气温上升加速冰川溶解英国气候专家詹金斯表示课件

Weather&Climate:

IstheWorld’sClimateChanging?Weather&Climate:

IstheWorlGLOBALTEMPERATUREworld’saveragetemperature(1860-2000):15oCtrend:increasingworld’saveragetemperaturewithvariationsincreasesatanincreasingrateGLOBALTEMPERATUREworld’saverTrenddescriptionIncrease/decrease(slowly,gradually,steadily)Increase/decrease(rapidly,sharply)Variations/fluctuations(=upsanddowns)stableTrenddescriptionIncrease/deGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTanaturalprocessgreenhousegasestrapheatkeeptheearthwarmBUTWHATISTHEPRESENTSITUATION?GREENHOUSEEFFECTanaturalproGREENHOUSEGASESmoregreenhousegasesduetoincreasing:urbanactivitiesindustrialactivitiesenhancedGreenhouseEffectGREENHOUSEGASESmoregreenhousGREENHOUSEGASES(CO2)Carbondioxide76%GREENHOUSEGASES(CO2)Carbonduseoffossilfuelsin:powerplantsindustrialactivitiestransportationdeforestationburningoftreesreleaseCO2lesstreesabsorbCO2throughphotosynthesisGREENHOUSEGASES(CO2)useoffossilfuelsin:GREENHOGREENHOUSEGASES(CH4)Methane13%GREENHOUSEGASES(CH4)MethaneagriculturalactivitieswetricegrowingGREENHOUSEGASES(CH4)cattlerearingburningoforganicwasteagriculturalactivitiesGREENHOGREENHOUSEGASES(CFCs)CFCs5%GREENHOUSEGASES(CFCs)CFCsrisinglivingstandards:coolantsinrefrigerators&airconditionersGREENHOUSEGASES(CFCs)foamsaerosolsrisinglivingstandards:GREENHGREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)Nitrousoxide6%GREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)Nitrousfrom:carfumesGREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)factoriesproducingnylonfarmlandsusingnitrogenfertilizersfrom:GREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)facEFFECTSOFGLOBALWARMINGEFFECTSOFGLOBALWARMINGCLIMATICCHANGESTemperaturePolarzonePolarzoneTemperatezoneTemperatezoneTropicalzoneTemperaturegoesup2oCTropicalareaswillextend

.polewardsPolarzonePolarzoneTropicalzoneTemperatezoneTemperatezoneTemperateareaswillalsoshift___________.polewardsCLIMATICCHANGESTemperaturePolequatorialandtropicalregions(hot&warm)expandtemperateandpolarregions(cold)contractCLIMATICCHANGESequatorialandtropicalregionChangingprecipitationpatternPrecipitationSnow______Morewaterisreleased_______precipitation_________evaporationrateHighertemperatureTemperatureincreases.Relativehumidity___________.________precipitation__________mayoccurHigherMoremeltsdecreasesLessDroughtMoreprecipitationorless?ChangingprecipitationpatterncoastalregionswetterinteriorregionsdrierCLIMATICCHANGEScoastalregionsCLIMATICCHANGEExtinctionofwildlifeastheirhabitatsaredestroyedCLIMATICCHANGESExtinctionofwildlifeastheidueto:meltingoficethermalexpansionofseawaterRISEINSEA-LEVELdueto:RISEINSEA-LEVEL全球暖化會導致兩情發生一是海水受熱膨脹令水位上升﹔二是冰川和格陵蘭及南極洲上的冰塊溶解使海洋水分增加。預期到二一零零年時海平面會上升十五到九十五公分。

全球暖化會導致兩情發生一是海水氣溫上升加速冰川溶解英國氣候專家詹金斯表示﹐估計全球氣溫在未來一百年將會上升二點五至四點四攝氏度﹐冰川和冰山會加速溶化﹐令海洋水位上升至少十八至十九吋。孟加拉政府表示﹐若孟加拉灣的水位上升三尺三吋﹐孟加拉便會有百分之十七點五的土地被水淹﹐令一千七百萬人無家可歸。

氣溫上升加速冰川溶解英國氣候專家

【明報專訊】全球暖化已令太平洋小島居民遭殃。英國《獨立報》報道﹐太平洋島國巴布亞新畿內亞政府﹐前天向國內約克公爵群島一千名居民宣布﹐由於全球暖化令水位上升﹐他們將要遷徙至附近地勢較高的島嶼﹐令他們成為全球首批因全球暖化問題而被迫遷離家園的居民。

全球暖化水位升太平洋島民「逃亡」

【明報專訊】全球暖化已令太causes:coastalfloodingRISEINSEA-LEVELcauses:RISEINSEA-LEVELcauses:drowningofislands,e.g.MaldivesRISEINSEA-LEVELcauses:RISEINSEA-LEVELMORE:typhoonsfloodingsdroughtpoorharvestfaminelossoflifeandpropertyMOREHAZARDSMORE:MOREHAZARDSMOREHAZARDS星島日報

(2/8/2005)美國一個研究發現，全球暖化使颶風增強。科學家表示這個發現令人驚訝和擔憂的，因為溫室效應已經影響風暴。但這個研究並不表示，全球暖化會衍生更多颶風和颱風。麻省理工學院氣候學家伊曼紐爾分析從風暴收集得來的數據，首次發現自一九七○年以來，在大西洋和太平洋形成的主要風暴的持久度和強度增加了百分之五十。這個趨勢與海洋表面平均氣溫上升有密切關係，同時亦與全球平均氣溫上升相符。在這個研究以前，大部分的研究人員都認為，全球暖化對強大的颶風的影響微不足道，難以量度。大部分的預測指在二○五○年以前，氣候的轉變都不會對熱帶風暴有重大影響。MOREHAZARDS星島日報(2/8/2005)溫室效應港颱風增【明報專訊】地勢較高的香港被海水淹沒的機會雖然較低﹐但溫室效應對本港亦有莫大影響。環保團體「綠色和平」策劃幹事林孝建表示﹐溫室效應為本港帶來更多颱風。兩年前﹐曾有颱風早於四月吹襲本港﹐今年則踏入十一月後﹐也本港也受颱風威脅﹐正是厄爾尼諾現象加溫室效應帶來的影響。

溫室效應港颱風增【明報專訊】地勢較高的heatwavesHEALTHPROBLEMheatwavesHEALTHPROBLEMHEALTHPROBLEMspreadofdiseases,e.g.malariaHEALTHPROBLEMspreadofdiseasSOLUTIONSSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTPOLICYEconomyEnvironmentSocietySustainabledevelopmentlongtermdevelopmentpolicylookaftertheeconomic,social&environmentalneedsofthepresent&futuregenerationsSOLUTIONSSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMESOLUTIONSDeveloprenewable

&pollution-freepowerresourceslimittheproductionwithCFCsLimitthecuttingoftreesPlantmoretreesenergy-savingelectricalappliances&machineryReplacefossilfuelswithHEP,windpowerSOLUTIONSDeveloprenewablelimWhatisNeeded?WhatisNeeded?INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolINTERNATIONALCOINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolgoesintoeffecttoday

Wednesday,Feb16,2005TheKyotoProtocol,whichhopestoslowdownglobalwarming,goesintoeffecttodaywithmostoftheindustrializedworldcommittedtocutting

greenhousegasemissions.Thetreatyseeksfortheindustrialworldasawholetoslashitsgreenhousegasemissionby5.2percentby2012,withtargetssetaccordingtoeachcountry'spollutionlevel.Atotalof141countrieshavesignedthetreatyBUT…INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolgoesintoeffecttoday

…nottheUSorAustralia,whichsaythatKyoto'sburdentotheireconomieswouldbetoogreat.GrowingdevelopingcountriesChinaandIndiaarealsooutsidetheframework.Maathai,anecologistandKenya'sdeputyenvironmentminister,saidthattheKyotoprotocolwouldrequirenotjusteffortsfromgovernmentsandbusinesses,butalsoachangeinthewaypeoplelive."Oneofthereasonswhysomeofthecountriesdon'twanttosupporttheKyotoProtocolisexactlybecausetheydon'twanttoreducetheiroverconsumptivelifepattern,"saidMaathai.ButevenforcountriesthathavesignedontoKyoto,meetingthegoalscouldbedifficult.INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONAsia-PacificPartnershiponCleanDevelopmentandClimate(SCMP29/7/2005)TheKyotoProtocol,whichcameintoeffectthisyear,isfarfromenoughtocombatglobalwarming.Butitwouldhavebeenamoreconvincingstartiftheworld'sbiggestgreenhousegaspolluter-theUnitedStates-andoneofitsbiggestcoalexporters-Australia-hadnotrefusedtoratifyit.NowtheyhavegonetheirownwayasmembersofanewAsia-Pacificpartnershipthataimstodevelopcleanerenergytechnologies.Butthereisstillnorequirementtocutgreenhouseemissions.Theimmediatefearofenvironmentalistsisthatthiscouldunderminethe140-nationKyotoaccord,whichdoessetbindingtargetsforcutsinemissions.Itishopedthatthenewsix-nationgroup,i.e.theUS,Australia,China,India,JapanandSouthKoreacansetthepaceindevelopingcleanertechnologies.INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONAsia-INDIVIDUALS3As4RsAwareAttitudeActionReduceReuseRecycleReplaceINDIVIDUALS3AsAwareReduceWeather&Climate:

IstheWorld’sClimateChanging?Weather&Climate:

IstheWorlGLOBALTEMPERATUREworld’saveragetemperature(1860-2000):15oCtrend:increasingworld’saveragetemperaturewithvariationsincreasesatanincreasingrateGLOBALTEMPERATUREworld’saverTrenddescriptionIncrease/decrease(slowly,gradually,steadily)Increase/decrease(rapidly,sharply)Variations/fluctuations(=upsanddowns)stableTrenddescriptionIncrease/deGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTGREENHOUSEEFFECTanaturalprocessgreenhousegasestrapheatkeeptheearthwarmBUTWHATISTHEPRESENTSITUATION?GREENHOUSEEFFECTanaturalproGREENHOUSEGASESmoregreenhousegasesduetoincreasing:urbanactivitiesindustrialactivitiesenhancedGreenhouseEffectGREENHOUSEGASESmoregreenhousGREENHOUSEGASES(CO2)Carbondioxide76%GREENHOUSEGASES(CO2)Carbonduseoffossilfuelsin:powerplantsindustrialactivitiestransportationdeforestationburningoftreesreleaseCO2lesstreesabsorbCO2throughphotosynthesisGREENHOUSEGASES(CO2)useoffossilfuelsin:GREENHOGREENHOUSEGASES(CH4)Methane13%GREENHOUSEGASES(CH4)MethaneagriculturalactivitieswetricegrowingGREENHOUSEGASES(CH4)cattlerearingburningoforganicwasteagriculturalactivitiesGREENHOGREENHOUSEGASES(CFCs)CFCs5%GREENHOUSEGASES(CFCs)CFCsrisinglivingstandards:coolantsinrefrigerators&airconditionersGREENHOUSEGASES(CFCs)foamsaerosolsrisinglivingstandards:GREENHGREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)Nitrousoxide6%GREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)Nitrousfrom:carfumesGREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)factoriesproducingnylonfarmlandsusingnitrogenfertilizersfrom:GREENHOUSEGASES(NOX)facEFFECTSOFGLOBALWARMINGEFFECTSOFGLOBALWARMINGCLIMATICCHANGESTemperaturePolarzonePolarzoneTemperatezoneTemperatezoneTropicalzoneTemperaturegoesup2oCTropicalareaswillextend

.polewardsPolarzonePolarzoneTropicalzoneTemperatezoneTemperatezoneTemperateareaswillalsoshift___________.polewardsCLIMATICCHANGESTemperaturePolequatorialandtropicalregions(hot&warm)expandtemperateandpolarregions(cold)contractCLIMATICCHANGESequatorialandtropicalregionChangingprecipitationpatternPrecipitationSnow______Morewaterisreleased_______precipitation_________evaporationrateHighertemperatureTemperatureincreases.Relativehumidity___________.________precipitation__________mayoccurHigherMoremeltsdecreasesLessDroughtMoreprecipitationorless?ChangingprecipitationpatterncoastalregionswetterinteriorregionsdrierCLIMATICCHANGEScoastalregionsCLIMATICCHANGEExtinctionofwildlifeastheirhabitatsaredestroyedCLIMATICCHANGESExtinctionofwildlifeastheidueto:meltingoficethermalexpansionofseawaterRISEINSEA-LEVELdueto:RISEINSEA-LEVEL全球暖化會導致兩情發生一是海水受熱膨脹令水位上升﹔二是冰川和格陵蘭及南極洲上的冰塊溶解使海洋水分增加。預期到二一零零年時海平面會上升十五到九十五公分。

全球暖化會導致兩情發生一是海水氣溫上升加速冰川溶解英國氣候專家詹金斯表示﹐估計全球氣溫在未來一百年將會上升二點五至四點四攝氏度﹐冰川和冰山會加速溶化﹐令海洋水位上升至少十八至十九吋。孟加拉政府表示﹐若孟加拉灣的水位上升三尺三吋﹐孟加拉便會有百分之十七點五的土地被水淹﹐令一千七百萬人無家可歸。

氣溫上升加速冰川溶解英國氣候專家

【明報專訊】全球暖化已令太平洋小島居民遭殃。英國《獨立報》報道﹐太平洋島國巴布亞新畿內亞政府﹐前天向國內約克公爵群島一千名居民宣布﹐由於全球暖化令水位上升﹐他們將要遷徙至附近地勢較高的島嶼﹐令他們成為全球首批因全球暖化問題而被迫遷離家園的居民。

全球暖化水位升太平洋島民「逃亡」

【明報專訊】全球暖化已令太causes:coastalfloodingRISEINSEA-LEVELcauses:RISEINSEA-LEVELcauses:drowningofislands,e.g.MaldivesRISEINSEA-LEVELcauses:RISEINSEA-LEVELMORE:typhoonsfloodingsdroughtpoorharvestfaminelossoflifeandpropertyMOREHAZARDSMORE:MOREHAZARDSMOREHAZARDS星島日報

(2/8/2005)美國一個研究發現，全球暖化使颶風增強。科學家表示這個發現令人驚訝和擔憂的，因為溫室效應已經影響風暴。但這個研究並不表示，全球暖化會衍生更多颶風和颱風。麻省理工學院氣候學家伊曼紐爾分析從風暴收集得來的數據，首次發現自一九七○年以來，在大西洋和太平洋形成的主要風暴的持久度和強度增加了百分之五十。這個趨勢與海洋表面平均氣溫上升有密切關係，同時亦與全球平均氣溫上升相符。在這個研究以前，大部分的研究人員都認為，全球暖化對強大的颶風的影響微不足道，難以量度。大部分的預測指在二○五○年以前，氣候的轉變都不會對熱帶風暴有重大影響。MOREHAZARDS星島日報(2/8/2005)溫室效應港颱風增【明報專訊】地勢較高的香港被海水淹沒的機會雖然較低﹐但溫室效應對本港亦有莫大影響。環保團體「綠色和平」策劃幹事林孝建表示﹐溫室效應為本港帶來更多颱風。兩年前﹐曾有颱風早於四月吹襲本港﹐今年則踏入十一月後﹐也本港也受颱風威脅﹐正是厄爾尼諾現象加溫室效應帶來的影響。

溫室效應港颱風增【明報專訊】地勢較高的heatwavesHEALTHPROBLEMheatwavesHEALTHPROBLEMHEALTHPROBLEMspreadofdiseases,e.g.malariaHEALTHPROBLEMspreadofdiseasSOLUTIONSSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTPOLICYEconomyEnvironmentSocietySustainabledevelopmentlongtermdevelopmentpolicylookaftertheeconomic,social&environmentalneedsofthepresent&futuregenerationsSOLUTIONSSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMESOLUTIONSDeveloprenewable

&pollution-freepowerresourceslimittheproductionwithCFCsLimitthecuttingoftreesPlantmoretreesenergy-savingelectricalappliances&machineryReplacefossilfuelswithHEP,windpowerSOLUTIONSDeveloprenewablelimWhatisNeeded?WhatisNeeded?INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolINTERNATIONALCOINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolgoesintoeffecttoday

Wednesday,Feb16,2005TheKyotoProtocol,whichhopestoslowdownglobalwarming,goesintoeffecttodaywithmostoftheindustrializedworldcommittedtocutting

greenhousegasemissions.Thetreatyseeksfortheindustrialworldasawholetoslashitsgreenhousegasemissionby5.2percentby2012,withtargetssetaccordingtoeachcountry'spollutionlevel.Atotalof141countrieshavesignedthetreatyBUT…INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoINTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONKyotoProtocolgoesintoeffecttoday

…nottheUSorAustralia,whichsaythatKyoto'sburdentotheireconomieswouldbetoogreat.GrowingdevelopingcountriesChinaandIndiaarealsoo