中考英语语法复习课件-非谓语动词巧学妙记

非谓语动词中考英语语法复习非谓语动词中考英语语法复习热身练习1()1.WeallfoundMikeagoodforeigner_____.

A.toworkB.toworkwithC.workingwithD.workwith()2.Mysisterisinterestedin_______inherfreetime.

A.watchTVB.readingbooks

C.listeningmusicD.playsbasketball()3.Letme______you_______theflowers.

A.tohelp,towaterB.help,help

C.tohelp,helpingD.helping,helping()4.Isawhim_______intothesmallstore.

A.wentB.goingC.togoD.hasgone()5.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman____afterdrinking.

A.nevertodrive

B.toneverdrive

C.neverdriving

D.neverdriveBBBBA热身练习1()1.Weallfound()6.Weareinterestedin_________toswim.

A.studyB.studyingC.learnD.learning()7.Mygrandfatherwants_____aroundtheworldbecauseheenjoys_____newplaces.

A.traveling,seeingB.totravel,tosee

C.totravel,seeingD.traveling,tosee()8.Jackgivesmeapieceofpaper___.

A.towrite

B.towriteon

C.towriteat

D.towritein()9.Let’smakeafire_____ourselvesup.

A.towarmB.warmingC.warmD.warmed()10.WhenIwaswalkinginthefield,Isawaplane______overmyhead.

A.flewB.fliesC.flyingD.fling热身练习2BBBCC()6.Weareinterestedi热身练习3()11.

We’veneverseenMartin____sowellbefore.

A.islookedB.islookingC.tolookD.look()12.Hehasdecided______becausesmokingisbadforhishealth.

A.tostoptosmoke

B.tostopsmoking

C.stoppingsmoking

D.stoptosmoke()13Itiskind___metocarrythesebooks.

A.ofyouhelping

B.foryoutohelp

C.ofyoutohelp

D.foryouhelping()14—Wouldyoulike______somebreadorbiscuits?

—Nothanks.Idon’tfeellike______anythingnow.

A.tohave,eating

B.tohave,toeat

C.having,toeat

D.having,eating()15.—Doyourememberme,Tom?

—Ah,yes,Iremembered____youinJUSCOlastyear.

A.see

B.sees

C.tosee

D.seeingDBCAD热身练习3()11.We’venevers非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词它不受人称和数的限制非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing分词（现在分词和过去分词）非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形句子成分动词形式主语定语宾语宾语补足语状语表语(not)todo(not)done

××

(not)diong

非谓语动词在句中作的成分句子成分宾语补(not)todoI.动词不定式和动名词作主语的异同I.动词不定式和动名词作主语的异同Ⅰ.动名词和不定式作主语的相同点

1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数；为了保持句子的平衡，常用it来做形式主语。eg:(1)TolearnEnglishwellnisnoteasy.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.(2)Askinghimforhelpisnouse.Itisnouseaskinghimforhelp.

2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性。eg:(1)Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.(2)ItisbettertostayhomethantogooutⅠ.动名词和不定式作主语的相同点1.不定式短语和动名词做主Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作；动名词表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念。eg:(1)Walking

isagoodformofexercisefortheold.(2)Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch．2.动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的，表一种将来含义。eg:(1)Climbingmountainsisinteresting．(2)Ourtaskistofinishplantingthesetreesinhalfanhour.3.不定式可以和when,where,how,what,whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语；动名词可以与when,while连用，在句中作时间状语。eg:(1)Whattodonextisuptoyou.(2)Inthemorning,whilerunningontheplaygroung,Ifelldown.Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点1.不定式做主语常表示具即时练习()1.

isprohibited(禁止)here．Lookatthesign.A.SmokingB.SmokeC.TosmokeD.Smoked()2.______thetaskwilltakealongtime.A.FinishB.FinishingC.TofinishD.Finished()3.______upearlyisagoodhabit.It'sgoodforyourhealth.A.GetB.TogetC.GettingD.Got()4.Doingmorningexercises______verygoodforyourhealth.A.areB.isC.beD.were()5.________goodabookismuchbetterthan_______abadTV.A.Reading,watchingB.Read,watchC.Reading,towatchD.Toread,watchingACCBA即时练习()1.II.动词不定式过去分词

现在分词动名词作定语的区别II.动词不定式过去分词

现在分词动名词作定语的区别动词不定式作定语不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后,与被修饰词之间表示以下关系:(1)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,若是不及物动词,则需加介词；(2)表示将来的含义,(3)动词不定式短语，如：thebestwaytolearnEnglish,等，不存在动宾关系。eg:1.Willyoufindmeapentowritewith?2.Heisalwaysthefirsttocometoschool.3.Ihavenoroomtolivein.4.Thereisnothingformetoworryabout.5.Wehavealotofthingstodo.动词不定式作定语不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之动名词作定语动名词作定语只放在名词前，说明该名词的性能或用途，不表动作，被修饰的名词与动名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系。eg:1.Somedrinkingwaterhasbeenpoluted.2.Therearelotsofsleepingcarsonthetrain.3.Iboughtapairofclimbingshoesyesterday.4.Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.5.running

shoes=shoesforrunning

6.aworking

method=amethodofworking7.areading

room

=aroomwhichisusedforreading

8.readingmaterials=thematerialswhichisusedforreading,

动名词作定语动名词作定语只放在名词前，说明该名词的性能或用途现在分词作定语与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,单个分词作定语常置于被修饰词之前,与,分词短语作定语常置于被修饰词之后。eg:1.Listentothesingingbird.2.Whoistheboyrunningtowardsus?3.Tellthechildrenplayingtherenottomakesomuchnoise.4.Thehousestanding

atthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin1955.5.Therearesomeplayingbasketballontheplayground.现在分词作定语与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,单个分词过去分词作定语与现在分词一样，单个词常放于被修饰词前，短语则放于后，与被修饰词之间存在被动或完成的含义。eg:1.TheboynamedTomwashurtinthecaraccident.2.Isthereanythingplannedfortomorrow?3.Ihavefoundthebooklostbyme.4.HaveyoureadthenovelswrittenbyLuxun?5.TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.6.Thecupbrokenbymybrotherismine.过去分词作定语与现在分词一样，单个词常放于被修饰词前，短语则即时练习()1.Ihavealotofthings_____thisweekend.A.doB.didC.doingD.todo()2.I’mthirsty.Willyougetmesomething____?A.drinkB.todrinkC.eatD.eating()3.Thereisa_____boyinthe_______car.A.sleeping,sleepingB.slept,sleptC.sleeping,sleptD.slept,sleeping()4.Thefirsttextbook___forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havewrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written()5.What'sthelanguage____inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeakDBADB即时练习()1.IhavealotoIII.动词不定式与动名词作宾语III.动词不定式与动名词作宾语动词不定式作宾语一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。不敢拒绝两决定，学会准备想答应。迫不及待来同意，设法尽力能干起。

只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：动词不定式作宾语一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。只能接不一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。

expecttodosth.期盼做某事

wish/hopetodosth.希望做某事

plantodosth.计划做某事

failtodosth.失败做某事

pretendtodosth.假装做某事一个期盼两希望，计划失败不假装。expecttodo

不敢拒绝两决定，学会准备想答应。(not)daretodosth

迫不及待地要做某事refusetodosth下决心做某事decide/makeadecisiontodosth决定做某事learntodosth

学会做某事prepair/getreadytodosth准备做某事want/wouldliketodosth想做某事promisetodosth答应，承诺做某事不敢拒绝两决定，学会准备想答应。(not)dareto迫不及待来同意，尽力设法能干起。can'twaittodosth迫不及待做某事agreetodosth同意做某事try/doone'sbesttodosth竭尽全力做某事managetodosth设法做某事can/can'taffordtodosth能/不能干起某事迫不及待来同意，尽力设法能干起。can'twaitto只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：只跟动名-ing，禁止避免要允许。完成练习值得忙，考虑建议不禁想。继续习惯别放弃，喜欢思念要介意。动名词作宾语只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：只跟动名-ing，只跟动名-ing，禁止避免要允许

forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事avoiddoingsth.避免做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事

只跟动名-ing，禁止避免要允许forbiddoi完成练习值得忙，考虑建议不禁想finishdoingsth完成做某事practicedoingsth练习某事beworthdoingsth值得某事bebusydoingsth忙于某事considerdoingsth考虑某事suggestdoingsth建议某事can'thelpdoingsth情不自禁某事feellikedoingsth想做某事完成练习值得忙，考虑建议不禁想finishdoingst继续习惯别放弃，喜欢思念要介意keep(on)doingsth继续做某事getusedtodoingsth习惯做某事giveupdoingsth放弃做某事enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事missdoingsth思念做某事minddoingsth介意做某事继续习惯别放弃，喜欢思念要介意keep(on)doing

begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣insistondoing坚持做某事beusedfordoingsth.被用来做某事thanksb.fordoingsth.谢谢某人做某事betiredofdoingsth.厌烦做某事beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事介词+doing1

begoodatdoingsthputoffdoingsth推迟做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事withoutdoingsth.没有做某事thinkaboutdoingsth.考虑做某事What∕Howaboutdoing做某事怎么样?介词+doing2

putoffdoingsth

介词to而非不定式to

lookforwardtodoingsth.（盼望）payattentiontodoingsth.（注意）beusedtodoingsth.

（习惯于）preferdoingsthtodoingsth.

（更喜欢）makeacontributiontodoing（做贡献）

介词to而非不定式to

lookforwardto特殊词:即可用不定式，也可用动名词作宾语各类动词tododoingremember/forget(do在后)要做（do在前）做过stop/goon(两个字)两件事（一个字）一件事like/hate/love一次性长期try尽力做尝试做need主语做这件事主语承受这个动作start/begin心里活动，进行时其它一般一样regret对要做的事遗憾对做过的事遗憾、后悔mean打算，有意要…意味着特殊词:即可用不定式，也可用动名词作宾语各类动词todoforgettodo忘记要去做某事，forgetdoing忘记做过某事。Eg：办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）Heforgotturningthelightoff.

forgetdoing/todo

rememberdoing/todoremembertodo记得去做某事rememberdoing记得做过某事记着放学后去趟邮局。Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.你不记得以前见过那个人吗?Don'tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?forgettodo忘记要去做某事，forgetdostopdoing/todostoptodo停下来去做另一件事，stopdoing停止正在做的某事。Eg:1.他们停下来吸烟。Theystoptosmoke.2.我必须戒烟了Imuststopsmoking.goondoing/todogoontodo做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，goondoing继续做原来做的事。Eg：1.做完数学后，他接着去做物理。Afterhehadfinishedhismaths，hewentontodohisphysics.2.做完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习Goondoingotherexercisesafteryouhavefinishedthisone.stopdoing/todostoptodo停下来like,hate,lovedoing/todosth1.likedoingsth表示一种爱好，可能持续。如：Helikescookinginhishouse.他喜欢在家里做饭。liketodosth表示想要，欲做某事用,一次性动作。如：Shelikestostaywithus.她想和我们带一块儿。2.lovedoing/todosth与likedoing/todosth类似，程度比like大。3.hatedoing/todo类似于liketodo和likedoing的用法.如.Ilikeswimming.ButIhatetoswimnow.like,hate,lovedoing/todosthtrytodosth/doingsth1.trytodosth.设法做某事，尽力做某事如：Hetriedtofinishtheworkaheadoftime.他设法提前完成这件工作。2.trydoingsth试着做某事，试验做某事如：-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-我通常乘火车去那儿。-Whynottrygoingbyboatforachange?-为什么不换乘船呢?trytodosth/doingsth1.trneedtodosth/doing1.needtodosth“需要做某事”，句子的主语和need后的动词为逻辑上的主谓关系。如:Iamtired.Ineedtohavearest.我累了。我需要休息一下。（主语I和have存在主谓关系）2.needdoing“需要做”，句子的主语与need后的动词有逻辑上的被动关系，这是主动形式，表示被动意义，相当于一个被动的不定式needtobedone。如：Thewindowsneedwashing(=Thewindowsneedtobewashed).这些窗户需要擦洗了。(wash和thewindows存在被动关系）needtodosth/doing1.needstart/begintodo/doingsth1.begin和start同义，可以互换，后面跟todo和doing差别也不大。2.不同点：1）谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.eg:Howoldwereyouwhenyoufirststartedplayingthepiano?2）begin,start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式todoeg:Iwasbeginningtogetangryatthattime。3）与表示心理状态的词连用：begintorealize/know/understand.4)物作主语时,常用begintodostheg:Itbegantorain.start/begintodo/doingsth1.regrettodosth

regretdoingsthregretdoingsth遗憾或后悔做过某事（事情做过）eg：Idon'tregrettellingherwhatIthought．我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过)regrettodosth遗憾不能做某事（事情没做）eg：Iregrettohavetodothis，butIhavenochoice．我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未做但要做)meantodosthIdidn'tmeantohurtyourfeeling．我没想要伤害你的感情。meandoingsthThisillnesswillmean(your)goingtohospital．得了这种病(你)就要进医院。meantodosthmeandoingsthregrettodosth

regretdoing即时练习()1.Theboywants_________hisfatheraquestionaboutthemoon.A.askingB.toaskC.askD.asked()2.Whenlearningaforeignlanguage,tryourbest_____itwell.A.masterB.learnC.tolearnD.learning()3.Theboydecided______inShanghai,whichmadehisfatheralittlesurprised.A.nottoworkB.tonotworkC.notworkingD.workingnot()4.Ifhefails______ajob,hischildrenwillhavenofoodtoeat.A.tofindB.tolookforC.findingD.lookingfor()5.Shehopes_______the2020OlympicGames.A.totakepartinB.tojoinC.takingpartinD.herbrothertotakepartinBCAAA即时练习()1.Theboywants_()6.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearebusy____abouttheInternet.

A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned()7.-It'stoohot.Wouldyoumind_____thedoor?

-______.Pleasedoit.A.toopen;OKB.opening;CertainlynotC.opening;OfcourseD.toopen;Goodidea()8.Nomatterhowharditis,we'llkeep_____untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying()9.-Areyouenjoying_____inNingbo?

-Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived()10．Wecouldn’thelp_____afterweheardthefunnystory

A.tolaughB.livingC.livesD.livedCBDBB()6.NowmoreandmorepIV.动词不定式现在分词过去分词

作宾补IV.动词不定式现在分词过去分词

作宾补动词不定式作宾语补足语的意义动词不定式作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作，强调宾语所做的动作，是经常发生的或发生过去了。eg:Ioftenseehimplaybasketballontheplayground.动词不定式作宾语补足语的意义动词不定式作宾语补足语时，与宾语

接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：希望告诫提醒，建议允许邀请。期待鼓励命令，请求想要答应。禁止迫使教育，后跟宾补to牢记。接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：希望告诫提醒，建议允许希望告诫提醒，建议允许邀请wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事warnsb.todosth.告诫某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事希望告诫提醒，建议允许邀请wishsb.todost

期待鼓励命令，请求想要答应expectsb.todosth期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事want/wouldlikesb.todosth.想要某人做某事promisesb.todosth.答应某人做某事期待鼓励命令，请求想要答应expectsb.tod禁止迫使教育，后跟宾补to牢记forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事

forcesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事teachsb.todosth.教育某人做某事注意：helpsb.(to)dosth.既可以接带to的不定式，又可以接不带to的不定式作宾补。禁止迫使教育，后跟宾补to牢记forbidsb.tod

省略to的不定式作宾补口诀:feelsb.dosth.感到某人做某事hearsbdosth听见某人做某事listentosbdosth听见某人做某事letsbdosth让/使某人做某事makesbdosth让/使某人做某事havesbdosth让/使某人做某事seesbdosth看见某人做某事watchsbdosth看见某人做某事noticesbdosth注意某人做某事findsbdosth发现某人做某事一感

二听

三让

四看

省略to的不定式作宾补口诀:feelsb.dos注意：感观动词，用动原作宾补，与宾语是一种主动关系，表示动作经常发生，或已经发生过了；若强调在某一时刻正在发生，则用现在分词作宾补。感使动词真奇怪，to在句中象妖怪。

主动语态它走开，被动语态它回来。

动词let要除外，to词可来可不来。注意：感观动词，用动原作宾补，与宾语是一种主动关系，表示动作现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作，强调某一时刻正在进行正在发生的动作，是一个片段。如：Hesawanoldmangettingonthebus.Somepeopleleavethewaterrunningafterwashinghands.

现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上现在分词作宾补口诀某一时刻听看见，看某动作一片段。某一时刻一段时间保持使得如keep,现在分词作宾补。现在分词作宾补口诀某一时刻听看见，某一时刻一段时间保持使得如现在分词做宾补短语seesb.doingsth.

看见某人正在做某事hearsb.doingsth.

听见某人正在做某事feelsb.doingsth.

感觉某人正在做某事findsb.doingsth.

碰上（撞上）某人正在做某事listentosb.doingsth.

听某人正在做某事lookatsb.doingsth.

看着某人正在做某事noticesb.doingsth.

注意到某人正在做某事watchsb.doingsth.

观看某人正在做某事getsb.doingsth.使某人正在做某事havesb.doingsth.

使某人正在做某事keepsb.doingsth.

使某人不停地做某事leavesbdoingsth.使某人不停地做某事现在分词做宾补短语seesb.doingsth.过去分词做宾补英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义。eg:1.IheardthesongsunginEnglish.2.Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.3.Ihavehadmybikerepaired.4.Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.5.Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.6.Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.7.Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedyellow.过去分词做宾补英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是过去分词做宾补的短语getsthdone让......被做（请某人做）havesthdone让......被做（请某人做）makesthdone让......被做（请某人做）watchsthdone看见......被做noticesthdone看见......被做seesthdone看见......被做hearsthdone听见......被做listentosthdone听见......被做feelsthdone感到......被做findsthdone发现......被做keepsthdone让......被做过去分词做宾补的短语getsthdone即时练习()1.----There’saholeinyourbag.

----Iknow,I’mgoingto

haveit_____.

A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended()2.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,today

hewasmade____byhislittlesister.

A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry()3.Ihavehadmybike______,andI’mgoingtohave

somebody______myradiotomorrow.

A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepaired

C.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing()4.Ifoundthedoor_____whenIgothome.

A.openedB.closeC.unlockingD.open()5.It’ssocoldtoday,wemustkeepthefire________.

A.toburnB.burningC.burnD.burntCACAB即时练习()1.----There’sa即时练习()6.WhenIputmyhandonhischest,Icouldfeelhisheartstill____.

A.beatB.tobebeatingC.beatingD.wasbeating()7.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.A.WritingB.writtenC.towriteD.iswriting()8.Icanmakeyou_____whatIsay,butyoucan’tmakeyourself____inEnglish.

A.understand;understandB.understand,understood

Ctounderstand,understandD.understand;beunderstood()9.IhaveoftenheardtheABCSong____,butIhaveneverheardAlice_____it.

A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sang

C.sung;singD.sang;singing()10.Pauldoesn'thavetobemade__.Healwaysworkshard.

A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning

CCBCB即时练习()6.WhenIputmyh即时练习()11.Don’tleavethewater____whileyoubrushyourteeth.

A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun()12.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.

A.WritingB.writtenC.towriteD.iswriting()13.Themotherwasasked________letherchildren________TVeveryevening;

A.notto;watchB.notto;towatch

C.not;watchD.not;watching()14.Fatherwillnot__ustousehisrecorders.

A.haveB.letC.agreeD.allow()15.Themissingboyswerelastseen__neartheriver.

A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplayBCADA即时练习()11.Don’tleavetV.不定式、现在分词、过去分词

作状语的区别和用法V.不定式、现在分词、过去分词

作状语的区别和用法动词不定式作状语状语

用法

例句

目的直接做目的状语Hewentouttoplaycomputergames.inordertodosth.可以位于句首，句中Inordertofinishhisworkontime,

he

workedlikecrazy.=Heworkedlikecrazyinordertofinishhisworkontime.soastodosth.不可位于句首Heworkedlikecrazysoastofinishhisworkontime.

结果onlytodosth.常表示出乎意料的结果Wehurriedtotheclassroomonlytofindnonethere.…enough

todo…;too…todo;so…astodo;such…astodoThegirlwassokindastohelptheblindman.

I’mnotsuchafoolastobelievethat.He’soldenoughtomakeatripalone.It’stoocoldforyoutoworkoutside.原因直接表示原因Hewasgladtohearthenews.注意：动词不定式作状语与主语保持主动关系。动词不定式作状语状语用法现在分词作状语

状语作用

例句伴随与谓语所表示的动作同时发生HesatatthetablereadingChinaDaily.时间相当于when,while等引导的从句。Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.条件相当于条件状语从句Turningright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.结果相当于结果状语从句Themotherdied,leavingalotofmoneyforherchildren.原因相当于原因状语从句Being

ill,

she

didn’t

go

to

school

today.

注意：现在分词短语作状语与主语保持主动关系。现在分词作状语状语作用例句伴过去分词作状语

状语作用

例句伴随与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，相当于并列句。Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,(andhewas)followedbyagroupofstudents.时间相当于when,while等引导的从句。Asked(Whenhewasasked)whathadhappened,heloweredhishead.条件相当于条件状语从句Given(Ifweweregiven)moretime,wecoulddoitbetter.让步相当于让步状语从句Left(Althoughhewasleft)athome,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.原因相当于原因状语从句Frightened(=Because/Asshewasfrightened)bythetiger,thegirldidn'tdaretosleepalone.注意：分词短语表被动完成的意义，句子的主语与过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系。过去分词作状语状语作用例句伴即时练习1()1._______bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.

A．Attracting

B．Attracted

C.Tobeattracted

D．Havingattracted()2.________inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.

A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed()3.Hehadawonderfulchildhood，_______withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.

A.travel

B.totravel.

C.traveledD.traveling()4.Findinghercarstolen,_______.

A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelp

B.theareawassearchedthoroughly

C.itwaslookedforeverywhere

D.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp()5.Heoftenmakesfaces_______otherstudentslaugh.A.tomakeB.makeC.makingD.madeBADDD即时练习1()1._______bythe即时练习2()6.Hemadesomethingheenjoyed_______hissisterhappy.A.tomakeB.makeC.makingD.made()7.Wewenttotown_________someshopping.

A.doing

B.did

C.tomakeD.todo()8._______moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.

A.Given

B.TogiveC.Giving

D.Havinggiven.()9.________fromthetopofthebuilding,wesawthehouselikeamatchbox.

A.Seen

B.Seeing

C.Tosee

D.See()10.________time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.

A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.GivenAADAB即时练习2()6.HemadesometVI不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词作表语的区别和用法VI不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词作表语的区别和用法不定式作表语与动名词作表语异同相同点：不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语，含义是回答主语“是什么”。eg：1.Ourplanistokeeptheaffairsecret.我们的计划是让这件事成为秘密。2.Theirjobismakingwheelchairsfordisabledpeople.他们的工作是为残疾人制造轮椅。不同点：不定式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作；动名词作表语强调的是一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。eg：1.Hisjobistopaintthewalls.他的工作是粉刷这些墙。（一次性的，具体的，目前要做的事情，不是他日常的工作）2.Hisjobispaintingwalls.他的工作是粉刷墙。（这是他日常的工作）

不定式作表语与动名词作表语异同相同点：不定式和动名词作表语相现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别

相同点：现在分词和过去分词作表语都是用于回答主语“怎么样”的。不同点：现在分词说明主语的特征，

过去分词说明主语的状态。eg：1.Thisdogisfrightening.这条狗让人害怕。（说明狗的特征）2.Thisdogisfrightened.这条狗有些害怕。（说明狗的状态）3.Climbingistiringandwearecompletelytiredafteraday'sclimbing.爬山是累人的，爬了一天的山我们都全累坏了。（tiring说明climbing的特征，tired说明我们的状态）现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别相同点：现在分词注意1不定式作表语和不定式表示将来时的区别不定式作表语用于说明主语“是什么”，和主语之间是可以划等号的；不定式用来表示将来时态时，表示主语即将要执行的动作（主语常常是人），和主语之间是不能划等号的。如：

1.Whathewantedtosuggestistocutdownthepriceandincreasethesales.他想建议的是降价促销。

2.MyAmericanteacheristoleaveChinasoon.我的美国老师即将离开中国。注意1不定式作表语和不定式表示将来时的区别不定式作表语用注意2-ing动词作表语和-ing动词用于进行时的区别动名词作表语说明主语“是什么”；现在分词作表语说明主语是特征；V-ing用于正在进行时时，说明主语正在执行的动作。如：1.Herworkistakingcareofthechildren.她的工作是照顾小孩。（说明主语“是什么”）2.Herworkisinteresting,andsheenjoystakingcareofthechildren.她的工作很有意思，她喜欢照顾小孩。（说明她工作的特征是有意思的）3.Sheistakingcareofthechildren.她在照料小孩。（说明她正在执行的动作）注意2-ing动词作表语和-ing动词用于进行时的区别动名注意3过去分词作表语和过去分词用于被动语态的区别过去分词作表语说明主语所处的状态;过去分词用于被动语态说明主语所承受的动作。如：1.Thecupisbroken.杯子碎了。（说明杯子是状态）

2.ThecupwasbrokenbyPeter.杯子是被彼得打坏的。（说明杯子承受的动作—被打坏了）

3.Thepaintingremainsunfinished.画仍未完成。（说明画的状态）

4.Thepaintingwasfinishedbyhisapprentice.这幅画是由他的徒弟完成的。注意3过去分词作表语和过去分词用于过去分词作表语说明主语所即时练习()1.Thedooris_____.Itwas_______bymybrotherjustnow.A.open,openB.opened,openedC.open,openedD.opening,opened()2.Mywishis________ateacher.

A.becoming

B.tobecome

C.become

D.became()3.Ithinktheshopis_________atthistimeofday.