英语翻译之合译法

英语翻译之合译法英语翻译之合译法英语翻译之合译法xxx公司英语翻译之合译法文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度Chapter5Combination（合译法）Objectives:＊TobeawareofthemajordifferencesbetweenChinesesentencestructuresandEnglishones＊Toknowaboutatranslatingstrategy-Combination＊Tolearnhowtoachievegoodcombination＊TopracticeusingcombinationwhiletranslatingMainContents＊PartIWarm-upExercise＊PartIIIntroductionTranslatingSkill:Combination＊PartIIICombinationinE-CTranslationA.WordsB.PhrasesC.IdiomsandSlangsD.SimpleSentencesE.CompoundSentencesF.ComplexSentences＊PartIVCombinationinC-ETranslation＊PartVExercisesPartIWarm-upExerciseDirections:ReadthefollowingsentencesandtrytoputthemintoChinese.1.Indesigningadvertisementsforothercountries,messagesneedtobeshortandsimple.2.Hewasveryclean.Hismindwasopen.3.Shewentbackhometotakecareofherhusband.Hewasseriouslyill.4.Itsmelledasweet,intensesmelloffruit.5.Whotoldyoutomakesuchafussovernothing?

PartIIIntroductionEnglishandChinesediffergreatlyinsentencestructure.Ifwefollowtheoriginalsentencestructureintranslation,wemayfindithardtoreproducetheoriginalthought.Inadditiontootherwaystodealwiththiscase,wemayrearrangethesentencestructurebyintegratingtwowords,phrases,orsentencesintoasingleexpressionorasimplesentence.Combinationisatechniqueemployedtoachieveconcisenessandcontractednessintranslation.Incombination,wehavetodeterminewhattocombine,howtocombine,whatthesubjectorthepredicateofthenewclauseorsentenceshouldbe,andhowtorearrangevariouspartsoftheoriginalsentence.PartIICombinationinE-CTranslation（合译法在英译汉中的应用）Words（词的合译）Thistechniqueisusedtointegratetwowordsofclosemeaningintooneexpression.Examples:1.Youwillsupplyfinancialpower,andwe’llsupplymanpower.Isn’tthatfairandsquare

译文：你们出钱，我们出人，这难道还不公平吗？2.Hisfatherisamanwhoforgivesandforgets.译文：他的父亲非常宽容。3.Hersonwaswiseandclever,butherdaughterwassillyandfoolish.译文：她的儿子非常聪明，可女儿却很笨。4.Hesufferedachesandpains.译文：他遭受百般疼痛。5.Heisamanofcultureandlearning.译文：他是个很有学问的人。Trytotranslate:1.Hewaskindly,generousandobliging.2.Hewasjealousandenviousofhisbrother.Heresentedthathisyoungerbrotherwassosuccessful.Phrases(固定词组的合译)Examples:Alltheoneswehaveseenherehavefour-starabilitieswithfive-starambitions.译文：我们在此看到的所有人都是些眼高手低之辈。Hethrewonacoatandlefthomeinahurry.译文：他套上一件衣服，匆匆忙忙地离开了家里。Iwasexaminedandre-examined.译文：我受到再三诘问。Kinohurryingtowardshishouse,feltasurgeofexhilaration.译文：基洛加快步伐，兴致勃勃地朝自己家走去。5.Thesoonerhechangeshismind，thebetterforhim.译文：还是越早叫他回心转意越好些。Trytotranslate:1.Helikestomakelengthyspeech.2.It’sobviousthatsheistheonewhostandsoutfromtherest.Idiomsandslangs（习语、谚语和俚语的合译）Examples:Tobemindfulofpersonalgainsandlosses译文：患得患失Tobeonthinice译文：如履薄冰Tobewildwithjoy译文：欣喜若狂Beyondcure译文：不可救药Toblowone’sownhorn译文：自吹自擂Trytotranslate:1.Tocallwhiteblack2.Aseasyasturningoverone’shand3.TofishintroubledwatersD．SimpleSentences（简单句的合译）Examples:1.Hehasbeenillformanyyears.Hediedinlonelinessfinally.译文：他病了很多年。他最终在孤独中死去。（√）他生病多年后孤独的死去。2.Theriverisverywide.Onecannotseetheoppositebank.译文：那条河很宽。一个人看不到对岸。（√）河宽得看不到对岸。3.Hecamebacktohishometown.Hehasleftitforquitemanyyears.译文：他回到了他的故乡。他离开它已经很多年了。（√）他回到了阔别已久的故乡。4.Hewasverystupid.Heevendidn’tknowhowtodothesimplecounting.译文：他很笨。他甚至不懂做简单的算数。（√）他笨得连简单的算数都不会。5.Therearemenherefromalloverthecountry.ManyofthemarefromtheSouth.译文：这里这些人都是从全国各地来的。他们当中很多人是从南方来的。（√）从全国各地来的这些人中有很多是南方人。Trytotranslate:1.Hetookoutamatchandlitthecandle.Alightlitupthedarkness.2.Shewasn’treallylistening.Shewasthinkingaboutsomethingelse.3.Weareallalike.Weallhavefamilies.CompoundSentences（并列复合句的合译）Examples:In1844EnglesmetMarx,andtheybecamefriends.译文：1844年恩格斯遇见马克思，然后他们成为了朋友。（√）1844年恩格斯与马克思相遇并成了朋友。2.TheriverrandowntoPisafromFlorence,andthenitreachedthesea.译文：那条河从佛罗伦萨流到比萨，然后到达大海。（√）那条河从佛罗伦萨流经比萨入海。3.Itwasinmid-August,andtherepairsectionoperatedundertheblazingsun.译文：时间是八月中旬，维修人员在烈日下工作。（√）八月中旬，维修人员在烈日下工作。4.Markwasn’tabletoescapefromthefire.Neitherwerethechildren.译文：马克没能从火里逃生。孩子们也没能逃生。（√）马克和孩子都没能从火里逃生。5.ThePostOfficewashelpful,andMarconiappliedinJune,1896,fortheworld’sfirstradiopatent.译文：邮局提供了帮助，马可尼于1896年6月获得了世界上第一项无线电专利。（√）在邮局的帮助下，马可尼于1896年6月获得了世界上第一项无线电专利。Trytotranslate:1.NeitherhasMarywantedtorentahouse，nordoesherhusband．2.Overworkmaycausephysicaldecline，andtheninsomniamayresult.3.Thetimewashalfpastten,andthetrafficonthestreetwaslight.ComplexSentences（复杂句及主从复合句的合译）Examples:1.Heisnottheonewhowillgiveupeasily.译文：他不是一个轻易服输的人。2.Ourtwocountriesareneighborswhosefriendshipisoflongstanding.译文：我们两国是友谊长存的友好邻邦。3.WhenInegotiate,Igetnervous.WhenIgetnervous,Ieat.译文：我在谈判时总是有些紧张，而我紧张时，就想吃东西。4.Itwasmyliverthatwasoutoforder.译文：我的肝脏出了毛病。5.WhenwepraisetheChineseleadershipandthepeople,wearenotmerelybeingpolite.译文：我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。Trytotranslate:1.Theremanypeoplewhowanttoseethefilm.2.IwaswanderingwhenIsawanoticeoutsideaSundaySchool.3.Thejudgesaiditwasdifficulttocomprehendwhythepoliceactedsointhismatter.PartIVCombinationinC-ETranslationA.汉语短句译为英语复合句Examples:1.对长辈们不能没大没小的。祖父是一家之主，尤其要尊敬。译文：Showrespecttoyourelders,particularlytoyourgrandpa,headofthefamily.2.战士们无所畏惧地奋勇向前。他们的脚步很坚定。译文：Fightersmarchforwardfearlessly，withfirmsteps.3.我爱北京。我特别爱黎明前的北京。译文：IloveBeijing,especiallypredawnBeijing.4.男同学在打篮球。女同学在打乒乓球。译文：Theboysareplayingbasketball,whilethegirlsareplayingpingpang.5.湖中有十来枝荷花。荷花上清水滴滴，荷叶上水珠滚来滚去。译文：Crystaldropsweredrippingfromadozenlotusbudsinthelake,whilebeadsofwaterrolledabouttheleaves.B.汉语复句译为英语单句Examples:1.这位中国女学生说了一声“我是中国人”，就悄悄走开了。译文：Aftersaying“IamfromChina”,theChinesegirlstudentwentawayquietly.2.我还年轻，我还要活下去，我还要征服生活。译文：Beingstillyoung,Iwanttoliveonandconquerlife.3.我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，妈妈是家庭妇女。译文：Myfamilywashardup,withFatherapeddler,Motherahousewife.4.他父亲是二战中的一个杀人凶手，竟当上了这个城市的市长。译文：Herfather,amurdererintheSecondWorldWar,becamethemayorofthecity.Trytotranslate:1.踢足球的，踢足球去了，打篮球的，打篮球去了。2.这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魄力，他们都很喜欢。3.中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。PartVExercisesA.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.（词的合译）1.Isitreallyandtruly2.Shewassurprisedandtakenaback.3.Theroomiscozyandcomfortable.4.Wemustreachourgoalsandaims.5.It’srightandpropertodothis.6.Hewassafeandsoundintheearthquake.7.Thereisahardandfastruleagainstsmokinghere.8.Heisdeadandgone.9.Iamtiredandexhausted.10.Weshouldbeopenandstraightwitheachother.11.Heshookandtrembledwithfear.12.Theyallagreedthatitwasfairandsquaretodoso.13.Thesearewaysandmeansofpropaganda.14.Thefoodisenoughandtospare.15.Ihateallthesehustleandbustle.B.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.（词组、习语的合译）1.他的房间总是乱七八糟。3.他决心洗心革面。3.那时候很多人忍饥挨饿。4他突然说出些惊心动魄的话来。5.他的报告只不过是些陈词滥调。6.别把这当灵丹妙药。7你没必要低三下四。8.他是个粗心大意的家伙。9.这不过是痴心妄想。10.她说话总是轻声细语。11.那幅画令人心动神怡。12.我并没有叫你去为非作歹。13你怎么能忘恩负义呢？14.这里发生了翻天覆地的变化。15.他欢天喜地的回家去了。C.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.（句子的合译）1.Hewouldmissmanythingsandmanypeople.HewouldmissMary.2.Theyoungmanwasverymiserable.Hehadnomoneyabouthim.Allhissavingshadbeenstolen.3.Thedoorwasunlocked.Jennywentinsideandsatdown.Shewasnearcollapse,barelyabletomoveherswollenfeet.4.Sheisverybusyathome.Shehastotakecareofthechildrenandtodothekitchenwork.5.Thisnovelisofnogreatliterarymerit.Itismerelyapot-boiler.6.JulyandAugustarethemonth