英语完形填空上下文语境

英语完形填空上下文语境英语完形填空上下文语境英语完形填空上下文语境xxx公司英语完形填空上下文语境文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度英语完形填空上下文语境能影响完形词语选择的不仅仅有整篇文章的主旨和中心，还包括所缺词语上下

文的词语，即我们所谓的上下文语境。他们之间形成相互提示或者互相反衬的作用。

I．请填出下列段落所缺词语，词性在括号中已给出。

1．Heshowedno_____________(n.)inlearning.Hismarkswerealwayspoor,henevercompletedareadingassignmentorparticipatedinclassdiscussions,andherarelydidhishomework.Atanearlyagehewasbrandeda“nonlearner.”

解析：

题目中横线上应填出“interest”，即兴趣。在原文中出现类似“nevercompletedorparticipated”，“rarelydid”等字眼，说明文中的“he”问题不出现在能力(ability)或者耐心（patience）上，而是在于学习的兴趣。如果缺乏的是能力，那么上下文应该出现类似“difficult，hard”等词语。

2.Whentheysaweachotherforthefirsttimeinthedimcandlelightlaterthatnight,theystood_______(adv.).Forwordscouldnotexpresshowprofoundlytouchedeachofthemwasbythesacrificemadebytheotherinthenameoflove.

解析：

横线应填充词语“silently”，即“沉默相对”。理由是后文中出现了“words

couldnotexpress…”，说明语言表达不出彼此的感动，因此此处“silently”在语境中是最合适的。

3.Mydadalsounderstoodthevalueofagoodsenseofhumor.“Backintheolddays,”heoftentoldme,“weweresopoorwehadtobegfor_______(n.).”Sosometimes,whenIwasfastasleep,dreamingofthehomerunsIwouldhit,hewouldgentlyleanovermybedandshoutintomyear,“Russianbombers!Russianbombers!Run!Run!”Andthenhewouldlaughandlaugh.

解析：

答案应是jokes。很多同学看到“poor”，联想到过去生活的困苦，很自然地会在横线中填出“money”，或“food”等词语，但其实原文并非要表达此含义。在文段主题句中作者提到“agoodsenseofhumor.”，即父亲所拥有的是幽默感。在下文出现了“laughandlaugh”即上文发生的事应与其相关。综合上下文信息，jokes是横线所缺词语。

4.Inhertowntherewasaspecialprogramthattaughtadultstoread,butBerthaIngramwasquitenervous.WouldpeoplelaughatherWouldthey_______toteachherItdidn’thappenthatway.Shehadateacherwhoworkedveryhardwithher.AfterthefirstdayIngramcouldhardlywaittogettothelibrary.

A.likeB.refuseC.agreeD.stop

解析：

此处答案是B。很多同学会错选成A或者C。认为文中人物在担心“他们会愿意或者喜欢教她知识么?”。此处我们又要借助于完形语境的帮助：文段中出现了类似“nervous”，“laughat”的词语，都是表示否定含义的，也代表了人物的担忧和担心，因此横线上最佳的选择也是表示否定意义的“refuse”，它能够表达出人物紧张的心情和她所担心发生的情况。

5.WhileonceIthoughtmydadwasjustaboutthe_____________(adj.)maninthewholewideworld,infacthewasquitesmall,andthin,andhisfacewasascrackedandpockmarkedastheoldleatherseatsofhisbeloved’52Pontiac.

解析：

本段横线中应填“big”。与前四个文段不同，此时上下文语境的作用不是顺承与提示，而是反衬。词语“while”表示对比，与infact引出的quitesmall相映衬，因此横线中缺少的词语是small的反义词，即big。

6.MygrandfatherjoinedthearmytofightforhiscountrywhenGermansoldierstookhishometownofTarnowinPoland.“Standstraight,standtall,”meantsomethingelsebackthen.Afterthewar,heleftforAmerica._______inanewcountry,hewasfrightenedabouthisfuture.WalkingintothecrowdedandnoisystreetsofNewYork,“Standstraight,andstandtall,”hewouldtellhimself.

A.BeinghomesickB.WithoutmoneyC.FullofhopesD.Allalone

解析：

正确答案是D。此处的语境起到的也是反衬的作用。从可能性上考虑不管是

A选项中的Beinghomesick还是B选项中的Withoutmoney都能够给人带来恐惧感，因此这里我们不能靠主观臆断，而应该尊重原文。看后文“WalkingintothecrowdedandnoisystreetsofNewYork”在父亲眼中，纽约市繁忙的，拥挤噪杂的，因此与自己的状态形成了鲜明的对比。从这个意义上，文中的语境与所选答案是一种反衬关系。

由上述几段文章可知，完形填空的选择与答案必须尊重原文与作者的原意。选择具体词语时不仅仅要考虑文章整体的主旨，中心，作者的意图，还要考虑其所在段落上下文的语境。语境会对选择形成一种映衬或者对比的关系，能够对我们有重要的提示作用。

II.请完成下列题目，体会完形语境的作用。

（一）

IwaslivinginNewYorkwhenmyfathercalled.Hewasworkinginthecityandsuggestedwemeetfordinner.Butmorepleasingandsurprisingtomewasthewaywehadthedinner.Forthistimehedidn’tspendthewholetimegivingadviceIdidn’t1.Hetalkedwithme.

Iwalkedhimtothebusstation.Whilewewerewaiting,hestoodagainstthewall.Myfatherhad2beenastrongandheavyman.NowIsawhowthinandweakhewas.Hethentoldmesomethingthatsurprisedme.Hesaidhestill3,insidehishead,likeayoungman,andcouldn’tbelievehe’dpassedsixty.

“Youdon’tknow,atyourage,howfasttimegoes,”hesaid,“IfIneverreallytalkedwithyouboysasmuchasI’dhavelikedto,itwasbecausetherewassolittletimeandsomuchIhadtoteachyou.Ijustdidn’twantyoutomakeallthemistakesIhadmade.Iwantedto4youfromsomeofthetroublesIhad.”

Iwantedtosay,“Thankyou,Dad,fortellingmethat.”IknewatlastIwasa5tomyfather.Wecouldtalkwitheachother.ButIwastoo6bytheeveningtosayhowIwasfeeling.

Itwasthelast7weeverhad.

IwasinFloridaonabusinesstripwhenI8home.Dadhadastroke(中风)lastnight,aftercominghomefromwork.He’dalwayssaidhewantedtoworktillthedayhedied.Hegothiswish.Mywish,foranothertalkwithmyfather,wouldgounfulfilled(未完成的).

InowknowthingsIdidn’tknow9myfatherwasalive.Timedoesgoreallyfast.Thereissomuchtoteachmyboyandsolittletime:I’ve10himchangefrombabytochildtoboyinlesstimecertainlythanItook.Iknowthetemptation(引诱)alwaystobetellinghimthings,thethingshe’ll11tosurvive(生存),tobeagoodperson.

ButIremembermyfather’sfinallesson.MyboywilllearnbywhatIamandwhatIdofarmorethanbywhatItellhim.

WhenEric,agedeight,says,“Dad,canwetalk?”I12mybookandsay,“Sure.”Ithinkforasecondhewantsmyadviceaboutsomething,butthenIremember.Hedoesn’twantadvice.Hejustwantstotalk.

1.A.wantB.followC.understandD.know

2.A.onceB.justC.oftenD.sometimes

3.A.thoughtB.lookedC.wishedD.felt

4.A.avoidB.saveC.helpD.pull

5.A.manB.boyC.sonD.friend

6.A.nervousB.excitedC.thankfulD.frightened

7.A.chanceB.wordC.conversationD.dinner

8.A.arrivedB.wentC.calledD.missed

9.A.whenB.whatC.thoughD.because

10.A.noticedB.seenC.madeD.watched

11.A.haveB.needC.getD.try

12.A.lookatB.holdupC.putdownD.takeout

参考答案：

1-6AADBAB7-12CCADBC

解析：

这道完形填空题中同学们错误率最高的一道题目是第6题。此处作者想说明父亲第一次与他平等的进行交流，但是当时他却由于心情太______而没有说出自己想要表达的话。很多同学会选择答案A.nervous，认为那种情境下作者的心情一定是紧张的。但其实我们仔细观察原文的语境，却发现文中没有表达紧张的词语。短文前面提到“Iwantedtosay,‘Thankyou,Dad,fortellingmethat.’”，“Wecouldtalkwitheachother.”，由此可见，作者完全是喜悦兴奋的情绪，与紧张无关。因此本道题同学们如果能够正确应用文章的语境，便可正确解决问题。

（二）

Itissocoldonthatdarkwinterdayin1942.ButitisnodifferentfromanyotherdayinthisNaziconcentrationcamp(纳粹集中营).Iam1dead,livingonfromdaytoday,fromhourtohour,2IwastakenfrommyhomeandbroughtherewithtensofthousandsofotherJews(犹太人).WillIstillbe3tomorrow?

Iwalkbackandforth(来回)nexttothebarbedwirefence(带刺的铁丝网),tryingtokeepmybody4.Iamhungry.Ihavebeenhungryforlong.Eachday,asmoreofusdisappear,thehappy5seemslikeadream,andIsinkdeeperanddeeperintohopelessness.

Suddenly,Inoticeayounggirlwalkingpast6theothersideofthefence.ShestopsandlooksatmewithsadeyesthatseemtosayshecannotunderstandwhyIamhere.Iwanttolookaway,butIcannotmovemyeyesawayfromhers.Thenshereachesintoherpocket,andpullsoutaredapple.Oh,howlonghasitbeensinceIsaw7!Shelooksroundcarefullyandthenwithasmilequicklythrowstheappleoverthefence.Iruntopickitup,holdingitinmyshaking(颤抖)8fingers.Inmyworldofdeaththisappleisasignoflife,oflove.Ilookedupintimetoseethegirldisappearing.

ThenextdayIcannothelpmyself—Iam9atthesametimetothatplacenearthefence.Andagainshecomesandbringsmeanapple.Forsevenmonthswemeetlikethis.OnedayIhearterriblenews:We’rebeingshippedtoanothercamp.

ThenextdaywhenIgreether,myheartis10andIcanhardlyspeakasIsaywhatmustbesaid:“Don’tbringmeanappletomorrow.”Itellher,“Iambeingsenttoanothercamp.”TurningbeforeIloseallmycontrol(控制),Irunawayfromthefence.Icannot11tolookback.

Andthenonedaythewarhasended.Fewofuswhoarestillalivearefreed.Ihave12everything,butIstillhavethememoryofthisgirl.

1.A.al