物理学专业词汇(基础版)

Aa.c.generator交流发电机aberration光行差，像差absoluteindexofrefraction绝对折射率absoluterefractiveindex绝对折射率absolutetemperaturescale绝对温标absolutezero绝对零度absorber吸收体absorbingpower吸收能力,吸收本领absorptance吸收比absorption吸收absorptioncoefficient吸收系数absorptionline吸收谱线absorptionspectrum吸收光谱，吸收谱accelerate力口速acceleration力口速度accelerationduetogravity重力加速度acceleration-timegraph力口速度一时间关系线图accelerator力口速器acceptor接受体acceptordoping受体掺杂acceptorimpurity受体杂质accommodation调节，视觉调节accumulator蓄电池accuracy准确度acetatestrip醋酸酯条片achromatic消色差的achromaticaberration消色差achromaticcondenser消色差聚光透镜achromaticlight消色差光，白光acousticblur声响模糊acousticboard吸音板，吸声板acousticnavigation声响导航acousticpressure声压acoustics声学acton施于action作用量，作用，作用力actionofpoint尖端作用activation激活，活化activationenergy激活能，活化能activenucleus活性核，放射性核activity放射强度，放射性adapter接合器adder力口法器adhesion附着力，附着，黏附adhesiveforce附着力adiabatic绝热的adiabaticexpansion绝热膨胀adiabaticprocess绝热过程aerial天线aerialinduction天线调谐电感aerialnetwork天线网络aerodynamicforce气动力，空气动力aerodynamics气体动力学，空气动力学aerofoil机翼agent齐Uairblower吹风器aircolumn空气柱，气柱aircushion气垫airdamping空气阻尼airfilm气膜airtrack气垫导航airwedge气楔alignment对准，校整alphadecayalphaparticle粒而alphaparticlescatteringanalogue粒子放射模拟alternatingcurrent交流电alternatingvoltage交变电压，交流电压alternator交流发电机altimeter高度计，测高仪americiumammeter安培计amorphous非结晶的，无定形的ampere安培，安ampere-hour安培小时，安时amplification放大，放大率amplifier放大器amplify放大amplitude振幅amplitudemodulation调幅，振幅调剂amylacetate醋酸戊酯anaemia贫血analogue模拟analogueexperiment模拟实验analoguesignal仿真讯号，非数字讯号analogue-to-digitalconversion模拟转换analyser检偏振器ANDgate「与」门anemometer风速计aneroidbarometer无液气压计，空盒气压计angleofcontact接触角angleofdeviation偏向角angleofdiffraction衍射角,绕射角angleofdip倾角angleofelevation仰角angleofemergence出射角angleofincidence入射角angleofinclination倾角angleofminimumdeviation最小偏向角angleofprojection投射角angleofreflection反射角angleofrefraction折射角angleoftwist扭转角angstrom埃angularacceleration角力口速度angularaperture孑L径张角angulardisplacement角位移angularfrequency角频率angularimpulse角冲量angularmagnification角度放大，角放大率angularmomentum角动量，动量矩angularmotion角向运动，角运动angularseed角速率angularvelocity角速度angularwidth角宽度annealing退火，韧化anode阳极，正极anomalousexpansion反常膨胀antenna天线anticlockwisemoment逆时针力矩antifreeze防冻剂Jantinodalline腹线antinode波腹antiparticle反粒子antiphase反相，逆相aperture孑L径，口径，孑Lapparentdepth视深apparentexpansion表观膨胀，视膨胀apparentfrequency表观频率，视频率apparentlossinweight表观失重apparentweight表观重量Appletonlayer阿普顿层，F电离层aqueouslayer水层Archimedes'principle阿基米得原理area面积argon瀛armature电本区artificialdisintegration人工蜕变artificialradioactivity人工放射astable非稳态的astablecircuit非稳态电路astablemultivibrator非态多谐振荡器astigmatism像散，散光astronomicaltelescope天文望远镜atinfinity在无穷远处atrest静止atmosphere大气，大气层，大气压atmosphericpressure大气压强atom原子atomicbomb原子弹atomicbond原子键atomicdensity原子密度atomicdiameter原子直径atomicenergy原子能atomicmass原子质量atomicmassunit原子质量单位atomicmodel原子模型atomicnucleus原子核atomicnumber原子序数atomicradius原子半径atomicseparation原子间足巨atomicspacing原子间距atomicstructure原子结构atomictheory原子论atomizer喷雾器attenuation衰减attraction吸弓Iattractiveforce吸力audiblefrequencyrange听频范围audiblesignal可听讯号audiofrequency声频autofocus自动聚焦，自动对隹八、、Balmerseries巴耳末系，巴biconcavelens双凹透镜avalanche电子雪崩耳末光谱biconvexlens双凸透镜averageacceleration平均力口bandspectrum带状光谱，带bicycledynamo自行车发电速度状谱机，脚踏车发电机averagepower平均功率bandwidth带宽bifilarpendulum双线摆averagespeed平均速率barcode条形码bifocallens双焦距透镜averagevelocity平均速度barmagnet磁棒bigbangmodel大爆炸模型Avogadroconstant阿佛加德barewire裸线bimetallicstrip双层金属片，罗常数，阿佛加德罗常量barium钢双金属片Avogadronumber阿佛加德barometer气压计binaryadder二进力口法器罗数barrier障碍物binarysystem二进制Avogadro'slaw阿佛加德罗barrierlayer阻档层，耗尽层binding结合定律barrierpotentialdifference阻bindingenergy结合能axial轴向的，沿轴的档层电势差，阻档层电位差binoculars双筒望远镜axialfield轴向场Barton'spendulums巴尔通Biot-Savartlaw毕奥一萨伐axialsearchcoil轴向探察线摆尔定律图base基极bipolar双极的axis轴basecurrent基极电流birefraction双折射axisofrotation转轴battery电池组batterycharger电池充电器bistable双稳态的，双稳器bistablecircuit双稳电路Bbatteryholder电池座beaker烧杯bistablemultivibrator双稳态多谐振荡器backe.m.f.反电动势beamsplitter分束器，射束分bit二进制制，位backgroundradiation本底辐离器blackbodyradiation黑体辐射beat拍射Bainbridgemassspectrometerbeatfrequency拍频blockandtackle滑轮组班布里奇质谱仪becquerel贝克勒耳，贝克blockdiagram方框图balance天平，秤，平衡bel贝尔，贝blockingcapacitor隔直流电balancearm秤杆，平衡臂belljar钟形罩器容balancepoint平衡点benchmat实验台垫blooming敷霜，表面加膜balancebridge平衡电桥Bernoulli'stheorem伯努禾UBohratom玻尔原子balancedforce平衡力定律Bohrradius玻尔半径ballbearing球轴承，滚珠轴beryllium钺Bohrtheory玻尔理论承betadecayboil沸腾，煮沸ballisticgalvanometer冲击betaparticle粒不boiler锅炉电流计，冲击检流计biasingcircuit偏压电路boilingpoint沸点ballisticpendulum冲击摆biasingvoltage偏压bolometer辐射热计Boltzmannconstant玻耳兹曼常数，玻耳兹曼常量bombardment轰击bondenergy键能bonding键合Bourdongauge布尔登气压计bowwave弓形波，舷波Boyle'slaw博伊尔定律Brackettseries布喇开系，布喇开光谱Braggangle布喇格角Braggdiffraction布喇格衍射，布喇格绕射Braggplane布喇格平面Bragg'slaw布喇格定律brake制动器breakdownpotential击穿电势，击穿电位breakingpoint断点breakingstrength抗断强度breakingstress致断应力breederreactor增殖反应堆bremsstrahlung轲致辐射Brewster'slaw布鲁斯特定律bridgecircuit桥式电路bridgerectifier桥式整流器brightfringe亮纹brightness亮度brittle脆的，易碎的bromine溟Brownianmovement布朗运动brush电刷bubblechamber气泡室bubbleraftmodel泡筏模型buffer缓冲器buffercircuit缓冲电路bulkmodulus体积弹性模量Bunsenburner本生灯buoyancy浮力burette滴定管burettestand滴定管架burglaralarm防盗警报器，防盗警钟buzzer蜂鸣器by-pass旁路byte二进制组，字节Ccable电缆cadmiumsulphide硫化镉caesium葩calcite方解石calibrate校准，标上刻度calipers测径器，卡钳calorie卡路里，卡calorimeter量热器camera照相机cancercell癌细胞candela坎德拉cantilever悬臂capacitance电容capacitancesubstitutionbox换值电容箱capacitivecircuit电容电路capacitivecomponent电容性分量capacitivecoupling电容耦合capacitivedischarge电容性放电capacitivereactance容抗capacitor电容器capacitor-inputfilter电容输入滤波器capacity容量，载量capillarity毛细现象，毛细作用capillarydepression毛细下降capillaryrise毛细上升capillarytube毛细管capsule囊capture俘获carbon碳carbongranule碳颗粒carbonpaperdisc圆形碳纸carbon-14dating碳14年代测定法carburettor化油器，汽化器carrierwave载波carry进位castoroil菌麻油cataract白内障cathode阴极，负极cathoderay阴极射线cathoderaydeflectiontube阴极射线偏转管cathode-rayoscilloscope阴极射线示波器，示波器cathode-raytube阴极射线管cavityresonator空月型共振器celestialtelescope天体望远镜cell电池，细胞Celsiustemperaturescale摄氏温标centimetre厘米centralizedlowvoltagepowersupplyunit中央控制低压电源箱centreofcurvature曲率中心centreofgravity重心centreofmass质心centreofoscillation振荡中心centre-tappedtransformer中心抽头变压器centrifugalforce离心力centrifuge离心机centripetalacceleration向心加速度centripetalforce向心力Chadwick查德威克chainreaction连锁反应changeofstate物态变化change-overswitch换向开关characteristic特性，特征characteristiccurve特性曲线characteristicline特征线，特征谱characteristicspectrum特征光谱，特征谱charge电荷，充电，起电chargecarrier载荷子chargeconservation电荷守恒chargedensity电荷密度chargedistribution电荷分布chargetomassratio荷质比chargedparticle带电粒子chargingbycontact接触起电chargingbyfriction摩擦生电chargingbyinduction感应起电chargingbysharing授受起电chargingtimeconstant充电时间常数，充电时间常量Charles'slaw查理定律choke扼流，抗流，扼流圈，抗流圈chokecircuit扼流电路，抗流电路chromaticaberration色差chromaticdispersion色散cinefilmsoundtrack电影胶片声迹circleofleastconfusion最少模糊圈，明晰圈circuit电路circuitboard电路板circuitbreaker断路器circuitsymbol电路符号circularcoil环形线圈circularmotion圆周运动circularorbit圆周轨道circularpulse圆形脉冲circularwave圆形波circularwavefront圆形波阵面，圆形波前clamp夹钳，夹紧clap-echomethod「拍掌——回声」法cleave裂开clinicalthermometer体温计clip夹子clockwisemoment顺时针力矩closedcircuit闭合电路closedpipe闭管closedtube闭管closed-loopcontrolsystem死循环控制系统closed-loopgain死循环增益closed-loopvoltagegain死循环电压增益closelypacked密堆积的cloudchamber云室cloudchambertrack云室径迹coaxial共轴，同轴coaxialcable同轴电缆，同轴cobalt钻code编码coder编码器coefficientofdynamicfriction动摩擦系数coefficientoffriction摩擦系数coefficientofrestitution恢复系数coefficientofstaticfriction静摩擦系数coefficientofviscosity黍占滞系数coherent相干的cohesion内聚力，内聚cohesiveforce内聚力coil线圈collector集电极，集极collectorcurrent集电极电流，集极电流collimator准直管，准直仪collision碰撞colour颜色colourcode色码，色标combinationallogic组合逻辑commonemitter共发射极common-modevoltage共模电压commutator换向器compass指南针，罗盘completecircuit完整电路component组件，分量，组分componentofforce分力compoundmicroscope复式显微镜compoundpendulum复摆compressedgas压缩气体compressibility可压缩性，压缩系数，压缩率compressiblefluid可压缩性流体compression密部，压缩compressionspringbalance压缩弹簧天平concave凹concavelens凹透镜concavemirror凹镜，凹面镜concentriccapacitor同心电容器condensation凝结，凝聚condensationnucleus凝结核，凝聚核condensationpoint凝点，凝结点condenser聚光器，电容器，冷凝器conductance电导conductivity传导性，传导率conductor导体conicalpendulum锥摆conjugatefoci共轲焦点conservationofangularmomentum角动量守恒conversationofcharge电荷守恒conservationofenergy能量守恒conservationofmechanicalenergy机械能守恒conservationofmomentum动量守恒conservativeforce守恒力，保守力conserved守恒constantacceleration恒力口速度constantangularacceleration恒角加速度constantangularvelocity恒角速度constantforce恒力constantmotion恒速运动constantpressure定压constantspeed恒速率constanttemperature定温constantvelocity恒速度constantvolume定容constantvolumegasthermometer定容气体温度计constantan康铜constriction颈缩constructiveinterference相长干涉contactangle接触角contactarea接触面积contactforce接触力continuityequation连续性方程continuousspectrum连续光谱，连续谱continuouswave连续波contract收缩controlexperiment对照实验，比对实验controlgrid控制栅极controlrod控制棒controlsystem控制系统convection对流converge会聚converginglens会聚透镜convergingmirror会聚镜convex凸convexlens凸透镜convexmirror凸镜，凸面镜coolant冷却剂coolingbyevaporation蒸发致冷coolingcorrection冷去修正coolingcurve冷去口曲线coolingeffect冷去效应coolingsystem冷却系统，散热系统coplanarforces共面力core心，核心Coriolisforce科里奥利力corkscrewrule螺旋法则cornea角膜coronadischarge电晕放电corpusculartheoryoflight光的微粒学说correction矫正，修正cosmicradiation宇宙辐射coulomb库伦Coulomb'slaw库伦定律countrate计数率counter计数器counterweight平衡锤，配重couple力偶coupledoscillation耦合振荡coupling耦合covalentbond共价键cranemagnet起重磁铁creep蠕变crest波峰criticalangle临界角criticaldamping临界阻尼criticalmass临界质量criticalpoint临界点criticaltemperature临界温度criticalvelocity临界速度crocodileclip鳄鱼夹crosshairs十字丝，叉丝cross-sectionalarea截面积Crova'sdisc克罗瓦盘crystal晶体crystaldiffraction晶体衍射，晶体绕射crystallattice晶体点阵，晶体格子，晶格crystalplanes晶面crystalline结晶的crystallization结晶crystallography晶体学cubicalexpansivity体积膨胀系数，体积膨胀率curie居里current电流currentamplification电流放大currentamplificationfactor电流放大因素currentamplifier电流放大器currentbalance电流天平currentdensity电流密度currentgain电流增益currentintensity电流强度currentpulse电流脉冲currentsensitivity电流灵敏度currentstabilizer稳流器currenttransfercharacteristic电流转移特性current-carryingconductor载电流导体current-voltagecharacteristiccurve电流一电压特性曲线curvedmirror曲面镜cyclotron回旋加速器cylindricalconcavelens柱面凹透镜cylindricalconcavemirror柱面凹镜cylindricalconvexlens柱面凸透镜cylindricalconvexmirror柱面凸镜cylindricallens柱面透镜cylindricalmirror柱面镜Dd.c.generator直流发电机d.c.motor直流电动机Dalton'slawofpartialpressures道尔顿分压定律dampedharmonicmotion阻尼谐动dampedharmonicoscillation阻尼谐振dampedoscillation阻尼振荡damping阻尼dampingforce阻尼力darkfringe暗纹data数据dating年代测定daughternucleus子核daughternuclide子核素deBroglierelation德布罗意关系式deBrogliewave德布罗意波deadtime失效时间decadecapacitancebox十进电容箱decaderesistancebox十进电阻箱decay衰变decayanalogue衰变模拟decayconstant衰变常数，衰变常量decaycurve衰变曲线decaylaw衰变定律decayproduct衰变产物decelerate减速deceleration减速度decibel分贝decode译码，解礁decoder译码器，译码器deflection偏转deflectionplate偏转板deflectionsystem偏转系统deflectiontube偏转管deformation形变degradationofenergy能量退降，能量递降degree度degreeCelsius摄氏度degreeoffreedom自由度demagnetization去磁，退磁demonstrationdiode演示用二极管demonstrationmeter演示用电表density密度depletionlayer耗尽层，阻挡层depthoffield景深derivedquantity导出量derivedunit导出单位destructiveinterference相消干涉detection探测detector探测器detectorofradiation辐射探测器deuterium笊，重氢deuteron笊核，重氢核deviation偏向，偏差device装置，设计，器件diamagnetism抗磁性diaphragm光阑，膜片diatomicmolecule双原子分子dielectric电介质，介电的dielectricconstant介电常数，介电常量，电容率dielectricpolarization电介质极化dielectricstrength电介质强度differentialequation微分方程differentialinputvoltage差动输入电压diffractedray衍射线，绕射线diffraction衍射，绕射diffractiongrating衍射光栅，绕射光栅diffusereflection漫反射diffusion扩散，漫射diffusioncloudchamber扩散云室digital数字的digitaldisplay数字显示digitalsignal数字讯号digital-to-analogueconversion数模转换dimension量名冈，因次，维，大小dimensionalanalysis量名冈分析，因次分析diminished缩小diode二极管diodeprobe二极管微波探测器dioptre屈光度，焦度dipole偶极子directcurrent直流电direction方向，方位directionofpropagation传播方向directlyheatedcathode直热式阴极discharge放电disintegration蜕变dislocation位错dispersion色散dispersivepower色散能力，色散本领，色散率displacement位移，排量displacementcan排水罐displacement-timegraph位移一时间关系线图dissipativeforce耗散力distance距离distance-timegraphE巨离一时间关系线图distortion失真，扭曲，畸变disturbance干扰diverge发散diverginglens发散透镜divergingmirror发散镜divisionofamplitude振幅分割divisionofwavefront波阵面分割，波前分割domain畴，域domesticcircuit家居电路donor给予体dopedsemiconductor掺杂半导体doping掺杂Dopplerbroadening多普勒谱线增宽Dopplereffect多普勒效应Dopplershift多普勒频移dosage齐U量dose齐U量doserate齐U量率doublepulley双滑轮尼electricalpotentialenergy电doublerefraction双折射eddycurrentloss涡流损耗势能，电位能doubleslit双缝effectivemass有效质量electricalresonance电共振double-pole-double-throwefficiency效率electricity电，电学switch双刀双掷开关effort施力electrode电极doublet双重线Einstein's mass-energyelectrolysis电解dragforce阻力，曳力relation爱因斯坦质能关系electrolyte电解质driftvelocity漂移速度式electrolytic电解质的，电解drivercircuit月区动电路elasticcollision弹性碰撞的driverfrequency月区动频率elasticconstant弹性常数，弹electrolyticcapacitor电解质drivingcell驱动电池性常量电容器drivingforce月区动力elasticdeformation弹性形变electromagnet电磁铁，电磁drivingmirror行车后视镜elastichysteresis弹性滞后体drybattery干电池组elasticlimit弹性极限electromagneticcoil电磁感drycell干电池elasticstrainenergy弹性应应圈dualtraceoscilloscope双迹变能electromagneticcontact电磁示波器elasticity弹性触点ductile延性的electricbell电铃electromagneticforce电磁力Dulong-Petitlaw杜隆珀electriccharge电荷electromagneticinduction电替定律electriccurrent电流磁感应dynamicequilibrium动态平electricfield电场electromagneticmoment电衡electricfieldintensity电场强磁矩dynamicfriction动摩擦度electromagneticoscillationdynamicresistance动态电阻electricfieldpattern电场图电磁振荡dynamics动力学形electromagneticradiation电dynamo发电机electricfire电暖炉磁辐射electriclineofforce电力线electromagneticspectrum电E磁波谱electricmotor电动机electromagneticwave电磁波earth接地，地线electricpotential电势，电位electromagnetism电磁学earthquakewaves地震波electricpower电功率electrometer静电计ebonite硬橡胶，硬质胶electricshock电震electromotiveforce电动势eboniterod硬橡胶棒，硬质electricalappliance电器electron电子胶棒electricalconductivity导电electronbeam电子束echo回声，回波率electroncloud电子云eddycurrent涡电流，涡流electricalenergy电能electrondiffraction电子衍eddycurrentdamping涡流阻electricaloscillation电振荡射，电子绕射electrondrift电子漂移electronenergylevel电子能级electrongun电子枪electrontransition电子跃迁electrontube电子管electron-volt电子伏特，电子伏electronics电子学electrophorus起电盘electroscope验电器electrostaticbond静电键electrostaticfieldapparatus静电场仪器electrostaticprecipitation静电沉淀法electrostatics静电学element元素，组件ellipticorbit椭圆轨道elongation伸长度emergentray出射线emission发射emissionline发射谱线emissionspectrum发射光谱，发射谱emissivity发射率，比辐射率emit发射emitter发射极，射极emittercurrent发射极电流，射极电流enamelledwire漆包线encode编码encoder编码器end-correction端部修正，管口校正量end-oncollision同向碰撞，尾追碰撞energeticparticle高能粒子energy能量，能energyband能带energyconversion能量转换energyconversionefficiency能量转换效率energyinput能量输入energylevel能级energyoutput能量输出energytransfer能量转移enricheduranium浓缩铀equationofcontinuity连续性方程equationofstate物态方程equationofuniformlyacceleratedmotion匀力口速运动方程equatorialorbit赤道轨道equilibrium平衡equilibriumcondition平衡条件equilibriumspacing平衡间距equipartitionofenergy能量均分equipotential等势的，等位的equipotentialline等势线，等位线equipotentialsurface等势面，等位面equivalentcapacitance等效电容equivalentinductance等效电感equivalentresistance等效电阻erect正立escapevelocity逃逸速度ether以太，酸evacuation抽成真空evaporation蒸发excesspressure超压，逾电压excitation激发excitationenergy激发能excitationpotential激发电势，激发电位excitationvoltage激发电压excited受激excitedenergylevel受激能级excitedstate受激态expansion膨胀expansivity膨胀系数，膨胀率exponentialchange指数式改变exponentialdecay指数式衰变exposure曝光量，照射extension伸长externalforce外力externalwork外功extrahightension超高电压extra-nuclearstructure核外结构extraordinaryray非常光线extrapolation外推，外推法extrinsicsemiconductor含杂质半导体eyepiece接目镜，目镜Ff-numberf数，光圈数firealarm火警警报器，火警forcepolygon力多边形f-stopf制光圈钟forceresolution力的分解farpoint远点firstlawofthermodynamicsforcetriangle力三角形farad法拉热力学第一定律force-extensioncurve施力一Faradayconstant法拉第常firstorderspectrum第一级伸长关系曲线数，法拉第常量光谱，第一级谱forcedoscillation受迫振荡Faraday's law offission裂变former框electromagneticinduction法fissionreactor裂变反应堆forwardbiased正向偏压拉第电磁感应定律fixedpoint定点forwardcurrent正向电流fastbreederreactor快中子增fixedpulley定滑轮fossilfuel化石燃料殖反应堆fixedresistor定值电阻器Foucault'srotatingmirrorfeedback反馈flatcoil扁平线圈method傅科旋转镜法feedbackamplifier反馈放大flatsolenoid扁平螺线管frameofreference参考坐标器flat-bottomedflask平底烧瓶系，参考系feedbackresistance反馈电Fleming'slefthandrule弗林Franck-Hertzexperiment弗阻明左手定则兰克一赫兹实验ferromagneticsubstance铁磁Fleming'srighthandrule弗Fraunhoferdiffraction夫琅性物质林明右手定则和费衍射，夫琅和费绕射ferromagnetism铁磁性floatingbody浮体Fraunhoferlines夫琅和费谱fictitiousforce假力，伪力fluid流体线fidelity保真性，保真度fluiddynamics流体动力学freeelectron自由电子fieldcoil场线圈fluorescence荧光freefall自由下坠，自由下落fieldeffecttransistor场效应fluorescentscreen荧光屏，荧freefallingbody自由落体晶体管光幕freeoscillation自由振荡fieldintensity场强flux通量freepath自由程fieldlines场力线fluxdensity通量密度freespace自由空间fieldmagnet场磁铁，场磁体fly-back回扫freeze凝固fieldofview视场，视野flywheel飞轮freezingpoint凝固点fieldstrength场强focallength焦距freon氟利昂，二氯二氟甲烷figureofmerit优值，灵敏值focalplane焦平面frequency频率filament灯丝，丝极focus焦点，聚焦，对焦frequencymodulation调频，filtercapacitor滤波电容器focuscontrol聚焦控制频率调制filtercircuit滤波电路followercircuit跟随电路frequencyresponse频率响应filterpump滤泵footpump脚踏泵Fresneldiffraction菲涅耳彳行finalstate终态，末态force力射，菲涅耳绕射finalvelocity末速度forceconstant力常数，力常Fresnel'sbiprism菲涅耳双fine-adjustment微调，细调-M里棱镜

friction摩擦，摩擦力伽利略假想实验Graham'slawofdiffusion格frictioncompensated补偿摩galvanometer电流计，检流拉哈姆散定律擦作用计grain粒，晶粒frictionlessmotion无摩擦运gammaradiation伽玛辐射gramophonerecord唱片，唱动gammaray伽玛射线碟fringe条纹gap隙graph图，线图，图表fringepattern条纹图形gas气，气体graphicalmethod图解法fuelrod燃料棒gaspressure气体强压,气压grating光栅fulcrum支点gaseousphase气相gratingspectrometer光栅光fulladder全加法器gaseousstate气态谱仪，光栅分光计full-scaledeflection满标偏gauge规，计gravitationalacceleration重转Gausstheorem高斯定理力加速度full-waverectification全波Geigercounter盖革计数器gravitationalattraction弓1力，整流Geiger-Marsdenscattering重力full-waverectifier全波整流experiment盖革一马斯登散gravitationalconstant弓1力常器射实验数，引力常量fundamentalfrequency基频Geiger-Mullercounter盖革gravitationalfield引力场,重fundamental modeof—弥勒计数器力场vibration基谐振动模式Geiger-Mullertube盖革弥gravitationalforce弓I力，重fundamentalnote基音勒管力fundamentalquantity基本量generalgasequation普适气gravitationalmass弓1力质量fundamentalunit基本单位体方程gravitationalpotential弓I力fuse保险丝generalgaslaw普适气体定势，重力势fuserating保险丝额定值律gravitational potentialfusion熔解，聚变generator发电机difference引力势差，重力势fusionpoint熔点geneticeffect遗传效应差fusionreactor聚变反应堆geometricaloptics几何光学germanium楮gravitationalpotentialenergy引力势能，重力势能Gghosteffect迭影效应glancingangle掠射角gravity重力grazingincidence掠入射，切G-clampG-形钳glassfibre玻璃纤维入射gain增益glycerine甘油greenhouseeffect温室效应gaincontrol增益控制goldfoil金箔grid栅极galaxy星系foldleafelectroscope金箔验gridcontrol栅极控制Galileantelescope伽利略望电器gridsystem电力网远镜gradient斜率，梯度groove纹道，针槽，开槽Galileo'sthoughtexperimentgraduatedcylinder量筒ground接地

groundstate基态heatpump热泵hygrometer湿度计guineaandfeatherexperimentheatradiation热辐射hyperbolicorbit双曲线轨道「硬币与羽毛」实验heatreservoir热库，储热器hypodermicneedle皮下注射heatsink热壑针头Hheattransfer热传递，热转移hypodermicsyringe皮下注heater发热器，加热器射针筒hairspring游丝heatingeffect热效应hypothesis假说，假设halfadder半加法器heatingelement发热组件hysteresis滞后现象half-life半衰期Helmholtzcoils亥姆霍兹线half-silveredmirror半镀银圈I镜henry亨利，亨half-waverectification半波hertz赫兹，赫idealgas理想气体整流highdispersionprism高色散idealgasequation理想气体half-waverectifier半波整流棱镜方程器hightension高电压idealgastemperaturescaleHalleffect霍耳效应hole空穴，空子理想气体温标Hallprobe霍耳探测器hollowplasticlens空心塑料idealmachine理想机械Hallvoltage霍耳电压透镜illuminate照明，照亮handstroboscope手动式频hollowplasticprism空心塑image像闪观测器料棱镜imagedistance像距harmonic谐音hologram全息图immerse浸没harmonicmotion谐运动holography全息术，全息学immersionheater浸没式电harmonicoscillationt皆振荡Hooke'slaw虎克定律热器head-oncollision对正碰撞，horizontal水平impact碰撞正碰horizontalcomponent水平分impedance阻抗heat热，热量，加热，热学星里impulse冲量heatabsorbent吸热齐Uhorizontaldeflection水平偏impurity杂质heatabsorber吸热器转infocus焦点对准heatabsorption吸热，热吸收horseshoemagnet蹄形磁铁inparallel并联heatcapacity热容量hotcathode热阴极inphase同相heatconduction热传导hour小时inseries串联heatexchange热交换Huygens'principle惠更斯原incidentray入射线heatflow热流理incidentwavefront入射波阵heatgain热增益，得热hydraulicpress水压机面，入射波前heatinsulation热绝缘，隔热hydroelectricpower水力发inclinedplane斜面heatloss热损耗，失热电incoherent不相干的heatproof耐热的，隔热的hydrogenbomb氢弹incompressiblefluid非压缩

性流体inputbiascurrent输入偏压间距indicator指示器电流intercept截距，截段indirectlyheatedcathode旁inputcharacteristic输入特性interconversion互换热式阴极inputcurrent输入电流interference干涉inducedcharge感生电荷inputoffsetcurrent输入补偿interferencepattern干涉图inducedcurrent感生电流电流形inducede.m.f.感生电动势inputpower输入功率internalenergy内能inducedvoltage感生电压inputresistance输入电阻internalforce内力inducingcharge施感电荷inputvoltage输入电压internalresistance内电阻inducingcurrent施感电流input-output voltageinternalwork内功inductance电感characteristic输入一输出电internationalsystemofunitsinductance capacitance压特性国际单位制，公制，十进制coupledcircuit感容耦合电instantaneousacceleration瞬interval间隔路时加速度intrinsicsemiconductor纯半inductancecoil电感线圈instantaneousangularvelocity导体，本征半导体induction感应瞬时角速度inverse-squarelaw平方反比inductionheating感应生热instantaneouscurrent瞬时电定律inductivecircuit电感电路流inverted倒立的inductivecomponent电感性instantaneouspower瞬时功inverter反相器，倒换器分量率invertinginput反相输入inductivereactance感抗instantaneousspeed瞬时速ion离子inductor电感器，感应器率ion-pair离子偶，离子对inelasticcollision非弹性碰instantaneousvelocity瞬时ionicbond离子键撞速度ionicstructure离子结构inertgas惰性气体instantaneousvoltage瞬时电ionization电离作用inertia惯性，惯量压ionizationchamber电离室inertiabalance，惯性秤insulation绝缘ionizationcurrent电离电流inertialframe惯性坐标系，insulator绝缘体ionizationenergy电离能惯性系integratedcircuit集成电路ionizationpotential电离电inertialmass惯性质量intensity强度势，电离电位infra-reddetector红外线探intensitycontrol强度控制ionizationvoltage电离电压测器intensityofcurrent电流强度ionize电离infra-redradiation红夕卜辐射interaction相互作用ionizedatom离子infra-redray红外线interatomicforce原子间力ionizedlayer电离层initialstate初态interatomicpotential原子间ionizingpower致电离能力，initialvelocity初速度势，原子间位致电离本领input输入interatomicseparation原子ionizingradiation致电离辐射ionosphere电离层iris虹膜，可变光阑ironcore铁心ironfilings铁粉irreversibleprocess不可逆过程isobar等压线，同质异序素isobaricexpansion等压膨胀isobaricprocess等压过程isochronousoscillation等时振荡isotherm等温线isothermalprocess等温过程isotope同位素isovolumetricprocess等容过程JJaegersmethod耶格法jetpropulsion喷气推进jockey滑动触头joule焦耳joulemeter焦耳计junction连接，接头junctiondiode面结型二极管junctiontransistor面结型晶体管KKaleidoscope万花筒Kelvin开尔文，开Kelvintemperaturescale开氏温标Kepler'slaw开普勒定律key电键kilogram千克kilowatt千瓦特，千瓦kilowatt-hour千瓦小时，千瓦时kilowatt-hourmeter电表，千瓦时计kinematics运动学kineticenergy动能kineticfriction动摩擦kinetictheory分子运动论kinetictheorymodel分子运动模型kinetictheoryofgases气体分子运动论Kirchhoff'slaw基尔霍夫定律kit套件knife-edge刃形支承，刀刃，刀边kryton氮Kundt'stube孔脱管Llagging保温套laminarflow层流laminated分层的，迭片的laser激光，激光器laserbeam激光束lasermaterial激光材料latch闩锁latentheat潜热lateral横向，侧向，旁向lateralinversion横向倒置lateralmagnification横向放大，横向放大率lateralsearchcoil横向探察线圈lattice点阵，晶格latticespacing点阵间隔，点阵间距law定律lawofconservationofmomentum动量守恒定律lawofreflection反射定律lawofrefraction折射定律lead导线，铅lead-acidaccumulator铅酸蓄电池leakagecurrent漏泄电流leastdistanceofdistinctvision最小明视距离Leclanchecell勒克朗谢电池length长度lens透镜，晶体，晶状体lensformula透镜公式lensholder透镜座lensmarker'sformula透镜制造者公式Lenz'slaw楞次定律leukaemia白血病lever杠杆light光，光学lightbeam光束，光柱lightdependentresistor光敏电阻器lightemittingdiode发光二极管lightguide光导lightpipe光导管lightray光线lightsensitiveresistor光敏电阻器lightsource光源lightning闪电longsight远视magneticfieldstrength磁场lightningconductor避雷针longwave长波强度limitingangle极限角longitudinalmagnification纵magneticflux磁通量limitingfriction极限摩擦向放大，纵向放大率magneticfluxdensity磁通量lineofaction作用线longitudinalwave纵波密度lineofforce力线loop回路，圈magneticfluxlinkage磁链，linespectrum线状光谱，线Lorentzforce洛兰兹力磁键，磁通匝数状谱Lorentzrotatingdisc洛兰兹magneticforce磁力linearairtrack线性气垫导旋转盘magnetichysteresis磁滞航loudness响度magneticinduction磁感应强linearelectronics线性电子loudspeaker扬声器度，磁感应学lowfrequencya.c.generatormagneticlineofforce磁力linearexpansivity线性膨胀低频交流发电机线系数，线性胀率lowvoltage低电压magneticmaterial磁性材料linearflow线流linearmomentum线动量lowvoltageimmersionheater低压浸没式电热器magneticmeridian磁子午线linearvoltageamplificationlowerlimit下限magneticmoment磁矩线性电压放大率lycopodiumpowder石松粉magneticnorthpole磁W匕极linearlypolarizedwave线偏Lymanseries赖曼系，赖曼magneticpermeability磁导振波liquefaction液化光谱率magneticpole磁极liquid液体liquidcrystal液晶体Mmagneticscreen磁屏magneticshield磁屏liquidphase液相Machnumber马赫数magneticsouthpole磁南极liquidpressure液体压强machine机械magneticsusceptibility磁化liquid-in-glassthermometermacroscopic宏观的率玻管液体温度计magnadurmagnet玛格纳多magnetictape磁带Lissajousfigure禾U萨如图形尔磁铁magnetictaperecorder磁带live载电，活线，火线magnet磁铁，磁体录音机Lloyd'smirror洛埃镜magnetkeeper永久磁铁衔magnetictorque磁矩load负荷铁magnetictrack磁迹lodestone磁石magneticdomain磁畴，磁域magnetism磁学，磁性logicgate逻辑门magneticeffect磁效应magnetization起磁，磁化作logiclevel逻辑电平，逻辑级magneticfield磁场用logiclevelindicator逻辑电magneticfieldboard磁场板magnetize磁化平指示器，逻辑级指示器magneticfieldintensity磁场magnetizingcurrent磁化电logicvalue逻辑值强度流magnification放大，放大率magnified放大的magnifyingglass放大镜magnifyingpower放大率magnitude量，量值mainsfrequency市电频率mainsimmersionheater市电浸没式热器mainssupply市电电源majoritycarriers多数载流子malleable展性的，韧性的Maltesecrosstube马尔塔十字管manometer流体压强计mass质量massdefect质量亏损massnumber质量数massspectrometer质谱仪mass-energyrelation质能关系matterwave物质波maximumerror最大误差meanfreepath平均自由程measurement测量mechanicaladvantage机械利益mechanicalefficiency机械效率mechanicalenergy机械能mechanicaloscillation机械振荡mechanicalwave机械波mechanism机制，机理medium介质mediumwave中波Melde'sexperiment迈尔德实验melt熔化meltingpoint熔点meniscus弯液面，弯月面meniscuslens凹凸透镜，弯月形透镜mercury汞，水银metalfatigue金属疲劳fetalgrid金属珊metallicbond金属键metastable亚稳态的， 介稳态的methodofdimensions维量法，因次法metho