托福综合写作-技巧完全版1课件

INTEGRATEDTASK综合写作技巧展示INTEGRATEDTASK综合写作INTEGRATEDTASK本课内容NOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASK本课内容NOTE-TAKINGINTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式”笔记法：2-columnwayT:R:L:INTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:INTEGRATEDTASK讲义第12页，第3题演示先画好“双栏”注意阅读信息笔记字数不超过15字读阅读每一段的Mainpoint和detail/reasonINTEGRATEDTASK讲义第12页，第3题演示PRIVATESPACETRAVELT：privatizedspaceflightindustryR:benefitsL:╳

PRIVATESPACETRAVELPRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记SCHOOLUNIFORMT：schooluniformR:stressL:╳

SCHOOLUNIFORMSCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：SCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：Schooluniform听力笔记Schooluniform听力笔记INTEGRATEDTASK2.SUMMARIZINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASK2.SUMMARIZINGNINTEGRATEDTASKSUMMARIZING1.eliminateunnecessaryinformation2.Combineintoasentence.因果关系INTEGRATEDTASKSUMMARIZINGINTEGRATEDTASKBecauseINTEGRATEDTASKBecauseINTEGRATEDTASK展示SUMMARIZING通过题目SCHOOLUNIFORMPRIVATESPACETRAVELINTEGRATEDTASK展示SUMMARIZINGSCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：SCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：Schooluniform听力笔记Schooluniform听力笔记Schooluniform展示SUMMARIZING通过例题SCHOOLUNIFORM共6句话Schooluniform展示SUMMARIZINGSCHOOLUNIFORM1.Ifallstudentswearthesamestyleofuniform,clothingcostwillbeless.阅读第1Schooluniformisexpensive/pricy,andstudentswhowearuniformwillbuytrendyafter-schoolclothes.听力第1SCHOOLUNIFORMSCHOOLUNIFORM2.Witheveryonewearingthesameuniform,studentswillnotbeconcernedaboutwhethertheyarewearingthefashionably-correctclothes.阅读第2

Beingmadetowearaschooluniformmakesmanystudentsfeelmoreself-conscious,becausetheycanpresentthemselvesinawayofmakingthemcomfortable.听力第2SCHOOLUNIFORMSCHOOLUNIFORM3.Unityinclothingcaneliminatediscrimination,soteasingandbullyingofsomestudentsbyotherswillbesignificantlyreduced.阅读第3

Itisimpossibletoeliminateteasingandbullyingbecausetheyareinthatparticularstage,alsotheycanpickonotherthingslikemusicandbackpacks.听力第3SCHOOLUNIFORM3.UnityinclotINTEGRATEDTASK3.SYNTHESIZINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASK3.SYNTHESIZINGINTEGRATEDTASKSYNTHESIZING把SUMMARIZING的6句话整理成3大段，形成BODYPARTConnecttheinformationfrombothsourcesINTEGRATEDTASKSYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGAccordingtothelecture,____;thiscontradictsthepointsinthereadingthat____.Theprofessorarguesthat____.Thisisdifferentfromthereading,whichstatesthat____.Theteachersaysthat____.However,thisisnotwhatthereadingstates;itsaysthat_____.SYNTHESIZINGAccordingtothelSYNTHESIZINGContrarytothebeliefinthepassagethat___,theprofessorassertsthat____.Theauthorofthepassagepointsoutthat___,whilethelecturenotesthat___.Accordingtothereading,____.Thepassage’spointisdifferentfromtheprofessor,whichstatesthat____.SYNTHESIZINGContrarytothebeSYNTHESIZING展示SYNTHESIZING通过例题：PRIVATESPACEFLIGHTSYNTHESIZINGPRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记SYNTHESIZING1.Accordingtothelecture,thecostsofcreatingandrunningtrafficcontrolsystem,andoftestingnewspaceshipwillmakespaceflightexpensive.Thiscontradictsthepointsmadeinthereadingthat

competitionintheprivatespaceflightindustryquicklyreducecosts.SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING2.Theprofessorassertsthatprivatespacetravelislikelytopreventorevendelayscientificinnovationsbyluringtopscientistsawayfromseriousresearchestocommercialprojects.Contrarytowhatthebeliefinthepassagethatprivatizationofspaceflightwillspeedupbyincreasingthenumberofscientistsworkingintheareaofspaceflight.SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING3.Thelecturenotesthatthetaxpayingpublicwillendupsubsidizingspacestation,andsoon,becausetheprivateinvest(customers)cannotcoverthecost.Whiletheauthorofthepassagepointsoutthatthecostspaidbycustomersofprivatespaceflightindustrywillsignificantlyreducethefinancialburdenonpublic.SYNTHESIZING3.ThelecturenotINTEGRATEDTASKNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASKNOTE-TAKING12SU例题：CHARITABLEGIVINGT：charitablegivingR:declineL:╳

例题：CHARITABLEGIVINGT：charitaCHARITABLEGIVING阅读笔记：CHARITABLEGIVING阅读笔记：CHARITABLEGIVING听力笔记CHARITABLEGIVING听力笔记CHARITABLEGIVING2-mindrill写出BODYPART的第一段：2个句子：阅读一句话+听力一句话CHARITABLEGIVINGCHARITABLEGIVING1.Theteachersaysthatcharitablegivingwillriseinthefuture,asthegrowingcostsofpublicservicesfromincreasingelderlyandretiredpeoplecreateneedforprivatefunding.Thisisnotwhatthereadingstates,itissaidthatcharitablegivingwilldeclinesubstantially,becausegovernmentcancovermostofcharity.CHARITABLEGIVINGCHARITABLEGIVING2.

Thetalksaysthatthemismanagementincharitieshasbeenreformed,byforcingthecorruptedmanagerstoresign,whichgivesdonorsmoreconfidence.Inthereading,however,itisarguedthatdisclosuresofmismanagementofthecharitywillleadtoapermanentdeclineincharitablegiving.CHARITABLEGIVINGCHARITABLEGIVING3.Accordingtothelecture,peoplearelearninghowtoavoidfraudulentgivingincharitiesbyreceivingdocumentsbeforedonation,byturningdowndonationviatelephone.Theprofessor’spointisdifferentfromthereading.Thereadingstatesthatpeopleareunwillingtodonateduetothecharityfraud.CHARITABLEGIVING3.AccordingINTEGRATEDTASK科学性文章READING:设想LISTENING反1事实，解释驳：解释2事实，解释3事实，解释

INTEGRATEDTASKEasterIslandT:EasterIslandculturedeclineR:invasionL:internalcauses

EasterIslandT:EasterIEasterIslandp16T:EasterIslandculturedeclineR:invasionL:internalcauses

EasterIslandp16T:EasteEasterIsland1.TheteachersaysthatthedeforestationofEasterIslandisthemostplausiblyexplainedbyoverloggingbythenativepopulationwhousethelogstotransportthegiantstatues.Thisisnotwhatthereadingstates,itissaidthatEasterIslandwasdeforestedbyinvaderswhowereunconcernedaboutnaturalresources.EasterIslandEasterIsland3.Accordingtothelecture,ItislikelythatEasterIslandersadoptedanewreligionbecausetheylostfaithintheiroldgods.Theprofessor’spointisdifferentfromthereading,adoptinganewreligioncalled"BirdmanWorship"ofEasterIslandwasintroducedbyaforeigninvasion.EasterIsland3.AccordingtotEasterIsland2.Thetalksaysthatthemakingofgiantstatuesstoppedbecauseeconomicdifficulties(thelackoffishtoeat)leftislanderswithoutanyenergytomakethem,andalsoitbecausetherewerenologstotransportthem.Inthereading,however,itisarguedthatthistraditionalculturepracticeofEasterIslandwasdestructedbyinvasion.EasterIsland开头段划去BODYPART只看开头段

模板开头段划去BODYPARTModulartemplate

开头段：Inthelecture,theprofessormadeseveralpointsabout_________.Theprofessorarguesthat__________.However,thereadingcontendsthat______________.Thelecturecontradictsthereadingregardingseveralpoints

Modulartemplate

开头段：Firstly,thelecturerpointsoutthat______whichdiffersfromthereadinginthatthereadingstates______________.Theprofessorproveshisideawithanexample/areasonthat___________.Thepointmadebytheprofessorcastsdoubtonthereading.Firstly,thelecturerpointsoSecondly,contrarytothebeliefinthepassagethat____________,theprofessorclaimsthat_____________byshowingthat___________.Thepointunderminestheclaimmadeinthereading.Secondly,contrarytothebeliFinally,theprofessorstatesthat_________.Thisiscontrarytotheclaimthat___________.Alsotheprofessorexemplifieshis/heropinionbyshowingthat________.Thisdirectlychallengeswhatthereadingpassageindicates.Inconclusion,thepointsmadeinthelecturecontrastwiththereading.Finally,theprofessorstatesINTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式”笔记法：2-columnwayT:R:L:INTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:ALTRUISMOGp282ALTRUISMOGp282ALTRUISM的范文IntroductionParagraphThetopicforthelectureandthereadingpassageis______.Theprofessorarguesthat__________________________________________________

____whilethereadingcontends

that________________________________________________________________________________.Thelecturecontradictsthereadingregardingseveralpoints.altruism

peopleandanimalsactuallybenefitfromso-calledaltruismacts

altruismisakindofunselfishbehaviorwhichisquitecommonamongpeopleandanimalsALTRUISM的范文IntroductionParBodyParagraph1Firstly,thelecturerpointsoutthat____________________________________________________whichdiffersfromthereadinginthatthereadingstates_____________________________.Inotherwords,_______________________________________________________________.Thepointmadebytheprofessorcastsdoubtonthereading.

sentinelmeerkatsactuallyeatbeforetheothermeerkatstheygowithoutfoodtostandguardsentinelmeerkatshaveafullstomachastheyworkaccordingtorecentstudiesBodyParagraph1Firstly,thelBodyParagraph2Secondly,contrarytothebeliefinthepassagethat______________________________________________________,theprofessorclaimsthat_______________________________byshowingthat___________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Thepointunderminestheclaimmadeinthereading.

sentinelmeerkatsplacethemselvesindangerfrompredators

thealarmsentinelsgiveoffcandrawawaytheattentionfromthepredatorsandthesentinelmeerkatsstandneartheburrow

theyareactuallythefirsttoescape

BodyParagraph2Secondly,contBodyParagraph3Finally,theprofessorstatesthat_____________________________________________________________________.Thisiscontrarytotheclaiminthepassagethat___________________________________.Alsotheprofessorillustrateshisopinionbyshowingthat_______________________________________________________.Thisdirectlycontradictswhatthereadingpassageindicates.

humanorgandonorsreceiveappreciationandapprovalfromtherestofsocietythedonorsgainnothingfromtheiraction

suchnon-materialrewardsaremoreimportantthanmaterialisticgainsBodyParagraph3Finally,thepConcludingParagraphInconclusion,thepointsmadeinthelecturechallengethereading'sclaim.ConcludingParagraphInconclusINTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式”笔记法：2-columnwayT:R:L:INTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:School-yearvacationT:school-yearvacationR:valuableL:School-yearvacationT:schoolEernalhiringT:hiringanoutsiderR:advantageL:EernalhiringINTEGRATEDTASK综合写作技巧展示INTEGRATEDTASK综合写作INTEGRATEDTASK本课内容NOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASK本课内容NOTE-TAKINGINTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式”笔记法：2-columnwayT:R:L:INTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:INTEGRATEDTASK讲义第12页，第3题演示先画好“双栏”注意阅读信息笔记字数不超过15字读阅读每一段的Mainpoint和detail/reasonINTEGRATEDTASK讲义第12页，第3题演示PRIVATESPACETRAVELT：privatizedspaceflightindustryR:benefitsL:╳

PRIVATESPACETRAVELPRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记SCHOOLUNIFORMT：schooluniformR:stressL:╳

SCHOOLUNIFORMSCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：SCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：Schooluniform听力笔记Schooluniform听力笔记INTEGRATEDTASK2.SUMMARIZINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASK2.SUMMARIZINGNINTEGRATEDTASKSUMMARIZING1.eliminateunnecessaryinformation2.Combineintoasentence.因果关系INTEGRATEDTASKSUMMARIZINGINTEGRATEDTASKBecauseINTEGRATEDTASKBecauseINTEGRATEDTASK展示SUMMARIZING通过题目SCHOOLUNIFORMPRIVATESPACETRAVELINTEGRATEDTASK展示SUMMARIZINGSCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：SCHOOLUNIFORM阅读笔记：Schooluniform听力笔记Schooluniform听力笔记Schooluniform展示SUMMARIZING通过例题SCHOOLUNIFORM共6句话Schooluniform展示SUMMARIZINGSCHOOLUNIFORM1.Ifallstudentswearthesamestyleofuniform,clothingcostwillbeless.阅读第1Schooluniformisexpensive/pricy,andstudentswhowearuniformwillbuytrendyafter-schoolclothes.听力第1SCHOOLUNIFORMSCHOOLUNIFORM2.Witheveryonewearingthesameuniform,studentswillnotbeconcernedaboutwhethertheyarewearingthefashionably-correctclothes.阅读第2

Beingmadetowearaschooluniformmakesmanystudentsfeelmoreself-conscious,becausetheycanpresentthemselvesinawayofmakingthemcomfortable.听力第2SCHOOLUNIFORMSCHOOLUNIFORM3.Unityinclothingcaneliminatediscrimination,soteasingandbullyingofsomestudentsbyotherswillbesignificantlyreduced.阅读第3

Itisimpossibletoeliminateteasingandbullyingbecausetheyareinthatparticularstage,alsotheycanpickonotherthingslikemusicandbackpacks.听力第3SCHOOLUNIFORM3.UnityinclotINTEGRATEDTASK3.SYNTHESIZINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASK3.SYNTHESIZINGINTEGRATEDTASKSYNTHESIZING把SUMMARIZING的6句话整理成3大段，形成BODYPARTConnecttheinformationfrombothsourcesINTEGRATEDTASKSYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGAccordingtothelecture,____;thiscontradictsthepointsinthereadingthat____.Theprofessorarguesthat____.Thisisdifferentfromthereading,whichstatesthat____.Theteachersaysthat____.However,thisisnotwhatthereadingstates;itsaysthat_____.SYNTHESIZINGAccordingtothelSYNTHESIZINGContrarytothebeliefinthepassagethat___,theprofessorassertsthat____.Theauthorofthepassagepointsoutthat___,whilethelecturenotesthat___.Accordingtothereading,____.Thepassage’spointisdifferentfromtheprofessor,whichstatesthat____.SYNTHESIZINGContrarytothebeSYNTHESIZING展示SYNTHESIZING通过例题：PRIVATESPACEFLIGHTSYNTHESIZINGPRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL阅读笔记：PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记PRIVATESPACETRAVEL听力笔记SYNTHESIZING1.Accordingtothelecture,thecostsofcreatingandrunningtrafficcontrolsystem,andoftestingnewspaceshipwillmakespaceflightexpensive.Thiscontradictsthepointsmadeinthereadingthat

competitionintheprivatespaceflightindustryquicklyreducecosts.SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING2.Theprofessorassertsthatprivatespacetravelislikelytopreventorevendelayscientificinnovationsbyluringtopscientistsawayfromseriousresearchestocommercialprojects.Contrarytowhatthebeliefinthepassagethatprivatizationofspaceflightwillspeedupbyincreasingthenumberofscientistsworkingintheareaofspaceflight.SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING3.Thelecturenotesthatthetaxpayingpublicwillendupsubsidizingspacestation,andsoon,becausetheprivateinvest(customers)cannotcoverthecost.Whiletheauthorofthepassagepointsoutthatthecostspaidbycustomersofprivatespaceflightindustrywillsignificantlyreducethefinancialburdenonpublic.SYNTHESIZING3.ThelecturenotINTEGRATEDTASKNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATEDTASKNOTE-TAKING12SU例题：CHARITABLEGIVINGT：charitablegivingR:declineL:╳

例题：CHARITABLEGIVINGT：charitaCHARITABLEGIVING阅读笔记：CHARITABLEGIVING阅读笔记：CHARITABLEGIVING听力笔记CHARITABLEGIVING听力笔记CHARITABLEGIVING2-mindrill写出BODYPART的第一段：2个句子：阅读一句话+听力一句话CHARITABLEGIVINGCHARITABLEGIVING1.Theteachersaysthatcharitablegivingwillriseinthefuture,asthegrowingcostsofpublicservicesfromincreasingelderlyandretiredpeoplecreateneedforprivatefunding.Thisisnotwhatthereadingstates,itissaidthatcharitablegivingwilldeclinesubstantially,becausegovernmentcancovermostofcharity.CHARITABLEGIVINGCHARITABLEGIVING2.

Thetalksaysthatthemismanagementincharitieshasbeenreformed,byforcingthecorruptedmanagerstoresign,whichgivesdonorsmoreconfidence.Inthereading,however,itisarguedthatdisclosuresofmismanagementofthecharitywillleadtoapermanentdeclineincharitablegiving.CHARITABLEGIVINGCHARITABLEGIVING3.Accordingtothelecture,peoplearelearninghowtoavoidfraudulentgivingincharitiesbyreceivingdocumentsbeforedonation,byturningdowndonationviatelephone.Theprofessor’spointisdifferentfromthereading.Thereadingstatesthatpeopleareunwillingtodonateduetothecharityfraud.CHARITABLEGIVING3.AccordingINTEGRATEDTASK科学性文章READING:设想LISTENING反1事实，解释驳：解释2事实，解释3事实，解释

INTEGRATEDTASKEasterIslandT:EasterIslandculturedeclineR:invasionL:internalcauses

EasterIslandT:EasterIEasterIslandp16T:EasterIslandculturedeclineR:invasionL:internalcauses

EasterIslandp16T:EasteEasterIsland1.TheteachersaysthatthedeforestationofEasterIslandisthemostplausiblyexplainedbyoverloggingbythenativepopulationwhousethelogstotransportthegiantstatues.Thisisnotwhatthereadingstates,itissaidthatEasterIslandwasdeforestedbyinvaderswhowereunconcernedaboutnaturalresources.EasterIslandEasterIsland3.Accordingtothelecture,ItislikelythatEasterIslandersadoptedanewreligionbecausetheylostfaithintheiroldgods.Theprofessor’spointisdifferentfromthereading,adoptinganewreligioncalled"BirdmanWorship"ofEasterIslandwasintroducedbyaforeigninvasion.EasterIsland3.AccordingtotEasterIsland2.Thetalksaysthatthemakingofgiantstatuesstoppedbecauseeconomicdifficulties(thelackoffishtoeat)leftislanderswithoutanyenergytomakethem,andalsoitbecausetherewerenologstotransportthem.Inthereading,however,itisarguedthatthistraditionalculturepracticeofEasterIslandwasdestructedbyinvasion.EasterIsland开头段划去BODYPART只看开头段

模板开头段划去BODYPARTModulartemplate

开头段：Inthelecture,theprofessormadeseveralpointsabout_________.Theprofessorarguesthat__________.However,thereadingcontendsthat______________.Thelecturecontradictsthereadingregardingseveralpoints

Modulartemplate

开头段：Firstly,thelecturerpointsoutthat______whichdiffersfromthereadinginthatthereadingstates______________.Theprofessorproveshisideawithanexample/areasonthat___________.Thepointmadebytheprofessorcastsdoubtonthereading.Firstly,thelecturerpointsoSecondly,contrarytothebeliefinthepassagethat____________,theprofessorclaimsthat_____________byshowingthat___________.Thepointunderminestheclaimmadeinthereading.Secondly,contrarytothebeliFinally,theprofessorstatesthat_________.Thisiscontrarytotheclaimthat___________.Alsotheprofessorexemplifieshis/heropinionbyshowingthat________.Thisdirectlychallengeswhatthereadingpassageindicates.Inconclusion,thepointsmadeinthelecturecontrastwiththereading.Finally,theprofessorstatesINTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式”笔记法：2-columnwayT:R:L:INTEGRATEDTASK1.NOTE-TAKING:ALTRUISMOGp282ALTRUISMOGp282ALTRUISM的范文IntroductionParagraphThetopicforthelectureandthereadingpassageis______.Theprofessorarguesthat__________________________________________________

____whilethereadingcontends

that________________________________________________________________________________.Thelecturecontradictsthereadingregardingseveralpoints.altruism

peopleandanimalsactuallybenefitfromso-calledaltruismacts

altruismisakindofunselfishbehaviorwhichisquitecommonamongpeopleandanimalsALTRUISM的范文Introduct