初中英语“六选五”解析

中考英语“六选五”题对很多同学来说是失分点，这种题型主要是考查考生对语篇的阅读能力、理解能力、逻辑推理能力以及对上下文联系能力等。题型分“六选五”选项特点该题型的选项大致可分为三类：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）；注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。那么，另外一个多余的干扰项就可以通过这三个特点来排除。例如：主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。解题技先选项六选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，只看选项可以从以下几点着手：看句子是否完整；看句子后面的标点符号。这样可以初步判断该句在文章中的位置。有时可以通过选项，找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。注空前空后由于六选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，而选择正确的答案。

从注代词或定冠词在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为大家知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，那么通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。注一些特殊疑问词如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的。例如：对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词；对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语；对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词；对

how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。注一些连词这里所说的连词有一些表示转折的连词：

buthoweveryetthoughnevertheless，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如

andalsoaswellonly...butalsoononehand....ontheotherhand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。解题六步第一步：真阅读文章的开头部分，以明确文章的基本话题；第二步：速阅读首尾段、每段的首尾句以及文章中带转折词的句子，以便掌握文章大意；第三步：细阅读各个选项，并画出关键词；查看问题置•问题在段•段落主题句，认真阅读后文内容，查找同义词或者相关词。与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等，着重阅读后文第一二句，查找关键词，通常正确答案的最后一句与问题后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。段落间的过渡句，承上启下。补充】常见联词并列与递进关系：and,or,also,neither…noreither…or…,intheway,aswellas,thesame…as,besides,moreoverinadditionto,whatismore

（而且）因果关系：because,for,since,as,therefore,so…that,thanksasaresult,becauseof,forthisreason,ofcourse转折让步关系：but,however,yet,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,rather（要…而不是,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though,eventhough,evenif4.时间关系：atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstinthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,to体的时间。•问题在段•(1)问前的一句或两句重点阅读，找关键词。(2)结、概括性语句，查找关键词，如：

asainaword。(3)前文是转折或对比关系，注意在选项中查找查找、对比的关键词，同时注意选项中所讲的内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系4）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。(5)果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。第四步：阅读各个空的前后句并画出关键词；第五步：对比并匹上述两类关键词，并按照先易后难的顺序选出答案。一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记，以免分散注意力；第六步：将选项带入文章中重，依据行文逻辑检查核对，再次确定所选答案。【中考真】BWehavefoundplasticintheoceanandinanimalslikebirds,fishandwhales.Butforthefirsttime,scientistshavefoundplasticinhuman),Todayreported.ThefindingscamefromastudyledbyscientistsfromEnvironmentAgencyAustria51Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweekandthenprovidedastoolsample样本)fortesting.52About20smallplasticparticles(IM)werefoundinevery10"Thesmallestplasticparticlescanentertheblood,thelymphaticsystem,andmayevenreachtheliver肝),"Schwabl,whotookpartinresearch.53

They’renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers'bodies,either.Butmostofthevolunteerssaidtheydrankfromplasticbottlesandalsoateseafoodthatcouldincludeplasticfromoceanpollution.Infact,plasticiseverywherearoundus.Everyyear,lotsofplasticwastegoesintotheocean.54Mostoftheparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoil.andair.Couldplasticintheairfallontofoodandgetintothehumanbody?Somepaststudiesmayalsogiveusaclue.55Andevensomedrinkingwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。A.There,sunlightandwaves海)breaktheplasticwastedowntoverysmallpieces.Thesurethatthemustbeharmfultohumans.AccordingtoUSAToday,90%ofseawhichissoldinworldincludesplastic.Thevolunteersfromdifferentpartsofworld.However,thescientistsaren'tisharmfultohumans.Scientistsnineofinthestoolaccordingtothestudy.AWhatisthemoststressfulthinginschool?Itisprobablyexams.Examscanputusunderalotofpressure.Butsomestudentsdowellunderpressure,whileothersfeelterrible.1.____downtodopamine(多巴2._____Ithasmanyimportantinfluencingmemory,attentionandhowwelearn.Ourbrainsworkbestwhenthereisaneven（平衡）ofdopamine—nottoomuchortoolittle.Thebraincontrolsdopamineintwoways.Iteithertakesoutdopaminequickly,orgradually.Examsuccesscanberelatedtohowfastdopaminegoesbacktoanevenbalance.____youbecomestressed,yourbrainwillstartto超负荷)ondopamine.____Thequickeryouareabletogobacktoanevenbalanceofdopamine,thequickeryoucanfixyourselfperformbetteronatest.that,duringawhoslowlygotbacktoanevenbalanceofdopaminescored8percentlower.5._____Butdon'tfear,theresomegoodnews.Thestudyalsofoundthatthemorepracticeyouget,thelessstressedyou'llbe.So,itturnsoutthatpracticereallydoesmakeperfect.根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。Whathappenswhenweanexam?Itcup)withwater.whydosomestudentsstress?That'sthedifferencegoodmarkandabadmark.Dopamineischemicalinourbraininformationtoourbody.thereanythinghelpchangethespeedofdopaminegettingintoourbody.BDawaDorjihasmanyjobs:singer,barkeeperandEnglishtourguide,butheismostfamousastheleadsingerofthefirstpopbandin．In2003,DawaDorjimettwofansofTibetanmusic.1.band.

，andlateranothertwojoinedthe2．，sotheyhadtopractiseonweekdaysinasmallvillageafterwork.DawaDorjiandhisbandmembersbelievedthattheyneededtocommunicatewiththeir听)inordertowritegoodsongs.3..Atthebeginning,mostaudiencewereforeigners,butafteracoupleofmonths,manylocalpeoplecametoenjoytheirmusic.4..“Wheneverthereisafestival,weTibetanssinganddance.Isangsongswitholdpeople,andIlearnedmoreabouthowto”saidDawaDorji.5．，andmanyofthemarefromtraditionalones.DawaDorjibelievesthattheiraremeaningfulforintroducingTibetanfolkmusictothewholenation,andeventhewholeworld.根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。DawaDorjiwasborninLhasaEachmemberofthebandhadhisownjobTheybecamegoodfriendsandstartedabandAsaresult,thebandbecamemoreandmorepopularSoatweekendstheyrushedtorestaurantstosingforfreeSofar,four唱)with48TibetanlanguagesongshavecomeoutC黑龙江绥化中改编)Ifyoulivefarfromschool,youmayhavetouselunchboxestotakelunchtoschool.Doyouwanttoknowwhattheearlylunchboxeslookedlike?1.Fromthe19thcentury,peopleusedbasketstotakemeals.2.Atinswerelargeenoughforapieceofmeat,somebreadandsomecheese.WaltDisneymadethe“character”lunchboxin1935byputtingMickeyMouseonthe3.1950TVcowboy,HopalongCassidy,agreedtoputhispictureontheoutsideoftheblueandredlunchboxes.Overthenext30years,differentpopularcharacterscontrolledthemarket,suchasAladdin,MissAmerica,andtheFlyingNun.TheFloridagovernmentsaidthatthemetalboxescouldbeusedasweapons(武)andtheyweredangerousforIn1986,peoplebegantouselunchboxeswhichweremadeofplastic.5.Nowwecanseemanyplasticlunchboxeswithbeautifulpicturesonthem.根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。Bythe1860s,peoplestartedmakingtinstotakemeals.Theplasticlunchboxesweren'tusedbypeople.Let'sseethehistoryoflunchboxes.Childrenlikedthiskindoflunchboxverymuch.Theplasticlunchboxeshavebeenusingsincethen.Thelastmetallunchboxwasmadein1985.DInTownofWenchuan,QiJianfengattendedtheanniversary(周年纪念日)WenchuanEarthquakewithhundredsofdoctorsandvolunteers.1.WenchuanwashitbyastrongearthquakeonMay12th,2008.Atleast69000peoplewerekilledandmorethan000werehurt.2.Soldiersanddoctorsquicklyarrivedinthearea.Atthattime,theyweresavingpeopleand建)homes.3.tohelpthosewhohadlosttheirfamilieshomes.QiJianfengworkedasavolunteerafterear