非谓语动词课件讲义

主语宾语定语表语补语状语TodoV-ingV-ed非谓语动词功能表主语宾语定语表语补语状语TodoV-ingV-ed非谓1非谓语动词的形式主动态被动态一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing过去分词done

现在分词主动态

被动态一般式doingbeingdone

完成式havingdonehavingbeendone动词不定式非谓语动词的形式主动态被动态一般式todo2Trueorfalse?1.Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.2.Jackhavingnotcometothepartygreatlydisappointedme.5.Itisbadmannersofyoutostareataguest.6.Youareconvenienttotravelaround.4.Walkaftersupperisveryusefultome.3.Doyoumindmesmokinghere?7.It’suselesstostudyEnglishwithoutpractice.Trueorfalse?5.Itisbadman32.动词不定式的逻辑主语可以由for短语表示。如果逻辑主语与前面的形容词有主表关系，则由of短语表示。而-ing形式的逻辑主语可用名词或代词的普通格或所有格来表示。如：2.动词不定式的逻辑主语可以由for短语表示。如果4不定式,现在分词,过去分词做状语的区别

不定式作状语一般表示目的,(onlytodo意外结果，nevertodo)

1.Theyrantothehalltotalkabouttheplan(目的)2.Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．(结果)(句式)

3.Wearegladtohearthenews.(原因,形容词后）

现在分词过去分词作状语一般表示其他状语.注意以下3种作状语都表示被动Beingdone进行Havingbeendone强调完成Done一般的形式不定式,现在分词,过去分词做状语的区别5Protectedbyguardsthen,hefeltsafe.Livinginthecountryformanyyears,heknewalittleaboutfarming.Hehurriedtheretohopetogettheform.4.Theystoodbytheroadsideandwatchingtheperformance．Didn’tknowwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.6.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.7.Thepopsinger,followedbytwobodyguards,cametomeethisfans.8.Havingalotofdebts,thebossofferedhimawell-paidjob.Protectedbyguardsthen,hef6Trueorfalse?1.Customerscan’tavoidpersuadingtobuywhattheydon’tlikeatall.2.Thenursesneedtolookafterthepatientswantingtocarefor.3.I’dlovetocometotheparty,butIwastoobusy.4.Itisbeginningraining.5.Heregrettedtohaveraisedobjection.6.Nobodyispermittedsmokinginpublic.7.Youneedn’ttotellhimnow,hehappenedtohavebeeninformedalready.8.--Iusuallygotoworkbybus.--whynottryridingforachange?9.Thevirusisbelievedspreadingfast.Trueorfalse?1.Customers7作宾语应注意的问题

A.只能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组：

finish,admit,allow,avoid,escape,risk,suggest,consider(考虑),imagine,delay(,mind,appreciate,enjoy,miss(错过),practise,deny(否认),insiston(坚持),lookforwardto,beworth,devote…to,setabout(动手去做),putoff(推迟),can’thelp,cannotstand(不能忍受),keep,giveup(放弃),getdownto,payattentionto,beusedto,turnto,devote…to,stickto,risk,excuse,forgive等等作宾语应注意的问题A.只能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组：8易错点回顾：下面短语中的to是介词，后面只能跟名词或动名词：belongto,objectto(反对)，devoteoneself/one’stime/energyto，getdownto(着手干……)，leadto(通向，导致)，payattentionto，lookforwardto(盼望)，beusedto(习惯于)，stickto(坚持),seeto,referto,turnto等。Eg:Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgiveupthejob.Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgivingupthejob.易错点回顾：Hiswholefamilyobjecte9B.既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语的动词，且意思区别不大的有：

like,love,start,begin,continue,prefer,hate,等C.既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语的动词，且意思区别较大的有：rememberdoingsth.（记得做了某事）

remembertodosth.（记住去做某事forgetdoingsth.（忘记做过某事）forgettodosth.（忘记去做某事)B.既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语的动词，且意思区别不大的10stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）stoptodosth.（停下来去做某事）trydoingsth.（试着做某事）trytodosth.（尽力去做某事）meandoingsth.（意味着做）meantodosth.（意欲/打算去做）regretdoingsth.（后悔做过某事）regrettodosth.（对要做的事表示歉）:tell/say/inform…stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）11goondoingsth.（继续做同一件事）goontodosth.（接着做另一件事）beusedtodoingsth.（习惯于做某事）beusedtodosth.（被用来做某事）can’thelpdoingsomething（情不自禁…）can’thelptodosomething（不能帮助做….）goondoingsth.（继续12D.allow,advise,forbid,permit的特别用法。1.Thedoctoradvisedtakingaweek’srest.2.Thedoctoradvisedustotakeaweek’srest.3.Wewereadvisedtotakeaweek’srest.1.Theydon’tpermit_______carshere.2.Theydon’tpermitanyone___hiscarhere.3.Carsarenottopermitted_______here.D.allow,advise,forbid,per13E.need,require,want的特别用法。1.TheTVsetneedsrepairing(toberepaired).2.Ithinkyourgardenwantswatering(tobewatered).3.Thepatientsrequired______(lookafter).4.Theyneed_____(borrow)anecklace.E.need,require,want的特142.下列动词后只能跟不定式：afford,agree,ask,attempt,choose,decide,hope,expect,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等。(F)Heofferedhelpingme.(T)Heofferedtohelpme.2.下列动词后只能跟不定式：15Translation.一个书面答复2.二手房3.来年4.批改过的作业5.听起来不错的主意

6.正在召开的会议7.下次讨论的主题8.上周组织的活动9.正在攻读学位的人

10.在国外工作多年的专家

11.最后一个离开的人12.冰雪覆盖的草原13.感到失望的观众14.令人失望的回应15.昨天来参观的人Translation.16不定式,现在分词,过去分词做定语的区别Theschooltobebuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbeingbuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbuiltlastyearisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschool,havingbeenbuiltfortwoyears,，isintendedforthedisabledchildren.即将要建的正在建设的去年建的（这形式也表示一般现在的被动。）花了两年多建设的,(仅作非限定性)不定式,现在分词,过去分词做定语的区别即将要建的正在建17.Heplannedtomakeupforthelosttimeintheyearstocome..Theroomfacingsouthis….Thematerialfeelingsmoothwasheseasily..Thehousebelongingtohimisunderrepair..Therisingsunlookssobright..Thebelovedteacheriseasy-going..Ausedcarisasgoodasanyother..Awritingdeskisusedfor…即将到来的习惯状态正在进行一般现在的被动现在完成的被动动名词，指用途.Heplannedtomakeupforth181.不定代词something,nothing,little,much,alot等习惯上用不定式做定语Ihavesomethingtodotonight.Hestillhasalotofhomeworktofinish.2.get/fetch/find/givesb…todo.

1.不定代词something,nothing,litt19asleepingcarasmokingroom

listeningpractice

anopeningspeechabookingofficerunningwater卧铺车吸烟室听力练习开幕词售票处自来水asleepingcarasmokingrooml20不定式,现在分词,过去分词做宾补的区别:A>ordersbtodo/ordersthtobedoneB>havesbdoC>havesthdoneD>(not)have…doing/havesbdoingallmorningE>with…+宾语+宾补F>不定式to的省略情况不定式,现在分词,过去分词做宾补的区别:21

非谓语动词中的句型

1)Itis+nouse/good(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteoftime,...)等名词+doingsth.Itisnousecrying.2)Thereisnouse(good/point/sense/harm)+doingsth

做某事没用

Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk．

非谓语动词中的句型

1)22Predicative1.Herwishis_________(成为工程师).2.Herjobis_____(看护)thechildren.3.Hisattention____________(集中于)whathewasdoing.4.Theywere________（震惊）atthenews.5.Thedoor______________(仍然未锁).6.Whattheysawwas_________（令人震惊）.7.Nowadays,theyare________(忙于)theprogramme.Predicative23下列动词的形容词有两种形式（-ed/-ing）excite,interest,disappoint,encourage,discourage,puzzle,amaze,surprise,astonish,shock,confuse,amuse,delight,tire,satisfy,please,worry…特别注意不常用的非谓语形式:(背诵例句)tobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendoinghaving(been)done下列动词的形容词有两种形式（-ed/-ing）243.疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式构成一种特殊的不定式短语:

Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(主语)Idon’tknowwhattodo．我不知道该怎么办。(宾语)

Thedifficultywashowtocrosstheriver．(表语3.疑问词who，what，which，when，where251.Dareyoutosayso?Trueorfalse?2.Wewouldrathernottotellaboutit.3.Thereisnochoicebutgotothedoctor.4.thereisnothingtodobutwait.5.–Haveyoujoinedtheclub?--no,butI’mgoingto.6.Heisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.7.Hedidn’tattendit,becausehewastoldnotto.8.Hedidn’tpayanyattention,butheshould.1.Dareyoutosayso?26

主语宾语定语表语补语状语TodoV-ingV-ed非谓语动词功能表主语宾语定语表语补语状语TodoV-ingV-ed非谓27非谓语动词的形式主动态被动态一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing过去分词done

现在分词主动态

被动态一般式doingbeingdone

完成式havingdonehavingbeendone动词不定式非谓语动词的形式主动态被动态一般式todo28Trueorfalse?1.Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.2.Jackhavingnotcometothepartygreatlydisappointedme.5.Itisbadmannersofyoutostareataguest.6.Youareconvenienttotravelaround.4.Walkaftersupperisveryusefultome.3.Doyoumindmesmokinghere?7.It’suselesstostudyEnglishwithoutpractice.Trueorfalse?5.Itisbadman292.动词不定式的逻辑主语可以由for短语表示。如果逻辑主语与前面的形容词有主表关系，则由of短语表示。而-ing形式的逻辑主语可用名词或代词的普通格或所有格来表示。如：2.动词不定式的逻辑主语可以由for短语表示。如果30不定式,现在分词,过去分词做状语的区别

不定式作状语一般表示目的,(onlytodo意外结果，nevertodo)

1.Theyrantothehalltotalkabouttheplan(目的)2.Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．(结果)(句式)

3.Wearegladtohearthenews.(原因,形容词后）

现在分词过去分词作状语一般表示其他状语.注意以下3种作状语都表示被动Beingdone进行Havingbeendone强调完成Done一般的形式不定式,现在分词,过去分词做状语的区别31Protectedbyguardsthen,hefeltsafe.Livinginthecountryformanyyears,heknewalittleaboutfarming.Hehurriedtheretohopetogettheform.4.Theystoodbytheroadsideandwatchingtheperformance．Didn’tknowwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.6.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.7.Thepopsinger,followedbytwobodyguards,cametomeethisfans.8.Havingalotofdebts,thebossofferedhimawell-paidjob.Protectedbyguardsthen,hef32Trueorfalse?1.Customerscan’tavoidpersuadingtobuywhattheydon’tlikeatall.2.Thenursesneedtolookafterthepatientswantingtocarefor.3.I’dlovetocometotheparty,butIwastoobusy.4.Itisbeginningraining.5.Heregrettedtohaveraisedobjection.6.Nobodyispermittedsmokinginpublic.7.Youneedn’ttotellhimnow,hehappenedtohavebeeninformedalready.8.--Iusuallygotoworkbybus.--whynottryridingforachange?9.Thevirusisbelievedspreadingfast.Trueorfalse?1.Customers33作宾语应注意的问题

A.只能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组：

finish,admit,allow,avoid,escape,risk,suggest,consider(考虑),imagine,delay(,mind,appreciate,enjoy,miss(错过),practise,deny(否认),insiston(坚持),lookforwardto,beworth,devote…to,setabout(动手去做),putoff(推迟),can’thelp,cannotstand(不能忍受),keep,giveup(放弃),getdownto,payattentionto,beusedto,turnto,devote…to,stickto,risk,excuse,forgive等等作宾语应注意的问题A.只能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组：34易错点回顾：下面短语中的to是介词，后面只能跟名词或动名词：belongto,objectto(反对)，devoteoneself/one’stime/energyto，getdownto(着手干……)，leadto(通向，导致)，payattentionto，lookforwardto(盼望)，beusedto(习惯于)，stickto(坚持),seeto,referto,turnto等。Eg:Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgiveupthejob.Hiswholefamilyobjectedtohisgivingupthejob.易错点回顾：Hiswholefamilyobjecte35B.既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语的动词，且意思区别不大的有：

like,love,start,begin,continue,prefer,hate,等C.既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语的动词，且意思区别较大的有：rememberdoingsth.（记得做了某事）

remembertodosth.（记住去做某事forgetdoingsth.（忘记做过某事）forgettodosth.（忘记去做某事)B.既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语的动词，且意思区别不大的36stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）stoptodosth.（停下来去做某事）trydoingsth.（试着做某事）trytodosth.（尽力去做某事）meandoingsth.（意味着做）meantodosth.（意欲/打算去做）regretdoingsth.（后悔做过某事）regrettodosth.（对要做的事表示歉）:tell/say/inform…stopdoingsth.（停止做某事）37goondoingsth.（继续做同一件事）goontodosth.（接着做另一件事）beusedtodoingsth.（习惯于做某事）beusedtodosth.（被用来做某事）can’thelpdoingsomething（情不自禁…）can’thelptodosomething（不能帮助做….）goondoingsth.（继续38D.allow,advise,forbid,permit的特别用法。1.Thedoctoradvisedtakingaweek’srest.2.Thedoctoradvisedustotakeaweek’srest.3.Wewereadvisedtotakeaweek’srest.1.Theydon’tpermit_______carshere.2.Theydon’tpermitanyone___hiscarhere.3.Carsarenottopermitted_______here.D.allow,advise,forbid,per39E.need,require,want的特别用法。1.TheTVsetneedsrepairing(toberepaired).2.Ithinkyourgardenwantswatering(tobewatered).3.Thepatientsrequired______(lookafter).4.Theyneed_____(borrow)anecklace.E.need,require,want的特402.下列动词后只能跟不定式：afford,agree,ask,attempt,choose,decide,hope,expect,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等。(F)Heofferedhelpingme.(T)Heofferedtohelpme.2.下列动词后只能跟不定式：41Translation.一个书面答复2.二手房3.来年4.批改过的作业5.听起来不错的主意

6.正在召开的会议7.下次讨论的主题8.上周组织的活动9.正在攻读学位的人

10.在国外工作多年的专家

11.最后一个离开的人12.冰雪覆盖的草原13.感到失望的观众14.令人失望的回应15.昨天来参观的人Translation.42不定式,现在分词,过去分词做定语的区别Theschooltobebuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbeingbuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschoolbuiltlastyearisintendedforthedisabledchildren.Theschool,havingbeenbuiltfortwoyears,，isintendedforthedisabledchildren.即将要建的正在建设的去年建的（这形式也表示一般现在的被动。）花了两年多建设的,(仅作非限定性)不定式,现在分词,过去分词做定语的区别即将要建的正在建43.Heplannedtomakeupforthelosttimeintheyearstocome..Theroomfacingsouthis….Thematerialfeelingsmoothwasheseasily..Thehousebelongingtohimisunderrepair..Therisingsunlookssobright..Thebelovedteacheriseasy-going..Ausedcarisasgoodasanyother..Awritingdeskisusedfor…即将到来的习惯状态正在进行一般现在的被动现在完成的被动动名词，指用途.Heplannedtomakeupforth441.不定代词something,nothing,little,much,alot等习惯上用不定式做定语Ihavesomethingtodotonight.Hestillhasalotofhomeworktofinish.2.get/fetch/find/givesb…todo.

1.不定代词something,nothing,litt45asleepingcarasmokingroom

listeningpractice

anopeningspeechabookingofficerunningwater卧铺车吸烟室听力练习开幕词售票处自来水asleepingcarasmokingrooml46不定式,现在分词,过去分词做宾补的区别:A>ordersbtodo/ordersthtobedoneB>havesbdoC>havesthdoneD>(not)have…doing/havesbdoingallmorningE>with…+宾语+宾补F>不定式to的省略情况不定式,现在分词,过去分词做宾补的区别:47

非谓语动词中的句型

1)Itis+nouse/good(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteof