专升本英语名词部分课件

2014专升本英语

三全学院

Noun主讲人：董赛

2014专升本英语

三全学院

Noun主讲人：董赛PartI.VocabularyandStructure(40points)单项选择题，40题，40分，词汇题约占55%，包括单词辨析，词组辨析；语法题约占45%，包括主谓一致，各种从句，强调句，虚拟语气，倒装，时态等。大纲规定掌握4200单词。语法复习动词的时态、主谓一致、反义疑问句、情态动词、倍数关系、强调句型、非谓语动词、独立主格、代词一致、虚拟语气，大纲里有讲解。PartI.VocabularyandStruct3.ThecollegeisplanningtooffermoreEnglishcoursesto____theneedsofbeginnersofEnglish.A.meetwith B.meet C.supply D.satisfywith3.Thecollegeisplanningto7.Themanner____whichhetalkedremindedus____hisgrandfather.A.on;towards B.at;in C.for;by D.in;of7.Themanner____whichheta35.Itwasinthefactory____youworkedfiveyearsago____youlearnedthetechnique.A.that;where B.where;when C.where;whereD.where;that35.Itwasinthefactory____阅读理解包括4篇短文。每篇短文大约250单词左右，生词不超过3%，每篇短文后有5个小题，满分40分。阅读理解OverheadbridgesarefoundinmanypartsofBeijing,especiallyinplaceswheretrafficisveryheavyandcrossingtheroadisdangerous.Thepurposeofthesebridgesistoenablepedestrianstocrossroadssafely.Overheadbridgesareusedtoverymuchthesamewayaszebracrossings.Theyaremoreefficientalthoughlessconvenientbecausepeoplehavetoclimbupalongflightofsteps.Thisisinconvenientespeciallytoolderpeople.Whenpedestriansuseanoverheadbridge,theydonotholduptraffic.However,whentheycrossabusyroadusingazebracrossing,trafficisheldup.Thisiswhythegovernmenthasbuiltmanyoverheadbridgestohelppedestriansandtokeeptrafficmovingatthesametime.Overheadbridgesarefound完形填空分英语专业和非英语专业，非英语专业一篇，单词量为200-300。其中有20个空，共20小题，满分20分。要求考生在全面理解文章内容的基础上，对每一个填空选择一个最佳答案，填空的词项包括虚词和实词。完形填空

Translation(20points)Directions:Thereare10sentencesinthissection.Pleasetranslatesentences81-85fromChineseintoEnglish,andtranslatesentences86-90fromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Translation(20points)81.你和同学相处得好吗？Doyougetalongwellwithyourclassmates?82.使我们失望的是，他没有恪守诺言。Whatdisappointedusishedidn’tkeephispromise.Hetalksaboutninetimesoutoftenwhenwehaveachat.81.你和同学相处得好吗？DoyougetalongPartV.ErrorCorrection(10points)Directions:Thereare10sentences.EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Youarerequiredtoidentifytheincorrectpart,thenwritethecorrespondingletterandthecorrectanswerontheAnswerSheet.PartV.ErrorCorrection(10PartVI.Writing(20points)Directions:Forthispart,you’rerequiredtowriteacompositiononthetopic“ThePopularityofMicroblog”.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andyourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelowandwriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.ThePopularityofMicroblog1.现代社会利用微博进行交流越来越普遍2.微博流行的原因3.自己的看法disparityPartVI.Writing(20points)Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy______ofhisthoughtfulness.A.achievementB.agreementC.viewD.appreciationIwrotehimalettertoshow1.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthat______thisyear.

A.appearB.hasappeared

C.areappearedD.haveappeared

1.Thisisoneofthebestnov58.Therearethirty-two____inourschool.A.womanteacherB.womenteacherC.womenteachersD.womanteachers58.Therearethirty-two____48.____aremadeof____.A.Aglass,aglassB.Glasses,glassC.Theglass,theglassD.Glasses,glasses48.____aremadeof____.名词考点分析1名词的分类2名词的数（复数形式）3名词的格（所有格）4主谓一致5名词的语法功能名词考点分析一、名词的分类A:专有名词(Propernouns)B:普通名词(Commonnouns)一、名词的分类A:专有名词(Propernouns)B:特指人或事物的名称,首字母必须大写，包括人名、地名、书名、月份、星期、组织结构名称等。Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,SundayJanurary一月,February二月,March三月,April四月May五月,June六月,July七月,August八月,September九月October十月,November十一月,December十二月专有名词特指人或事物的名称,首字母必须大写，包括人名、地名、书名、月普通名词Countablenouns(可数名词)Uncountablenouns(不可数名词)IndividualNouns（个体名词）CollectiveNouns（集体名词）AbstractNouns（抽象名词）MaterialNouns（物质名词）普通名词CountablenounsUncountable(1)个体名词表示单个人或事物。e.g.childstreetcityteacher(2)集体名词表示多个人或事物的总称e.g.policepeopleyouth(3)物质名词表示物质的名称，包括材料、液体、气体、食物、饮料等e.g.goldwindfoodsugarsand(4)抽象名词表示抽象概念的名称，包括表示性质、状态、情感等Happinessknowledgeinformationprogress(1)个体名词二、名词的数A:Singularnumber(单数)B:Pluralnumber(复数)

可数名词表示可以用具体数字来计算的人、事物和概念的普通名词，有单数和复数之分。可数名词的复数形式的构成方法有规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化不规则变化二、名词的数A:Singularnumber(单数)可情况加法例词一般情况，包括元音字母加y结尾的词以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词以辅音＋y结尾的词以辅音+o结尾的词以f或fe结尾的词加-s加-es去y加-ies多数加-es把f/fe改成vesbrothers;boysbuses;watches;dishes;boxesladies;countriesheroes;tomatoesleaf-leaves;knife-knives1.规则名词单复数变化:情况加法例词一般情况，包括元音字母加y结尾的词以s,x,ch2.不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,Chinese,Japanese（2）改变字母：man--men,woman--women,policeman--policemen,saleswoman--saleswomen,foot--feet,tooth--teeth,goose--geese,Mouse--Mice（3）增加字母:child--children,ox--oxen2.不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:sheep,d(4)以o结尾的词：加s:photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo加es:tomato,potato,hero,Negro另：zero（zeros或

zeroes）

(5)以f或fe结尾的词:

直接加s：proofs;gulfs;cliffs;roofs;serfs;beliefs;chiefs;safes一个首领(chief)带着一个农奴(serf)在海湾(gulf)的悬崖(cliff)上发现一个屋顶(roof)上面有个保险箱(safe)另外：handkerchief（handkerchiefs或handkerchieves）(4)以o结尾的词：3.特殊名词:集体名词：police,cattle,people,theyouth(2)只有复数形式的名词:

clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,compasses（指南针）,scissors（剪刀）,

3.特殊名词:集体名词：1.集体名词family(家庭)，team(队)，class(班)，audience(听众)等其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义。比较：Thisclassconsistsof45pupils.这个班由45个学生组成。ThisclassarestudyingEnglishnow.这个班的学生在学习英语。1.集体名词family(家庭)，team(队)，clas2.集体名词police,cattle,people,theyouth其用法特点为：只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语用复数；不与a(n)连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如：Peoplewilllaughatyou.人们会笑你的。Thepolicearelookingforhim.警察在找他。Forthesemanycattlewerekilled.就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜。2.集体名词police,cattle,peopl3.只有复数形式的名词:

clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,compasses（指南针）,scissors（剪刀）,

其用法特点是：只有复数形式(当然也表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语也用复数)，但通常不与数词连用。如：Suchclothesareveryexpensive.那样的衣服很贵。Towhomdothesegoodsbelong?这些书是谁的？3.只有复数形式的名词:4.baggage/luggage(行李),clothing(衣服),furniture(家具),machinery(机器),poetry(诗),scenery(风景)scene,jewelry(珠宝)，equipment(设备)，information(信息)等其用法特点为：是不可数名词，只用单数形式，不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)，没有复数形式。如：Ourclothingprotectsusfrom[against]thecold.我们的衣服可以御寒。Haveyoucheckedallyourbaggage?你所有行李都托运了吗?4.baggage/luggage(行李),clot一些特殊名词有没有s结尾意义不同：cloth(织物)–clothes(衣服）sand(沙，沙子–sands(沙漠),time–times(时代),paper–papers(论文),experience(经验)–experiences(经历),custom(习惯)---customs(海关；关税)

green(绿色)---greens(青菜)

姓氏后加s并带冠词，表一家人或夫妇俩:theGreens；theChengs一些特殊名词以s结尾但不表示复数:mathematics数学,physics物理学,politics政治,statistics统计学,news新闻，以s结尾但不表示复数:1The

staff

__________（have）gone

for

their

lunch．

The

present

government,which

hasn't

been

in

powerlong，_________（be）trying

to

control

inflation.It

isn't

having

much

success．

4．The

government，who

__________（be）

looking

for

a

quick

victory，are

calling

for

a

general

election

soon．

5．The

jury

__________（be）divided

in

opinion．

1The

staff

__________（have）gon6．The

committee

__________（have）held

its

first

m

eeting．

7Almost

every

family

in

this

village

__________（have）a

man

in

the

army．

8．The

whole

family

__________（be）in

tears．

6．The

committee

__________（havThepolice____toreporttoheadquartersimmediately.

A.arerequiredB.isrequiredC.requiredD.require

Thepolice____toreportto4.关于国籍的单复数变化(1)单复数同形如：Chinese,Japanese等。当它们与定冠词连用时，表示复数或总称。a)TheChinesearehard-working.(2)变man为men。如：Englishman,Frenchman,Dutchman等。anEnglishman-----------twoEnglishmenaFrenchman-----------twoFrenchmenaDutchman-----------twoDutchmen4.关于国籍的单复数变化(3)与普通名词变化相同，即词尾加-s。如：American,German,Italian，Russian等。如：a)HeisanAmerican.b)TheyareGermans.需要注意的是，如果这些词前面没有加任何冠词，也没有单复数变化时，其词性为形容词，与作名词时含义稍有不同。试比较：a)HeisEnglish.（指他的国籍是英国。）b)HeisanEnglishman.（指他是英国公民。）(3)与普通名词变化相同，即词尾加-s。如：America名称总称(谓语用复数）一个人两个人中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks名称总称(谓语用复数）一个人两个人中国人theChines法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermantwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFr5.复合名词的复数形式：

①将复合名词中的主体名词变为复数（有名词）：

looker(s)-on,passer(s)-by,mother(s)-in-law旁观者过路人岳母②将最后一部分变为复数（无名词）：

grown-up(s),go-between(s)

(中间人），

good-for-nothing(s)

(无用之人）

③含boy,girl,lady等的合成的名词：它们始终为单数，其后的名词则用复数形式。如：

boystudents,girlfriends,ladydrivers

④含man或woman的合成名词：它们随其后名词单复数的变化而变化。如：

amandoctor,twomendoctors

5.复合名词的复数形式：6.名词只能用复数形式的短语：doexercises

（做操）takenotes

(做笔记）taketurns

（轮流）makerepairs

（搞修理）changetrains（改换火车）makefriendswith

（交朋友）shakehandswith

(握手）asfollows

（如下）inrags

（衣衫褴褛）indozens

（成打的）6.名词只能用复数形式的短语：

单复数相同的情况：sheep;deer;means;fish;works;Chinese;Japanese以及由汉语音译表示度量衡、货币等单位的名词。Eg:yuan,jiao,fen,jin,muWhenthefarmerreturnedhomehefoundthree______missing.A．sheepsB．sheepesC．sheepD．sheepies单复数相同的情况：WhenthefarmerretuMrSmithhastwo______,bothofwhomareteachersinaschool.A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws

C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-inlaw以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加–s。如：grown-ups。MrSmithhastwo______,bothThereareonlytwo_____inthehospital.

A．boy

students B．boys

studentC．boys

students D．boy

studentThereareonlytwelve_____inthehospital.

A．womandoctors B．womendoctorsC．womendoctor D．womandoctorman,woman,gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。

如：amanworker→menworkers

awomanteacher→womenteachers

agentlemanofficial→gentlemenofficialsThereareonlytwo_____inthIttookusquitealongtimetogethere.Itwasa________journey.

A.three-hour B.athreehour

C.athree-hour D.threehours

“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。如：aten-milewalk；afive-yearplan

但是如果不用连字符，就需用复数的所有格。Ittookusquitealongtimet国籍的单复数Some______visitedourschoollastWednesday.

A．German B．Germen

C．Germans D．Germens国家人的名词需要记住三种情况：1、单复数同形：Chinese;Japanese;Swiss2、需要变形：English-Englishman3、加–s或-es：German–Germans国籍的单复数国家人的名词需要记住三种情况：三、名词的格(Case)A:通格(Commoncase):主格(Subjectcase)

宾格(Objectcase)B:所有格(Possessivecase)1.～’s属格：

原则上只用于表示有生命的人或物的名词。如：

theteacher’sbook;thehorse’stail

然而，时间、距离、太阳、地球、月亮、江河、海洋、船只、国家、城市、团体机构等名词也可以用～’s属格。三、名词的格(Case)A:通格(Commoncase)用于表时间的名词后：tomorrow’sweather明天的天气 today’snewspaper今天的报纸比较：tenminutes’break=aten-minutebreak10分钟的休息(2)用于表国家、城市的名词后：America’spolicy美国的政策 thecity’spopulation这个城市的人口(3)用于某些集合名词,组织机构后：thegovernment’spolicy政府的政策

thestation’swaiting-room车站候车室用于表时间的名词后：①一般的名词，包括不以s结尾的复数名词，在词后加’s。如：thechildren’sbook②以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格形式只在词后加～’。如：theteachers’office

③两者或两者以上共有的所有格形式只在后者用所有格形式，如:TomandMike’sroom若表示分别拥有时，则要在每个名词后用所有格形式，如:Tom’sandMike’srooms

1.1～’s属格的构成①一般的名词，包括不以s结尾的复数名词，1.1～’s属格1．如果一样东西为几个人所共有，则只在最后一个名词上加“’s”。如：

LucyandLily’sfatherisateacher．

露茜和莉莉的爸爸是名教师。

2．如果所指事物不是两人共有，而是各自所有，则应在每一个名词后加“’s”。如：

Lucy’sandMary’smothersareteachers．

露茜的妈妈和玛丽的妈妈都是医生。对比翻译：LucyandLily’sfatherisateacher．Lucy’sandMary’smothersareteachers．1．如果一样东西为几个人所共有，则只在最后一个名词上加“2.of～属格：

多用于无生命现象的名词，也可用于有生命现象的名词；当一个名词有较长的定语时，就只能用of～短语来表示所有关系。如：thecoverofthebook;atoyofLiPing’syoungerbrother3．双重属格：既有～’s的属格，又有of～的属格。通常～’s属格表示所有关系，of属格表示部分与整体的关系。如:afriendofmyfather’s;abookofTom’s4.表示“某人自己的”的属格:用ofone’sown表示，不可用of＋反身代词。例如：Thisisthehouseofmyown.2.of～属格：1．Thisis＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（李雷的家庭）．

2．Isthat＿＿＿＿＿__________＿（比尔家的一幅照片）？

3．What’s＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（汤姆妹妹的名字）？

4．Thisis＿＿＿＿＿＿＿__________（莉莉和露茜的)room．

5．Theyare＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（格林夫人的儿子）．

6．It’smy＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（mother）bag．

Lilei’sfamily.aphotoofBill’sfamily?thenameofTom’ssisterLilyandLucy’sMrs.Green’ssonmother’sbag1．Thisis＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（李雷的家庭）．

2．I主谓一致Eithertheteachersortheprincipal____themeeting.

A.attendsB.attendC.areattendingD.haveattended

Eachsoldierandsailor_____givenariflewhentheshiplanded.A.wereB.wasC.areD.is主谓一致Eithertheteachersorth1.AandB谓语动词用复数。HeandIattendthisEnglishexam.1.AandB谓语动词用复数。

2．AorB谓语形式跟后不跟前由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。

Eitheryouoryoursecretaryhastocheckoverthespeechdraftandcorrectthemistakes.要么是你要么是你的秘书必须检查一下演讲稿并把错误改过来。2．AorB谓语形式跟后不跟前3．AwithB谓语形式跟前不跟后如果主语后面带有aswellas，asmuchas，nolessthan，along

with，with，like，ratherthan，togetherwith，but，except，besides，including，inadditionto等引导的短语时，句中谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的单复数。Dr.Smith，togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters，isgoingtovisitBeijingthissummerDr.Smith将在今年夏天和妻子女儿们一起游览北京。Inmyopinion，heratherthanyou，istoblame.依我看来，他，而不是你该受遣责。3．AwithB谓语形式跟前不跟后4.就近一致：Therebe结构中be的形式取决于靠近be的名词，若是单数名词，则be为is/was;若是复数名词，则be为are/were（即第１条中的“就近原则”）。例如：Thereisadesk,twochairsandthreesofasintheroom.Therearetwentystudentsandateacherinthisroom.4.就近一致：Therebe结构中be的形式取决于靠近5.集体名词像school,class,family,team,groupgovernment等这类群体名词，其后谓语可能是单数形式，也可能是复数形式。通常视其为一个整体单位时，用单数谓语；视其为群体成员时，则用复数谓语。像police,clothes,trousers这类复数概念名词，其后总是跟复数谓语。thewoundedtheyouth后总是跟复数谓语。5.集体名词6．特殊短语与词汇如果主语由“morethanone＋n.”或“manya＋n.”构成，谓语动词用单数形式；如果主语由“more＋复数名词＋thanone”构成，谓语动词一般用复数形式。Morethanoneboylikestoplaybasketballwhilemanyagirlisgoodatplayingbaseball.不止一个男孩喜欢打篮球然而不止一个女生善长打棒球。

Anumberof+名词后面加用复数谓语Thenumberof用单数6．特殊短语与词汇由each，every，no所修饰的作主语的名词即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数形式。EveryboyandeverygirlwishestoattendtheEnglisheveningpartytobeheldonSaturday.每个女生和男生希望参加星期天举办的英语晚会。由each，every，no所修饰的作主语的名词即使有and7.从句who/why/how/whether/if/than引导的名词从句＋单谓例：Howhegotthereisunknown./Whyshediditremainsapuzzle./It’sluckythatheisstillalive.7.从句Eachsoldierandsailor_____givenariflewhentheshiplanded.A.wereB.wasC.areD.isMorethanoneperson_____involved(卷入)inthecase.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveEachsoldierandsailor_____gHeistheonlyoneofourcustomerswho____thiskindofarticle.A.likeB.likesC.arefondofD.lovedHeistheonlyoneofourcust五、名词在句子中的作用（Function)功能

例子主语Bushwaselectedpresident.表语Thesearenotgoatsbutsheep.宾语Shewasreadingabook.同位语Mr.Smith,themanager,willhostthemeeting.定语Youaresupposedtogatherattheschoolgate.补语MarxmadeLondonthebaseofrevolution.状语Thecouplewalkedshouldertoshoulder.呼语Bequiet,children.连词Themomenttheysawthetower,theycheered.五、名词在句子中的作用（Function)功能下面是典型的不可数名词，是应该熟记的！！

water,oil,soup,juice,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea,coffee,wine,sunlight,sunshine,lightning,thunder,weather,darkness,heat,light,electricity,energy,power,sugar,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,garbage,grass,hair,furniture,luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,toast,stone,iron,copper,chalk,paper,

glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weaponry,personnel,scenery,air,smoke,steam,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen['naitrədʒən]n.下面是典型的不可数名词，是应该熟记的！！

water,oihappiness,kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wisdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth,ignorance,trouble,ease,luck,laughter,love,peace,news,information,knowledge,intelligence,fun,pleasure,entertainment,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work,homework,population,percent,mathematics,economics,statistics,architecture,physics,photography,politics,mechanics,genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,philosophy,biology,history,music,English,measles,mumps,happiness,kindness,honesty,

2014专升本英语

三全学院

Noun主讲人：董赛

2014专升本英语

三全学院

Noun主讲人：董赛PartI.VocabularyandStructure(40points)单项选择题，40题，40分，词汇题约占55%，包括单词辨析，词组辨析；语法题约占45%，包括主谓一致，各种从句，强调句，虚拟语气，倒装，时态等。大纲规定掌握4200单词。语法复习动词的时态、主谓一致、反义疑问句、情态动词、倍数关系、强调句型、非谓语动词、独立主格、代词一致、虚拟语气，大纲里有讲解。PartI.VocabularyandStruct3.ThecollegeisplanningtooffermoreEnglishcoursesto____theneedsofbeginnersofEnglish.A.meetwith B.meet C.supply D.satisfywith3.Thecollegeisplanningto7.Themanner____whichhetalkedremindedus____hisgrandfather.A.on;towards B.at;in C.for;by D.in;of7.Themanner____whichheta35.Itwasinthefactory____youworkedfiveyearsago____youlearnedthetechnique.A.that;where B.where;when C.where;whereD.where;that35.Itwasinthefactory____阅读理解包括4篇短文。每篇短文大约250单词左右，生词不超过3%，每篇短文后有5个小题，满分40分。阅读理解OverheadbridgesarefoundinmanypartsofBeijing,especiallyinplaceswheretrafficisveryheavyandcrossingtheroadisdangerous.Thepurposeofthesebridgesistoenablepedestrianstocrossroadssafely.Overheadbridgesareusedtoverymuchthesamewayaszebracrossings.Theyaremoreefficientalthoughlessconvenientbecausepeoplehavetoclimbupalongflightofsteps.Thisisinconvenientespeciallytoolderpeople.Whenpedestriansuseanoverheadbridge,theydonotholduptraffic.However,whentheycrossabusyroadusingazebracrossing,trafficisheldup.Thisiswhythegovernmenthasbuiltmanyoverheadbridgestohelppedestriansandtokeeptrafficmovingatthesametime.Overheadbridgesarefound完形填空分英语专业和非英语专业，非英语专业一篇，单词量为200-300。其中有20个空，共20小题，满分20分。要求考生在全面理解文章内容的基础上，对每一个填空选择一个最佳答案，填空的词项包括虚词和实词。完形填空

Translation(20points)Directions:Thereare10sentencesinthissection.Pleasetranslatesentences81-85fromChineseintoEnglish,andtranslatesentences86-90fromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Translation(20points)81.你和同学相处得好吗？Doyougetalongwellwithyourclassmates?82.使我们失望的是，他没有恪守诺言。Whatdisappointedusishedidn’tkeephispromise.Hetalksaboutninetimesoutoftenwhenwehaveachat.81.你和同学相处得好吗？DoyougetalongPartV.ErrorCorrection(10points)Directions:Thereare10sentences.EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Youarerequiredtoidentifytheincorrectpart,thenwritethecorrespondingletterandthecorrectanswerontheAnswerSheet.PartV.ErrorCorrection(10PartVI.Writing(20points)Directions:Forthispart,you’rerequiredtowriteacompositiononthetopic“ThePopularityofMicroblog”.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andyourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelowandwriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.ThePopularityofMicroblog1.现代社会利用微博进行交流越来越普遍2.微博流行的原因3.自己的看法disparityPartVI.Writing(20points)Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy______ofhisthoughtfulness.A.achievementB.agreementC.viewD.appreciationIwrotehimalettertoshow1.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthat______thisyear.

A.appearB.hasappeared

C.areappearedD.haveappeared

1.Thisisoneofthebestnov58.Therearethirty-two____inourschool.A.womanteacherB.womenteacherC.womenteachersD.womanteachers58.Therearethirty-two____48.____aremadeof____.A.Aglass,aglassB.Glasses,glassC.Theglass,theglassD.Glasses,glasses48.____aremadeof____.名词考点分析1名词的分类2名词的数（复数形式）3名词的格（所有格）4主谓一致5名词的语法功能名词考点分析一、名词的分类A:专有名词(Propernouns)B:普通名词(Commonnouns)一、名词的分类A:专有名词(Propernouns)B:特指人或事物的名称,首字母必须大写，包括人名、地名、书名、月份、星期、组织结构名称等。Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,SundayJanurary一月,February二月,March三月,April四月May五月,June六月,July七月,August八月,September九月October十月,November十一月,December十二月专有名词特指人或事物的名称,首字母必须大写，包括人名、地名、书名、月普通名词Countablenouns(可数名词)Uncountablenouns(不可数名词)IndividualNouns（个体名词）CollectiveNouns（集体名词）AbstractNouns（抽象名词）MaterialNouns（物质名词）普通名词CountablenounsUncountable(1)个体名词表示单个人或事物。e.g.childstreetcityteacher(2)集体名词表示多个人或事物的总称e.g.policepeopleyouth(3)物质名词表示物质的名称，包括材料、液体、气体、食物、饮料等e.g.goldwindfoodsugarsand(4)抽象名词表示抽象概念的名称，包括表示性质、状态、情感等Happinessknowledgeinformationprogress(1)个体名词二、名词的数A:Singularnumber(单数)B:Pluralnumber(复数)

可数名词表示可以用具体数字来计算的人、事物和概念的普通名词，有单数和复数之分。可数名词的复数形式的构成方法有规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化不规则变化二、名词的数A:Singularnumber(单数)可情况加法例词一般情况，包括元音字母加y结尾的词以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词以辅音＋y结尾的词以辅音+o结尾的词以f或fe结尾的词加-s加-es去y加-ies多数加-es把f/fe改成vesbrothers;boysbuses;watches;dishes;boxesladies;countriesheroes;tomatoesleaf-leaves;knife-knives1.规则名词单复数变化:情况加法例词一般情况，包括元音字母加y结尾的词以s,x,ch2.不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,Chinese,Japanese（2）改变字母：man--men,woman--women,policeman--policemen,saleswoman--saleswomen,foot--feet,tooth--teeth,goose--geese,Mouse--Mice（3）增加字母:child--children,ox--oxen2.不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:sheep,d(4)以o结尾的词：加s:photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo加es:tomato,potato,hero,Negro另：zero（zeros或

zeroes）

(5)以f或fe结尾的词:

直接加s：proofs;gulfs;cliffs;roofs;serfs;beliefs;chiefs;safes一个首领(chief)带着一个农奴(serf)在海湾(gulf)的悬崖(cliff)上发现一个屋顶(roof)上面有个保险箱(safe)另外：handkerchief（handkerchiefs或handkerchieves）(4)以o结尾的词：3.特殊名词:集体名词：police,cattle,people,theyouth(2)只有复数形式的名词:

clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,compasses（指南针）,scissors（剪刀）,

3.特殊名词:集体名词：1.集体名词family(家庭)，team(队)，class(班)，audience(听众)等其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义。比较：Thisclassconsistsof45pupils.这个班由45个学生组成。ThisclassarestudyingEnglishnow.这个班的学生在学习英语。1.集体名词family(家庭)，team(队)，clas2.集体名词police,cattle,people,theyouth其用法特点为：只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语用复数；不与a(n)连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如：Peoplewilllaughatyou.人们会笑你的。Thepolicearelookingforhim.警察在找他。Forthesemanycattlewerekilled.就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜。2.集体名词police,cattle,peopl3.只有复数形式的名词:

clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,compasses（指南针）,scissors（剪刀）,

其用法特点是：只有复数形式(当然也表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语也用复数)，但通常不与数词连用。如：Suchclothesareveryexpensive.那样的衣服很贵。Towhomdothesegoodsbelong?这些书是谁的？3.只有复数形式的名词:4.baggage/luggage(行李),clothing(衣服),furniture(家具),machinery(机器),poetry(诗),scenery(风景)scene,jewelry(珠宝)，equipment(设备)，information(信息)等其用法特点为：是不可数名词，只用单数形式，不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)，没有复数形式。如：Ourclothingprotectsusfrom[against]thecold.我们的衣服可以御寒。Haveyoucheckedallyourbaggage?你所有行李都托运了吗?4.baggage/luggage(行李),clot一些特殊名词有没有s结尾意义不同：cloth(织物)–clothes(衣服）sand(沙，沙子–sands(沙漠),time–times(时代),paper–papers(论文),experience(经验)–experiences(经历),custom(习惯)---customs(海关；关税)

green(绿色)---greens(青菜)

姓氏后加s并带冠词，表一家人或夫妇俩:theGreens；theChengs一些特殊名词以s结尾但不表示复数:mathematics数学,physics物理学,politics政治,statistics统计学,news新闻，以s结尾但不表示复数:1The

staff

__________（have）gone

for

their

lunch．

The

present

government,which

hasn't

been

in

powerlong，_________（be）trying

to

control

inflation.It

isn't

having

much

success．

4．The

government，who

__________（be）

looking

for

a

quick

victory，are

calling

for

a

general

election

soon．

5．The

jury

__________（be）divided

in

opinion．

1The

staff

__________（have）gon6．The

committee

__________（have）held

its

first

m

eeting．

7Almost

every

family

in

this

village

__________（have）a

man

in

the

army．

8．The

whole

family

__________（be）in

tears．

6．The

committee

__________（havThepolice____toreporttoheadquartersimmediately.

A.arerequiredB.isrequiredC.requiredD.require

Thepolice____toreportto4.关于国籍的单复数变化(1)单复数同形如：Chinese,Japanese等。当它们与定冠词连用时，表示复数或总称。a)TheChinesearehard-working.(2)变man为men。如：Englishman,Frenchman,Dutchman等。anEnglishman-----------twoEnglishmenaFrenchman-----------twoFrenchmenaDutchman-----------twoDutchmen4.关于国籍的单复数变化(3)与普通名词变化相同，即词尾加-s。如：American,German,Italian，Russian等。如：a)HeisanAmerican.b)TheyareGermans.需要注意的是，如果这些词前面没有加任何冠词，也没有单复数变化时，其词性为形容词，与作名词时含义稍有不同。试比较：a)HeisEnglish.（指他的国籍是英国。）b)HeisanEnglishman.（指他是英国公民。）(3)与普通名词变化相同，即词尾加-s。如：America名称总称(谓语用复数）一个人两个人中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks名称总称(谓语用复数）一个人两个人中国人theChines法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermantwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedisha