专题19 必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（练）（含答案解析）

2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第18讲必修4Unit1——练I.单词拼写（根据汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式）Theirtalkranupontheproblemsofsocial（福禾ll）andsocialsecuritysystem.Inordertotransformtheirenvironment,hedrewupthe（工程）withpainstakingaccuracy.Thereisamiddleschoolattachedtothe（协会）.A（运动）isaplannedsetofactivitiesthatpeoplecarryoutoveraperiodoftimeinordertoachievesomethingsuchassocialorpoliticalchange.（I阿凉处）meansslightdarknessorshelterfromthedirectlightofthesunmadebysomethingblockingit.Itisn't（值得的）spendingsomuchtimeonminorproblems.A（巢,窝）isaplacemadeorchosenbyabirdtolayitseggsinandtolivein.Itistheemotional（纽带）betweenmotherandchildthatcounts.Youcannotforgetwhatyoulearnedinyour（童年）easily.Someonewhois（坦诚）givestheiropinionsaboutthingsopenlyandhonestly,eveniftheyarelikelytoshockoroffendpeople.（敬意）meansafeelingofadmiringsomeoneorwhattheydo,especiallybecauseoftheirpersonalqualities,knowledge,orskills.Hewantedtogounnoticed,tobeoneofthe（人群）.The（观众）ataplay,concert,film,orpublicmeetingisthegroupofpeoplewatchingorlisteningtoit.（生涯）meansajoborprofessionthatyouhavebeentrainedfor,andwhichyoudoforalongperiodofyourlife.Immediatelyhisheart（比率）（=thenumberofbeatsperminute）increased.An（紧急'情况）isanunexpectedanddifficultordangeroussituation,especiallyanaccident,thathappenssuddenlyandthatrequiresquickactiontodealwithit.Ifyousaythatsomeoneis（谦虚的），youapproveofthembecausetheydonottalkmuchabouttheirabilitiesorachievements.Itwasvery（考虑周至U的）ofyoutoletusknowyouweregoingtobelate.yourkitchentableorinthegarage.Ifweatherpermits,letkidspaintoutside.Avoidgivingdirections.Don'ttellyourkidwhattomakeorhowtomakeit.Insteadofsaying,"Paintarainbow,"encourageherto"experimentwithmixingcolorsusingdifferenttypesofbrushesandpaper."Whenachildfinishesapiece,don'tsuggestadditionsorchanges.5.A.Sojustprepareforamess.B,Preschoolersliketobealone.Littlekidsaremastersofthemoment.Thatcanbehardforparentstoaccept.Remembertowarthemagainsttheircarelessmistakes.You'realsohelpinghimdevelopmentally,socially,andemotionally.Letyourchildfeelhercreationisenough—evenifit'sjustadotonthepage.【答案】1.C2.D3.F4.A5.G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何让孩子们自由创作，培养想象力，以及其好处。上文“Untilyoumentionedit,shehadn'tgivenitanythough.（在你提到这个问题之前，她还没有考虑过。）“说明孩子们不会主动思考自己的行为，设空处承上启下，下文“Theylovethewayitfeelswhentheypourpaintonpaper,howitlookswhentheywildlydropglitter,andeventhesoftsoundabrushmakesasitcrossesthepage.（他们喜欢把颜料倒在纸上的感觉，喜欢在纸上疯狂滴下闪光时的样子，甚至喜欢画笔在纸上划过时发出的轻柔声音。厂指出孩子们喜欢的几种行为。C项“小孩子是当下的主人。”符合文意，承上启下。故选C项。根据上文“Mostpreschoolersaren'tseli-consciousaboutwhatthey'redoingorfocusedoncreatingafinishedproduct.（大多数学龄前儿童对自己正在做的事情没有自我意识，也没有专注于制作成品户可知，大多数学龄前儿童不会主动考虑自己正在做的事情。下文“Butlettinggo—andallowingkidstoenjoytheprocessofcreation-canharvestbigrewards.（但是放手让孩子们享受创造的过程可以收获巨大的回报）”与上文呈转折关系，指出应该放手去让孩子大胆创作。D项“这对父母来说很难接受。”符合文意，与下文呈转折关系。故选D项。上文“Fosteringcreativitywon'tjustincreaseyourchild'schancesofbecomingthenextPicasso.（培养仓ij造力不仅仅会增加你的孩子成为下一个毕加索的机会）”说明了培养创造力的一个好处。通过句中的“won'tjust（不仅仅）”可知，下文要介绍让孩子培养创造力的其它好处。F项“你也在帮助他发展精神、社交和情感。”符合文意。故选F项。通过下文“Setupanartspacewhereyourkidcanbefreetoexperiment.Throwadropclothoranewspaperontopofyourkitchentableorinthegarage.Ifweatherpermits,letkidspaintoutside.Avoidgivingdirections.Don'ttellyourkidwhattomakeorhowtomakeit.Insteadofsaying,"Paintarainbow,encourageherto"experimentwithmixingcolorsusingdifferenttypesofbrushesandpaper."Whenachildfinishesapiece,don'tsuggestadditionsorchanges』设立一个艺术空间，让你的孩子可以自由地进行实验。把一块抹布或一份报纸扔到你的厨房桌子上或车库里。如果天气允许，让孩子们在外面画画。避免指路。不要告诉你的孩子做什么或者怎么做。与其说“画彩虹。不如鼓励她“尝试用不同类型的画笔和纸混合颜色:当孩子画完一幅作品时，不要建议添加或更改广可知，本段主要介绍了要为孩子随时创作提供条件。设空处总结本段，A项”要准备好迎接混乱的局面。''为总结性话语、符合本段大意。故选A项。上文“Whenachildfinishesapiece,don'tsuggestadditionsorchanges.（当孩子画完一幅作品时，不要建议添加或更改）”指出，当孩子完成一幅作品时，不要建议添加或修改。G项“让你的孩子感到她的创作是足够的，即使它只是页面上的一个点。”承接上文，符合文意。故选G项。X.（2021•安徽毛坦厂中学）假设你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Jack在来信中提到对中国唐诗感兴趣，并请求你介绍一位你最喜欢的唐代诗人。请你给Jack回信，内容包括诗人简介及你喜欢他的原因。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】DearJack,I'mgladtohearfromyou.IfeelproudknowingyouareinterestedinTangpoems.Asformyfavoritepoet,itmustbeLiBai.LivinginagoldenageofChinesepoetry,LiBaiisbestknownforhisrichimaginationandstrikingimageryinhispoetry,aswellasforhisgreatloveforliquor.Manyofhispoemswillremaintoday.LiBaiisregardedasthegreatestromanticpoetoftheTangDynasty.WhatIappreciatemostarehislandscapepoems,whichareclearandnaturalinwordswithprofoundmessages.Theyconveyhisstronglovefornature,friendsandthepeople.Bestwishes.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给新西兰朋友Jack写一封信，介绍一位你最喜欢的唐代诗人及你喜欢他的原因。第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求:.介绍一位你最喜欢的唐代诗人及诗人简介;.介绍你喜欢这位诗人的原因。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）hearfrom;beinterestedin;agoldenageofChinesepoetry;bebestknownfor;beregardedas第三步：连词成句feelproudknowingyouareinterestedinTangpoems.Asformyfavoritepoet,itmustbeLiBai.LivinginagoldenageofChinesepoetry,LiBaiisbestknownforhisrichimaginationandstrikingimageryinhispoetry,aswellasforhisgreatloveforliquor.LiBaiisregardedasthegreatestromanticpoetoftheTangDynasty.WhatIappreciatemostarehislandscapepoems,whichareclearandnaturalinwordswithprofoundmessages.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）本文主要运用了表并列补充关系的衔接词：aswellas,and连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1].LivinginagoldenageofChinesepoetry,LiBaiisbestknownforhisrichimaginationandstrikingimageryinhispoetry,aswellasforhisgreatloveforliquor.（用现在分词短语在句中作状语，介绍李白生活的时代背景）[高分句型2],WhatIappreciatemostarehislandscapepoems,whichareclearandnaturalinwordswithprofoundmessages.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）Localpeoplehavegivenusalotof(支持)inourcampaign.Thestoryhasbeenhandeddownfrom(一代)to(一代).【答案】1.ject3.institute4.campaign5.Shade6.worthwhile7.nest8.bond9.childhood10.outspoken11.Respect12.crowd13.audience14.Career15.rate16.emergency17.modest18.considerate19.support20.generation;generationIL单句语法填空(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)Ifsomeone(campaign)forsomething,theycarryoutaplannedsetofactivitiesoveraperiodoftimeinordertoachievetheiraim.Hewasalittleboy,buthe(behave)asifhewasanadult.(shade)hereyes,Anitascannedthehorizon.Itwas(observe)that40percentofpatientshadhighbloodpressure.Shesaidshewantedtoleave,andherfather(respect)herwishes.Ifoneperson(argue)withanother,theyspeakangrilytoeachotheraboutsomethingthattheydisagreeabout.Strangethoughtsandworrieswerehismind.Thatis,hismindwaswithstrangethoughtsandworries,(crowd)(inspire)bythesunnyweather,Idecidedtoexplorethewoods.Weneed(support)ourteachersintheireffortstoraisestandards.Thehospitalnow(refer)topatientsbyname,notcasenumber.Thismoneyis(intend)forthedevelopmentofthetouristindustry.Fmhavingsomeflowers(deliver)forherbirthday.Afteryearsofhardwork,sheeventually(achieve)hergoalofbecomingaprofessor.Sheentertainedthechildrenstories,songsanddrama.NobodybeforeJane(full)understoodchimpbehaviors.Tohelpothersmeans(help)yourself.(watch)afamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.(follow)Jane'swayofstudyingchimps,ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemintheforest.WhowerethewomenthatLinQiaozhithought(need)thisadvice?Nowadayschildrendevotetoomuchtimeto(play)computergames.【答案】1.campaigns2.behaved3.Shading4.observed5.respected6.argues7.crowding;crowded8.Iended12.delivered13.achieved14.with15.fully16.helping/tohelp17.watching18.Following19.needed20.playingIII.词性、词形转换(请用括号内所给词的正确形式填空)1.Asweclimbedthefinalfewmetersupthemountain,wefeltasenseof(achieve).(connect)isthewayinwhichtwofacts,ideas,eventsetc.arerelatedtoeachother,andoneisaffectedorcausedbytheother.An(organize)isanofficialgroupofpeople,forexample,apoliticalparty,abusiness,acharity,oraclub.People'soranimals*(behave)isthewaythattheybehave.Youcanrefertoatypicalandrepeatedwayofbehavingasabehaviour.Detailed(observe)werecarriedoutonthebehaviourofthestudents.(deliver)isthebringingofletters,packages,orothergoodstosomeone'shouseortoanotherplacewheretheywantthem.Someoneorsomethingthatis(respect)isadmiredandconsideredimportantbymanypeople.Therehavebeenalotof(argue)aboutwhowasresponsiblefortheaccident.Internethasbeenthemostpopularformof(entertain).Thetrainwasvery(crowd)withpassengers,andwehadtostand.(inspire)isagoodideaaboutwhatyoushoulddo,write,sayetc.,especiallyonewhichyougetsuddenly.Thankyoufor(support)meinmydreamwork.Theaboveviewsmayormaynotbecorrect,whichareonlyforyour(refer).Afterawhile,the(sick)graduallypassedandshestruggledtothedoor.Theywentintotownwiththe(intend)ofvisitingthelibrary.Theyounger(generate)don'tknowwhathardworkmeans.(determine)isthequalitythatyoushowwhenyouhavedecidedtodosomethingandyouwillnotletanythingstopyou.IneverydayEnglish,whenyouarethankingpeopleforhelpingyou,thenormalphrasetouseisThanksfor(all)yourhelp.ThephraseThankyouforyour(kind)soundsverypoliteandslightlyold-fashioned.Safedrivingisgooddrivingbecauseittakesinto(consider)thelivesofotherpeople.Someonewhoshows(modest)doesnottalkmuchabouttheirabilitiesorachievements.【答案】1.achievement（n.成就）2.Connection（n.连接）3.organization（n.组织）4.behavio（u）r（n.举止）5.observation（n.观察）6.Delivery（n.递送）7.respected（adj.受尊敬的）8.arguments（n.争论）9.entertainment（n.消遣）10.crowded（adj.拥挤的）11.Inspiration（n.灵感）12.supporting（v.支持）13.reference（n.参考）14.sickness（n.呕吐）15.intention（n.意图）16.generation（n.一代）17.Determination（n.决心）18.kindness（n.仁慈）19.consideration（n.考虑）20.modesty（n.谦逊）IV.短语练习（用所列短语的适当形式填空）arguefor/with/against;bychance;carryon;comeacrosssb/sth;crowdin;humanbeing;leada...life;lookdownupon/on;moveoff;referto1.AtthemeetingMr.Whitehissuccesshishardwork.2.1wasn'tsuccessful,sotheyme.Marypublishingthisbook,becauseitisharmfultochildrenGilwavedhishandandthecar.Thetreatmentwillbetriedoutononlyafterithasbeenshowntobesafeinanimals.Fveneversuchanexperienceinmytime.InChina,ifyouarehardworkingandsimple,itisnothardtobehappy.Hisencouragementdeterminedustowiththestudy.TheapplefellonNewton'shead.Memoriesonhimassoonashemethisoldfriendwhomhehadheardnothingofforoverthirtyyears.】1.referred;eacross7.leada;life8.cairyon9.bychance10.crowdedinV.句式结构练习（根据汉语提示或者句式结构填空）ayounggirl,shealwayswantedtostudyanimals.当是个小女孩的时候，她就一直想研究动物。Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthstobeginherproject.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。whenheisselflesscanamanbefearless.无私才无畏。WhenshefirstarrivedinGombein1960,itwasunusualawomanintheforest.当她I960年最初来到贡贝时，对女性来说，住进大森林还是很稀罕的事情。Thismeansgoingbacktotheplaceweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。Suddenlyhitmehowdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicinetrainingatthattime.我突然想起在那个年代每一个女子去学医是多么困难啊！Afteraminute,methiswasalessonIcoulddrawfrom.Ilearnedsomethingaboutmyselfinthatmoment.过了一会儿，我突然发现这是我能从中吸取的经验。在那一刻，我对自己有了一些认识。Furtherreadingmademerealizeitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenaturegotherintomedicalschool.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。OnceIstop,itallcomesandIrememberthechimpsinlaboratories.一旦我停下来,往事蜂拥而至，我想起了实验室里的大猩猩。youhaveseenthat,youcanneverforgetit.——旦相见，难以忘记。【答案】1.As2・wassheallowed3.Only4.for;tolive5.where6.it7.ithitmethat8.that;that9.crowdingin10.OnceVI.课文语法填空(阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)JaneGoodall,whohadintended1(work)withanimalsintheirownenvironment2herchildhood,wenttoAfricaanddevoted3(her)tostudyingthebehaviorofchimps.Itwastough,4sheconsidereditasaworthwhilecareer.Throughherstudy,welearnedmuchmoreaboutchimps.She5(argue)thatthelifeoftheseanimalsshould6(respect)andthattheyshouldbeleftin7wildandnotusedforentertaining.Besides,shewasvery8(consider)towardstheseanimals.Nowshehasachievedeverythingshewantedtodo,9(inspire)thosewhowanttocheertheachievementsof10(woman)...10.【答案】1.towork/working2.since3.herself4.but5.argued6.berespected7.the8.considerate9.inspiring10.women非谓语动词专练VII.单项选择(2021•山东高考真题)Iwillgotothehospitaltohavemyeyestomorrow.

A.checkB.tocheckC.checkedD.checkingA.checkB.tocheckC.checkedD.checking【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我明天要去医院检查眼睛。havesth.done表示“使（让，要，叫）某事被做"，强调主语意志，过去分词done所表示的动作由他人完成。故选C。（2021•山东高考真题）theGreatWallisMr.Smith'sdreamofthisyear.A.TovisitB.VisitC.VisitedD.Visits【答案】A【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：参观长城是史密斯先生今年的梦想。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语；结合选项可知，动词不定式可以作主语。故选A。（2021•江苏高三）Muchadvancedtechnologyhasbeenintroduced,toagreatincreaseinproductioninthecompany.A.ledB.toleadC.leadingD.beled【答案】C【解析】考查现在分词作结果状语。句意：引进了许多先进技术，使公司的生产大大增加。此处句子主语部分Muchadvancedtechnology和lead之间是主动关系，是现在分词作结果状语。故选C。（2021•银川市第六中学高三三模）HeisastudentatOxfordUniversityforadegreeincomputerscience.A.studiedB.studyingC.tostudyD.tobestudying【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是牛津大学的一名攻读计算机科学学位的学生。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语is,所以此空应用非谓语动词，结合句意，可知此空是空前名词astudent的定语，astudent与study之间是主动关系，且表示“正在攻读计算机科学学位。所以用现在分词，故选B。（2021•银川市第六中学高三三模）Isn'tittimeyougotdowntothepapers?A.markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你不是该认真批改试卷了？固定搭配getdowntodoingsth.“开始做某事”，其中t。为介词，后面接动名词或名词，所以排除A、B项。mark和逻辑主语you之间为主动关系，所以用marking,故选D项。（2021•北京师范大学天津附属中学）AllIcandoisatricycleandmakemoneyforthestudents.A.ride.B.torideC.ridingD.rodeA.ride.B.torideC.ridingD.rode【答案】A【解析】考查不定式。句意：我所能做的是骑三轮车为我的学生赚钱。根据句子结构可知，设空处作表语。根据AHleando可知，句子的主语含有do,所以作表语的不定式可以省略t。，故填动词原形。故选A项。（2021•北京师范大学天津附属中学）Takingyears,theQinghai-TibetRailwayisarecordofallofoureffortstoovercomethemostdifficultengineeringchallenges.A.completingB.havingbeencompletedC.tocompleteD.completed【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：青藏铁路历时数年建成，记录了我们克服工程中最困难的挑战。空格所在的部分是句子的主语，“ittakes+时间+todo”是一个固定搭配，故空格处填不定式tocomplete。本句中用“Taking”部分作状语。故选C。（2021•天津耀华滨海学校高三三模）ManychildrenofChineseimmigrantsinCanadastudyEnglishatschoolandspeakChineseathome,tofluencyinbothlanguages.A.ledB.toleadC.leadingD.havingled.【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多在加拿大的中国移民的孩子在学校学习英语，在家里说中文，因此两种语言都很流利。leadto为固定短语，意为“造成，导致，致使二分析句子可知，该句已有动词，设空出应为非谓语动词，另因逻辑主语ManychildrenofChineseimmigrantsinCanadastudyEnglishatschoolandspeakChineseathome与leadto互为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，在句中作状语。故选C项。（2021•天津）IntheChinesemarket,manyforeignbrands,theirreputationsoverdecades,arefacingnewchallengesduetoCOVID-19.A.beingdevelopedB.developingC.havingdevelopedD.developed【答案】c【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国市场上，许多已经发展了其声誉超过几十年的外国品牌，正因COVID-19而面临新的挑战。句中有逗号分隔，没有连词，要用非谓语动词作定语；develop与逻辑主语brands构成主谓关系，要用表示主动的现在分词，排除A、D项；根据。verdecades可推断，develop的动作发生在谓语动词face之前，要用现在分词的完成式，排除B项。故选C。（2021•天津高三三模）一Haveyoucheckedalltherelieftothepeopleinthedisasterarea?——Yes,severaltimes.ButFilcheckitoncemore.

A.sentsendingtosendtobesentA.sentsendingtosendtobesent【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你检查了要送给灾区人民的所有救济品了吗？——是的，几次了。但是我将再核查一下。分析句子可知，"tothepeopleinthedisasterarea"作定语，修饰relief,relief与send之间是被动关系，根据句意，“救济品还没有发出。表示将来的动作用不定式形式，故选D。VIII.语法填空：(2021.江西南昌市.高三三模)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BorninChinain1911,QianXuesenmajoredinrailroadengineeringatJiaotongUniversityinShanghaibutswitchedtoaeronautics(航空学)in1935LhecametotheUnitedStatestopursuegraduatestudies.He2^_(earn)amaster'sdegreein1936fromMITandthenaPhDin1939.Shortlythereafter,heworkedinAmericaandplayedacontributingroleintheAmericanspaceprogram.In1950,3.(he)requesttoreturntoChinawasdenied.Eventually,heleftwithhisfamilyforChinain1955asaresultofdiplomaticnegotiationsinGeneva.UponhisreturntoChina,Qian4.(appoint)asdirectoroftheInstituteofMechanicsintheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijing.Inthelate1950sandearly1960s,hehelpedChinaconductthefirsttestofanatomic(原子的)bomb5.(deliver)byamediumrangemissilein1966.Hefurthermorecontributed6.Chinalaunchingitsfirstsatellitein1970.Inhislateryears,QianwasalsocreditedinChinafor7.(provide)criticalsupportofthehumanspaceflightprogramwhenitfacedcutbacks.Hewas8.(especial)influentialinhispromotionofsystemsengineeringinaerospace(航天航空)projectsandother92(area)untilhisdeathin2009.Qianisregardedas10.pioneeringandfoundationalfigureinthehistoryofChina'sspaceprogram.【答案】1.viding8.especially9.areas10.a【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了钱学森的求学历程和对国家航空航天事业做出的贡献。.考查定语从句。句意：钱学森1911年出生于中国，在上海交通大学主修铁路工程，但在1935年来到美国攻读研究生时转向航空学。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代词先行词1935在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。.考查一般过去时。句意：1936年，他在麻省理工学院获得硕士学位，1939年获得博士学位。根据in1936可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填e