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英语_基础课程_词汇精讲课欢迎使 织实施的一项外语考试,它根据英语在不同专业领域活动的应用特点,结合专业技术掌握和应用英语的实际情况,对申报不同级别的专业技术的英语水平提出了不同的要求。考试B、C10026个部分组要考查应试者理解英语的能力。课程由英语名师付建利老师讲解,英语教研团队历时1年多的时间,研究录制了一版拥有全新的词汇思维模式,结合在职英语基础和学习特点,通过分词汇部分学习方法及目的【此讲义请到词汇课程中进行但英语考试只有2个小时考生根本没有时间查询基础和简单的英语单词,记,第二天复义内容后,把不能理解的部分勾画出来,回到该内容讲解部分再24 考试大纲词汇要求及词汇课程安 Chapter1科学研 Chapter2数量研 Chapter3连词/方位 Chapter4短语搭 Chapter 词缀总 Chapter6动词专 Chapter 形容词副 Chapter8观点态 八大词汇板块深度扫词汇三Chapter1研究与被研究 Responsiblefor Takeaction 研究与被研究writern.authorn.作者;作家;创始人vt.创作n.研究,研究者(researcher的复数形式eg:Researchersarefindingdifferentusesforparticleswith alengthofonenanometer,orone-billionthofameter.长度为一纳米,即十亿分之一米的粒子已被研究开发出多种用途。expertsn.;scientistsn.科学家(scientist的复数investigatorsn.研究者,pregnantpregnəntwomenn.eg:ArecentstudyinTanzaniafoundthatwhenpregnantwomentookvitaminseveryday,fewerbabieswereborntoosmall.fetus['fi:təs]n.,children'tʃildrən]n.孩子们(child的复数elder['eldə]n.老人;长辈;年长者;父辈adj.年长的;较大的;资格老male[meil]n.;雄性动物adj.的;雄性的;有力femalefi:meiln.女人;[动]adj.patient['peiʃənt]n.;患者adj.有耐性的,能volunteer[,vɔlən'tiə]n.;志愿兵adj.志愿的vt.自愿vi.自愿animalæniməln.(老鼠:micemouserat,猴子:monkey) 过去式 过去分词 n.vi.vt.discoverdɪ‘skʌvɚvt.vi.detectdi'tektvt.realizerɪrlaɪz]vt.reportn.报告;;成绩 vt.报告;报导;使报 vi.报告;报到;写报survey[‘sə:vei]/n.;测量;审视;纵vt.;勘测;俯vi.Butacloserlookatthesurvey/researchindicatesthatmanyAmericanswhocan’taffordfinediningstillpreferlargeportions.investigate v.;研study vt.学习;考虑;攻读;细vi.focus n.焦点;中心;清晰;焦距vt.vi.focusoneg:Mostmedicaljournalsarespecialtyjournalsthatfocusonaparticularareaofconcentrate n.浓缩,精选;浓缩 vi.集中;浓缩;全神贯注;vt.concentrateon集中精力于;全神贯注于measure n.测量;措施;程度;尺 vt.测量;估量;权vi.collect adv.由收件人付款 vt.收集;募 adj.由收件人付款vi.收集;;募sample['sɑ:mpl'sæ adj.n.vt.observevt.观察;遵守;说;注意到;评 vi.观察;说;注意到;评ysis n.attempt n.企图,试图;vt.企图,试图;尝eg:Doctorsannouncedtheresultsyesterdaywithysisonsometendenciesinlungcancer[ n.eg:Whenthechildrenneedtimetoanswer,receivedreprimandsareoftenambiguousinterpretationorexplainik'splein]v.explanationeksplə'neɪʃ(ə)n]n.accountə'kaunt [会计]account (estimate v&n.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthateveryyeartwentymillionbabiesarebornwithlowbirthevaluate vt.评价;估价;求…的值vi.appraise vt. n.目的;目标;对准vt.目的在于;引导;把…对准vi.aim v.purpose n.目的;用途;意 vt.决心;企图;打motive n.,目的;adj.发动 vt.使产生,激motivation n.;积极shift n.移动;变化;;轮 vt.转移shift switchswitʃn.switchtov.turn[tə:n] n.转弯;变化 vi.转向;转变;转动turnto 13.responsiblefor Aviationisasmallbutgrowingcontributortoglobalwarming,responsiblefor12%ofthecarbondioxideemittedbymeansoftransport.航空工业虽然总体规模不大,但也是促使全球变暖的因一,12%的二氧化碳排放是由交通result n.结果;成绩;答 vi.结果;导致;产asaresult结 theresultof……的结 resultin导致,结果 leadto导致;通cause n.原因;事业;目 vt.引起;because[bi'kɔz]conj.因为becauseofadv.因为;由于reasonri:zən]n.理由;理性duetoadv.由于;应归于owingto由于,因为…consequence n.结果;重要attributeə'tribju:tætribju:tn.attributeto把…14.indicate['indikeit] vt.表明;;预示;象征reveal[ri'vi:l] n.;vt.显示;透露;expose[ik'spəuz] vt.,揭发;使;显示findoutv.找出,查明;发现,揭发pointout,指allege vt.emphasize‘emfəsaizvt.declare[di'klεə] vt.宣布,;断言,宣称 vi.stress[stres] n.压力;强调;紧张;重要性15.take eg:Peopleneedtoknow mendeddailysodiumlimitandtakeactiontoreducesodiumsolution eupwithguide n.指南;向导;入门 vt.引导;带guidelineɡaidlain]n.mend v.eg:Peopleneedtoknow mendeddailysodiumlimitandtakeactiontoreducesodiumadvise vt.persuade vt. vt.17.infer vt.推断;推 vi.推断;作出推infer eg:Whatcanweinferfromthe deduce vt.assume[ə'sjum] presume[prɪ'zjum]假设、推测construe[kən'stru] 解释、vーーー戴尔·

Chapter21- thousandstensofthousandsofmillionsofbillions ten(1—hundred(百)thousand(千)million(百万)billion(十亿 hundred DoubleAskingthisonesimplequestionmaydoublethenumberoftransplantorgansavailableinCalifornia--onesimplequestion.TripleConfirmedcasesinAustraliatop1,200,morethantripleasmanyasaweekhundred(百)thousand(千)million(百万)billion(十亿)的相关短语,表示许多,一般在后面+sof构 thousands tensofthousands millions billions Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilt,eachcostingmillionsofUS arethousandsofmoderatequakesonthisscalearoundtheworldeachyear。Dozendozen,scorehundred,thousand等的用法相似。前面有基数词时,只能用单数作定语;若of。IboughtadozeneggsandeveryoneofthemwasIsaiditwasasecretbutshe’stolddozensofTheyreceivedscoresoflettersabouttheirTVthe例如: 三1 四:与“增加”或“减少”的词increase(增加)—decrease(减少)large(大)—small(小)形容人口多少 (扩张)—shrink或者shorten(萎缩)include(包括)—exclude(排除)high(高) low(低grow(增长,扩大)— add(增加)—subtract(减少)develop(发展)decline(下落)spread(延伸)—gather(收集) Agoodadvertisingnwillincreaseoursales.良好的宣传活动会增们的销售 TheEuropeancountrywiththehighestbirthrateisIreland.人口出生率最高的欧洲国家是爱尔ThevastforestsofWestAfricahaveshrunk.西非的大片森林面积已缩小了。,,Chapter3连词/12转折butstillyethoweverontheother让步howeverthough,nomatterneverthelessnonethelessinspiteofatany因果:because(of),dueto,owingto,thanksto,since,for,as,forthereasonthat,seeingthat,asaresult,inconsequence,hence…递进moreoverlikewisebesidesinaddition,notonly…butalsoapartfromfurthermore…对比:incontrast,onthecontrary,opposiy,conversely……eenehr.nraswellasboth.andonly.butEG:Thisisanoldclockthatisnotonlyveryhandsomebutalsoaccurate.orelseratherthaneeEG:Youshouldgetthelicenserightaway,oryou'llhavetopaya whereasyethoweverneverthelessontheotherhandontheEGSheisafunnygirl,yetyoucan'thelplikingher. therefore EG:Itwasrainingheavily,sothesportsmeetingwasassoonthemoment(一……就……)theminutetheinstantsoonerthan……)ardywe( Hetoldmethenewsimmedia yhegotit.EG:Wherethereisalife,thereisaunlessifonly(要是……就好了)inaslongas(只要)onconditionthatEGIfonlyyouhadtoldmeaboutyourproblemImighthavebeenabletohelpyou.soinorderthatforfearincase(that)EG:Wehadameetingandtalkedthematteroverfacetofaceforfearthatthereshouldbeany inthatnowthat(既然)seeingthat(鉴于)EG:Seeingthatitiseighto'clock,we'llwaitnoas.asless(more.more.theEGThemorewecandoforyou,thehappierwewillbe.asif(好像asthough(好像EG:Heatcanflowfromahotbodytoacoolerbodyasifitwereafluid.so.thatsuch.atEGHeissuchanhonestmanthateveryonewouldliketotrusthim. even even whatevermatter(EGHardashetried,hefailedtopasstheexam.关系代词和关系副词——引导定语从句who,that,which,as,whose,whom等例句OnegirlwhowasrecentlyinhisclasssaidhecouldprobablymakeitinterestingtowatchgrassTheareawherethisskullwasfoundhadbeenadeeptropicalbayduringtheJurassic 前(before)后(after) 南(south)北(north) (一)intheeastontheeastintheeastEG:Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.ChinafacesthePacificontheeast.AB的东边(侧),即:AB相邻接。就用"AisontheeastofEG:GuangdongisonthesouthofHunan.在湖南南边ShangdongisonthenorthofJiangsu.如果把方位词当作一个整体看,或是看成一点,就“AisattheeastofEG:TherewasabigbattleatthenorthoftheLiaodongPeninsula.在辽东的北边有一场大战如果要表示“A位于B东面100公里处”时可以说"Aliesl00kmtotheeastofB",也可以说"Alies100kmeastofB".后者在口语中更为常见。EG:Theplanecrashed southofthecity.30Suzhoulies tothewestofShanghai.苏州位于西面50英里处(三north,south,east,west;并由此有了下东南方:southeast西南方:southwest西北方:northwestEG:TheMingTombsarelocatedabout50kmtothenorthwestofBeijing.十三陵位于西北50公里Tiajinissituatedl20kmsoutheastofBeijing.位于东南120公里处eastbynorthsouthbywestnorthbyeastsouthbyeastEG:Wearesailinginthedirectionofeastbynorth.我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。Theislandliessouthbyeastfromhere.那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向。英汉表达的不同southeastnortheastsouthwestnorthwest表示方位的名词eastthe表示方位的名词eastweston,in,to连用,来表达两地的相互位置,但涵义却各有Chapter4“发生、开始”take Eg:Seasonaldroughttakesplaceeveryyearintropicalcountrieswherethereisonlyarainyandadrycome Eg:Howdidthisdangerousstateofaffairscomeabout?这种的事态是怎么发生的?相关释义:happen related Eg:Researcherssaidtheresultsmightberelatedtosomegeneticorbiologicaldifferences,aswellasenvironmentalfactors.研究认为,该结果可能与某些遗传或生物差异以及环境因素有关。concernwithinterfereEg:WhateveryoumaysayIhavenoconcernwiththat.befocused Eg:ThesubsequentdiscussionwillbefocusedonthishiddentrendinpsychoconcentrateonEgIwishyou'dconcentrateonwhatI'msaying.但愿你能集中注意力听我讲。相关短语:beabsorbedin 例如Eg:thepainofanemotionalcrisissuchasdivorceorbereavement诸如离婚或痛失亲人等情感 example Eg:Japan,forexample,hastwolanguages.譬如说,就有两种语言according Eg:Participantswerecategorizedaccordingtoage.参加者按分组dependon依 同义:relyEg:Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheir 万物靠生长tend 同义:trendeg:Wetendtobetraditionalratherthanfashion-forwardinourdateback Eg:Thehistoryofhockeycandatebacktothousandsat Eg:Thedrugsworkwellatfirstbutgraduallylosetheiratthebeginning Eg:Thishugetriumphalarchwaserectedatthebeginningofthis atEgYou'llgetthere ifyouworkhard! of在…. ofthismonthwewillholdasports 在这个月末举行运动inthe Eg:Inthe ,they'reheadingtowardclinicaltrialswithinafew相关短语:inadvance beable Eg:Ifthesituationdemands,hemustbeabletoattendthebecapableofenablesb.todosthabilitytodosthtryone’sbesttobeinapositiontofind Eg:Theywanttofindoutthecauseandeffectoftheincident.他们要弄清事件的来龙去脉。同义词:discoverdeal Eg:Howdoyoudealwithpersistentwhowon’ttakenoforananswer? treatwithdowithsolvehandledisposeofworkout九、表示“有”做某事的短havetrouble/difficulty/problem(in)ngsth做某事有Eg:Ifyouhavetroublengthis,you'dbetterstartmasteringtheartof如果你觉得自己做不到,最好熟练的艺术开始做起。 Eg:I'vefinishedapartfromthelastquestion.inadditionEg:Youneedmoneyandtimeinaddition,youneeddiligence.你需要金钱和时间,此外你还需要except what’smoreinadditiontoChapter 第一类:表示正负(或增减如:uninimilirnonmismaldisantideunderreover-等如:semiequminimicromacromega-等如:intersupertransexextrasubinfra-等如:antepre(oprimpostretro-等如:semimonobitriquadripentamulti-等如:autococon-等dis-in-加在形容词,名词之前im-m,b,p之前il-lir-run-non-non-existence(不存在)non-electrical(非电的)non-essential(不主要的)disappear()disarm(解除)anti-Japanese(抗日)antidote(解)13.a-在名词前, ,ecstasy( hypersupersurultrahyper-sensitive(过敏的)四.表示“before”的前缀 demi-semi-uni-mono-(单一,单独)bi-di-二1.-ster–eerer(or)从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人2.-let3.-ette小的东西;东西;女cigarette,4.-ess女性5.-hood时期6.-ship才能,状态,资格,品质等7.-ful量 action,oppression,possession,education,starvationorganization 9.-ment状态,行动等10.-al动作 12.-ness;-ity(ty)状态,品质 1.- 7.-able(ible)能……的;可以……的8.- 9.- 10.-ary(ory)属于……的,与……相连的 12.-ic(ical)……类的;属于……的 2.-ward(s)表示方式或动作的方向onwrd(bckar(,hoead(seaswad(s)3.- 心是最大的,别人能骗你一时,而它却会骗你一辈子Chapter6Eg:1.Theboyruns 2.Heisaboy.IliveinBeijingwithmymother.我和我住在Ithasaroundface.说: a开始l过去式,过去分词vt.vi.IcalledAndie lherhowspectacularthestuff我打告诉安迪,那东西看上去太棒了。同义辨析:l l:普通用词,指把某事告诉或讲述给听,口语或语均可用speak:侧重于说话动作的本身,着重说话的能力而不在内容,可以是长篇大论的,也可以Whatdidsheactuallysay?YoumustbeabletospeakFrenchforthisjob.Iwishtotalkwithyouin vi.开始;首 vt.开Eg:Towardsthecitylimitsthehousesbegintothinout.【同义词】Theexcitementatthestartofaracecanreallygettheadrenalinflowing.(起跑时的激动确实能使人【派生词】短语:inthe atthebeginning n.vi.Eg:Ithinkyou'remakingaseriousmistake.was,were,have/hasbeenEg:HeisaHewasasoldiertwoyearsago.WeareChinese.look(看起来)feel(觉得,摸起来)taste(尝起来)smell(闻起来)sound(听起来)等 Shelookedtired.(她看一去很疲劳)Ifeelill.(Cottonfeelssoft.(Thestorysoundsinteresting.()Theflowerssmellsweet.()Themixturetastedhorrible.(这太难喝了 e,get,grow,turn Shebecameacollegestudent.Hefeelssick.HisfaceturnsTheweathergetswarmerandthedaysgetlongerwhenspringcomes.Hegrewold.1、 Heislookingatthepicture.(他正在看这。)Itlooksbeautiful.()2、 Ifeltsomeone yarm.(我感到有人碰Areyoufellingbettertodaythanbefore?(你今天比以前感到好些了吗3、 Mylittlebrotherlikestosmelltheapplebeforeheeatsit.(小弟弟喜欢在吃苹果前闻一闻GreatTheflowerssmellnice.(4、 Theletter“hinhourisnotsounded.(hourhThegunsoundedmuchcloser.(枪声听起来更近了) Pleasetastethesoup.(Thesouptastesterrible.(这汤尝起来味道太差了) ,Therearesomebananasonthetable.Eachofyoucangetone.(桌上有些香蕉每个人可以拿一,7、 Doyougrowriceinyourcountry?(的国家种水稻吗?)It’stoolate.It’sgrowingdark.()表示句子的否定和疑问do,does,did,have,hadEg:HedoesnotspeakEnglishwell.(Adogisrunningafteracat.(is是助动词,和runDidhehaveanymilkandbreadforhisbreakfast(他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包吗?)did是助动词,既表示一般过去时,又和动词have一起构成疑问。当”等。这类动词有can,may,must,need,dare,could,might等。它们不能单独作谓语,必须与行为动词()一起作谓语,表示完整的意思。Eg:Icandance.(我会跳舞 can,能,Hecan’twalkbecauseheisababy.()can’t,MayIcomein(我可以进来吗?)may,Chapter adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象 adv.有效地,生效地,有力地,实际上 adv.有效地,全然,实质上 adj.Eg:Since1978,theamountofmoneyavailabletobuybookshasfallenby adj.Eg:Theymayonlyhavealimitedamountoftimetogettheirpoints adj.的,限 adj. n.完成式adj.完美的;最好的;精通的vt.Eg:Hespokeperfect adj.Eg:Therecentfloodinginthesouthwasa最近南方的洪水是一场Inthemostrecentattack,onemanwasshotdead twootherswere在最近的这次中有1人被,另2人受伤词根 recentlyadv.最近;新 recentnessn.最 adj.morecomfortablemostcomfortableEg:Wealthempoweredhimtoliveacomfortablelife.使他能够过舒适的生活adjcomfortlessadvcomfortablyfortcomfortervtcomfort安慰;使(痛苦等)n.adj.adv.largerlargestadj.adv.小小地;smallersmallestimportantadj.重要的,重大的,有地位的,力的Eg:Themostimportantthinginmylifewasmycareer. adj.强大的;强有力 adv.很;非 adj. adv.Eg:They'rebothplayingexcellently. adj.Eg:Itseemedincrediblethatpeoplewouldstillwanttoplayfootballduringa adj.Eg:Accesstojusticeisabasicright.享有公正是一种基本权利。 n.adv.Eg:I'llbereadytogreetthemMeanwhileI'mofftodiscusstheFowler'spartywithFelix.howeverconj.然而;可是adv.无论如何;不管怎样Eg:Youshouldalwaysstrivetoachievemore,howeverwellyouhavedoneHoweverhardshetried,nothingseemedto conj.但是;不过;可是adj.唯一的,仅有的;最合适的adv.Eg:ThelawyerispaidonlyifheShewastheonlywomaninS'slegalnotonly…butalso…不仅...而且... adv.宁可,宁愿;相当Eg:Hewasnotonetoretreatbutratheronewhowouldtakeuptherather would or rather adv.稍微...adv. Eg:Millionsofwildflowerscolourthevalleys,especiallyinApriland adv.instead Eg:ShefritteredawayhertimeingoingtothecinemainsteadofWhydon'tyouplayfootballinsteadofjustlookingon?n.vt.vi.adj.最后的;最近的,的;仅剩的;最不可能…adv.at inthe Eg:Heranhiseyesdownthepageandfoundhisnameatlast. prep.除…之外adv.此外;而且Eg:Ithinkshehasmanygoodqualitiesbesidesbeingvery奔波是一种,让我们感受生活Chapter8positiveactivepraiseapprove二消极,否定,,,悲观、三保持中立,漠不关心,公平,公正派,neutraladj.[数][医]阳性的①There'sbeenapositiveresponsetotheUNSecretary-General'srecentpeace②Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdosure,certain,definite,sure:侧重上对某事确信无疑。definite:指已毫无怀疑的余地。positive①Makesurethepaintcoversthesurface ②Wehadnotroublefindingyourhousebecauseyourdirecti

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