2023年人教版高考英语总复习第二部分考点培优训练考点四必修第一册Unit3SportsandFitness

四必修第一册 Unit3SportsandFitness（限时60分钟）i.阅读理解ATherearemanywayswecanenjoysport一watchingitonTVorasmartphone,attendinganeventatastadiumorevenplayingthegame.Butforthosewhoenjoygettingcompetitivewiththeircomputergaming,therearerealistic-lookinggamestobeplayedwithoutleavinghome.Andpeople'sinterestinthistypeofsport-ifthat'swhatwecancallit-hasgonetoanewlevel.Initially,grabbingacontrollerandplayingagamewasanindividualactivity.Butaround20yearsagocomputersbecamecheaperandtheInternetbecamefaster,whichmadeitmucheasierfbrmorepeopletogetinvolvedwithcomputergaming.Thisledtogamersconnectingwitheachotheraroundtheworld,sotheycouldgohead-to-headonline.Italsobecameaspectatorsport,withpeoplewatchingothersplay.Thewholeexperiencehasbeengiventhename“esports“一ElectronicSports.Now,hugeesportstournamentstakeplaceallovertheworldinbigarenas（竞技场）withlargecrowds.Diehardenthusiasts,whohavebecomefirst-rateplayers,arenowwell-known—someplaytogetherinteams.Itstopstarscanearnmillionsofdollarsayear,withoutevenbreakingintoasweat!Andfansfromaroundtheworldtuneintowatchtheactiononline.Theglobalaudienceisnowestimatedatmorethan200millionandgrowing.Annualprofitsfromesports,currentlyaround650milliondollarsforevents,continuetorisewithbillionsmorethroughthevideogamessales.Famousfootballclubsarenowtryingtogetinontheaction.England'sFootballAssociation,fbrexample,launcheditsfirstesportsteamthisyear,knownastheeLions.Itrecruited（招募）FIFA19playerstorepresentthemattheFIFAeNationsCup.MarkBullingham,theFA'schiefcommercialandfootballdevelopmentofficer,said,“TheFApridesitselfonbeingamodern,innovativeorganizationthattriestoengageandinspireallgenerationsoffootballfans.9,Butwhilethisvirtualversionoffootballmightgivefootballersachancetogetclosertotherealgame,somemightarguethelackofphysicalactivitymeansitshouldn'tbecalledasport一andthebiggestwinnersarethecompanieswhopromoteandsellesports.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“电子竞技”的历史与现状。从它的发展历程中,可以看到这是一项飞速上升发展的新兴“体育运动”。Whatcontributedmosttothepopularityofesports?Thesupportfromthepublic.CheapercomputersandfasterInternet.Theadvancedsportsequipment.People'spreferencefbrindividualactivities.【解析】选B。细节理解题。原文第二段介绍了“电子竞技”从无到有的历史进程，起初玩游戏纯粹是个人娱乐，于是引起质变，人们能够“联机二逐渐发展出了电子竞技，因而B选项“CheapercomputersandfhsterInternet”(更便宜的电脑和更快的互联网)两大关键因素，与原句契合。故选B。WhatcanweinferaboutesportsfromParagraph3?Theyhavebecomeabigindustry.Theymakeplayersgetricheasily.Theywillreplacetraditionalsports.Theyhaveagreatimpactonothersports.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据题干，可直接定位至第三段，这一段列举了大量的数字，如高级玩家的年收入可以达到成百上千万美元(millionsofdollarsayear),电子竞技的观众规模超过两亿，并持续增长(morethan200millionandgrowing)等。且根据最后一句可推知，电子竞技已经成为一个庞大的产业,A项正确。故选A.WhydoestheauthormentiontheFAinParagraph4?Toexplainwhyithasbecomeinterestedinesports.Totellreadersitistakingtheleadinhostingesports.Tostatetheofficersareproudofitsachievementsinesports.Toshowfamousfootballclubsaregettinginvolvedinesports.【解析】选Do推理判断题。根据第四段中举了英国足协（EnglancTsFootballAssociation）参与电子竞技的具体情况作为例子（文中提示词“fbrexample"），可知，作者提及英国足协，目的就是印证本段第一句话，即：著名的足球俱乐部正在加入到电子竞技的行列中来。故选D。Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?TheRiseofEsportsTheAdvantagesofEsportsEsportsTeams:FamousforStarPlayersEsportsTournaments:ExcitingandFantasticEvents【解析】选A。主旨大意题。纵观全文，作者围绕着“电子竞技”展开，讲述着它的过去、现在与将来，并且字里行间表明了这是一个欣欣向荣的行业。如第三段用大量数字说明这一产业的庞大，并说明其利润“continuetorise”（继续上升中），全文处处在说明着“TheRiseofEsports”（电子竞技的腾飞），概括准确,A项是最佳标题。故选A。Butaround20yearsagocomputersbecamecheaperandtheInternetbecamefaster,whichmadeitmucheasierformorepeopletogetinvolvedwithcomputergaming.分析：which引导非限制性定语从句，it作形式宾语，“fbrmorepeopletogetinvolvedwithcomputergaming”是真正的宾语。翻译：但是大约20年前，电脑变得更便宜，互联网变得更快，这使得更多的人更容易参与电脑游戏。B（2022.邯郸模拟）Kitesurfingisasportthattakesplaceonthesurfaceofwater,ontopofboardsthataresimilarindesigntowakeboards（尾波滑水板）,withthesurferpulledbyakite.Thepopularityofkitesurfinghasgrown,althoughitisratherdifficulttomaster.Kitesurfingusesthesame

equipmentaskiteboarding,butisgenerallygivenmoretoridingontopofwaves,ratherthanonsmallerlakesorothercalmbodiesofwater.Earlyexperimentsinkitetransportationtookplacethroughthe19thcentury,andatthedawnofthe20thcenturySamuelCodycrossedtheEnglishChannelusingkitesandasmallboat.Kitesurfingitselfhowever,wasn'treallybomuntilthelate1970s.Beginninginthatdecade,morepeoplebecameinvolvedinusingkitesforpersonaltransportandsport.Kitetechnologyitselfadvancedenormouslyduringthe1970s,withkitesbecomingmuchmorecontrollable.Theearlykitesurfingwasratheraccidental,butinnovatorscontinuedtodevelopthetechnologytomakeiteasiertocontrolandsafer.Bythelate1990s,kitesurfingwasbecomingpopularoffthecoastofMaui,Franceandthroughouttheworld.In1997,aspecialkitesystemwasbuiltspecificallyfbrkitesurfing,whichhelpedkitesurfingintothemainstream.Becauseofthehighspeedsandthedangers,itisgenerallyrecommendedthatwould-bekitesurferstakeatleastafewbasicclassestolearnthefundamentals.Themainattractionofkitesurfingisthepotentialforamazingtricks.Thekiteallowsthesurfertoexperienceenormousjumps,flyingthroughtheairforlargedistancesbeforehittingthewaterinacontrolledfashion.Likeskateboarding,kitesurfingmakesuseofanumberofboardgrabs,withcomplextrickspossibleduetothelongperiodoftimethesurfercanremainintheair.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，介绍了风筝冲浪的出现、发展以及特点。WhatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellusinParagraph1?Whatiskitesurfing.Wheretogokitesurfing.Howtoenjoykitesurfing.Whypeoplelikekitesurfing.【解析】选A。段落大意题。根据第一段中“Kitesurfingisasport”（风筝冲浪是一项运动）以及“Kitesurfingusesthesameequipment.可知，本段是对风筝冲浪的概念进行解释。故选A。6.Inthe19thcentury,peopleintendedtousekitefor.B.experimentD.transportationB.experimentD.transportationC.entertainment【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Earlyexperimentsinkitetransportationtookplacethroughthe19thcentury”可知，风筝运输的早期实验贯穿了整个19世纪。所以当时的人们试图把风筝作为交通工具使用。故选D。Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?Kitesurfingoftenleadstoaccidents.Mauiishometokitesurfing.Kitecontrolisthekeytokitesurfing.Kitesurfingcameintobeinginthe1990s.【解析】选Co推理判断题。根据第三段中“butinnovatorscontinuedtodevelopthetechnologytomakeiteasiertocontrolandsafer”以及"In1997,aspecialkitesystemwasbuiltspecificallyforkitesurfing,whichhelpedkitesurfingintothemainstream.”可知，风筝的控制是风筝冲浪的关键。故选C。Whatismostcharmingforpeoplesurfing?A.Itspotentialfortricks.Itslongtimeintheair.Itsspeedacrossthewater.D.Itsbigdistanceoverthewater.【解析】选Ao细节理解题。根据第四段中“Themainattractionofkitesurfingisthepotentialforamazingtricks.”可知，风筝冲浪最吸引人的地方是它潜在的惊人绝技。故选A。【长难句分析】Kitesurfingisasportthattakesplaceonthesurfaceofthewater,ontopofboardsthataresimilarindesigntowakeboards,withthesurferpulledbyakite.分析：句中第一个that引导定语从句修饰sport,第二个that也是引导定语从句修饰boards,最后with复合结构作状语。翻译：风筝冲浪运动是一项发生在水面上的运动，滑板顶端设计与尾波滑水板类似，划水者被风筝拉着进行冲浪。U.完形填空Around50Marsmissionshavebeenlaunchedgloballysofarsince1960.Yetmorethanhalfofthemhave1toreachtheplanetsome55millionkilometersawayfromtheEarth.SoafterChina9sMarsprobe,Tianwen-1,was2onJuly232020,therewasan3waittolearnitsprogress.Thecraftlanded4onthesurfaceoftheplanetonSaturday.Thenewshasbeenmetwithboth5andcelebrationinthecountry.Thelandingwas6exactlyasplanned,whichhasmadeChinathelatestmemberofthecluboftheworld'spioneering7,andshowsthatChinahas8thetechnologiesonitsown.Itisthecan-dospiritthathasplayedakeyroleinChina'sscientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentinrecentdecades9somefailurestoexploreouterspace.Chinamadeitsearly10inrocketandspacetechnologiesstartingfromthe1960s11thecountryremainedlargelyabackwardagriculturalcountry.12,thecountryhasmadethemostofwhatithadoverthepastmorethansixdecades,makingeffortstomoveaheadintheaerospacecause.In2021,ChinasentTianheintospace,13aseriesoflaunchesthatwillcompletethebuildingofthestationaround2022.Alltheseachievementshave14greatlytothepeacefuluseofouterspace.15itsMarsmission,ChinahasworkedwithEuropeanpartnersandothersandwillhelppushhumankindtotravelfasterandfartherinthefuture.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了中国成功发射“天问一号”，“天问一号”成功着陆火星是中国空间技术发展的巨大飞跃。A.begunB.failedC.attemptedD.succeeded【解析】选Bo考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，其中一半以上未能到达距离地球约5500万千米远的行星。A.begun开始;B.failed失败;C.attempted尝试;D.succeeded成功。根据上下文以及“Yet(但是)”可知，超过一半的火星任务失败(failed)了。故选Bo

A.transported B.discoveredC.launched D.settled【解析】选c。考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此在中国的火星探测器“天问T”于2020年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A.transported运输；B.discovered发现;C.launched发射;D.settled解决。根据常识和下文“Thecraftlanded...onSaturday."可知,“天问T”是2020年7月23日发射(launched)的。故选C.A.anxiousB.awareC.awkwardD.amazing【解析】选Ao考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于2020年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A.anxious焦急的;B.aware有意识的;C.awkward令人尴尬的：D.amazing令人惊讶的。根据语境可知，在“天问一号”发射之后，所有人都在“焦急(anxious)”等待它的进展。故选A.A.suddenly B.safelyC.calmly D.obviously【解析】选Bo考查副词词义辨析。句意：该飞行器于周六在火星表面安全着陆。A.suddenly突然地;B.safely安全地;C.calmly安静地;D.obviously明显地。根据下文“Thenewshasbeenmetwithbothandcelebrationinthecountry”可知，飞行器安全地(safely)着陆在火星表面。故选瓦A.protestB.regretC.pity D.relief【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息让全国都感到宽慰和喜庆。A.protest反对;B.regret后悔;C.pity遗憾;D.relief宽慰。根据上文，飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰(relief).故选D。A.carriedawayB.carriedoffC.carriedoutD.carriedonC.carriedoutD.carriedon【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:“天问一号”的着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主开发技术。A.carriedaway带走;B.carriedoff夺走;C.carriedout实行;D.carriedon继续。根据语境可知，飞行器安全着陆，它的着陆是按计划实行的(carriedout),故选CoA.explorers B.applicantsC.officials D.editors【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:“天问T”的着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主开发技术。A.explorers探险者;B.applicants申请人C.officials官员;D.editors编辑。根据语境可知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探险，中国已然跻身于世界先锋探险者(explorers)的行列。故选A。A.borrowed B.selectedC.developed D.removed【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:“天问一号”的着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主开发技术。A.borrowed借；B.selected选择C.developed开发;D.removed移开。由“onitsown”可知，此次火星着陆技术是中国自主研发的(developed)。故选C。A.withoutB.beyondC.except D.despite【解析】选Do考查介词词义辨析。句意：近几十年来，尽管在探索外太空方面出现了一些失败，但中国的科学技术发展始终保持着积极进取的精神。A.without没有，缺乏;B.beyond超出；C.except除 之外；D.despite尽管。根据句意逻辑可知，“somefailurestoexploreouterspace”与主句之间有让步关系，太空探索尽管(despite)遇到失败，乐观进取的精神在科学技术发展方面仍起着关键的作用。故选D。A.promisesB.impacts

C.inventionsD.breakthroughsC.inventionsD.breakthroughs【解析】选Do考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。A.promises承诺；B.impacts影响；C.inventions发明：D.breakthroughs突破。根据句意可知，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期的突破(breakthroughs)。故选D。A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which【解析】选Bo考查关系副词。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。分析句子结构可知,“thecountryremainedlargelyabackwardagriculturalcountry”是定语从句，修饰其前的先彳亍词“the1960s”，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用when引导，故选B。A.ThusB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.However【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，中国已经充分利用了它在过去60多年里所拥有的，努力向前推进航天事业。A.Thus因此；B.Therefore因止匕；C.Furthermore此外；D.However然而。根据上文“thecountryremainedlargelyabackwardagriculturalcountry”可知，止匕处为转折关系，故用“However二故选DeA.gettingoffB.cuttingoffC.startingoff D.puttingoff【解析】选Co考查动词短语辨析。句意:2021年，中国将“天和”送入太空，开启了一系列发射，这些发射将在2022年前后完成空间站的建设。A.gettingoff下车；B.cuttingoff切断；C.startingoff开始；D.puttingoff推迟。根据上下文，随着天和核心舱进入太空，开始了(startingoff)一系列的空间站建设的发射任务。故选&A.appealedB.contributedC.respondedD.belonged【解析】选B。考查动词搭配辨析。句意：这些成就为和平使用外太空作出了重要贡献。A.appealed(to)呼吁，吸引;B.contributed(to)促成;C.responded(to)响应;D.belonged(to)属于。根据语境可知，所有这些成就极大地促成(contributed)外太空的和平使用。故选B。A.UponB.BeforeC.DuringD.After【解析】选C。考查介词词义辨析。句意：在火星任务中，中国与欧洲伙伴和其他国家合作，将帮助推动人类在未来走得更快、更远。A.Upon在 上；B.Before在 之前；C.During在……期间;D.After在……之后。根据句意，在火星任务实施期间(During),中国已经和其他国家一起合作来探索太空。故选C。m.读后续写(2022.锦州模拟)OnabeautifulThursdayofthisApril,AmyandAlanGreentooktheirdaughterAbbeyoutforawalkintheneighborhood.Ontheirwayback,AmypickedupakiteforAbbeyfromtheDollarTree,bluewithrainbows—therearealotofrainbowsdecoratinghomesaroundtheregionthesedays,whichhelpsmakelifelessdullduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Intheafternoon,Abbeytookthekiteoutforitsfirstflight.Atfirst,thewindwasperfect.Ittookthekitehighinthesky.However,suddenly,thewindbecamemuchstrongerandwhippedthekiteoutofAbbey'shandsinamoment.Itsailedfartherandfartherandfinallygotstuckonthepowerlinesnexttoabigtree,wrappingitselfoverandoveragainaroundthewires.Sincethekitewastoohighforthemtoreach,theGreenscoulddonothingaboutit.Worriedlessaboutthekitethanthepotentialdangeritmightpresenttothelines,AmycalledNationalGridtoreporttheincident.Aboutonehourlater,Mike,aworkerfromthepowercompanyarrived.Hecarefullyunwoundthekitelinefromthewires.Afterabout10minutes9effort,hesuccessfullyfreedit.Butunfortunately,asthekitewaswrappedsotightly,therewassomeunpreventabledamage.Still,hepresenteditatthedoortoAlanGreen.Asheleft,henoticedAbbey