全国2010年1月自考全国高级英语试题及答案

20101月自考全国高级英语试题课程代码：00600请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上，全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外）Ⅰ.Thefollowingparagraphsaretakenfromthetextbooks,followedbyalistofwordsorexpressionsmarkedAtoX.ChoosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthesentencesandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.Onewordorexpressionforeachblankonly.(12points,0.5pointforeach)Manydoctorsworkingonthebattlefieldofterminalsufferingthinkthatonlysqueamishnessdemandsa 1 betweenpassiveandactiveeuthanasiaonrequest.Their 2 forkillinggoeslikethis:oneofadoctor’s 3 istopreventsuffering;sometimesthatisallthereisleftforhimtodo,andkillingistheonlywaytodoit.Thereisnothingnewinthisview.WhenHippocrates 4 hisoathfordoctors,whichexplicitlyrules 5 activekilling,mostotherGreekdoctorsandthinkersdisagreedwithhis 6 .Thewomen’smagazinesareaboutonethird 7 toclothes,onethirdtomildcomment 8 sex,andthe 9 thirdrecipesandpicturesofhandsomesalads,desserts,andmain 10 .“Institutes”existtoexperimentandtellhousewiveshowtocookattractivemealsandhowtoturnleftoversinto 11 ofart.Thefoodthuspicturedlooks 12 paintingsofstilllife.Theonlytroubleisit’stasteless.Oneofthegreatestandmost 13 criticismsoftelevisionhasbeenthatin 14 tothelargestaudiencepossible,neglectsminorityaudiencesandminoritytastes.Thisisstill15 true.Butthereis,perhaps,oneprogramadayandmany,ofcourse,onSundaywhichanintelligentmanorwomancanenjoyand 16 interestfrom.Inmytripseastorwestornorthorsouth,Ipickupthe 17 papertofindthisenjoymentor18 vain.Americanindividualism,onthe19ofitanadmirablephilosophy,wishestomanifestitselfinindependenceofthecommunity.Youdon’tsharethingsin20;youhaveyourownthings.Afamily’sstrengthissignalizedbyitspossessions.Hereinliesa21.Forthedesireforpossessionsmusteventuallymeandependenceonpossessions.Freedomisslavery.Onceletthe22instinctburgeon,andthereareruggedlyindividualforces23tooreadytomakeitcometofullandmonstrous24.Newappetitesareinvented;whattotheEuropeanarebizarreluxuriesbecome,totheAmerican,plainnecessities.acquisitiveE．blossomI．deriveM．formulatedQ．likeU．other

appealingF．commonJ．dutiesN．inR．localV．out

argumentG．coursesK．faceO．justifiedS．onW．paradox

banL．firmP．largelyT．onlyX．worksII.Inthissection,therearefifteensentencestakenfromthetextbookswithablankineach,followedbyalistofwordsorexpressionsmarkedAtoX.ChoosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthesentencesandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.Onewordorexpressionforeachblankonly.(15points,1pointforeach)Morethananyothergeneration,ourgenerationviewstheadultworldwithgreattendencytorejectcompletelytheworld.Theneedforlawsoneuthanasiacannotbe formuchlonger.Hestoodinfrontofusforamomentandthen ustogointotheliving

.ThereisalsoanincreasedMyimaginationboggledatthepunishmentIwould ifinfactIdidabuseabookofMrs.Flowers’.Deathwouldbetookindandbrief.TheoddsseemedtomovetowardChavelwithadreadful :ninetoone,eighttoone:theywerelikeapointingfinger.Writingabookisahorrible, struggle,likealongboutofsomepainfulillness.Weareaskingforthesupportofallsectionsofthepeacemovementbecausewedonotfeelthatthisisatimetobe .I atseveralschoolsandwasacceptedeverywhere.Harvardofferedmorefinancialassistance.OnthedayswhenI’mespeciallymelancholy,Ibeganconstructingtablesoforganization... peopleincompanyonthebasisofenvy,hope,fear,ambition,frustration,rivalry,hatred,ordisappointment.NosoonerdidhiscartouchtheboulevardheadinghomethanAce ontheradio.Iwasconvincedthatsome changeshadbeenwroughtforallNegroes,notjustthoseintheghetto.InAustralia,wherepeoplearefewandrabbitsaremany,Iwatchedawholepopulacesatisfyingtheprimitive theprimitivemannerbytheskilfulslaughterofmanythousandsofrabbits.Ifweregardactivityasbeinginitselfagood,thenwemustcountallsnobberiesasgood;forall activity.IaskthereadertonotethatI,anEnglishmanwhonolongerlivesinEnglandandcan’tspendmorethansixmonthsata inanyotherEuropeancountry,hometoAmericaastoacountrymorestimulatingthandepressing.Strangelyenough,thesalesmenreactverywelltotheconstantpressureandrigidsupervisiontowhichtheyare .appliedE．dodgedI．exhaustiveM．impulseQ．neglectedU．skepticism

classifyingF．dominantJ．flickedN．inevitabilityR．provokeV．stretch

desertK．gestatedO．momentS．recoiledW．subject

deserveH．exhaustingL．gesturedP．momentousT．revokeX．subjectedⅢ.Eachofthefollowingsentencesisgiventwochoicesofwordsorexpressions.ChoosetherightonetocompletethesentenceandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.(15points,1pointforeach)Justicetoall,regardlessofrace,sectorclass,isthe rightandtheinescapableobligationofall.inalienable B.unbelievableMyuncleremained ofstoriesaboutflyingsaucers.incredible B.incredulousAlthoughthemaincharactersinthenovelaresotruetolife,theyare .imaginary B.imaginativeInspiteofthefinancialcrisis,themanagerwillpaythebonus thejobiscompletedontime.A.unless B.providedTheadversecriticismthebookreceiveddidn’t theauthoronewayoranother.affect B.effectItisa factthatwhenwegrowolder,wetendtobecomeweakerandweaker.regretful B.regrettableThe ofafullstopattheendofthesentenceisadeliberateactbythewriter.exclusion B.omissionHe theropewithbothhandsandpulleditwithallhisstrength.grasped B.grabbedTheleafletwaswritteninjargonthatwouldhavebeentotally toanyoneoutsidetheprofession.incomprehensive B.incomprehensibleAfterdrivingforsolongonthegravelIwasgladtogetonan stretchofroad.even B.equalManyofthemore formsofcancercanbetreatedsuccessfullyifdetectedmon B.ordinaryEvena translationisnotalwaysfaithfultotheoriginal.literal B.literarySheaskshimtorememberher,andherepliesthatheismore toforgetanythingelse.able B.aptTheexpertsdislikedtheactingbutenjoyedtheplay .asawhole B.onthewholeHowcanyoubeso tothesufferingsofthesechildren?A.indifferential B.indifferentReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesucceedingthreeitemsⅣ,VandⅥ.Freedom’schallengeintheAtomicAgeisasoberingtopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Whatarewegoingtodowithoneofourmostpreciouspossessions,freedom?Theworldweknow,ourWesternworld,beganwithsomethingasnewastheconquestofspace.Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.Egypt,Babylon,Nineveh,werealltyrannies,oneimmenselypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.InGreece,inAthens,alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses,andatimecamewhentheAthenianswereledbyagreatmanwhodidnotwanttobepowerful.Absoluteobediencetothe rulerwaswhattheleadersoftheempiresinsistedon.Athenssaidno,theremustneverbeabsoluteobediencetoamanexceptinwar.Theremustbewillingobediencetowhatisgoodforall.Pericles,thegreatstatesman,said:“Weareafreegovernment,butweobeythelaws,moreespeciallythosewhichprotecttheoppressed,andtheunwrittenlawswhich,ifbroken,bringshame.”Athenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeintolerableexcepttoahermitinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theywere savedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasimposedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Thecreedofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.ThiswastheconceptionthatunderlaytheloftyreachofGreekgenius.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringatomicbombs.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwilldepart.Eternalvigilanceisitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplaceunnoticedthoughitwasoftheutmostimportance,aspiritualchangewhichpenetratedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenians’prideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefits fromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtotheirstate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheforemostobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywereobscuredtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Shereachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility,shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent,”Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedomforever,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmericanstatesman,JamesMadison,inorneartheyear1776A.D.referredto“thecapacityofmankindforself-government”.NodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhismind,butonceagreatandgoodideahasdawneduponman,itisnevercompletelylost.TheAtomicAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatman’sthoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoaction,onlysurethatitwilldoso sometime.Ⅳ.Inthissection,therearetenincompletestatementsfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.(20points,2pointsforeach)“Soberingtopic”inparagraph1isatopicthatmakesonefeelvery .nervous B.excitedC.serious D.sadItcanbeinferredfromparagraph2that .AthenianswouldbewillingtoobeywhatwouldbenefitthemallEgyptiansinsistedonabsoluteobediencetoapowerfulmanAthenianswouldbewillingtoobeyatyrannyEgyptiansopposedanyformofgovernmentTheword“underlay”inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto .wastheconsequenceof B.wasthecauseofC.wasthekeyto D.wasthebasisofInparagraph4,“atomicbombs”ismentionedinorderto .emphasizethatatomicbombswillthreatenthesurvivalofmankindillustratethatfreedomrequiresconstantpursuitanddedicationstressthatfreedomisasinfluentialasatomicbombspointoutthatittookalongtimetodiscoverfreedomTheword“obscured”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto .madedifficulttoknoworunderstandmadeeasytoknoworunderstandmadehardtodealwithmadecleartoseeParagraph4ismainlyabout .theAthenians’sprideandjoytogivetotheircitytheideasoffreedomandself-reliancethespiritualchangeoftheAtheniansacooperativebusinessAccordingtoparagraph5,therelationshipbetweenfreedomandresponsibilityisthat .freedomisindependentofresponsibilityresponsibilityisthepreconditionoffreedomresponsibilityisthenaturalresultoffreedomfreedomismoreimportantthanresponsibilityTheauthor’sopinionaboutfreedominthefutureisthat .oncelost,freedomwillneverberegainedpeoplewillneverhavefreedomagainfreedomwillbechallengedfreedomwilllastforever“NodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek”inparagraph6means .hewasthinkingabouttheGreekfreedomwhenhesaidthishedidn’tknowhewasspeakingthelanguageofGreekGreekfreedomwasnotonhismindwhenhesaidthisdefinitelyhedidn’tknowwhatGreekfreedomwasThebesttitleforthispassageis .TheDisappearanceofFreedomC.ImportanceofFreedom

B.TheDevelopmentofFreedomD.RootsofFreedomV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet.(10points,2pointsforeach)Absoluteobediencetotherulerwaswhattheleadersoftheempiresinsistedon.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeintolerableexcepttoahermitinthedesert.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.Shereachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoaction,onlysurethatitwilldososometime.Ⅵ.AnswerthefollowingessayquestioninEnglishwithin80-100words.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10points)Whatisyourviewon“freedom”?Ⅶ.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet.(18points,2pointseachfor71-75,8pointsfor76)的态度。72．30年代的大难题刚刚得到初步控制，新的问题又出现了——前所未有的富裕社会和种族平等问题。73．丈大让她独自来到墨西哥就证明了这一点，此次墨西哥之行的目的就是让她找回自己，重新站起来，医治好创伤回到他的身边。我们的调查表明没有一家公司能够靠试图面面俱到、满足所有人的需求而成功。————都不可能有像样的助的时候。一、选择题1、L11、X21、W二、选择题2C 3J 4、M 、V 6D H 8S 、U 10G