人教版英语必修五unit5知识点

人教版英语必修五unit5知识点人教版英语必修五unit5知识点人教版英语必修五unit5知识点资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月人教版英语必修五unit5知识点版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：必修五unit5知识点详解1Aid(v)帮助;援助=helpsb帮助某人去做….aidsbtodo在…事帮助某人aidsbin…Heaidedmeinbusiness.Iaidedhertocontinueherstudy.AtChristmas,manyorganizationsaidthepoor.n

/U/帮助;援助在某人的帮助下withtheaidof为了帮助…inaidofTeachersgivetheirlessonswiththeaidofcomputers.Heraisedmoneyinaidofthesick.

知识拓展：give/offeraid援助

cometosb.'said帮助某人cutoffaid（突然）终止援助

ahearingaid助听器teachingaids教具

medicalaid医疗救护

2.temporary暂时的，临时的temporaryrelieffrompain短暂的解痛temporarywork/solution临时工作/解决办法

3.fallillfall+adj.illasleepawakesicksilent4get+过去分词

表被动或状态Thecomputergotdamagedwhenweweremoving.Mybikeisgettingrepairednow.MyglassesgotbrokenwhileIwasplayingbasketball.PeterandMarygotmarriedlastyear.getdonegetinjured受伤getdressed穿衣服

getdamaged遭到破坏

getchanged改变

getmarried结婚

getinfected被感染

getbroken被弄破

getlost迷失，走失5injurev.

injurytosth.

…（部位）的伤injuriestothelegsgotinjuredinjuryinjuredhurt肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语），疼痛injure意外或事故而受伤wound指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）6.bleed-blood-bloody(v.)

(n.)

(adj.)Hisnosewasbleeding.=Hewas

bleedingatthenose.=Hehasabloodynose.

他在流鼻血。bleedfor为…而流血,悲痛bleedtodeath出血过多而死loseblood流血、失血fleshandblood血肉之躯7.choke

vi.&vt.窒息;阻塞Shechokedwithemotion.

她激动得说不出话来。Thesmokealmostchokedme.烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。Atthebadnews,hecouldn'tchokebackhistear听到这则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。

Themangaveafewchokesandthengothisbreath.那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。8.essentialadj.最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的1)Sunandwaterareessentialtothegrowthofcrops.阳光和水是农作物生长不可缺的。

2)Itisessentialforustosetourstudygoal.我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。3)Itisessentialthatyou(should)winthevoter's

hearts.赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。-----当用it充当主语而用它充当表语时，that从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形。9.Youhavethreelayersofskinwhichactasabarrieragainstdisease,…

actas

作为….barrier屏障,障碍物,隔阂Youshouldshowtheticketatthebarrier.Thelanguagebarrier10poisonn./vt.毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒eg:1)Poisonsmustbeputoutofchildren’sreach.毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。2)Thismatterwillmakesomepoisontothecrops.这种物质会对庄稼造成毒害。3)Booksofthiskindcanmakepoisontochildren.这类书会对儿童造成毒害。

4)Heroinhaspoisonedalotofpeople.海洛因毒害了很多人。5)Thepollutedwaterintheriverpoisonedpeoplehere.污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。-----poisonous

adj.有毒(害)的

eg:Thismedicineispoisonousiftakeninlargetect…against/from…

保护…不受…的损害

prevent…fromdoing

阻止．．．protectyoureyesfromstronglighttoprotectyouagainstcoldpreventthemfromgettingmarriedpreventsb.(from)doingstopsb.(from)doingkeepsb.fromdoing12.sense(n.&v.)fivesenses：senseofsmellsenseofhearingthesixthsensesenseoftouchsenseofsightsenseoftastesenseofhumour、duty、directionThemanhas

nocommonsense.(无常识)Whathesaidmadenosense.(没道理)sense(v.)

感觉到Althoughshedidn’tsayanything,Isensedthatshedidn’tliketheidea.(我感觉到她不喜欢这个主意）

13.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious.该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：Soifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious；从句为：asyoucanimagine.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如……”或“就象……”的意思；它所引的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：Asyoucansee,iftheyarenotproperlyprotected,thefarmlandswillbecomedessertssoonerorlater.正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。asweallknow

=as

isknowntoallas

we

expect

=as

is

expectedaseverybodycanseeasyoucanimagine14.various不同的，各种各样的Therearevariouscolorstochoosefrom.vary

vi1.～(insth)——bedifferentinsize,volume,strength,etc(体积、容积、力量等)呈现不同Opinionsvaryonthispoint.

15.vary

～(withsth);～(fromsthtosth)——change,espaccordingtosomefactor改变,变动,变化（尤指伴随某种因素而产生）Pricesvarywithseasons.物价随季节而变动Hermoodvariedfromoptimismtoextremedepression.她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉variety

n.

变化，多样性，种类Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我们都需要饮食多样化Theshoppingcentersellsavarietyofgoodsavarietyof+名词,谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一致16.depend

on取决于,依赖,依靠,信赖,信任Hiswholefamily

dependsonhim他全家都靠他养活.Heis

a

man

tobedepended

on他是个可以信赖的人dependent

(adj.)dependence(

n.

)independent(adj.)independence(n.)17.mild-milder-mildest-mildlyExamplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbytouchingahotpan,stoveorironforad在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。如：Edwardsufferedfromamildheartattack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。

mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的”如：She’sthemildestpersonIhaveevermetinmylife.她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了amildclimate温暖的天气mildcheese淡味奶酪

18.词语辨析:electric电的,发电的,由电产生的,用于导电的.electrical有关电的,与电有关的.electricity电,电力.电力学electricgenerator发电机,

electriccooker电炉,electriciron电熨斗,

electricengineer

电机工程师19.swell

vt./vi.Swellswelled/

swelledswollen使膨胀，使(力量，数目等)增长，使壮大，Thewindswelledthesails.风使船帆鼓起。Hisinjuredwristbegantoswell(up).他那受伤的手腕开始肿起。Herfaceswelledupwithtoothche.Thewindswelledintoastorm.

风力渐增，终于形成一场暴风雨。asmallbusinessswelledintoabigcompany.壮大4)Neverswellwithpridewhenyoumakesomecontributions.

有了贡献不要沾沾自喜。swellwithpride/anger得意洋洋、怒气冲冲Thedoctorexaminedtheswellingonmyback.swollen

adj.肿胀的Hiseyelidisswollen.

他眼皮肿了。20.sticksticksth.tosth.

粘住Stickthegluetomyfingers.sticktodoingsthstickto坚持sticktoone’sview坚持自己的观点21.jewellery=jewelry

珠宝(总称)不可数jewel

可数，珠宝，珍视的人、物jeweljewelleryjewelsSheappearedatthereceptionwearingherfinestjewels.Shelockedherjewelsinthejewellerybox.22.Coolburnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticywater.立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水-y是个形容词后缀。如：windy有风

hilly多小山的

sleepy困倦的

greeny略呈绿色的

spicy辛辣的

woody树木茂密的23.unbearable不能忍受的un—不能….,无法….unforgettableunwillingunusualuncertainunfairunfitunbelievableunfortunateunlikeuncomfortable24.squeeze挤；压；塞osth.把……塞进

squeezesth.from/outofsth.

挤出squeezethrough挤过squeezesth.outofsb.

敲诈逼某人说出Isqueezedmyselfontothecrowdedtrain.Hesqueezedeverythingintoasuitcase.ShewatchedhergrandmasqueezethejuiceoutofalemonattentivelyAlthoughIambusy,Istillcansqueezeyouinat10o’clock

Thoseblackmailersintendedtosqueezemore

moneyoutofhim.那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多钱。I’llnevergiveintoyou,andyoucansqueezenothingoutofmeThelittleboyissqueezingthetoothpastefromthetubeontothetoothbrush25.overandoveragainListsomephrasesorwordsthathavesimilarmeaningoverandoveragainandagainoverandagainmanytimesrepeatedlyfromtimetotimenowandthennowandagainSometimesAttimes26.Holdthebandageinplacewithtape.用胶布把绷带固定。inplace在适当的地方。如：Thelibrarianputthereturnedbooksinplace.图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。You’dbetterputthingsbackinplace.你最好把你的东西放回原位。Herdresswasoutofplaceattheceremony.（不得体,不适当）inplace还有“准备就绪”的意思。如：ThearrangementsfortheconcertnextSaturdayareallinplace.周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。Witheverythinginplace,shestartedtheslideshow.27.Pour

1.倒,灌,注Shepouredherselfanothercupoftea.她为自己又倒了一杯茶。2.倾注;大量投入;大量生产

Theyhavepouredmoneyintothetouristindustry.他们已经把大笔钱投入了旅游业。3倾吐,诉说Sheoftenpourshertroublestofriends.她经常向朋友们倾诉自己的苦恼。不及物动词vi.

1.倾泻,涌流Thecrowdpouredoutoftheconcerthall.人群从音乐厅涌出来。

SweatpouredfromMartin'sface.马丁脸上汗如雨下。2.斟茶

ShallIpour我来斟茶好吗

3(雨)倾盆而降(+down)

Therainpouredsteadilydown.大雨不停地倾盆而下。Pourcoldwateron/over对…泼冷水Pouroilontheflames火上浇油Pouroilontroubledwaters平息风波Reading21award,reward,prizeaward指正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予。如：Theschoolprincipalawardedaprizeinhistorytothebeststudent.学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。reward“报答，报偿，奖赏”，表示由于做了某事而应该得到的东西。如：Thefiremanreceivedarewardforsavingthechild'slife.因救了小孩的命，消防员提到一笔奖金。prize“奖赏，奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。如：Hundredsofprizescanbewoninournewspapercompetition.参加我们报纸的竞赛可以赢得数以百计的奖品。2.Honorn.(U)荣誉，尊敬;名誉It’sapointofhonorwithmetoreplyallmydebtspromptly.引以为荣的人/事，只用单数。Thesuccessfullaunchofthe“ShenzhouVI”isanhonortoourcountry.dosbanhonor/thehonor（ofdoingsth）使某人有特殊的荣幸,赏光Willyoudomethehonorofdiningwithme可否赏光和我一起吃饭

insb’s/sth’shonor

出于对…的敬意WeareplanningabigChristmaspartyinyourhonor.我们正筹备为你举行一次盛大的圣诞晚会。inhonorof…，为纪念…，为庆祝…Amonumentwasbuiltinhonoroftheheroeswhogaveuptheirlivesduringthewar.为了纪念在战争中献身的英雄们，建立了一座纪念碑。

v.给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）1honorsb/sth（withsth）ThePresidenthonoreduswithapersonalvisit.2

behonoredfor…因…而受到尊敬

DrBethunewashonoredforhisselflesswork.白求恩大夫由于他无私的工作而受到赞誉。3be/feelhonoredthat…很荣幸能做…Iamhonoredthatyoushouldnoticeme.我很荣幸您能注意到我。

4be/feelhonoredtodo很荣幸能做…。Iamhonoredtobeherewithyou.能和你在这里我感到很荣幸。anhonoredguest

贵宾3present

v.Joanwaspresentedwithhisawardataceremonywhichrecognizedthebraveryofthelifeofanother.赠送present+sth.+to+sb.

把某物送给某人present+sb.+withsth.赠送某人某物2.——introduce(sb)formally正式介绍

Shepresentedherboyfriendtous.她把男朋友介绍给我们。3.——show显示,呈现～asmilingface显出一张笑脸4.描述Thecharactersinthenovelarevividly～ed.小说中人物被描写得很生动adj.作前置定语,“目前的,现在的”

作后置定语,“出席的,在场的thepresentmembersthememberspresent

n.——gift礼物相关短语：thepresentday

今天(=today)

atpresent／atthepresenttime＝now现在forthepresent

暂时

thepresent

现在(相当于名词)bepresentat

出席;到场

4).ceremonyn.(C)典礼；仪式

(U)礼节；礼仪；客套

Theweddingceremonywasbeautiful.Thereisnoneedforceremonybetweenus.Expressions:standonceremony拘泥礼节；讲究客套withceremony正式；隆重withoutceremony不拘礼节地；随便地Theheadofstatewaswelcomedwithfullceremony.人们以最高规格的仪式欢迎国家首脑。5).Johnwasstudyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.此句型中when作并列连词相当于andthen意为”正当……时突然”,常用于以下句型：bedoing…when…

正在做……突然beabouttodo…when…

即将做……突然beonthepointtodo…when…正要去做…..突然has/have/haddone…when…刚刚……这时(突然)6cutone'sfinger割破手指haveone'shaircut理发cutexpenses减少费用cutaclass逃学Wasyoursalarycut你的薪水减少了吗

习惯用语：becutoutfor有做某事的天赋;适合于;与...相配合

shortcut捷径,近路(一般和make,take连用;有时用作定语)

drawcuts抽签

cutabout乱切,乱砍乱跑cutat向...砍去猛打毁掉

cutaway切除,剪掉匆匆跑掉

cutback(on)减少;剪短;倒叙;缩减;中断;cutdown削减,压缩砍倒使丧命比...强;使...逊色

cutin插进来说,插嘴夹进来,夹塞干预超车cutinto插进来,参加(谈话),打断(别人的话);减少,缩减;切开;侵犯(利益)

cutoff切断,停掉隔绝,挡住死掉使电话中断切[剪]下来剥夺(继承权)

cutout删掉停止

(机器)失灵

7.anumberof+可数名词，谓语用复数，意为“许多，大量的......”，thenumberof+可数名词，谓语用单数，意为“......的数量”eg:1)Anumberofproblemshavearisen.已经出现了很多问题。2)Thenumberofcollegeshasincreasedinthepast10years.在过去的十年里，大学的数量有所增加。

-----其他表示“许多，大量”的短语：agreat/goodmany

alarge/great/good/smallnumberof

+可数名词agoodfew/quiteafewmanya

muchagreat/gooddealof

agreat/largeamountof

+不可数名词quitealittlealotof/lotsof

agreat/largequanitityof

+可数或不可数名词largequanititiesofplentyof8.putone'shandson

找到

eg:Fewofthestudentshaveputtheirhandsonthe

materialsfortheircompositions.

没有几个学生找到适合他们作文的素材。9.treatvt.1)对待；看待，把...看作：treatsb.badly虐待某人treatsb.asdistinguishedguest把某人待为上宾treatsb.withconsideration对待某人很体贴Donottreatthisseriousmatterasajoke.2)讨论；探讨；详述；（文学，艺术作品中）描绘，描述；表现：Hetreatsthissubjectthoroughlyinhisbook.他在书中详尽透彻地讨论了这个问题。3)医治，治疗：treatsb.forinfluenza给某人医治流行感冒treatsb’stoothache

治疗某人的牙痛4)款待，请客(to):treatsb.toanice-cream(atheatre)请某人吃冰激凌（看戏）I‘lltreatmyselftoasunbath.我要好好地享受一次日光浴。Let’sgooutfordinner-----mytreatthistime.这次由我请客。10.applyVt.涂,敷;应用;适用Application—applicant---applicance--applicable1)涂,敷她在脸上浓妆艳抹Sheappliedheavymakeuptoherface.2)我们应该把理论应用于实践。Weshouldapplytheorytopractice.Thisrulecannotbeappliedtoeverycase.vi.申请applytosbforsthapplyforajob申请就业Applyforascholarship申请奖学金applytodosth

申请做某事TheyappliedtoreturntoChina.3)适用Schoolregulationsapplytoeverystudent.校规适用于每位学生。Thisrulecannotapplytoeverycase.这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。applyoneself/sthtosth使致力(于),使专心从事HeappliedhimselftolearningFrench.他致力于学习法语。专心于，致力于:BuryoneselfinAbsorboneselfinInvolveoneselfin

loseoneselfincommitoneselfto

devoteoneselftokeepone’smindon11.ThereisnodoubtthatJohn'squickthink