UNIT-5(大学英语教材新世界英语课件)

Hemispheres:ReadingandWritingCourseUnit5RippleEffectsUnit5RippleEffectsTEXTAWhatisYourPebbleDoingtoMyPond?TEXTBThePoweroftheRippleEffectLEAD-INREADINGANDSPEAKINGTEXTATEXTBLANGUAGEENHANCEMENTWRITINGFUNTIMECONTENTSLEAD-INA:Workwithapartnerorinagroup,aska

“Whatif…?”question,thencomeupwith

asmanyanswersasyoucan.Trytobeas

daringandcreativeasyoucanwithyour

answers.

LEAD-INExample:Question:Whatifallcowssuddenlydisappearedfromtheearth?

Possibleanswers:

●Nocowmilktodrink.

●Fromotheranimals.●Morevegetarians.

●Morelandforvegetables.

●…LEAD-INStep1Placeyourquestioninthemiddleoftherippleandchoosefourofthepossibleanswersinthefirstripple.Step2Keepasking“Whatif…?”toaddextraripples.B:Explorefurtherusingarippleeffectdiagram:

LEAD-INAlldiaryproductswouldbecomeveryexpensive.Lessheartdiseasefromfattyfood.Morepeoplegettingsickfromnothavingenoughprotein.Cheaperfoodformorepeopleintheworld.Havetoworktokeepthesoilrichenough.Startgatheringmilkfromexistingfarmanimalslikehorses,pigs,sheep,etc.We’dprobablydrinkmorecordialsandsoftdrinks.Saveforestsbyfarminganimalsthatdon’tuseasmuchland.BackgroundInformationPaparazziKyleMacDonaldisaCanadian

bloggerwhobarteredhiswayfromasingleredpapercliptoahouseinaseriesofonlinetradesoverthecourseofayear.MacDonaldwasinspiredbythechildhoodgameBigger,Betterandmadehisfirsttrade,aredpaperclipforafish-shapedpen,onJuly14,2005.Hereachedhisgoaloftradinguptoahousewiththefourteenthtransaction,tradingamovieroleforahouse.(/wiki/Kyle_MacDonald)READINGANDSPEAKINGKyleMacDonald

READINGANDSPEAKINGaredpaperclip→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→________________________________→afreehouseawoodenpenshapedlikeafishahandmadedoorknobabarbecue

asnowmobile

avacation

avan

amusicstudiorecordingcontract

arent-freeapartmentforoneyear

anafternoonwitharockstar

asmallpartanaHollywoodmovie.Readthearticleandmakealistoftheonlinetrades.PaparazziUnderstandingParagraphDevelopmentandUnityAwell-developedparagraphhasatleastthreeexamplesordetailstosupportthemainidea.Theparagraphshowsunitywhenalltheexamplesanddetailsclearlyrelatetoonetopicsentence.XSkillFocusKyleMacDonald,ofBritishColumbia,Canada,aspiredtobuyahouse.Becausehecouldn’taffordone,hecameupwithaninnovativeidea.HepostedanunusualadonCraig’sList,whichisapopularwebsitewherepeoplebuyandsellgoodsandservices.Theadhadaphotoofaredpaperclip.MacDonaldwrotehisemailaddressandthismessage:“Iwanttotradethisredpaperclipwithyouforsomethingbiggerorbetter,maybeapen,aspoon,orperhapsaboot.Ifyoupromisetomakethetrade,Iwillcomeandvisityou,whereveryouare,totrade.”TheStoryofOneRedPaperClipNewWordsTranslationTranslationManypeoplewhosawhisadmadeoffers;consequently,achainof“tradingup”began.Fourteentradeslater,MacDonaldhadtradeduptosomethingmuchbiggerandbetter.First,acoupleinVancouver,Canadaofferedhimawoodenpenwhichwasshapedlikeafish.Thecouple,whomMacDonaldmetinperson,agreedtothetrade.Next,MacDonaldadvertisedthepen.AnartistinSeattle,Washingtonreciprocatedwithahandmadedoorknob.Thedoorknobwasthenswappedforabiggeritem.TranslationAndonitwentuntilthelistofswappeditemsincludedabarbecue,asnowmobile,avacation,avan,amusicstudiorecordingcontract,arent-freeapartmentforoneyear,anafternoonwitharockstar,andasmallpartinaHollywoodmovie.MacDonaldwondered:Whatwouldsomeoneexchangeforthemovierole?TranslationOneday,hereceivedaletterformthetownofKiplinginSaskatchewan,Canada,offeringhimafreehouseonMainStreet.Inaddition,thetownwouldlethimbehonorarymayorofKiplingforoneday.Theyalsosaidthattheywoulddeclareanofficial“OneRedPaperClipDay”wheneveryonewouldbeencouragedtoweararedpaperclip.Inreturn,thetownwouldholdlocalauditionsforthemovieroleandsendtheluckyrecipienttoHollywood.MacDonaldacceptedthisofferandmovedintothehouse.TranslationSoonafter,hisprojectgrew.Heexpandedhiswebsite,wherehenowsellsredpaperclipmerchandisesuchasT-shirtsandposters.Hispopularitygrew,too.Thesitehasbecomeapromotionaltoolforhimandforpeoplewhosestorieshehaspostedonit.He’sbeeninterviewedfornumerousTVshowsandnewspapersandinspiredotherstotradeupitems.Allduetooneredpaperclip,hehasbeenvotedas“oneofthe40greatestInternetstars”.一枚红色回形针的故事凯尔·麦克唐纳，加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省人，渴望买一栋房子。因为买不起，他想了一个很有创意的点子。他在“克莱格列表”（克莱格列表是一个很受欢迎的网站，人们可以通过它买卖商品和服务）上贴了一则不同寻常的广告。广告上有一副红色回形针的照片，麦克唐纳还写了他电子邮件地址和这样一条信息：我想要用这枚红色回形针和你交换一件更大或更好的物品，可以是一支笔，一把勺子，或许是一只靴子什么的。如果你承诺交易，不管你在哪里，我都会去拜访你和你交易。Article许多看到他广告的人提出交易，结果一系列的“以差换好”的交易开始了。14轮交易之后，麦克唐纳已经换到了大得多、好得多的东西。首先，一对在加拿大温哥华的夫妻提供给他一支鱼形的木头钢笔，麦克唐纳亲自拜访了这对夫妻，他们达成了交易。接下来，麦克唐纳又给这支笔做了个广告，一个在华盛顿州西雅图市的艺术家与他交换了一个手工的球形门把手。接着这个门把手又换到了一件更大的物品。

Article这个交换过程一直继续下去，直到交换的物品里包括了一个野营炉、一辆雪地车、一次度假、一辆小型货车、一份音乐工作室录音合约、一套免一年房租的公寓、与摇滚明星共度一下午、在一部好莱坞电影里扮演一个小角色等等。麦克唐纳很想知道：有人会用什么东西来换这个电影角色呢？

Article一天，他接到了一封寄自加拿大萨斯喀彻温省吉普灵镇的信，说要免费提供他该镇“大街”上一套房子。另外，该镇还让他当一天吉普灵镇的荣誉镇长。他们还说要宣布一天官方的“红色回形针日”，在那天会鼓励每个人佩戴红色回形针。作为回报，该镇会为那个电影角色在当地举办试演，把幸运的入选者送到好莱坞。麦克唐纳接受了这个交易，搬进了那套房子。Article之后很快他的计划发展起来了。他扩建了自己的网站，他现在在这个网站上出售红色回形针相关商品，比如T恤，海报。他的知名度也增长了。这个网站已经成为了一个宣传工具，为他自己，也为那些他为之贴上故事的人。他被许多的电视节目和报纸采访，也激励了其他人进行以物易物。都是因为一枚红色回形针，他被选为“40位最伟大的网络明星之一”。

ArticleArticleclip

n.

回形针KyleMacDonald

凯尔•麦克唐纳aspire

vi.

渴望；有志于

innovative

a.

新颖的，有创新精神的Craig’sList

克莱格列表consequently

ad.

所以，结果tradeup

以次换好Vancouver

温哥华reciprocate v.

回报，回应doorknob

n.

球形门把手

swap

v. 交换（尤指双方各得所需之物）van

n.

（厢式）小型货车ArticleKipling

吉普灵镇

Saskatchewan

萨斯喀彻温省★honorary

a.

名誉的；荣誉的

★recipient

n.

接受者，领受者▲merchandise

n.

商品，货物poster

n.

海报；广告（画）numerous

a.

许多的，很多的B.Readagainandchecktwosentencesthatcouldbeaddedtodevelopeachparagraph.PutanXbythesentencethatshouldnotbeadded.READINGANDSPEAKING1.Paragraph2:a.___TheVancouvercouple,whosefishpenhetook,stillhasthepaperclip.b.___MacDonaldtraveledinpersontomeeteveryonethathetradedwith.c.___Hepostedpeople’sstoriesandphotosonablogthathestarted.X

READINGANDSPEAKING2.Paragraph3:a.___MacDonaldworksasawriterandatradeshowrepresentative.b.___Inaddition,theypromisedtobuildtheworld’slargestredpaperclip.c.___Thethree-bedroomhousewasrecentlyremoldedandpainted.X

READINGANDSPEAKING3.Paragraph4:a.___Healsosellssomeshortstoriesthathewrote.b.___Somepeoplethinkhisstoryisjustajoke.c.___Hecreatedamessageboardwhereotherpeoplecantradeitems.X

C.Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourclassmates.READINGANDSPEAKING1.WhydoyouthinksomanypeoplewereinterestedintradingwithMacDonald?2.WhatwouldyouoffertotradewithMacDonaldforhisredpaperclip?3.Whatthingshaveyoutraded(orwouldyoutrade)withpeople?Whatwouldn’tyoutrade?BACKGROUNDINFORMATIONARTICLETRANSLATIONTEXTSTRUCTUREANALYSISREADINGCOMPREHENSIONTEXTABackgroundInformationPaparazziErinPavlinaisaspiritualintuitiveperson,andpsychicwhouseshergiftstohelppeoplerememberwheretheycamefromandgettheirlivesbackontrack.(/topik/about-erin-pavlina)ErinPavlina

每个人都是块鹅卵石。你的行为和选择会通过我们生活的“池塘”传递涟漪效应。你所做的一切会影响其他人。他们所做的一切也会影响你。Peoplearepebbles.Youractionsandyourchoicessendripplesofeffectthroughthepondofourlives.Whatyoudoimpactsotherpeople.Whattheydoimpactsyou.WhatIsYourPebbleDoingtoMyPond?

TRANSLATION1 Haveyoueverthrownapebbleintoastillpondandwatchedtheripples?It’sneat,isn’tit?Evenasmallpebblethrowninoneendofapondcancauseripplesattheotherend.Biggerpebbles,biggerripples.Ifyouwantedtocreatewavesatthefarendofapond,allyou’dhavetodoistothrowapebbleintothenearendofthepond.Suchpower.Suchbeauty.Sosimple.ByErinPavlina

TRANSLATION2 Whathappenswhenyouthrowabunchofpebblesintoapond?Allofthemsendoutripplessimultaneouslyandthewavescrashintoeachother.Theripplesstopgoingwheretheyintendedtogoandgetdivertedinanewdirection.TRANSLATION3 Peoplearepebblestoo.Everyactionyoutake,everychoiceyoumake,sendsripplesofeffectthroughthepondofourreality.Smallacts,smallripples.Bigacts,biggerripples.Whatyoudoimpactsotherpeople.Whattheydoimpactsyou.TRANSLATION4 Whatisyourpebbledoingrightnow?Isitsendingripplesoflove,compassion,andcouragethroughoutourpond,orisitsendingoutripplesofenvy,anger,andfear?Howwouldyoulikeyourpebbletobehave?TRANSLATION5 IrememberonetimeIwastalkingtosomeoneonmycellphonewhiledriving.IwasreallyupsetaboutsomethingandIwasn’tpayingagreatdealofattentiontotheroad.Someonestartedhonkingbehindme,butIdidn’treallyknowiftheywerehonkingatme.WhenIgottothestoplight,thiswomanpulledupbesideme,andIcouldseeshewasyellingatme.Irolleddownmywindowtohearwhatshewassaying.“Youalmostcausedanaccidentbackthere.Getoffyourdamnphonewhileyoudrive.Youcouldkillsomeone!”Shewasreallypissedoff.TRANSLATIONButshewasrightandIwaswrong.SoIsaid,“I’msorry.You’reright.Ishouldn’thavebeenonmyphonewhileIwassoupset.Iwon’tdothatagain.”Shewasn’tsatisfiedwithmyapologyeventhoughitwasquiteheartfeltandsincere.Soshekeptyellingatme.“Peoplelikeyouhavenorespectforthelifeofotherpeople.Mysoncouldhavebeenkilledanditwouldhavebeenallyourfault.”Shecontinuedtoranton.Itwasalonglight.TRANSLATIONFinallyherangergotmeangryaswellandIyelledbacktoher.“Ifyoursonissoimportanttoyouthenwhyisn’theridinginthebackofyourcarinacarseat?”(Hersonwasabout3yearsold,sittinginthefrontpassengerseat,andwasnotinacarseat,averydangeroussituationasyouprobablyknowifyouhavekids.)Shegotflusteredandherfacegotevenredder.HeryellingincreasedandIfinallyjustwavedheroffandrolledupmywindow.

TRANSLATION6 ButIconsideredwhathappenedverycarefullybecauseit’sreallyrarethatIgetthatangry.First,becauseIwassoupsetIwassendingoutripplesoffearandworry.Itnearlycausedanaccident!Myripplecausedhertofeelfearandangerandsheletmehaveit!Itriedtostoptheviolentrippleswithasincereapologybutbythentheinitialripplesweretoolargeandjustwashedovermysmallattempttocreatepeaceinourpond.TRANSLATIONFinally,herangerripplesoverwhelmedmeandIrespondedinkindwithsomehostileripplesofmyown.Oncethelightturnedgreenshespedpastme,nearlycutmeoffgettinginfrontofme,andspedawayinobviousanger.Iknowwithoutadoubtthatbothofusweredrivingupset.IknewIneededtodosomethingtochangetheripples,atleastinmyendofthepond.TRANSLATION7 Ireachedmydestination,thegrocerystore,andIsawahomelessmanholdingasignthatsaid,“WorldWarIIveteran.Homeless.Ineedhelp.”Ifeltbad,butkeptdriving,andwentgroceryshopping.WhenIcameoutIwasmuchcalmerandthehomelessmancametomindagain.IrememberthinkingthathereIwasupsetaboutsomethingsotrivialcomparedtothehellthathomelessmanmustbegoingthrougheachday.TRANSLATIONIresolvedtostopfeelingsorryformyself.Idroveuptothehomelessmanandgavehimatwenty-dollarbill.Hewassoshockedthathealmostdidn’ttakeit.Ihadtoinsistthatitwasmypleasuretogiveittohim.Hethankedme,blessedme,andstartedcrying.Istartedcryingaswell.TRANSLATION8 Ispenttherestofthedaysendingripplesoflove,compassion,andjoytothepeoplearoundme.I’mnotsurewhattheladywiththekidinthecardidwhenshegothome,butIhopeshefoundsomepeace,asIdid.TRANSLATION9 Thisisonesmallexample.Onestory.Onesetofripples.Whathappenstoourpondwhenweallgetupset,angry,andfrustrated?Theripplesfromthosewavescanbeviolent,hurtful,anddangerous.Evenifyouwantedtostopthemitwouldbetoughifeveryoneelsewasthrowingpebblesintothewaterwithnegativeintentions.Yourpeacefulrippleswouldbarelychangetheflowofthepond.Butwemusttakebackourpond!Doyouwanttoliveinapondwherethewaterissloshingaroundviolentlyanddrowningpeopleordoyouwanttoliveinapeacefulpondthat’sbeautifulandlife-giving?TRANSLATION10 Getcontrolofyourpebble,people.Theripplesyousendintoourpondwillcomebacktoyou,three-fold,ten-fold,ahundred-fold!Consciouslydecidewhatkindofripplesyouwanttosendintotheoceanofourlives.Andwhenyoufeelarippleofangerhityousquareintheface,trytoignoreitandletitpassthroughyou.Sendingoutyourownrippleofangerjustgetseveryonesplashed.TRANSLATION11 I’vemadeaconsciousdecisiontosendoutpositiveripplesoflove,compassion,andkindness.SometimesIgetupset.SometimesIgetflustered.SometimesIevenyell.ButI’mworkingonit,consciously.Ifyou’regoingtochoosetosendoutnegativeenergyripples,thenpleasekeepyourpebblefarawayfromme.Mypartofthepondthanksyou.TEXTSTRUCTUREANALYSISOne1-4Wearepebblesandwhateverwedoimpactsothers.Two5-8Myexperienceillustratesthatwecansendbothpositiveandnegativeripplestoothers.Three9-11

Weshouldcontrolourpebbles.PartParagraphMainIdea1.Theword“pebble”inthetitlerefersto____________.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationfromthetext.READINGCOMPREHENSIONA.asmallsmoothstoneB.aperson’sactionsorchoicesC.somethingthatcausesripplesinastillpondD.theimpactaperson’sbehaviormakesB2.Howdoesourbehaviorimpactothers?________READINGCOMPREHENSIONA.Ourbehavioralwaysimpactsothers,butwemaynotbeimpactedbyothers’behavior.B.Ourbehaviorsometimeshasnoinfluenceonotherpeople.C.Itdependsonthepowerofthebehavior.D.Ourbehavioralwayssendsripplesofeffecttoothers.D3.ThewomanImetwhenIwasdrivingwasangrybecause___________.READINGCOMPREHENSIONA.IspedpastherwithouthonkingB.IcausedanaccidentandhersonwashurtC.IdidnotapologizeformyfaultandyelledatherinsteadD.IwasonthephonewhiledrivingandpaidnoattentiontotheroadD4.Howdidtheargumentwiththewomanend?____READINGCOMPREHENSIONA.Imadeasincereapology,whichsatisfiedthewoman.B.ThewomankeptyellingatmeandIkeptsilentuntilthelightturnedgreen.C.Thewoman’sangergotmeangryaswell,andbothofusweredrivingupsetfinally.D.Iyelledbacktothewomanandshefeltguiltyaboutherownmistake.C

5.AfterIhelpedthehomelessveteranIstartedcrying,because______________.READINGCOMPREHENSIONA.thehomelessmanstartedcryingfirstB.IfeltbadaftertheargumentwiththewomanC.IfoundsomepeaceaftersendingpositiveripplestotheveteranD.IfeltpityforthehomelessmanwhomustbegoingthroughalotofdifficultiesC

6.AccordingtoParagraph9,itwouldbedifficultforyoutostopthenegativerippleswhen___________.READINGCOMPREHENSIONA.alltheotherpeopleareupset,angryandfrustratedB.yourpeacefulripplesaresmallC.youliveinapondwherethewaterisviolent,hurtfulanddangerousD.youcan’tgetcontrolofyourpebbleA

7.Inthelastparagraph,Imadeadecision_______________.READINGCOMPREHENSIONA.tocontrolmypebbleandtrytosendoutpositiveripplesB.toignoreripplesofangersentbyothersC.nottogetupset,flusteredorangryanymoreD.tohelpthepeoplearoundmeinordertofindpeaceA

READINGCOMPREHENSION8.Ifyouthrowapebbleintoapond,youwillsee___________________________.9.Ababyissupposedtositin___________________________whenhe/sheisinamovingcar.10.Ihelpedthepoorhomelessmanby___________________________.ripplesacarseatgivinghimatwenty-dollarbillB.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.READINGCOMPREHENSIONWhatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“peoplearepebbles”?Apebblethrowninoneendofapondcancauseripplesattheotherend.Similarly,People’sactionssendripplesofeffectthroughthepondoftheirlife.READINGCOMPREHENSION2.Howdidthewriterfindpeaceaftertheargumentwiththewoman?Firstshehelpedahomelessveteran,thenshespenttherestofthedaysendingpositiveripplestothepeoplearoundher.She’dlikeherpebbletosendoutpositiveripplesoflove,compassion,andkindness.3.Howwouldthewriterlikeherpebbletobehave?

C.Discussthefollowingquestionswithapartner.READINGCOMPREHENSION

DropaPebbleintheWaterDropapebbleinthewater:justasplash,anditisgone;Butthere’shalf-a-hundredripplescirclingonandonandon,Spreading,spreadingfromthecenter,flowingonouttothesea.Andthereisnowayoftellingwheretheendisgoingtobe.READINGCOMPREHENSION

Dropapebbleinthewater:inaminuteyouforget,Butthere’slittlewavesa-flowing,andthere’sripplescirclingyet,Andthoselittlewavesa-flowingtoagreatbigwavehavegrown;You’vedisturbedamightyriverjustbydroppinginastone.READINGCOMPREHENSION

Dropanunkindword,orcareless:inaminuteitisgone;Butthere’shalf-a-hundredripplescirclingonandonandon.Theykeepspreading,spreading,spreadingfromthecenterastheygo,Andthereisnowaytostopthem,onceyou’vestartedthemtoflow.READINGCOMPREHENSION

Dropanunkindword,orcareless:inaminuteyouforget;Butthere’slittlewavesa-flowing,andthere’sripplescirclingyet,Andperhapsinsomesadheartamightywaveoftearsyou’vestirred,Anddisturbedalifethatwashappyereyoudroppedthatunkindword.READINGCOMPREHENSION

Dropawordofcheerandkindness:justaflashanditisgone;Butthere’shalf-a-hundredripplescirclingonandonandon,Bearinghopeandjoyandcomfortoneachsplashing,dashingwave，Tillyouwouldn’tbelievethevolumeoftheonekindwordyougave.READINGCOMPREHENSION

Dropawordofcheerandkindness:inaminuteyouforget;Butthere’sgladnessstilla-swelling,andthere’sjoya-circlingyet,Andyou’verolledawaveofcomfortwhosesweetmusiccanbeheard，Overmilesandmilesofwaterjustbydroppingonekindword.READINGCOMPREHENSION1.WhatcanyoulearnfromthisinspirationalpoembyJamesW.Foley?Sooftenweareunawareoftherippleeffectofourconduct:asmileorakindwordthatliftsthespiritofsomeone,aremark,anactofkindnessorrudeness.Theseallcanhavelongtermeffects.READINGCOMPREHENSION2.Canyougivesomereallifeexampleswhichillustrateyourunderstandingofthepoem?SometimessomeonemaytellussomethingthatIdidorsaidlongagoandthatIhavenomemoryofatall,eitherbenefitedthemorhurttheirfeelings.

READINGCOMPREHENSION3.HowdoyouunderstandTryonEdwards’words:“Thoughtsleadontopurposes;purposesgoforthinaction;actionsformhabits;habitsdecidecharacter;andcharacterfixesourdestiny”?Thewordsareveryinspiring.Thewayswethinkanddorepeatedlyondailybasiswillformourhabits,becomeourcharactersandfinallyhavegreateffectonourlife.Ifwewanttosucceed,weneedtobroadenourhorizon,enrichourthoughtsfirst.VocabularyStudythewordsthatcancollocatewith“divert”andcompletethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Traffic1.__________willbedivertedthroughthesidestreetswhilethemainroadisresurfaced.2.Thescandaldivertedpublic__________fromthegovernment’sproblemsatacrucialstageintheelectioncampaign.attention

watertraffic

flight

fundsthoughts

staffhighly

oneself

momentarilyattention3.Nothingcoulddiverthis__________

fromhismother’ssuddendeath.4.Our__________hadtobedivertedtoanothercitybecauseofthestorm.attention

watertraffic

flight

fundsthoughts

staffhighly

oneself

momentarilythoughtsflights5.Wefeelitdesirabletodivert__________fromarmaments(军备)tohealthandeducation.6.Additional__________havebeendivertedintothedepartmenttocopewiththeextrawork.attention

watertraffic

flight

fundsthoughts

staffhighly

oneself

momentarilyfundsstaff7.TheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject,consistingofeastern,middleandwesternroutes,isdesignedtodivert__________fromthewater-richsouthtothedrynorth.8.Forsometimehediverted__________bywatchingsomeoldfavoriteTVserials.attention

watertraffic

flight

fundsthoughts

staffhighly

oneself

momentarilywaterhimself9.Myattentionwas__________divertedbythesoundofsomeonesinging.10.Theoldmanwas__________divertedwithhimself.attention

watertraffic

flight

fundsthoughts

staffhighly

oneself

momentarilymomentarilyhighlyBACKGROUNDINFORMATIONARTICLETRANSLATIONTEXTSTRUCTUREANALYSISREADINGCOMPREHENSIONTEXTBBackgroundInformationOFtextBBostonPopsFireworksSpectacular

PaparazziTheBostonPopsOrchestrahashostedamusicandfireworksshowovertheCharlesRiverEsplanadecalledthe“BostonPopsFireworksSpectacular”annuallysince1973.Theeventwasbroadcastnationallyfrom1987until2002ontheA&ENetwork,andhasairedsince2003onCBS.(/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)BackgroundInformationOFtextB

BostonPops(Orchestra)

Paparazzi

TheBostonPopsOrchestraisanAmericanorchestrainBoston,Massachusetts,whichspecializesinplayinglightclassicalandpopularmusic.TheBostonPopswasfoundedin1885asasecond,popularidentityoftheBostonSymphonyOrchestra(BSO),foundedfouryearsearlier.ConsistingofmostofthemusiciansoftheBSO,althoughgenerallynotthefirst-chairplayers,theorchestraperformsasummerseasonofpopularmusicinacasualsettingatSymphonyHall,andoutdoorsattheHatchShellontheEsplanade,bothinBoston.CloselyidentifiedwithitslongtimedirectorArthurFiedler,theorchestrahasrecordedextensively,madefrequenttoursandappearedregularlyontelevision.(/wiki/Boston_Pops_Orchestra)BackgroundInformationOFtextBRascalFlattsPaparazziRascalFlattsisanAmericancountrymusicbandfoundedinColumbus,Ohio.Sinceitsinception,RascalFlattshasbeencomposedofthreemembers:GaryLeVox(leadvocals),JayDeMarcus(bassguitar,keyboards/piano,vocals),andJoeDonRooney(leadguitar,vocals).(/wiki/Rascal_Flatts)BackgroundInformationOFtextBDeclarationofIndependence

PaparazziDeclarationofIndependenceisastatementadoptedbytheContinentalCongressonJuly4,1776,whichannouncedthatthethirteenAmericancoloniesthenatwarwithGreatBritainwerenowindependentstates,andthusnolongerapartoftheBritishEmpire.WrittenprimarilybyThomasJefferson,theDeclarationisaformalexplanationofwhyCongresshadvotedonJuly2todeclareindependencefromGreatBritain,morethanayearaftertheoutbreakoftheAmericanRevolutionaryWar.ThebirthdayoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica—IndependenceDayiscelebratedonJuly4,thedaythewordingoftheDeclarationwasapprovedbyCongress.（/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence）BackgroundInformationOFtextBArthurFiedler

PaparazziArthurFiedler(December17,1894–July10,1979)wasalong-timeconductoroftheBostonPopsOrchestra.Withacombinationofmusicianshipandshowmanship,hemadetheBostonPopsoneofthebest-knownorchestrasinthecountry.Somepeoplecriticizedhimforover-popularizingmusic,particularlywhenadaptingpopularsongsoreditedportionsoftheclassicalrepertoire,butFiedlerkeptperformancesinformalandsometimesself-mockingtoattractmorecustomers.(/wiki/Arthur_Fiedler）BackgroundInformationOFtextBRhondaByrne

PaparazziRhondaByrne(bornMarch12,1951)isanAustraliantelevisionwriterandproducer,bestknownforherworks,TheSecret—abookandafilmbythesamename.BytheSpringof2007thebookhadsoldalmost4millioncopies,andtheDVDhadsoldmorethan2millioncopies.ShehasalsobeenaproducerforSensingMurder.AccordingtoanarticlepublishedbyAustralia’sHeraldSun,ByrnehasalsoworkedontheAustralianTVseriesWorld’sGreatestCommercialsandMarryMe.In2007,ByrnewaslistedamongTimeMagazine’slistof100peoplewhoshapetheworld.(/wiki/Rhonda_Byrne)BackgroundInformationOFtextBRandyPauschandhis“LastLecture”PaparazziRandyPauschwasaprofessorofComputerScience,HumanComputerInteraction,andDesignatCarnegieMellonUniversity.OnSeptember18,2007,RandyPauschsteppedinfrontofanaudienceof400peopleatCarnegieMellonUniversitytodeliveralastlecturecalled“ReallyAchievingYourChildhoodDreams”.WithslidesofhisCTscansbeamingouttotheaudience,Randytoldhisaudienceaboutthecancerthatisdevouringhispancreasandthatwillcla