主谓一致课件 高三一轮复习高考语法点复习

第七讲：主谓一致SubjectandverbagreementJing一、语法一致原则1.非谓语动词作做主语一般是单数，若是两个或两个以上动作时，用复数形式。

Toseeistobelieve.／Seeingisbelieving.Lyingandstealingareimmoral.

normal正常的；abnormal2.从句做主语一般是单数，若是两个或两个以上名词性从句做主语时，用复数形式。

Thattheywillwiniscertain.

what/whatever/which引导的从句做主语时，有时要看它们代指的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。

Whathesaidistrue.／Whatweneedaremorevolunteers.

3.morethanone/manya+单数名词表示的意义为复数，但是当其做主语时，谓语动词还是单数形式

Morethanone/Manyastudentdoesn'tfinishhomework.

many

students

don’t

4.用and连接的主语一般均用复数，但表同一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式

(1)

指同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数

and后面的名词前没有冠词

Thepoetandwriterhas

come.

The

poetandthewriterhavecome(两个人）

Theteacheranddancerisafriendofmyfather’s.(2)成对的名词

breadandbutter涂黄油的面包sodaandwater汽水

coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡aknifeandfork

一副刀叉

saltandwater盐开水...

表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数

Aknifeandforkisonthetable.

(3)every/each/no+单数可数名词+every/each/no+单数可数名词

EveryminuteandEverysecondisprecious.

Nomanandnowomanisallowedtoenterthehall.

(4)Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,

wealthyandwise.5.用with,aswellas,alongwith，togetherwith

except,but,rather

than,including,

这些词后面的词是附加成分，谓语要与第一个名词保持一致。就远原则

She

aswellasotherstudentshaslearnedhowtotype.

He

with

his

parents

goes

Everyone

except

you

is

down

on

me.(lookdownon)

Nobody

buttwostudentsisintheclassroom.

Jack,ratherthan(而不是）Tom,ispunishedbytheteacher.6.定语从句中关系代词做主语关系代词who,that,which等作主语时，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致

Thosewhohavefinishedtheworkcangohomenow.

Hewasoneofthestudentswhoweregivenaprize.

Hewastheonlyoneoftheboyswhowasinvited.7.

oneof+复数可数名词oneof+复数名词+单数谓语;Oneofthestudentsisfromthesouth.oneof+复数名词+定语从句,从句动词用复数;

Heisoneoftheboyswhoarereadytohelpothers.

8.有两部分组成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数有apairof修饰时要用单数

glasses,shoes,boots,pants,chopsticks,scissors,socks

Myglasseswerebrokenwhileplayingfootballyesterday.

Apairofglassesislyingunderthedesk.9.amount和quantity作主语

a(large)amountof+U.N.+V(sing.)(large)amountsof+U.N.+V(pl.)alargequantityof+C.N/U.N.+V(sing.).A(large)amount/quantity

of+N.+V单数largequantitiesof+C.N/U.N.+V(pl.)

amounts／quantities

of+N.+V复数

Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.alotof/lotsofalotofstudentsarelotsofmoneyis…10.名词所有格作主语

thebaker’s

thedoctor‘stheZhang’s

Mybaker'sisnotfarfromhere11.不定代词

something,anything,everywhere,nobody,

everybody

Noneofthem

areawareofthedanger.

Noneofthemoneyispaidtome.

Bothofmygrandfathersare

farmers.

Eachof

thebooks

costfiveyuan.

each

book

costs二、意义一致原则1.无标记的复数名词作主语people,cattle,police,youth

Thepoliceweresenttokeeporderimmediately.

强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数

Ourclass_____(is/are)agreatone.

Ourclass_____(is/are)musiclovers.

Hisfamily_____(is/are)alargeone.

Hisfamily_____(is/are)watchingTVtogether.2.单复数同形的名词作主语根据表达的意义决定动词的单复数

sheep,deer,fish,means,works,Japanese,Chinese,crossroads,series,species

Everypossiblemeanshasbeenusedtopreventtheair

pollution.

Allpossiblemeanshavebeenusedtopreventtheair

pollution.3.集体名词作主语——根据意义决定谓语动词的单复数形式

family,crowd,class,audience,enemy,staff,government,group,team,committee4.the+adj/done(1)表示一类人，做主语时V（pl）(2)表示一个人或一种抽象概念或品质时V（sing）

Thebeautifulisnotalwaysuseful.5.表示学科的名词作主语

physics,mathematics,economics,politics6.国家、单位、书、报刊作主语时

TheUnitedStatesTheNewYorkTimes7.表示时间、距离、金额、重量等复数形式作主语通常看做一个整体

Fourhoursisenoughtospendrepairingthemachine.

Fiftydollarsisalargesumforakid.8.分数/百分数做主语由名词决定谓语动词的单复数形式

Onethirdoftheworkhasbeenfinished.

Onethirdofthestudentshavenotpassedtheend-of-termexam.Two

thirds／thirty

percent9.anumberof与thenumberof10.结合语境选择合适的谓语动词

Yourshoesarecleanwhilehisaredirty.

Suchisourplan.

All(any/some/none)arehereandallisready.

三、就近原则1.Therebe和herebe结构

Thereisanapple,twobananasandsomeorangesonthe

plate.2.either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso,not...but...,or

NotyoubutIcanberesponsibleforthedelay.

NotonlyhissistersbutalsohehimselfhasbeentotheGreat

wall.

each在意义上是单数，

作主语时，V通常用sing

EachcountryintheUnitedKingdomhasacapital.

Eachofthestudentshasadictionary.3.倒装

Betweenthewindowsisapicture.

Eachmeans_____(have)beentriedtosolvetheproblem,butnoneiseffective.2.

Nowthepolice______(be)searchingthetownforthelostchild.3.

Tenthousanddollars_______quitealargesum.4.

Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsinourclasswho______(go)toschoolonfoot.5.

Anumberofnewhouses_______(have)beenbuiltthere.6.

Morethanoneperson_______(be)involvedinthematter.7.

Manyastudent_hasmade_(make)thatmistakebefore.before现在完成时before连词／副词单个副词ever／before／just／recently…8.

Eachdoctorandeachnurse___was____(be)senttotheearthquake-strike