MTI专业计算机辅助翻译论文

当今互联网科技时代下计算机辅助翻译的优势和局限性探究InquiryofadvantagesandlimitationsofCATintoday'seraofInternettechnology摘要随着互联网信息技术的发展，国际国内市场交流与融合步伐的加快，翻译市场正以前所未有的速度迅猛发展。同时，计算机辅助翻译也成为推动翻译行业迅猛发展的又一有力武器。翻译是一项基于思维层次和语义层次的跨语言、跨文化的活动。机器翻译可以实现文字间的转换，但目前暂不具备识别文本复杂的心理认知能力。关键词：计算机辅助翻译；机器翻译；译员AbstractWiththedevelopmentoftheInternetinformationandtheaccelerationofcommunicationbetweendomesticandinternationalmarkets,thetranslationmarketisgoingthroughanunprecedenteddevelopingperiod.Atthesametime,CATisalsoagreatimpetusonthedevelopmentoftranslationindustry.Translationisacross-lingualandcross-culturalactivityproceededfromthinkingandsemanticlevels.ThoughMachineTranslation(MT)isabletorealizetheconversionbetweenwords,itdoesnothavecomplicatedmentalcognitiveabilitytorecognizetexts.Keywords:ComputerAidedTranslation(CAT);MachineTranslation(MT);translatorsWiththedevelopmentoftheInternetinformationtechnology,CATsuccessfullystepintothetranslationmarket,andcompetewiththehumantranslation.However,isCATreallybetterthanhumantranslation?Infact,theemergenceofeachnewtoolhasitsnecessityofexistence,buttthesametimeitstillhassomelimitations.Inthispaper,firstlyIwillintroducethebasicconceptsofCAT;secondlyIwillgiveacomparisononCATandhumantranslationtoshowtheadvantagesandlimitationsofCAT;inthefinal,Iwillanalysisthecauseandenlightenmentofthoselimitations.ThebasicconceptsofCATItiswidelybelievedthat"CATisjustanewwaytoimprovetheefficiencyoftranslation."However,itisveryfarfromknowingCATverywell.Wemustknowthatitsmostnotablefeatureismachinetranslation(MT).Onlyautomaticmachinetranslationhasthegreatestspeedbutunsatisfactoryquality.Insuchcases,theCATtechnologyhasbeengraduallyvalued,anditmakesupforthedeficiencyofthemachinetranslation.CATismainlycomposedoftranslationmemory(TM),managementsystemoftermbase,andthealignmenttool.TranslationMemory(TM)TMisthecoreoftheCATtechnology,itisanimportantpartinWorkbenchofinterpreterandtranslator.Itsworkingprincipleistocomparethebeingtranslatedsectionwiththeexistingtranslationpieces.Ifthebeingtranslatedsegmentsmatchingwiththeexistingfragmentsverywell,themachinewillprovidetranslationsinthedatabaseforreference.Forprovidedreference,translatorscancompletelycopy,modifytouse,orabandon.(QianDuoxiu,2011)Accordingtotheownexperiences,theauthorhavefoundthatthequalityofTMtoolismeasuredbythetheproportionofrepeatedcontentinthepaper.Onthispoint,applicationscopeisgreatlylimited.OnlymaterialswithlotsofprofessionalandtechnicalwordscanbetranslatedbyCAT,especiallytomaterialsbeingconstantlyupdatedandhavemultipleversions.Onthecontrary,itislesssuitableforaliterarytextwhichhascomplexchangesincontentandlowrateinrepeat.TermBaseTermbaseisacollectionofcomputerizedterms.Atermbasefortranslationisgenerallyabilingualormultilingualtermbase.Thescopeofnon-literarytexttranslationisverywide,relatingtomanufacturingindustry,financialsector,energyresources,chemicalengineering,lawandmedicine.ItisalwaysveryboringinMT,butthetermbasesofCATcangetlotsofftermswithaquicksearchingspeedinthecourseofMT.Forexample,GoogleTranslator'sToolkitsrandSDLTrados,thetwoCATtoolsbothhavetheirtermbases.TheAlignmentToolThealignmenttoolallowsuserstoaligntheoriginalmaterialandthetranslationonebyone.Anexactmatchoftranslationandtheoriginalmaterialisusuallyneedanartificialproofreadingonalignment.Thealignmentunitcanbeasentencetheunitunderasentence,suchasphrasesandwords.ThealignmentresultcanbeimportedtotheTMtermbase,forlatersimilartranslation.(QianDuoxiu,2011)ThecomparisononCATandhumantranslation“Withthedevelopmentofglobalizationandscienceandtechnology,translationfieldreceivedunprecedentedimpact.Increasinglyglobalcommunicationbringsmoreopportunitiesfortranslation,greatlybroadenthetranslationmarket.Translationinthe21stcenturyhascompletelygotridofthetraditionalconceptandgoingtothetele-translationagewithmoredependencyonthemoderncommunicationtechnology”.(ChenYi,2008)ItisreportedbyABI(AlliedBusinessIntelligenceInc.)that,in2003globaltranslationoutputwasmorethan$13billion,with30%inAsia-pacificregion,andtheoutputofChinesetranslationmarketwasabout12.7billionRMB.In2005,theoutputintheworldwasover$22.7billion,theoutputoftranslationmarketinChinesemainlandwas21billionRMB.ThedemandofChinesetranslationmarketisfacingatrendofsharpexpansionandtranslationindustryisanemergingmainforceinChina'seconomysector.AdvantageofCATThemainadvantageofCATisthat,itcanmakethetranslationactivitiestraditionallybasedonthinkingmoresmoothlyandmorequickly.(JiaXinlan,2003)Italsohasgreatimpactontranslatorsindoingothertranslationactivities.Advantagesarethefollowingaspects:Ithastheabilityofhelpingtheinterpretermatchtheprojectandthesentencestructureofthetargetlanguagewiththeprojectandthesentencestructureofthesourcelanguageverywell.(LiangAilin,2004)Ithastheabilityofhelpingtranslatorsapplyprofessionalknowledgetothetermsectorsurpassgrammaticalstructuresandvocabulariesaswellastheabilitytomakeuptexts.(LiangAilin,2004)Byintegratingthescatteredandillogicalprofessionalknowledge,thecancreateaclearandnormativetext.Fortheinterpreter,theprocessitselfisalsoakindoflearningthatnotonlythelearningofknowledgeandinformation,butalsothelearningofcareerexperiences.Withtheamountoftheemergingofmultimediadatabaseknowledge,allkindsofknowledgeisnolongerconfinedtotaketheformoftext,butmoreintuitivetotheformofsounds,picturesandanimations,whichisundoubtedlyarevolutionarydevelopmentforcomputerusersthatgreatlyimprovetheefficiencyofacceptingknowledge.Ithastheabilityofteachingandtutoring.TeacherscanputtheCATintothetrainingplanandtrainingcoursesoftheinterpreter,tohelpinterpretersaccumulatingtranslationexperiencesforguidingthefollowingtranslations.(LiangAilin,2004)LimitationsofCATThechiefdrawbackofCATtranslationisthat,sometimes,itcan'tliveupwithscrutiny.CATtoolsismoresuitablefortextsonscienceandtechnologywhichhavehighrepetitionrate.OnlywiththetermbasethatTMhastheroomtowork.CATisnotsuitableforliterarytexts,becausetheirrhetoricisrichandcloselylinkedwiththecontext.Thereisalotofironyandextendedmeaningonironyinliterature,withwhichthemachineareincompetent.Inaddition,fuzzinessoflanguagewillincreasethedifficultytomachinetranslation.Forexample,forasameword,themachinecanmakedifferentsemanticinterpretation:(1)Whenturningovercontrol,operatorswillswitchtozero.机器翻译：当交到控制中时，操作员会转换到零位。(2)Whenturningovercontrol,operatorswillswitchtozero.机器翻译：当营业额达到控制时，操作员会转换到零位。(3)Whenturningover,controloperatorswillswitchtozero.机器翻译：当翻转时，控制操作员会转换到零位。Theimpliedmeaningandmetaphormeaningasreferredtointhecontextarealwaysdifferentfromthecombinationsymboloflanguageandsymbol.Translationisacomplexlanguageactivitiesinthebrainthatneedaninterpreterhasthefairlygoodcognitiveability,theabilityofthesemanticinterpretationontheoriginalmaterialandtheabilityoftranslatingthesourcelanguageintothetargetlanguagecreativelyandcoherently.RevelationandProspectofCATAlthoughtheresearchofMThasbeendevelopedfordecades,theapplicationisstillofgreatlimitations.Atpresent,themostadvancedMTsystemcanonlyreplacethehumantranslationinverylimitedscope.(YuanYining,2002)AlthoughMTcanachievethetransformationbetweenwords,atpresent,itdidn'thavethecognitiveabilityofrecognizingthecomplextext,whichmadeitmoresuitable.Soitismoresuitablefornon-literarytextswithlessextendedmeaningandhighrepetitionrate.ThefutureoflanguagesymbolandculturenotonlyprovidesthepossibilityofMT,atthesametimealsohinderthedevelopmenttowardshigherintelligentlevel.AlthoughtheCATapplicationhasbeensuccessfulputincertainareas,suchastheMETEOweatherforecastsystemofCanada.WestillhavequitealongwaytogoonthewayofMTcompletelyreplac