新视野大学英语读写教程1 备课笔记

新视野大学英语读写教程1备课笔记新视野大学英语读写教程1备课笔记新视野大学英语读写教程1备课笔记xxx公司新视野大学英语读写教程1备课笔记文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度Unit1Preview<Generalidea>TraditionalclassroomThewaysoflearning(studyindependently)OnlinecoursesMoreconvenientDonotfeelintimidatedThinkclearly<Newwords>nolonger=not…anylonger“不再”（和延续性动词连用）Henolongerworkshere.（在主语和谓语之间）Hedoesnotworkhereanylonger.（句尾）means(1)[C](method,instrument)方式；手段；工具单复数同形Useforceasthemeansofsettlingconflicts.Allpossiblemeanshavebeenadopted.(2)[N]收入，财富，金钱Aperson/manofmeans(3)[P]livewithinone’smeans量入为出livebeyondone’smeans入不敷出bymeansof通过；采用~方式Thisisatwoyearcoursetaughtbymeansoflectures.(4)convention惯用语byallmeans当然可以，完全可以CanIcomeandhavealookatyourhouse?

Yes,byallmeans.advantage[C]有利条件，好处，优势Anotheradvantagesofbadtimeisthatthere’slesscompetition.There’sanotheradvantageofbeingpooradoctorwillcureyoufaster.Therearemanyadvantagestoworkinghard.ChinahasadvantagesoverotherAsiancountries.anadvantageoverA与A相比某事物的优点、优势

anadvantagetoAA事物的优点、优势[P]takeadvantageof利用Iintendtotakefulladvantageofthistriptobuythethingsweimidate[vt]恐吓，威胁Nimidated[adj]受到威胁的，害怕的ShebuysclothesfromstoresthatI’imidating[adj]令人胆怯的，令人害怕的He’sahugeintimidatingfigure.thinkthrough想透，想清楚并得出结论Hewillthinkthroughhisdecision.Beforeyoustartyourhabitchange,thinkthroughyourmotivation.trytodosomething努力做某事（还没做）trydoingsomething试着做某事（已经在进行中）Hetriedtofinishtheworkaheadoftime.Iusuallygotherebytrain.Whynottrygoingbyboatforachange

*stop,remember,forget等+不定式todo（未做）动名词doing（已做）SectionAPre-readingTheinternetmaybeabletohelpyouovercomeyourfrustrationswithlearningEnglish.IstartedlearningEnglishwhenIwasinjuniormiddleschool.Ididn’thowevergaincommandofthelanguageintheclassroom.ItwasonlywhenItriedlearningEnglishthroughanonlinecoursethatIfinallybecameproficient.Theonlinecoursewasjustasdifficultasclassroomstudy,butitprovidedbetterresults.Thereweremanyotheradvantagestoonlinelearningaswell.Ittaughtmehowtomanagemytimebettertoincludemyonlinestudiesinmybusyschedule.Learningbettertimemanagementhaspaidmanyrewardssince.<Generalidea>Theadvantagesoftakingonlinecoursesbetterresultsthanclassroomstudybettertimemanagement<Newwords>overcome[vt]克服，控制，战胜Findawaytoovercomeyourdifficulties.overcometheenemy[vt]（常用被动语态）感情上受到影响；使受不了(with,by)ThenightbeforethetestIwasovercomebyfearanddespair.Theresidentsweretryingtoescapefromthefirebutwereovercomebysmoke.frustration[n]挫折；失败；挫败；失意There

are

many

other

reasons

for

frustration.Frustrationandmistrustaregrowing.frustrate[vt]挫败；阻挠；使受挫折Thesequestionsfrustratedme.frustrated[adj]挫败的，失意的，泄气的Talkitoutsothatyoudon'tfeelfrustrated,orbored.frustrating[adj]使人沮丧的，令人泄气的Thecurrentsituationisveryfrustratingforus...ItisafrustratinganddifficulttimeforTom.junior[adj]较年幼的，较年小的；三年级的，低年级的；资历较浅的Studentsspendsixyearsinelementaryeducationandthreeyearsinjuniormiddleschool.Ofcourse,asajuniordesignerIdidn'tgetmuch.[N]年少者，青少年；晚辈；三年级生；职位较低者Shemarriedamansevenyearsherjunior.Itwasthesummerbeforehisjunioryearinhighficient[adj]精通的，熟练的AgreatnumberofChineseareproficientinforeignlanguages.Ifyouareaproficientwriteryoucanwriteabookoraplay.[n]能手，老手，专家Aproficientinmusicaswell也（too，位于句尾）Youknow,computersbringtroublesaswell.Watercomesintooursystemsnotjustfromdrinkingbutfromeatingaswell.Icandoitaswell.reward[vt]奖赏；回报Itisoftennecessarytorewardpeoplefortheirhardwork,ifyouwantthemtocontinueworkinghardforyou.[N][C,U]奖赏；回报Asarewardforpassingtheexams,shegotanewbikefromherparents.Shegotnorewardforallthehardworkshedid.rewarding [adj]值得做的，有益的，有意义的Doingexercisecanbeveryrewardingforeveryone.Shefindshercareerveryrewarding.PassageALearningaforeignlanguage<Textstructureanalysis>Para1Foreignlanguagelearning,arewardingexperience,isworththeeffort.Para2Atjuniormiddleschool:Positiveteachingmethodledtogoodlanguage-learningresults.Para3Atseniormiddleschool:Myteacherwasimpatientwhichmademeloseinterestinlearningthelanguage.Para4Atcollege:LargeclassesandstudentswithbetterEnglishmademefeelintimidatedwhenIspokeEnglish,andthispreventedmefromlearningfurtherPara5Thelanguage-learningsituationchangedforthebetterwhenIbeganlearningonline.Para6Onlinelearningisnoteasierthantraditionalclassroomlearning.Itrequirescommitmentanddisciplinetokeepupwiththecourse.Para7Therehavebeenupsanddownswithmyonlinelearning.However,IdidnotfeelintimidatedbystudentswithbetterEnglish,andIfinallyreapedthebenefitsofmyhardwork.Para8Learningaforeignlanguagehasbeendifficultbuthasbroughtmemanybenefits.<Newwords>Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperiencesofmylife.yet[adv]然而，不过Theywerebornpoor,yetproud.attimes有时，偶尔Heusedtogotothetheatreattimes.他以前偶尔会去看看戏。Attimeshefeelsthathewantstoleavehisjob.有时他真想辞职。beworthsth./doingsth.值得...的Thewatchisworthmorethantheprice.这表的价值超出标价。Doingmorningexercisesisworththetime.花点时间做早操是值得的。He'sdecidedtogetalookatthehouseandseeifitmightbeworthbuying.Isthedreamworthpursuing?positive[adj]积极的Weneedtotakepositivestepstoimprovethesituation.[adj]确实的，明确的Itseemsunlikelytome,butsheseemedverypositive.I'mabsolutelypositiveIhaven'tmadeamistake.worryabout担心，烦恼Doyouworryaboutyourweight?

Iworryaboutmygrades.beworriedabout为…担心，烦恼Don'tbeworriedaboutmyabilityoflearningEnglish.Youmaybeworriedaboutyourappearance.atthetopof在…顶上Start

reading

at

the

top

of

the

page.onthetopof在顶部的The

dawns

on

the

top

of

that

mountain

are

impressive.那山顶上的黎明予人深刻的印象。senior[adj]（地位、水平、层次）较高的Televisionandradioneededmanymorewomeninseniorjobs.电视和广播领域需要有更多女性来担任高级职位。[N][C]较年长者Herhusbandwasnineyearshersenior.她丈夫比她大9岁。[C]（地位或等级）较高者；长辈Onlytheseniorsmadethedecisions.beeagertodosth.beeagerforsth.盼望，渴望Jessicaiseager

to

communicate

with

people

from

various

cultures.Finally,

as

a

student,

he

should

be

eager

for

knowledge

and

williing

to

work

hard.continuedoingsth.继续做同一件事（还没完成）continuetodosth.继续做另一件事情（已经完成一件工作）Afterarest,hecontinueshisreading.Afterhefinishedreadinganovel,hecontinuedtoplaygameswithhisfriends.bedifferentfrom与…不同；不同于Everyone

wants

to

be

different

from

others,

as

a

result,

everyone

is

alike.former[adj]在前的，以前的，旧时的A

former

schoolmate

of

mine

started

a

tourism

business.[n](theformer)前者GiventhechoicebetweenawhiteT-shirtandagreenone,mostpeoplewouldchoosetheformerbecausegreenisnotpopular.bepatientwith对…有耐心Agooddoctorshouldbepatientwitheverypatient.in-不，非，无（prefix前缀）incorrect（不正确的），incapable（无能力的），inaccurate（不准确的）inactive（不活跃的），insignificant（不重要的），invisible（不可见的，看不见的）inability（无能，无力）notonly,butalso的部分倒装

notonly…butalso…前后连接两个句子时，notonly后的句子要用部分倒装，但butalso后的分句不用倒装。Notonlydidhecome,buthealsosawher.Notonlyisheateacher,butheisalsoapoet.Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,buthealsospokemoreslowly.Notonlydidtheypresentamusicalperformance,buttheyalsogaveabriefintroductiontothehistoryofWesterninstruments.unlike[prep]不像；和...不同Shewasunlikehimineverywayexceptforhereyes.farfrom 一点都不The

project

is

far

from

perfect.Iknowhewashurt,buthewasfarfrombeingthepersonwhowashurtmost.beableto能够Youwillbeabletoadviseus.acoupleof一些，几个Iwillneedacoupleofminutestocompletethereport.Imethimacoupleoftimeslastyear.beafraidtodosthbeafraidofsth/doingsthIusedtobeafraid____bigdogs,nowI'mstillafraid___bigdogs.Aof,toseeBto,ofseeingCofseeing,toDto,ofmedium[n][C]媒介，媒体TVisamediumforgivinginformationandopinions.Lighttravelsthroughthemediumofair.[adj]中等的Whatsizeshirtdoeshewear—mediumorlarge

get/have/obtainaccessto有权享用；可以使用Peoplelivingherehaveaccesstothepoolforfree.IfIcouldgetaccesstotheheadoffices,Icouldtellthemanagementmynewideasabouthowtoimprovethiscompany.participate(in)[vi]takepart(in)参与，参加Somemembersrefusedtoparticipate.Onlypersonsaged20yearsorovermayparticipateinthiscontest.virtual [adj]虚拟的Thisisavirtualshoppingcentre

[adj]实质上的；实际上的Itisavirtualcertaintythatyouwillbecomethebeststudentinthisclass;you'mitment [N][U]投入,致力，献身(~to)Hiscommitmenttostudyhasmadehimthemostsuccessfulpersoninhissmalltown.[N][C]apromisetofollowcertainbeliefsoractions承诺，许诺，保证Marriageisalifelongcommitment.keepupwith赶上；不落后Thesmallchildhadtoruninordertokeepupwithhisbrother.I'mhavingtroublekeepingupwiththerestoftheclass.26.discipline [N][U]纪律；自制能力Hedidnotlikethearmybecauseofthestrictdiscipline.Ittakesalotofdisciplinetoeatlessandloseweight.[N][C]学科Shehasnotyetdecidedwhichdisciplinetotakeatcollege,butshemightstudyhistory.27.minimum[adj]最低的，最小的Theminimumagetobuycigarettesis18.[n][sing.]最低限度；最少量Youhavetostayforaminimumofsevendays.你起码要呆上7天。Thepriceisherminimum;sherefusestoloweritanymore.28.assignment [N][C]任务；作业As

soon

as

you

get

the

assignment,

ask

for

a

deadlinefirst.Theteacheraskedherstudentstofinishtheirassignmentseveryday.29.aswellas既…又…；除…之外（也）；此外I'mlearningJapaneseaswellasEnglish.Wehaveshortcomingsaswellasgoodpoints.30.embarrass[vt]使尴尬；使窘迫；使害羞;使（公众人物、组织等）难堪；给…出难题Doesyourbossoftenpullyoudownandembarrassyouinfrontofcolleagues?

你的老板是否经常给你拆台，并且在同事面前让你难堪？Don'tembarrasshimwithprivatethings.embarrassed[adj]局促不安的；为难的；尴尬的；窘迫的Helookedabitembarrassed.anembarrassedsilenceembarrassing[adj]使人尴尬的，令人为难的Thatwasanembarrassingsituationforme.31.onceinawhile时不时，偶尔，间或Ireadnovelsonceinawhiletogivemybrainarest.32.feellikesth./doingsth.想要；想做Ifeellikeacupoftea.我想要杯咖啡。Ijustdon'tfeellikedoinganythingtonight.今晚我什么事情都不想干。33.giveup 停止，放弃Myteachertoldmenottogiveupnomatterhowdifficultthingsbecome.I'vegivenuptryingtogethertochangehermind.34.thinkout 仔细考虑；推敲；琢磨Ineedtimetothinkthingsout.Shehadn'tthoughtoutwhatshewasgoingtosayattheparty.35.post [vt]发帖子；张贴TheypostnoticesontheInternet.36.justabout几乎；几近；大约；马上Thatwouldbejustaboutperfect.I'eacross偶然遇到；偶然发现I'venevercomeacrossanyonelikeherbefore.WhileIwascleaningthehouse,IcameacrosssomeoldpicturesIhadneverseenbefore.38.continual[adj]不间断的；不停的；多次重复的；频繁的Writedownyournightmare,ortellsomeoneelseaboutittostopthecontinualthoughts.continually[adv]不停地；持续地；屡屡地；一再地TheMuseumiscontinuallydeveloping—there'ssomethingnewtoseeeveryyear.Thechildwascontinuallychanginghismind.39.reap[vt]获得，得到Nowtheyhavecometoreapthebenefitsoftheirhardwork.现在他们该摘取他们的劳动成果了。Thosewhotakerisksoftenreapgreatrewards.肯冒风险，才有大收获。[vt]收割；收获Thewomenwerealloutreapingthefields.妇女们都出去收割庄稼了。40.benefit [N][C]益处，好处Tourismhasbroughtmanybenefitstothearea.[vt&vi]有益于Thenewteachingprogramwillbenefitmanystudents.Thebanksufferswhileitsofficersbenefit.41.trying[adj]令人难于忍受的；难堪的；令人厌烦的Inthesetryingtimestherearemanychallengesaheadforthegovernment.42.tradefor 用…换…Itradedmyoldcarforanewone.Inordertopayoffhisdebts,hehadtotradehispianoformoney.43..insight[N][C,U]洞悉；深刻的见解Thelectureprovidesnewinsightsintothewaywelearnlanguage.Herresearchhasgivenussomeinsightintowhatsparksachild'scuriosity.44.manymore更多manymore和muchmore都可指“更多”。manymore后接一个名词一定是个复数可数名词。若不接名词，则more本身就被看作是一个复数名词，表示复数概念。Somestudentsareagainsttheplan,butmanymore(students)supportit.muchmore后接一个名词，这个名词一定是个不可数名词。若不接名词，则more本身就被看作是一个不可数名词。Thefarmershaveproducedmuchmorerice.Shehasmuchmoretodo.manymore不可能修饰形容词和副词，而muchmore和farmore,evenmore,stillmore等一样，可以修饰形容词和副词，表示“更加”。ThisTVsetismuchmoreexpensive.Heworkedmuchmorecarefullyonthenewdesign.45.insteadof 而不是；代替Theyraisedpricesandcutproductioninsteadofcuttingcosts.他们又是提价，又是减产，却没有降低成本。HetookEnglishashismajorinsteadofJapanese.46.reachoutto接触，联系Onlinelearninghelpsusreachouttonewfriends.47.gap[n][C]差距；分歧There'saten-yeargapbetweenKay'stwochildren.Theagegapbetweenusdidn'tseemtomatteruntilwedecidedtohavechildren.bridgethegap弥合分歧，弥合鸿沟Exercises<Vocabulary>estimate<vt>估计，估算；评价，评论；估量，估价Iestimatethatthetotalcostfortreatmentwillbe$12,500...<N>估计，预测；报价，预算书；评价，判断Insb’sestimateataroughestimatecomplain<vi>~about/of抱怨，诉苦；申诉，控诉，抗议Several

months

ago,

my

friend

anna

called

to

complain

about

her

boyfriend

of

eight

months.Chinesefirmscomplainoftroublewithvisas.<vt>诉说，申诉，控告[后面常跟从句]Splaint<N>daredare有时用作普通动词，如，Hedaredtospeak和Hedoesn'tdaretospeak；有时又用作情态动词，如，Hedaren'tspeak。<aux>（情态动词）敢，竟敢Dareshetellhim.Hedarenotenter.<vi>敢；敢于MostpeoplehateHarrybuttheydon'tdaretosayso.<vt>敢；敢做；激（某人做某事）；问（某人）有没有胆量（做某事）Idareyoutositthroughforty-fiveminuteswithsomeonelikeVincent!havebeendoing现在完成进行时havep.p现在完成时二者有共同点，但最大区别在于现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性。Shehasbeenwritingthelettersincetwohoursago.两个小时以来,她一直都在写信

现在完成进行时一、现在完成进行时的谓语动词构成have/hasbeenworking二、现在完成进行时的功能（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincetenyearsago.自从十年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）（二）表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.我们已经等你半个钟头了。（动作不再继续下去）（三）表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动。Shehasbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.注意：（一）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。Ihaveknownhimforyears.我认识他已经好几年了。（二）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。Ihavebeenworkinghereforfiveyears.Ihaveworkedhereforfiveyears.我在这里已经工作两年了。（三）大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。Ihavebeenwritingabook.（动作还将继续下去）我一直在写一本书。Ihavewrittenabook.（动作已经完成）我已经写了一本书。

现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别（一）现在完成时分“已完成”和“未完成”两种用法：1．“已完成”指的是动作发生在过去，强调其对现在产生的影响。Ihaveseenthisfilm.我看过这部电影。(意思说我已经知道了电影的内容。)注意：“已完成”这种用法一般不带时间状语，但可以和already,yet,before,ever,just,no等副词连用。Ihaveneversaidheisrich.我从来不说他有钱。

2.“未完成”指的是动作从过去开始，且一直继续到现在。因此不能用表示瞬间性的或称短暂性的动词。“未完成”的现在完成时常与since结构或“for+一段时间”的状语连用。IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.我一出生就住在这里。

注意：“未完成”这种用法还常与untilnow,sofar,in/duringthepast/last...等连用。Inthepasttenyears,manynewschoolshavebeenbuiltupinourcity.过去十年中我市已兴建了许多新学校。（二）现在完成进行时与现在完成时的“未完成”用法类似。它强调动作的延续，常常译做“一直在……”。其基本用法有三个：1.现在完成进行时表示从过去开始、现在仍在继续的动作。其时间状语除了since结构和for结构外，还有allthistime,thisweek,thismonth,allnight,allthemorning,recently等状语。I’vebeenwaitingforanhourandhestillhasn’tturnedup.我等了一个小时，可他还没来。2.现在完成进行时还用来表示从过去开始、现在刚刚结束的动作。I’msorryI’mlate.Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?真对不起，我迟到了。你等了很久了吧?3.现在完成进行时还可以用来表示反复的、连续的动作。Shehasbeentelephonedherhusband,butthereisnoanswer.她一直在给她丈夫打电话，但没有人接。4.现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。Tom’shandsareverydirty.Hehasbeenrepairingthecar.Thecarisgoingagainnow.Tomhasrepairedtakeplace发生，举行Electionstakeplaceeveryfouryears.Themeetingwilltakeplaceasplanned.layinOldsallylayinbedinafreezingcoldroom.(躺)Localleadersdecidedthatthecity’sfuturelayinleatherandfur.（在于）circumstance[N][C]情况；情形；形势Iwishwecouldhavemetunderhappiercircumstances.[N](复数)（事件发生的）情形，详情，原委Hundredsofpeoplehaddiedthereinterriblecircumstancesduringandaftertherevolution.[N](复数)生活状况；境况；（尤指）经济状况Iwouldn'thaveexpectedtofindyouinsuchcomfortablecircumstances.[ph]underanycircumstances在任何情况下，无论如何Shemadeitclearthatundernocircumstanceswouldshecancelthetrip.[ph]inthecircumstances/underthecircumstances在那种情况下，情况既然如此Inthecircumstances,Jenny'splanslookedhighlyappropriate.leadto把…带到；领到；（道路）通向；导致Thatcanleadtoseriousconsequences.Clearquestionsleadtoclearanswers.<Sentencestructure>1.While作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表对比。Somepeoplewastefood,whileothershaven’tenough.Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome,whiletheparentswereworkinginthefields.2.notonly…butalso连接两个分句，并且notonly位于句首时，第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。Notonlydoesthesungiveuslight,butalsoitgivesusheat.NotonlydidhespeakEnglishcorrectly，butalsohespeaksitfluently.Notonlyisthisyoungmanclever,butalsoheishardworking.SectionBReadingskillsFindingoutwordmeanings<skills>definition,examples,synonyms,antonyms,wordstemsandaffixes,generalsenseofasentence<newwords>1.experienced[adj]有经验的；老练的Thisoldmanisanexperiencedworker.2.figureout计算出，解决；弄明白First,figureoutexactlywhatyouwanttodoinlifeandwhatyouwanttobe.3.un-（prefix前缀）：构成反义词unfamiliar/unknown/unlike/unkind/uncomfortable/unhealthy/unable/unfinished/unfriendly…4.contextual[adj]文脉上的，前后关系的Useanycontextualcluesavailabletoyoutobegintounderstandwhatyouhear.context[N]（想法、事件等的）背景，环境Wearedoingthisworkinthecontextofreformsintheeconomic,socialandculturalfields.[N]上下文；语境Canyouguessthecontentsofthatcontractfromthecontext

[ph]incontext(在上下文中；置于背景之下)outofcontext(脱离上下文；断章取义地)5.inorderto为了Allanimalshavetoeatinordertolive.6.remove[vt]消除Ican'tremovethisstainfromthecarpet.[vt]移开，挪走Tompausedtoremovehissunglasses.removal[N][U]消除；去除theremovalofobstacles[N]搬家；搬移；搬迁theremovaloffurniture7.relateto与有关Everysentenceshouldrelatetothatmainpoint.8.adversity[N]逆境；不幸；灾难Heshowedcourageinadversity.Peoplesmile,eveninadversity.9.scarce[adj]缺乏的，罕见的Foodwasscarceandexpensive…Jobsarebecomingincreasinglyscarce.10.extreme[adj]极其的，极度的Thegirlswereafraidofsnakesandpickedtheirwayalongwithextremecaution.[adj]极端的HereIdescribedanextremeexampleofthisdisease.[adj]偏激的；过激的Thisextremeviewhasn'tcapturedpopularopinion.(这种偏激的观点未被大众接受。)[adj]尽头的；末端的theroomattheextremeendofthecorridor.(在走廊尽头的那个房间)[n]极端；完全相反的事物a'middleway'betweentheextremesofsuccessandfailure…成功和失败这两个极端之间的“中间地带”11.ubiquitous[adj]无所不在的；普遍存在的Sugarisubiquitousinthediet…糖在这种饮食里随处可见。12.theoppositeof相反的Theoppositeofloveisnothate,isindifferent.13.futile[adj]无益的；无用的；徒劳的Itwouldbefutiletosustainhislifewhenthereisnochanceofanyimprovement.如果没有任何好转的机会，继续维持他的生命也是无益的。14.re-（prefix前缀）：表示再一次rearrange（重新整理）、rebirth（再生）、rebuild（重建）、recount（重新计算）、redo（再做）、reenter（再进入）、relive（再生）、remake（重制）redesign[v]重新设计Thehotelhasrecentlybeenredesignedandredecorated。15.baseon建立在…基础上Oneownviewshouldbaseonthefact.(一个人应该以事实作为自己看法的依据。)16.relyon信赖；依赖；依靠；信任Canwerelyonhimtosupportus?

Everyoneneedsafriendtorelyon.Allartisticachievementsrelyoninspiration.17.extricate[vt]使摆脱困难，脱身,解救；救出(from)Itisnotclearhowshewillextricateherselffromthemess.18.underline[vt]在…下面画线Taketwocolouredpensandunderlinethepositiveandnegativewords.(用两支彩笔分别在表示肯定和否定意义的词下面画线。)[vt]加强，强调Theyalsounderlinethatdrinkingtoomuchcancauseliverproblems.19.forum[N][C]论坛；讨论会Italsoprovidedaforumforthelatestresearchresults.(它还为最新研究成果提供了一个论坛。)20.visual[adj]视觉的Childrenlearntoreadbyunderstandingvisualsymbols.21.barrier[N][C]障碍Alackofeducationisabarriertoagoodjob.22.hinder[vt]阻碍，妨碍，阻止Inotherwords,itwouldhelpthecompany'sbusiness,nothinderit.23.prevent[v]预防；阻碍；阻止Furthertreatmentwillpreventcancerfromdeveloping.Thepolicehavebeentryingtopreventthemcarryingweapons.25.instructor[N]教师；指导者HeworkedasadanceinstructorinLondon.instruct[vt]教育，指导Hewassenttoinstructtheworkersinoperatingthenewmachine.[vt]指示，命令；通知Touristsareinstructednottotakepicturesinsidethebuilding.Themanagerinstructedhissecretarytocancelallhisappointments.26.absolutely[adv]完全地；彻底地；绝对地Myanswerisabsolutelyyes.Jillisabsolutelyright…27.explicit[adj]清楚的；直截了当的He'snotbeingveryexplicitabouthisplans,ishe?

28.comment[N][C]意见；评论Theauthorgivesusefulcommentonmanyoftheideasdiscussed.Hewasnewtotheteamandwasn'tsurewhetherornotheshouldgivehiscommentsontheirdirection.[vi]评论Iaminnopositiontocommentonthematter.(我无权对此事发表评论。)29.attentive[adj]注意的；专心的；留意的Ourgroupwasevenmoreattentivethanusual.[adj]关心的；体贴的；殷勤的Hewasalwaysattentivetohiswife.(他对妻子总是很体贴。)30.assimilate[vt]吸收，理解，掌握Itwilltaketimetoassimilateallthesenewideas.31.critical[adj]极为重要的，关键性的Hishelpiscriticaltooursuccess.[adj]评论的Hemadeacriticalanalysisoftheevent.32.takein理解；领会；领悟Icouldn'ttakeinwhyyouareangry.takedown取下，拿下Alicetookthepaintingdownfromthewall.写下；记录Itookdownhiscommentsinshorthand.(我用速记法把他的评论记录了下来。)33.analysis[N]分析，分解Wedidananalysisofthewaythatgovernmentmoneyhasbeenspentinthepast.34.effective[adj]有效的，起作用的Effectivecommunicationisvitalinproblemsolving.[adj]生效的ThenewlawwillbeeffectivefromApril16th.35.facilitator[N][C]促进者，推动者Thetutoristhefacilitatoroflearning,whilethelearnerisactive.(家教固然能促进学习，学习者自身才起主动作用。)facilitate[vt]使容易；有助Withmoderntechnology,theprocessofcommunicationisgreatlyfacilitated.(有了现代化设备，交流的过程大大便利了。)36.quality[N][C]质量；品质Everyonecangreatlyimprovethequalityoflife.[adj]优质的，高质量的Wehavebeensuccessfulbecauseweareofferingaqualityservice.PassageBKeytosuccessfulonlinelearning<Generalideas>Theidealqualitiesofsuccessfulonlinestudents:Beopen-mindedaboutsharinglife,work,andlearningexperiencesaspartofonlinelearning.Beabletocommunicatethroughwriting.Bewillingto“speakup”ifproblemsarise.Taketheprogramseriously.Acceptcriticalthinkinganddecisionmakingaspartofonlinelearning.Beabletothinkideasthroughbeforereplying.Keepupwiththeprogressofthecourse.<Newwords>While的用法Whileregularschoolsstillexist,thevirtualclassroomplayaanimportantroleintoday’slearningcommunity.（让步状语从句）Whileexplainingsomethingtoothers,studentsreinforcetheirownknowledgeaboutthesubject.（时间状语从句）A、while用作名词时，意为“一段时间，一会儿”。例如：Istayedthereforashortwhile.Thepostmancameashortwhileago.B、while用作连词时，有以下几种含义：1.意为“当……时候，和……同时”，引导时间状语从句。WhileIwaswatchingTV，thebellrang.MeimeiwatchedTVwhilesheatehersupper.2.意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。Whileitwaslate，hewentonworking.Whileheisinpoorhealth，heworkshard.3.连接两个并列句子，表示“对比”关系。Hewentoutforawalk，whileIstayedathome.Ilikesingingwhileshelikesdancing.Youlikesports，whileIprefermusic.C、while引导状语从句时，应注意以下几点：1.while引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句末；而while引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首，不放在句末。另外，也可以从意义上加以区分。Whilehewastired，hewentonworking.（虽然他累了，但他还是继续工作。）（while引导让步状语从句）Whilehewastired，hewouldhavearest.（他累了就休息一会儿。）（while引导时间状语从句）2.while引导让步状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，那么从句的主语和谓语动词be都可以省略。Whilehewasill,hewentthere.（=Whileill，hewentthere.）（虽然他有病，但他还是去那里了。）3.while和when都可以引导时间状语从句，但应注意：while引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词；而when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，while和when可以互相替换。Whileweweretalking，theteachercamein.Thebushadleftwhenwearrivedatthebusstop.（arrive是非延续性动词，因此，此句中的when不能用while替换。）When/Whilewewerehavingameeting，ourteachercamein.（have是延续性动词，因此，句中的when可以用while替换。）4.while引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中”。Whiletheteacherwasspeaking，thestudentswerelistening.Whilehewaswriting，Iwasreading.playarolein起作用；扮演~角色Onlinelearningisplayingaveryimportantroleineducation.MnyfamousactorshaveplayedtheroleofHmunity[N][C]团体；界Therearefourwaysyoucanhelpprovidethisimportantservicetoouracademiccommunity.（你可以通过四种方式协助向我们学会提供这项重要服务。）[N][C]区；社区居民Theymaderegulationstobettermanagethecommunity.（他们确立规章制度，以更好地管理社区。）expand[v]（使）变大；（使）扩张；（使）膨胀Eversincehestartedschool,hehastriedtoexpandhismindwithnewinformation.(从开始上学起，他就想用新知识充实头脑。)be/becomeawareof认识到，知道，觉察到Areyouawareofmycoming你知道我要来吗

Iwasnotawarethatyouhadalreadyheardofthenews.不知道你们已经听说了这消息。unique[adj]极不寻常的，极好的Theexhibitionprovidedauniqueopportunitytoseetheartist'swork.[adj]唯一的，独特的，独一无二的Eachperson'sfingerprintsareunique.ideal[adj]最好的，理想的idealplaceforahomewouldbenearapark.[adj]想象的，理想化的Platodreamedofanidealsociety.柏拉图梦想有一个理想社会。aspartof~的一部分Youcouldmentionthisresearchaspartofyourdiscussion.inaddition另外，加之Inaddition,thissnowalsocausedatleastthreepeoplewerekilled.Theyboughtsomejunkfoodinaddition.reflecton深思，考虑Hehadtimetoreflectonhissuccessesandfailures.他有时间对自己的成功和失败进行反思。inthisway这样，以这种方式Inthiswaypollutioncanbesloweddown.perspective[N][C]视角；观点Lawyersandeconomistsoftenapproachproblemsfromdifferentperspectives.律师与经济学家看待问题的角度往往是不同的。Wemustlookattheproblemintherightperspectiveifwearetomakepositivechangeinthewaywedothings.如果要积极改变我们做事的办法,必须以正确的眼光看待这个问题。peer[N][C]同龄人；同等地位的人Theboywaspopularwithhispeers.那个男孩很受同龄人的欢迎。Americanchildrendidnotdoaswellinmatha