimproveoursocialexperience.

Universityeducationcanenrichoursocialexperience.Universityeducationcanimproveandbuildupoursocialexperience.

Universityeducationcanenrichoursocialexperience.Universityeducationcanenrichoursocialexperience,socialskills

andsocialknowledge.

4、强调句句型：Itis(was)+被强调部分+that+其他LaoYualwayssings“TwoButterflies”ontheSpringCitySquare.

其他强调方式：

I.用助动词____表示强调Do/did/doesII.用形容词____修饰名词加强语气Only,single

其他强调方式：III.用___等副词和____等带有-ly的副词来强调：Ever,never,badly,really,highly,completely,extremely,totallyIV.用___等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）Atall,onearth造句：幸福究竟是什么？5、插入语特征…作用：突出主语解释说明TheInternet,asfarasIamconcerned,isextremely

significant.（突出主语）Collegestudents—especiallygraduatingones—findthatithardlytohunttheirjobs.（解释说明）（1）我认为（2）关联词、副词、形容词短语however、ontheotherhandfrankly,indeed,fortunatelystrangetosay,needlesstosay,worsestill插入语的成分更为糟糕的是，居高不下的失业率破坏了社会稳定。Highunemploymentrate,worsestill,hasunderminedthesocialstability.（3）短语介词短语

infact,inasense,inaword不定式短语tosumup,totellthetruth,tosomeextent分词短语

generallyspeaking,franklyspeaking，strictlyspeaking

在某种程度上，如此快速的进步归功于改革开放。Sucharapidadvancement—tosomeextent—isattributabletoreformandopeningup.

严格说来，家长不该忽视电脑游戏对孩子的副作用。

ignore,overlook,losesightofturnablindeyetoside-effects

Parents,strictlyspeaking,shouldnotturnablindeyetotheside-effectsofcomputergamesontheirchildren.互联网尤其是网络游戏带来了许多类似暴力和犯罪的严重问题。TheInternet—especiallynetgames—bringscountlessseriousissueslikeviolenceandcrimes.（4）非限制性定语从句否定倒装结构公式——否定词+助动词+主语+谓语+宾语6、倒装句大自然从未遭受过如此严重的污染。Thenature

has

never

sufferedfrom

主语

助动否定词谓语suchaseriouspollution.

宾语Neverhasthenaturesufferedfromsuchaseriouspollution.Never倒装NevershallIforgetthedaywhen…我永远不会忘记……的那一天。NevershallIforgetthemanwho…(woman/teacher/girl/boy)我永远不会忘记……的那个人。我永远不会忘记……的那一天。NevershallIforgetthedaywhen…我永远不会忘记我第一次见到她的那一天。NevershallIforgetthedaywhenIsawherforthefirsttime.我永远不会忘记把我带到这个世界上来的人。NevershallIforgetthemanandthewomanwhobroughtmeintothisworld.我永远不会忘记帮我走出困境的那老师。NevershallIforgettheteacherwhohelpedmestepoutthetrouble.2、Only倒装结构公式——Only+状语+助动词+主语+谓语+宾语只有当他说出那个词的时候，才意识到问题的严重性。Only

whenhehadspokenoutthat

word

did

he

realize

howserioustheissuewas.特殊句式构造：1、Therebe结构1）Therebe+…(定语从句)有许多人不相信科学。Therearemanypeoplewhodonotbelieveinscience.特殊句式构造：1、Therebe结构没有什么知识对我们来说是没有用的。Thereisnoknowledgethatisnotusefultous.特殊句式构造：1、Therebe结构

Thereisevidencethat…

事实证明Thereisindicationthat…

有迹象表明特殊句式构造：1、Therebe结构有事实证明少量的酒对健康有益。Thereisindicationthatasmallamountofliquorisbeneficialtoone’shealth.特殊句式构造：3）Therebe+nogood/sense/use/pointindoing…跟他争论这个问题是没有用处的。Thereisnopointinarguingwithhimontheissue.特殊句式构造：4）Therebe+no+doing…人们不知道下个世纪将是什么样子。Thereisnoknowingwhatthenextcenturywouldbelike.Itis+V-ed+that…据报道，科学的睡眠对记忆力有益。Itisreportedthatscientificsleepingisbeneficialtoone’smemory.Itisnouse/sense/gooddoing…光谈论水资源的缺乏是没有益处的。Itisnousetalkingabouttheshortageofwaterresources.Thereisnothinglike…教育是消除阶级障碍的最有效手段。Thereisnothinglikeeducationforbreakingdownclassbarriers.more…than…音乐与其说是一种兴趣爱好，不如说是一种生活方式。Musicismoreawayoflifethan

aninterest.迄今为止，热污染虽未成事实，却是一大潜在的威胁。Sofar,heatpollutionhasbeenmoreathreatthanafact.虚拟If+did/were…,…woulddosth.If+haddone,…wouldhavedonesth.如果我是你我就会去打篮球。IfIwereyou,Iwouldplaybasketball.如果你早点开始做家庭作业，你在那时就已经做完了。Ifyouhadbeguntodoyourhomeworkearlier,youwouldhavecompletedthem.虚拟如果事实不是这样

那么我们就能够从人们出生的那一刻预测一个人的品格和行为Ifthiswerenottrue,thenwewouldbeabletopredictthebehaviorandcharacterofapersonfromthemomenttheybeborn.

首先：firstandforemost,tobeginwith,tostartwith其次：inaddition,moreover,whatismore,furthermore最后：finally,lastly

Inthefirstplace,Inthesecondplace,Inthethirdplace,Foronething,Foranother,

但是：however,nevertheless,otherwise,ontheotherhand,inotherwords总之：allinall,Tosumup,inaword结论：Inshort,Toconclude,巧妙回答问得独特，答得经典！建议：用谚语、名言来回答！凡事都有两面Everycoinhastwosides.Everyswordhastwoedges.Thereisagoodsideandabadsidetoeverything.

谚语名言主要句型：1、Asaproverbsays,…2、Asafamoussayinggoes,…3、As人名，身份，said,“…”.e.g.AsSJ，agreatscientist,said,“…”.

常用谚语汇总：1、Factsspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。2、Moneycannotbuytime.寸金难买寸光阴。3、Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。4、