Unit 6 At one with nature 课件 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

单元素养培优(六)Unit6Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Thedroughtkilledour_____(庄稼),andtherewasn’tenoughgrassforthecattle.2.Howmany________(朝代)arethereinChina’shistory?3.Itis/hasbeen3yearssinceI_________(出版)myfirstbook.4.Thecompany______(租用)thebuilding,occupiedpartandsublettherest.5.Badweather_________(阻挡,防止)mefromstarting.cropsdynastiespublishedrentedprevented6.Theeventsare________(包裹)inmystery.7.IguesstherearemuchlesspeopleintheArctic_______(地区)thanhere.8.HisextensiveexperienceinotherpartsofAsiahelpedhimtoovercomecultural_______(障碍).9.Allthe________(材料)havebeenprepared.10.Thetestcanberunonvarious_________(平台)andenvironments.wrappedregionsbarriersmaterialsplatformsⅡ.用适当的介、副词填空1.Wewillstandupandholdtogetheralwaysasonefamily__harmony!2.Floodswashedmuchofthetopsoil_____.3.Warwickishome__some550internationalstudents.4.Humanhealthisconnected____whetherthedrinkingwateriscleanornot.5.Theycomeoutonlyatnightandfeed___someinsects.inawaytowithon6.It’swell-knownthatfirecan’tbewrapped__paper.7.Itisnotagoodideatomissmealsandreplacethem____snacks.8.Peoplechangetheirmindforavariety__reasons.9.Doeshestillliveintheflatthatwasrented_____alocalfarmerthreeyearsago?10.Hisloyaltytohisfriendswasnever__doubt.inwithoffrominⅢ.翻译句子1.过去30年我的家乡发生了很大变化。(takeplace)

_______________________________________________________________________.

2.学生们很重视这次考试的成绩。(attachsignificanceto)

______________________________________________________.

3.要过上幸福的生活,我们应该与自然和谐相处。(inharmonywith)___________________________________________________.

Thepast30yearshasseenthegreatchangesthathavetakenplaceinmyhometownThestudentsattachgreatsignificancetotheresultoftheexamToliveahappylife,weshouldbeinharmonywithnature4.她爸爸提醒她甜食对她的牙齿有害。(remind)_______________________________________________________.

5.学校将重点发展理科、数学和现代语言。(priority)

____________________________________________________________.

6.在他的讲话中,他提到了最近的加拿大之行。(referto)

________________________________triptoCanada.

HerdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteethTheschoolwillgiveprioritytoscience,mathsandmodernlanguagesInhisspeech,hereferredtoarecent7.学生们的兴趣大多限于学术领域。(belimitedto)____________________________________________________

8.夏天让我精力充沛。(energy)_____________________________.

Students’interestsaremostlylimitedtotheacademicarea.SummermakesmefullofenergyⅣ.阅读理解A(2021·北京高一检测)

Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit”.

Nitrogen(氮)andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi(真菌)networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons(神经元)inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.“Wedidn’ttakeanynoticeofit,”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了树木比我们大多数人想象得要复杂得多,它们互相合作,互相支持,通过传递营养得以生存。1.WhatcanwelearnfromProfessorSimard’swordsinParagraph3?A.Treesdependoneachother.B.Treesprotecttheirownwealth.C.Treescompeteforsurvival.D.Treesprovidesupportfordyingtrees.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第三段“AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition‘dependingonwhoneedsit’.”可知西马德教授认为树木相互合作和支持,传递营养维系生存,说明树木是相互依赖的。故选A项。2.Whyare“Mothertrees”extremelyimportant?A.Becausetheyknowmoreaboutthecomplex“treesocieties”.B.Becausetheyseemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumans.C.Becausetheylookthelargestinsizeintheforest.D.Becausetheypassonnutritiontoyoungtrees.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第五段中的“Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.”和最后一段中的“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.”,可知母树是其他树木赖以生存的最大和最古老的植物,因为母树能把营养传递给幼树,所以母树极其重要。故选D项。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Howyoungtreessurvive.B.How“treesocieties”work.C.Howforestryindustrydevelops.D.Howtreesgrowold.【解析】选B。代词指代题。由第五段中的“Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.”和最后一段中的“‘Wedidn’ttakeanynoticeofit,’Simardsayssadly.”,可知it指代上文已提及的事情,此处it指highlycomplex“treesocieties”或thenetworks的赖以生存的方式/运作方式。故选B项。4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumansB.YoungTreesAreinNeedofProtectionC.TreesAreMoreFantasticThanYouThinkD.TreesContributetoOurSociety【解析】选C。主旨大意题。由第一段“Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?”,第二段“UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.”和后文关于“树木之间不是竞争关系,而是相互依赖,将死的树把营养传递给小树让其更好地生长”,说明作者想要表达的是树木比我们想象得要更令人惊叹、复杂。故选C项。B

ArthurBonnerworkswiththePalosVerdesbluebutterfly,oncethoughttohavediedout.Todaythebutterflyiscomingback—thankstohim.Butyearsagoifyou’dtoldhimthiswaswhathe’dbedoingsomeday,hewouldhavelaughed,“You’recrazy.”Asaboy,heusedtobe“alittletoughguyonthestreets”.Atagethirteen,hewascaughtbypolicestealing.Ateighteen,helandedinprisonforshootingaman.“Iknewithadhurtmymom,”Bonnersaidafterhegotoutofprison.“SoItoldmyselfIwouldnotputmymomthroughthatpainagain.”

OnedayhemetProfessorMattoni,whowasworkingtorebuildthehabitatforanendangeredbutterflycalledElSegundoblue.“Isawthesign‘ButterflyHabitat’andasked,‘Howcanyouhaveahabitatwhenthebutterfliescanjustflyaway?’”Bonnerrecalls.“Dr.Mattonilaughedandhandedmeamagnifyingglass(放大镜),‘Lookattheleaves.’Icouldseeallthesecaterpillars(蝴蝶的幼虫)ontheplant.Dr.Mattoniexplained,‘Withouttheplant,therearenobutterflies.’”

Weekslater,BonnerreceivedacallfromDr.Mattoni,whotoldhimtherewasabutterflyneededhelp.ThatwashowhemetthePalosVerdesblue.Sincethenhe’sbeenworkingforfouryearstohelpbringthebutterflyback.Hegrowsastragalus,theonlyplantthebutterflyeats.Hecollectsbutterfliesandbringsthemintoalabtolayeggs.Thenheputsnewbutterfliesintothehabitat.

Thebutterfly’spopulation,oncealmostzero,isnowupto900.Fortheirwork,BonnerandDr.Mattonireceivedlotsofawards.ButforBonner,heearnedsomethingmore:heturnedhislifearound.

ForsixyearsnowBonnerhaskepthispromisetostayoutofprison.Whilehe’sbringingbackthePalosVerdesblue,thebutterflyhashelpedbringhimback,too.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一个叫亚瑟的人通过养蝴蝶既拯救了蝴蝶,又拯救了自己的故事。5.BonnercametoknowthePalosVerdesblueafterhe______.

A.foundthebutterflyhaddiedoutB.wonmanyprizesfromhisprofessorC.metDr.Mattoni,aprofessorofbiologyD.collectedbutterfliesandputthemintoalab【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段可知,Bonner在接到了教授的电话之后,知道了有一种蝴蝶需要他的帮助。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“putthrough”meaninParagraph2?A.Hurt.

B.Recall.C.Remember. D.Experience.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据上文的hurt,可知出狱之后不再让母亲受伤害,由此可知D选项合适,意为不再让母亲经历痛苦。7.WhichofthefollowingwouldbetheBESTtitleforthetext?A.APromisetoMomB.AManSavedbyButterfliesC.AStoryofButterfliesD.AJobOfferedbyDr.Mattoni【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章整体上讲述的是亚瑟从没有养蝴蝶时的糟糕生活到养蝴蝶后的转变。故B项“被蝴蝶拯救的男人”符合题意。Ⅴ.阅读填句BeaGreenChild

Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?“Green”ismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Whygreen?Plantsaregreen,andwithoutthemtheEarthwouldn’tbesuchalovelyhomeforushumanbeings.Whatcanwedo?

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ReduceIt!

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Forinstance,ashortershowermeansyouusedlesswaterandlessfuelsinceyourhouseusestoruntheheaterthatwarmedupthewater.

ReuseIt!

Sometimespeoplecalloursa“throw-awaysociety”.Itmeansthatwe’realittletoowillingtothrowawayoldstuff(东西)andbuynewstuff.

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Forinstance,ifyourbabybrotherbecomesolderandlosesinterestinhisplasticbasketballhoop(篮圈),whynotgiveittoanotherfamilywhohasalittlekid?

RecycleIt!

Recyclinghasneverbeeneasier.Manycommunitieswillpickituprightinfrontofyourhouseandsometownsevenrequireit.Recycledgoodsgotoarecyclingcenter,wheretheycanbeturnedintonewcans,bottles,andpaper.

EnjoyIt!

It’struethatrubbishandpollutionareproblems,buttheEarthremainsahugeandbeautifulplacethat’sreadyforyoutoexplore.

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Goforahike,visitlocalnaturecentersandgardens,andclimbupmountains.

Butbeforeyoutraveltheglobe,takealookatyourownbackyard.Isthereaspotwhereyoucouldplantatreeorputinalittlefruitorvegetablegarden?

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A.Here’safour-stepguidetobeinggreen.B.Getoutthereandgetyourhandsdirty.C.Turnoffthewaterwhenyou’rebrushingyourteeth.D.Whenyouuselessofsomething,youdoagoodthingfortheEarth.E.Youcanstartlocallybyvisitingthenaturallybeautifulspotsinyourcity.F.Manytimes,evenifyounolongerneedsomething,someoneelsejustmight.G.Youcanwatchwithprideasyourtreetakesrootandyourgardenplantsgrow.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何成为环保少年的几点建议。1.【解析】选A。根据本空前的“Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.”及“Whatcanwedo?”可知,绿色也意味着采取特别的措施保护环境,那么我们该做些什么呢?下文又介绍了环保的建议,此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句,故A项(这里有个关于环保的四步指南)符合语境。2.【解析】选D。根据本空后的“Forinstance,ashortershowermeansyouusedlesswaterandlessfuel”可知,较短的淋浴时间意味着你用更少的水和燃料,故D项(当你少用一些东西时,你就对地球做了一件好事)符合语境。3.【解析】选F。根据本空后的“Forinstance,ifyourbabybrotherbecomesolderandlosesinterestinhisplasticbasketballhoop,whynotgiveittoanotherfamilywhohasalittlekid?”可知,如果你的弟弟长大了,对塑料篮圈没了兴趣,为什么不把它送给另一个有小孩的家庭呢?故F项(很多时候,即使你不再需要某样东西,别人也可能需要)符合语境。4.【解析】选E。根据本空后的“Goforahike,visitlocalnaturecentersandgardens,andclimbupmountains.”可知,去徒步,参观当地的自然中心和花园以及爬山,故E项(你可以从游览当地的自然美景开始)符合语境。5.【解析】选G。根据本空前的“takealookatyourownbackyard.Isthereaspotwhereyoucouldplantatreeorputinalittlefruitorvegetablegarden?”可知,看一下你的院子里有没有地方种一棵树或做一个小的果蔬园,此处承接上文,故G项(你可以骄傲地看着你的树生根发芽,看着园子里的植物生长)符合语境。Ⅵ.完形填空(2021·长春高一检测)

Treehugging(拥抱)maysoundalittlebitstrange.ButIsraelhasbeenencouragingpeopletodoit

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.

“Inthis

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COVID-19period,peoplehavetostayawayfromeachother,”saidOritSteinfeld,managerofIsrael’sApolloniaNationalPark,“We

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thatpeoplearoundtheworldgoouttonature,takeadeepbreath,hugatree,expressyourloveandgetlove.”

Theparkisabout15kilometersnorthofTelAviv.Insidethepark,somevisitors

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followedhisadvice.BarbaraGrantwasoneofthem.

“Weneedphysicaltouchtostay

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.Withoutit,manybecomelonely,sadandevensick,”shesaid,“Wearenothuggingtoomany

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thesedays.Huggingatreeisquitea

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thingtodo.”

Israelisnotthe

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countrytoaskpeopletohugtrees.Iceland’sForestServicestartedasimilar

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inApril.Theyadvisedeveryoneinthecountryto

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atreeforatleastfiveminuteseveryday.TheForestServiceevensharedashortvideoshowingpeopleinIcelandhuggingtreesinthe

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.Parkworkersalso

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pathsinthewoodssothatvisitorscouldstayawayfromeachotherwhile

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theirtrees.

“Therearealotoftrees,”saidaforestworkerinthevideo,“noneedforeveryonetohugthe

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tree.”

So,ifyoucannotgetahumanhugthesedays,youknowsomethingyoucansafelyputyour

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around:Atree!

【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情期间有的国家提倡拥抱树木。1.A.immediately

B.necessarilyC.politely D.recently【解析】选D。根据下文“InthisunpleasantCOVID-19period,peoplehavetostayawayfromeachother,”可知,在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情期间,人们不得不彼此远离,因此可知事情发生在最近,所以以色列最近一直在鼓励人们这样做。故选D。2.A.happy B.shortC.unpleasant D.free【解析】选C。根据COVID-19可知是疫情的爆发,所以只有unpleasant(令人不快的)符合感情色彩,故选C。3.A.order B.recommendC.see D.know【解析】选B。根据上文以色列最近一直在鼓励人们拥抱树木,可知此处应使用recommend,表示建议,故选B。4.A.actually B.hardlyC.blindly D.awkwardly【解析】选A。根据“BarbaraGrantwasoneofthem.”可知,一些游客实际上听从了他的建议。故选A。5.A.high

B.warm

C.healthy

D.big【解析】选C。根据下文“Withoutit,manybecomelonely,sadandevensick”可知,没有它,很多人会变得孤独、悲伤甚至生病,所以我们需要身体接触才能保持健康,故选C。6.A.trees B.personsC.animals D.volunteers【解析】选B。根据“Huggingatreeisquiteanicethingtodo.”可知,拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情,根据not可知正好与不拥抱人形成对比,故选B。7.A.bad B.silly C.lucky D.nice【解析】选D。根据上文“Weneedphysicaltouchtostayhealthy”可知,我们需要身体接触才能保持健康。由此可以看出,拥抱树是一件好事,有益的事。故选D。8.A.first B.richC.beautiful D.great【解析】选A。根据后文“Iceland’sForestServicestartedasimilareffort”可知,冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力。由此可以看出以色列不是第一个要求人们拥抱树木的国家,故选A。9.A.match B.meetingC.effort D.park【解析】选C。根据下文“Theyadvisedeveryoneinthecountrytohugatreeforatleastfiveminuteseveryday.”可知他们建议全国每个人每天抱一棵树至少五分钟。由此可以看出冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力(建议拥抱树)。故选C。10.A.plant B.hug C.paint D.buy【解析】选B。根据“Huggingatree”可知,本文在讲述拥抱树,故选B。11.A.book B.water C.house D.forest【解析】选D。根据下文“inthewoods”可知,forest与之呼应,冰岛人拥抱森林中的树木。故选D。12.A.stopped B.clearedC.left D.followed【解析】选B。根据“visitorscouldstayawayfromeachother”可知为了游客在寻找他们的树木时彼此远离,所以清理了森林中的道路,故选B。13.A.cuttingdown B.fallingdownC.lookingfor D.climbingup【解析】选C。公园的工作人员清理森林中的道路就是为了游客在寻找他们想抱的树木时彼此远离。只有lookfor(寻找)符合题意,故选C。14.A.same B.little C.dirty D.dead【解析】选A。根据“Therearealotoftrees(有很多树)”可知,没必要每个人都抱同一棵树,故选A。15.A.clothes B.arms C.string D.feet【解析】选B。全文都在讲拥抱树,故此处填arms,表示用胳膊(拥抱),故选B。Ⅰ.语法填空(2021·哈尔滨高一检测)

Theremaybeanewspeciesoffox-likecat.Wildliferangers(护林员)fromFrance’sNationalHuntingandWildlifeAgencylocated16ofthe1.__________(rare)seengoldenstriped(有条纹的)creaturesinmountainousareasofaFrenchisland.

Thecatsare2.__________(big)andmoreaggressivethanatypicalhousecat,andhavehighlydevelopedteethandlarge,ringedtails.Becauseofthe3.________(appear),theyareknownlocallyasthe“cat-fox”.Thecreaturehuntsatnightand,fromthelooks,4.__________(be)justthrilledbyalloftheattention.ThecatcouldhaveoriginatedinAfricaortheMiddleEastthousandsofyearsago,5.________(belong)toanancientspecies.“BylookingattheDNA,wecouldtellit6.__________theEuropeanwildcat.It’sclosetotheAfricanforestcat;however,7.__________isn’tdeterminedisitsexactidentity,”PierreBenedetti,whoworksasthechiefenvironmentaltechnicianoftheNationalHuntingandWildlifeAgency,said.

Thefirst“cat-foxes”8.__________(catch)non-violentlybytherangersin2016,9.__________thetalesoftheforestanimal

havecirculatedaroundtheislandforgenerations.Therangershopebystudyingandtaggingtheanimals,theycangetthe“cat-foxes”10.__________(protect)inthenextfewyears.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国护林员在2016年发现的“狐猫”。1.【解析】rarely。考查副词。句意:法国国家狩猎和野生动物管理局的护林员在法国一个岛屿的山区看到了16只罕见的金色条纹动物。空处修饰动词seen,所以用副词形式,故填rarely。2.【解析】bigger。考查形容词比较级。句意:这些猫比典型的家猫更大,更有攻击性,有高度发达的牙齿和巨大的环形尾巴。此处应用形容词作表语,结合“andmoreaggressivethan”可知,空处应填形容词比较级,故填bigger。3.【解析】appearance。考查名词。句意:因为外表,它们在当地被称为“狐猫”。根据空前的定冠词the可知,空处应填一个名词作介词of的宾语,appearance是不可数名词,意为“外表”,故填appearance。4.【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这种动物在夜间捕食,从外表看,它对所有的关注感到兴奋不已。分析句子结构可知,and连接两个并列谓语,根据第一个谓语hunts可知,句子是一般现在时,主语Thecreature是单数,故填is。5.【解析】belonging。考查非谓语动词。句意:这种猫可能在数千年前起源于非洲或者中东,属于一个古老的物种。动词belong和逻辑主语Thecat之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词,故填belonging。6.【解析】from。考查介词。句意:通过查看DNA,我们可以把它和欧洲野猫区分开来。tellsth.fromsth.把……和……区分开,是固定短语,故填from。7.【解析】what。考查主语从句。句意:它和非洲森林猫很相近,然而,不确定之处是它准确的身份。分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个主语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,表示“……的东西”,应用what引导,故填what。8.【解析】werecaught。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:最初的“狐猫”在2016年被护林员以非暴力的方法捕获,但是这种森林动物的故事已经在岛上流传了好几代。主语“cat-foxes”是复数形式,和动词catch之间是被动关系,结合时间状语“in2016”可知,此处使用一般过去时的被动语态,故填werecaught。9.【解析】but。考查连词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处缺少连词,前后两句话之间是转折关系,应用but连接,故填but。10.【解析】protected。考查非谓语动词。句意:护林员希望通过研究和标记这些动物,能让这些“狐猫”在未来几年里得到保护。此处是“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词protect和宾语the“cat-foxes”之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语,故填protected。Ⅱ.概要写作(2021·淮安高一检测)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Mostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.Thisfactalsoseemstohaveheldtruethroughouthistory.In1977scientistsstudiedworksofartmadeatvarioustimesinhistory.Mostofthepeopleshownintheseworksofartareright-handed,soscientistsguessedthatright-handednesshasalwaysbeencommon.ButwhatdoLeonardodaVinci,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?Theywereallleft-handedalongwithotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPitt,PrinceWilliam,andBarackObama.Infact,anestimated13percentoftheworld’spopulationmaybeleft-handed.Manyresearchersclaimtohavefoundrelationshipsbetweenleft-handednessandvariousphysicalandmentalcharacteristics,suchasblondhair,b