初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案

初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

Tomisagoodstudent.汤姆是个好学生。

Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。

Myfamilyishavinglunchnow.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Myfamilyhasmovedthreetimes.我们家搬过3次。

3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如：

Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.

不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。二、主谓一致常考题型

1.单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。

ThedeskisTom’s.这张桌子是汤姆的。

Somewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。

Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.

这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2.manya+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。

ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai.

许多学生到过上海。

3.morethanone+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。

MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4.表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：

Twomonthsisalongholiday.两个月是一个长假。

Twentypoundsisn’tsoheavy.20英镑并不太重。

Tenmilesisn’talongdistance.10英里并不是一段很长的距离。Fiveminusfourisone.5减4等于1。但是，如果时间，距离，价格，度量衡的服饰名词与pass,goby,waste,use,spend等词连用时，谓语动词用复数，如：FiveyearshaspassedsinceIjoinedtheParty.我入党5年了。5.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。

Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每个男人和女人都在工作。

6.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一个半小时足够了。

7.一个动词不定式，动名词，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。

Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。两个动词不定式，动名词，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Whathesaysandwhathedoesdonotagree.他言行不一。Swimminginsummerandskatinginwinterarehisgreatpleasure.夏游泳，冬滑雪是他最大的乐趣。8.a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语，谓语动词用单数。Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一两个学生考试不及格。比较：oneortwo+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用用复数。Oneortwostudentswereplantingtreesyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午有一两个学生在种树。

9.当主语部分含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,asmuchas,including,besides,except,but,inadditionto，like,ratherthan等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由句首主语来决定，在这样的句子里，这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单复数形式，它们在句子中其实是状语。MikewithhisparentshasbeentoEngland.迈克同他的父母去过英格兰。Mike'sparentswithMikehasbeentoEngland.迈克父母同迈克去过英格兰。10.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但是（1）如果and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这时，名词虽由and连接，但只有一个限定词：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物，两个限定词：a/the+单数名词+anda/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。

Thewriterandteacheriscoming.

那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)

Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)两个单数名词用and连接表示不可分割的整体做主语时，位于用单数，如：Breadandbutteristheirdailyfood.面包和黄油是他们的日常食物。这类词常见有：warandpeaceironandsteeltruthandhonestyaknifeandfork（3）在each...andeach,every...andevery,no...andno,manya...andmanya等and链接并列单数主语的结构中，谓语动词用单数。Everymanandeverywomanhaswork.每个男人和女人都有工作。Nosoundandnovoiceisheardforalongwhile.很长时间没有听到一点儿声音。11.people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。

Peoplehereareveryfriendly.这儿的人很友好。

Hisfamilyisn’tlarge.他家的人不多。

MyfamilyalllikewatchingTV.我们一家人都喜欢看电视。12.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,

noone,

nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Iseveryoneheretoday.

今天大家到齐了吗？

Somethingiswrongwithhim.他有毛病。

Nobodywasin.没有人在家。

13.each,

either,

neither,

another,

theother作主语，谓语动词用单数。

EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。

Neitheransweriscorrect.两个答案都不正确。

14.以—s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等，

Nonewsisgoodnews.没有消息就是好消息。

Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我们班数学很受欢迎。

15.由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or,

either…or…，neither…nor…,

notonly…butalso…,

not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。EithermywifeorIamgoing.

Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.

Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.

如果either,each,neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。

Eachofushashislikesanddislikes.

Neitherofthebooksisveryinteresting.

16.如果主语是由“aseriesof,akindof,aportionof等+名词”构成时，动词一般用单数形式。

Aseriesofpre-recordedtapshasbeenpreparedforlanguagelaboratoryuse.

但avarietyof,

anumberof,agroupof+名词复数，动词要用复数形式;而thenumberof/thevarietyof+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Onexhibitionthereareagreatvarietyofconsumergoods.

Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred17.以here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。

Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk.

Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.18.the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.

Thebeautifullivesforever.

美是永存的。

oneandahalf+复数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式Oneandahalfbananasisleftontable.桌子上还有一根半香蕉。what引导的主语从句，当它表示复数意义时，位于动词用复数。Whathewantedaresomebooks.他想要的只是几本书。两个形容词共同修饰一个单数名词，若两个形容词都带有冠词，作主语时，谓语用复数；若只有一个冠词是，表示一个人或物，谓语动词用单数。Theredandthewhitecoataremine.Theblackandwhitecowismine.由两部分构成的物体：shoes，glasses，trousers，gloves，scissors等复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。Hisblacktrousersaretoolong.他的那条黑色裤子太长了。但是，若这类名词与apair连用时，谓语动词一般用单数。Thereisapairofglassesonyourbed.你的床上有衣服眼镜。akindof，thiskindof,manykindsof+名词和名词+ofthiskind以及由kind意思相似的type,sort等构成的的类似的短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前面的名词保持一致，如：Anewtypeofmachineisonsalenow.MachinesofthisnewtypearemadeinZhejiang.Thiskindofapplesishighlypriced.注意：如果种类不是一种而是多种，谓语动词应为复数。Therearemanykindsofpearsinshops.主语由肯定及否定两部分构成时，谓语和肯定部分一致。NotyoubutIamtoanswerforit.三、肯定与否定一致

下列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化。

We'vehadsome(money).→Wehaven'thadany(money).

Iwastalkingtosomeone.→Iwasn'ttalkingtoanyone.

Theysometimesvisitus.→Theyrarely(never,seldom)visitus.

Hehasarrivedalready.→Hehasn'tarrivedyet.

Liiscomingtoo.→Liisn'tcomingeither.

Bothofusaregoing.→Neitherofusisgoing.

Helikesbothofthem.→Hedoesn'tlikeeitherofthem.

注意：so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。

MywifelikesclassicmusicverymuchandsodoI.

Shedoesn'tlikejazzandneitherdoI.主谓一致专项练习题1.EitherJaneorSteven_____watchingTVnow.

A.were

B.is

C.was

D.are2.Twodays_______enoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.

A.isn’t

B.is

C.aren’t

D.are

3.—Howmanylessonsdoyouusuallyhaveaday

—Sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthen_____45minutes.

A.last

B.lasts

C.have

D.are

4.NeitherLiPingnorI_______abasketballplayer.

A.am

B.is

C.be

D.are

5.There______manynewwordsinlessonone,Itisveryeasy.

A.is

B.aren’t

C.isn’t

D.are

6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool____1200.

A.is

B.are

C.has

D.have

7.Maths_______myfavoritesubject.

A.be

B.is

C.am

D.are8.Theboywiththetwodogs_____whentheearthquakerockedthecity.

A.weresleeping

B.issleeping

C.wassleeping

D.aresleeping

9.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.

A.are

B.is

C.were

D.was

10.Thatplaceisnotinterestingatall,____ofuswantstogothere.

A.Neither

B.Both

C.All

D.Some

11.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.

A.know

B.knows

C.haveknow

D.is

12.—What’sontheplateSomeeggsandcakesonit

—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

13.Thispairofglasses______mine.

A.are

B.be

C.is

D.willbe

14.BothLilyandLucy______tothepartyyesterday.

A.invited

B.wasinvited

C.hadinvited

D.wereinvited15.—Twomonths______quitealongtime.

—Yes,I’mafraidthathewillmisslotsofhislessons.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

16.Inthecitytheold_______.

A.takegoodcareof

B.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakengoodcareof

D.arebeentakengoodcareof

17.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly,Hisfamily______ahappyone.

A.are,is

B.is,is

C.are,are

D.is,are

18.Thesingerandthedancer_____cometoBeijing.

A.has

B.have

C.are

D.is

19.Thechildreninthisclasseach_____newschoolbag.

A.have

B.has

C.hasgot

D.arehaving

20.Allbutone_____herejustnow.

A.is

B.was

C.hasbeen

D.were

21.IfBob'swifewon'tagreetogoonholidayinwinter,_____________.

A.neitherhewill

B.neitherwon'the

C.neitherwillhe

D.hewon'tneither22.Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.______________.

A.sohashe

B.Neitherhehas

C.Hehastoo

D.Hehasn'teither

23.“I'mgoingtovisittheLuGouBridgetomorrow.”“________.”

A.Iamso

B.SoamI

C.SogoI

D.SoIgo

24.Youaswellashe________toblame(责备)fortheaccident(交通事故).

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.has

25.NeithermywifenorImyself_______abletoteachmydaughtertosingEnglishsongs.

A.hasbeen

B.is

C.are

D.am

主谓一致练习题参考答案(1).B

(2).A

(3).B

(4).A

(5).B

(6).A

(7).B

(8).C

(9).D

(10).A

(11).B

(12).B

(13).C

(14)D.(15).A

(16).B

(17).A

(18).B

(19).A

(20)D

(21).C

(22).D

(23).B

(24).A

(25).D主谓一致练习题2Ⅰ.从所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

(

)1.Collectingstamps_____myhobby.

A.is

B.are

C.has

D.have

(

)2.Theladywithherlittleson_____walkingalongthelakenow.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

(

)3.Bothofthetwingirls_____wearingredclothestoday.

A.is

B.are

C.want

D.wants

(

)4.Eachofthestudents_____aWalkman.

A.have

B.has

C.thereis

D.thereare

(

)5.Allofmymoney_____stolenlastnight.

A.is

B.was

C.has

D.have

(

)6.Thepolice_____fortherobbersnow.

A.issearching

B.aresearching

C.issearched

D.aresearched

(

)7.Halfofthestudents_____fromabroad.

A.is

B.are

C.comes

D.hascome

(

)8.Twokilometers_____alongway.You’dbettertakeataxi.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

(

)9.Mostofthecountry_____grassland.

A.thereare

B.thereis

C.are

D.is

(

)10.WhatIhavetoldyou_____asecret.Pleasedon’ttellothers.

A.are

B.is

C.keep

D.keeps

(

)11.Notonlyyoubutalsohe_____theexam.

A.waspassed

B.haspassed

C.hadpassed

D.ispassed

(

)12.Thispairofglasses_____mewell.

A.fit

B.fits

C.havefitted

D.isfitted

(

)13.Physics_____acoursethateverystudentmusttake.

A.have

B.has

C.is

D.are

(

)14.Who_____thetwowomentalkingoverthere?

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.be

(

)15.Everyboyandeverygirl_____innewclothestoday.

A.is

B.are

C.wear

D.dresses

(

)16.Chinese_____bythelargestnumberofpeople.

A.isspeaking

B.speak

C.speaks

D.isspoken(

)17.Alettersentbetweencomputers_____calledane-mail.

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.has

(

)18.Thepopulationofthistown_____300,000.

A.are

B.is

C.have

D.has

(

)19.—What_____thenumberoftheworkersinthefactory?

—Twothousand.Andalargenumberofthem_____women.

A.is;is

B.is;are

C.are;is

D.are;are

(

)20.—_____thispairofshoesyours?

—No.Myshoes_____underthebed.

A.Is;is

B.Are;are

C.Is;are

D.Are;is

(

)21.Inthecitytheold_____.

A.takegoodcareof

B.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakengoodcareof

D.takesgoodcareof

(

)22.TheGreens_____gettingreadyfortheirjourney.

A.is

B.prepare

C.prepares

D.are(

)23.Themusicianandwriter_____tovisitourschool.

A.iscoming

B.arecoming

C.enjoys

D.enjoy

(

)24.Noneofthemoney_____his.

A.belongto

B.are

C.is

D.has

(

)25.—DoyoulikewatchingcookingprogrammesonTV?

—No,Idon’t,butmytwinbrother_____.He’sveryfondofcooking.

A.does

B.do

C.is

D.are

(

)26.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.

A.are

B.is

C.were

D.was

(

)27.We’vegottwoTVsets,but_____workswell.

A.any

B.both

C.either

D.neither

(

)28.Theheadmasteraswellasalltheteachers_____.

A.arehavingameeting

B.havegonetothemuseum

C.isplantingtreesonthehill

D.feelveryexcitedabouttheprize

(

)29.Twofifthsofthem_____YoungPioneers.

A.is

B.are

C.jointo

D.joins(

)30.Themusictheyplayed_____verywonderful.

A.is

B.sound

C.are

D.listens

(

)31._____you_____heisabletoski,butIam.

A.Both;and

B.Notonly;butalso

C.Either;or

D.Neither;nor

(

)32.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily_____ahappyone.

A.are;is

B.is;is

C.are;are

D.is;are

(

)33.—Doyouneedmoretimetofinishthework

—Yes,anothertendays_____enough.

A.are

B.is

C.were

D.was

(

)34.Howtimeflies!Tenyears_____passed.

A.have

B.has

C.is

D.are

(

)35.Thispairofjeans_____Tina’s.

A.are

B.is

C.be

D.am

(

)36.—Howmanyclassesdoyouusuallyhaveaday?

—Sixclassesaday.Andeachofthem_____45minutes.

A.last

B.lasts

C.have

D.are

(

)37.NeitherLiMingnorI_____abasketballplayer.

A.am

B.is

C.belongto

D.belongsto(

)38.There_____manynewwordsinlessonone.Itisveryeasy.

A.is

B.aren’t

C.isn’t

D.are

(

)39.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.

A.know

B.knows

C.don’tknow

D.haveknown

(

)40.—What’sontheplate?

—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

(

)41.Allbutone_____herejustnow.

A.is

B.was

C.hasbeen

D.were

(

)42.Neithertheteachernorthestudents_____intheclassroomatthatmoment.

A.were

B.was

C.weren’t

D.wasn’t

(

)43.There_____enoughfoodinthefridge.Youhavetobuysomeonyourwayhome.

A.isn’t

B.is

C.are

D.aren’t

(

)44.Sheistheonlyoneofthe_____writerswho_____storiesforchildren.

A.woman