备战高考英语一轮复习之题型组合练（十五）

备战高考英语一轮复习之题型组合练（十五）目录内容第一板块打基础—熟词生义长难句第二板块练手感—习题训练找手感第三板块对答案—查漏补缺知短板打基础—熟词生义长难句1.subjectadj.易受某事影响的；取决于某事的Allflightsaresubjecttodelay.所有航班都有可能延误。ThefundingissubjecttoapprovalbytheBoardofEducation.拨款有待教育委员会批准。2.submitv.建议，主张Isubmitthatthejuryhasbeeninfluencedbythepublicityinthiscase.我认为在本案的审理过程中，陪审团受到了外界宣传的影响。3.succeedvt.接替；继任；随后出现Theirearlysuccesswassucceededbyaperiodofmiserablefailure.他们起初获得成功，但随后有一段惨痛失败的时期。4.sympathyn.(对观点、看法的)同意，支持Ihavesomesympathywiththispointofview.我比较同意这个观点。5.teamvt.联手；合作；协作Theyteamedforthefirsttimeonthisproject.他们在这个项目上首次合作。6.tellvi.显露，显现Thestrainofthelastfewdayswasbeginningtotell.前几天过度紧张的负面影响开始显现出来。7.throughadj.完成的；结束的I’vegotsomeworktodobutIshouldbethroughinanhourifyoucanwait.我还有些工作要做，不过一小时内应该可以完成，你看能不能等一下。8.ticketn.罚单，罚款单Thenewdrivergotaticketforspeeding.这位新司机因超速收到了一张罚单。9.tievi.打成平手Bothteamshadtiedonpointsandgoaldifference.两支队伍得分和净胜球都相当。10.tightadj.处境困难的He’sagoodmantohavearoundifeveryou’reinatightcorner.如果你有困难，有他在身旁会很有用的。二、高考长难句例析1.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,wholivedfromroughly551to479B.C．，influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.【解析】本句的主干为SomepeoplethinkthatConfuciusinfluencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks，其中that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中包含了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Confucius。【句意】一些人认为这位生活在公元前约551-479年的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。2.DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.【解析】as引导的是让步状语从句，从句用了倒装结构，表语前置。when引导的是时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中包含了由where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant。【句意】眼前的西红柿令我欣喜不已，当我听说布朗的格鲁夫农场是杰克达斯蒂餐厅的供应商之一时，我更加高兴了。杰克达斯蒂餐厅是萨拉索塔丽思卡尔顿酒店新开张的一家餐厅——我感到很幸运——那天晚上我计划去那吃晚饭。练手感—习题训练找手感一：阅读理解Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage.Ascientistwithmanyyears’experience,hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashedupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswap_meetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60，000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded,hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld’sbestareasforbeachcombing(海滩搜寻)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere,andasaresult,thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1，600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.Astheresultofhiswork,Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“swapmeets”inparagraph1mean?A.Fittingrooms. B.Tradingfairs.C.Businesstalks. D.Groupmeetings.2.WhydidEbbesmeyerphonetheshoecompany?A.Tofindoutwhatcausedtheshippingaccident.B.Tofindoutwhenandwheretheshoeswentmissing.C.Tofindoutwhetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoes.D.Tofindouthowmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident.3.HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?A.Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.B.Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcombers.C.Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels.D.Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary.4.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor’swritingthispassage?A.Tocallpeople’sattentiontooceanpollution.B.Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.C.Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.D.Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.二、七选五填空根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gettingoutintothegreatoutdoorsisanevenbetterideathanyouthink.__1__Italsocreatessomewonderfulsummermemoriesforyourfamily.Needmoreconvincingevidence?Therearesomebenefitsofcampingasafamily,includinghowit’sgreatforyourhealth.It’sgoodexercise.Let’snotforgetthemostobviousbenefitofcamping.__2__Evenifyou’retakingafishingtrip,you’reburningmorecaloriesthanyou’llburnsittingindoors.Andifyouhikeorbike,you’reperformingcardiovascular(心血管的)exercisethatwillhelpkeepyourheartandlungshealthy.__3__You’veprobablytriedunpluggingtheTVathome,butshortofthrowingitoutofthewindow,becausekidsaregoingtowatchmorethanwewantthemto.Outinthewild,thereisnotelevision.You’llwatchnaturetogether,goexploring,andhavethatone-on-oneattentionyouneedasafamily.Itisagoodwaytotrulyconnectwithnature.Toooftenwetakenatureforgranted.Infact,spendingafewdaysinnaturewiththefamilywillteachyourkidsthingstheymayhaveneverknownbefore.__4__However,inthewildtheywilllearnhowtobuildafire,catchfish,seeanimalhabitats,andallthenaturalarchitecturenatureoffers.Youhavenostressafterthecamping.Vacationscanbestressful.Sometimeswhenyougethomefromvacations,youneedanotherrestforyourlastvacation.__5__You’llgethomefeelingenergetic.It’sevenbetterthanacupofcoffee.A.YoucanstayawayfromTV.B.TheymayknowhowtoworkaniPad.C.You’llmeetnewchallengeseachtime.D.Sure,itsavessomemoneyifyoustayinacamper.E.You’respendingalotoftimeperformingphysicalactivities.F.Manycampersreportbettersleepcycleswhentheyreturnfromatrip.G.Butonceyousettleintocampingwithyourfamily,thestressofeverydaywilldisappear.三、完形填空Everyactofkindnessstartswithsomethingsmall,somethingweallcan—andshould—doeverysingleday.I’mWillRuhio,oneofthe__1___ofBYUTV’sRandomActsshow.Wetakehiddencamerastounexpectedplacesto__2__randomactsofkindness.We’vefilmedacts__3__frombuildingdisabled-friendlyfacilities(设施)forthosewhoarebadly__4__thembutcan’taffordthemtoreturningalostwallet.OnRandomActs,itmaybeaneighbororacolleaguewhorecognizesaneedand__5__anincrediblechainreactionofservice.__6__thestoryofEmmaleneMeyersforexample.Likemanyyounggirls,Emmalenewas__7__tobeaballetdancer—butherphysicaldisabilitymakeseveneverydaytasksa(n)__8__.Insteadofseeingalimitation,Emmalene’sfriendLily__9__anopportunity.LilyimaginedEmmalene’sdreambeingbroughttolifeonstageandpersuadedRandomActstohelpmakeherplan__10__.So,wherecanyoustart?ThekeyistodolikeLily:lookforanopportunitytomakea__11__tothoseinneed,andthentakeactiontomakeithappen.Being__12__andinvolvedinserviceis__13__likeanyothergoalyouwanttoachieve.Youhaveto__14__it.AftertwoseasonsofhostingRandomActs,thejoyof__15__burdensandbrighteninglivesdoesn’tfade.Isometimes__16__RandomActsmightloseitsfeatureeventually,butthatcouldn’tbefurtherfromthe__17__.WhenIfinallymeetthepeoplewe’vebeenworkingto__18__andseetheirgenuineshockandappreciation,it__19__meinthefeeleverytime.Icrymorethananyoneelseontheshow.Bethatpersondoingactsofkindnessoutofthe__20__ofyourheart—betheniceyouwanttoseeintheworld!1.A.photographers B.directorsC.viewersD.hosts2.A.expose B.conductC.arrange D.advocate3.A.changingB.countingC.ranging D.transforming4.A.insearchof B.inneedofC.indefenceof D.infavorof5.A.setsoff B.setsasideC.setsdown D.setsout6.A.Retell B.TakeC.Create D.Explain7.A.anxious B.proudC.afraid D.unwilling8.A.exception B.dilemmaC.competition D.challenge9.A.provided B.seizedC.spotted D.missed10.A.successful B.acceptableC.hopeful D.accessible11.A.choice B.differenceC.promise D.decision12.A.generous B.caringC.ambitious D.amazing13.A.never B.evenC.still D.just14.A.putupwith B.makeupforC.workat D.taketo15.A.bearing B.carryingC.reducing D.overcoming16.A.admit B.realizeC.remember D.assume17.A.truth B.deadlineC.destination D.boundary18.A.accompany B.surpriseC.locate D.please19.A.refreshes B.inspiresC.hits D.satisfies20.A.goodness B.curiosityC.faith D.honesty四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Researchersfoundthataseaturtle__1__hadeatenonlyonepieceofplastichada22percentchanceofdyingasaresult.Onceaturtlehadconsumed14__2__(piece)ofplastic,therewasa50percentchanceitwoulddieasaresult.“Weknewthatturtleswereconsumingalotofplastic,butwedidn’tknowforcertainwhetherthatplastic__3__(actual)causedtheturtles’deaths,__4__whethertheturtlesjusthappened__5__(have)plasticinthemwhentheydied，”CSIROOceansandAtmospherePrincipalResearchScientistChrisWilcoxsaidinamediareleaseonFriday.“Millionsoftonnesofplasticdebris(垃圾)isenteringourworld’soceans__6__ayearlybasis，”and“thebetterweunderstandtheissue,thebetterequippedwearetoaddress__7__problem.”Unsurprisingly,theteamfoundthatthechancesofaturtledyingincreasedwitheverypieceofplasticitate.AccordingtotheWorldEconomicForum(WEF),theamountofplasticintheworld’soceans__8__(double)inthelast20years.TheWEFfoundthatoceanswouldcontain__9__(much)plasticthanfishby2050ifthe__10__(pollute)continuesatthecurrentrate.五、书面表达假如你是李华，正在海边度假，你准备给你的好朋友Lydia写信告诉她你潜泳的所见所闻并邀请她也来和你一起度假。要点包括：昨天你在近海的暗礁潜泳，玩得很开心；告诉她最让你感兴趣的是各色不同形状的珊瑚和各种小鱼；邀请她来海边跟你一起开心地度假。参考词汇：浮潜snorkeling暗礁reef对答案—查漏补缺知短板A1.B词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句画线词后的内容totryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear可知，鞋子非常多，以至于人们建立了一个能把鞋子配对并且出售的展销会。fittingrooms意为“试衣间”；tradingfairs意为“展销会，集市”；businesstalks意为“商业谈判”；groupmeetings意为“小组会议”。2.C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，柯蒂斯·埃贝斯迈尔给鞋业公司打电话询问他们是否要回收事故中丢失的鞋子。在得知公司不准备回收之后，他就可以利用这些鞋子研究洋流了。3.A细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句...thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombers...Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformation...可知，埃贝斯迈尔让海滩流浪者帮忙，搜集海里漂浮鞋子的流向信息。4.C主旨大意题。文章第一段是主题段，提出了一种新型的研究洋流的方法。然后对这种方法进行具体介绍。故本文作者的写作意图就是介绍一种研究洋流的新方法。B1.D上文说走出去到户外比你想象的还要好，下文说它也能为你的家人创造一些美好的夏日回忆。D项“如果你待在一个野营车里，这当然会为你节省钱”符合语境，且下一句中Italso提示此空主语也为it，都指代空前一句中的Gettingout。2.E本段的主题为“它是很好的锻炼”，而E项“你正在花费很多时间进行体育锻炼”是对下文具体内容的概括，符合语境。3.A本段主要讲到户外活动可以使你和家人远离电视，而A项“你能远离电视”作为本段主题句最佳。4.B上文说“事实上和家人一起在大自然中度过几天会教会你的孩子他们之前可能不知道的事情”，再结合空后一句讲孩子在户外会学到的事情可知，空处应讲孩子在室内会的事情，与空后内容构成转折关系(however提示)，B项“他们可能会操作iPad”符合语境。5.G本段的主题是“露营后你会没有压力”，且根据本段中的描述可知，G项“但是，一旦你适应和家人一起露营，每天的压力就会消失”符合语境。C1.D根据第四段第一句中的AftertwoseasonsofhostingRandomActs可知，作者是RandomActs这个节目的主持人(hosts)之一。2.A此处指作者他们带着隐藏摄像机去出人意料的地方，目的是曝光(expose)随意的善举。conduct“指挥，引导”；arrange“安排”；advocate“提倡”。3.C作者他们拍摄的善举很多，包括从建造残疾人友好设施到归还丢失的钱包。rangefrom...to...“包括(从……到……)之间的各类事物”。4.B残疾人友好设施是为那些非常需要，但负担不起的人修建。insearchof“搜寻，搜索”；inneedof“需要”；indefenceof“保护，防护”；infavorof“支持，赞同”。5.A根据语境可知，此处指可能是一位邻居或者同事意识到一种需要并引发(setsoff)一系列不可思议的服务反应。setaside“暂不考虑，留出”；setdown“写下，规定”；setout“安排，陈述”。6.B此处指以埃米琳的故事为例。take...forexample“以……为例，将……作为例证”。7.A像许多年轻女孩一样，埃米琳渴望(anxious)自己能成为一名芭蕾舞演员。8.D埃米琳身有残疾，日常事务对她来说都是挑战(challenge)。9.C根据上文中的Insteadofseeingalimitation及下文中的lookforanopportunity可知，此处指埃米琳的朋友莉莉发现了(spotted)一个机会。10.A在RandomActs节目的帮助下，莉莉帮助埃米琳实现梦想的计划成功(successful)了。11.B寻找一个机会来影响(makeadifference)那些身处困境中的人。12.B乐于助人(caring)并投身于服务工作就(just)像其他任何你想要实现的目标一样。13.D参见上题解析。14.C根据语境可知，此处指你非得下功夫不可。putupwith“容忍，忍受”；makeupfor“弥补”；workat“努力做，致力于”；taketo“喜欢上……”。15.C主持了两季RandomActs后，作者从减轻(reducing)他人重担、改善他人生活中获得的快乐并没有消退。16.D有时作者认为(assume)这一节目总有一天会失去其特色，但是事实(truth)远非如此。17.A参见上题解析。18.B根据下文中的seetheirgen