2019北京牛栏山一中高二（上）期中英语含答案

2019北京牛栏山一中高二（上）期中英语（考试时间90分钟，共100分）第一卷（三大题，共70分）听说（50分）第一题A语法填空IhadasimilarexperiencethelasttimeIvisitedChina.TheChinesearethe___1___(friend)peopleIhaveevermet.AftermyvisittoaChinesefamily,myfriend’sgrandfatherwouldn’tletmegotothebusstationalone.Heinsistedon___2___(walk)metothestationtoseemeoff.IkeptsayingthatIknewthewaymyself,butitjustdidnotwork.Whathedidwasamazing.Thiswillnothappeninmanyother___3___(culture),Iguess.B语法填空The89-year-oldShenJilanisoneoftheeightpeoplewho___4___(award)theMedaloftheRepublic.Asalifelongfarmer,sheistheonlydeputyinChinatoserveatall13NationalPeople’sCongress(人民代表大会)since1954.She___5___(witness)thedevelopmentofthePeople’sCongresssystem.Shehasbeenengagedinenacting(制定)andamending(修改)nationallawsmostofherlife.Itwasshewhoproposedtheclauseon“equalpayforequalwork”betweenmenandwomen,___6___waswrittenintothefirstConstitutionofPRCin1954.C语法填空Fromancientmyth(神话)tomodernresearch,left-handedpeoplehavebeenlabeled____7____society-forgoodandbad.Nowadays,“lefties”are___8___(general)believedtobemoretalented.AccordingtoLiveScience,about10percentoftheworld’spopulationisleft-handed.However,nobodyhasbeenquitesure___9___determinesaperson’sdominanthand.InanewstudypublishedonSep5inthejournalBritain,scientistshavepinpointedforthefirsttimethepartofourDNAthat___10___(relate)toleft-handed.第二题：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearinhighschool,Igotsickandmissedafewdays.WhenI___11___,Iwasgreetedwithtwoessays，threedaysofmathandhistoryhomework,plusseveraltests.____12____Iwenthomefromschoolthatdayexhausted,Ihadtostayupreallylatetofinishthemall.Thenextdayatschool,Igotashock:I’dtotallyforgottentoprepareforthe____13____onRomeoandJuliet,whichI’dtake____14____mylunchhour!Worsestill,Ihad____15____thein-classdiscussionandallthenotes.Whenlunchcame,IwenttotheEnglishroomtofacemycertaindoom(厄运).AllIcoulddowastryto____16____onthequestionsIdidn’tknow.Asitturnedout,Ididn’tknowthemajorityofthequestions.Iwasjustabouttogive___17___whenmypencilaccidentallyfellandbroke.Standingbytheblackboardsharpeningmypencil,I____18____downandthereinfullviewlaytheanswersheetforthetest!Whatgoodfortune!Icankissgood-byetoallmy____19____offailingthetest!Myheartstartedbeating,andmybrain____20____,Yes!Readovertheanswers—quickly!Thiswasquicklyfollowedbyanothervoice,No!You’llgetcaught!Mymindturningbackandforth,Yes!No!Yes!No!…Thiswentonfortenofthe____21____secondsinmyentirelife.Finally,Idecidedtofinishthetestonmyown,without____22____!Iwassatisfiedwithmydecisionbutpretty____23____Ihadfailedthetest.ThenextdaywhenIwalkedintotheEnglishroommygreatjoyofhavingbeenan___24___soulchangedintoawaveofdoomasIsawmytestpaperlyingfacedownonmydesk.Iknewwhatawaitedme.IstaredatitafewsecondsbeforeItookthe____25____toturnitover.Youcanonlyimaginemy____26____whenIlearnedthatIhadpassedthetest!Ihaveneverinmywholelifebeensohappytoseemy____27____,aC-.Mymomsaysthevictoriesthat____28____themostcouragearewonwithin.NowIknow____29____whatshemeans.Nownotonlycanmyconscience(良心)resteasy,butIdon’thavetoworryaboutgettingcaughtandmeetingasad____30____likeRomeoandJuliet.11.A.arrived B.appeared C.returned D.finished12.A.Although B.Because C.Until D.If13.A.lecture B.essay C.test D.play14.A.by B.over C.upon D.toward15.A.carried B.lost C.dropped D.missed16.A.depend B.guess C.agree D.improve17.A.in B.off C.out D.away18.A.wrote B.settled C.looked D.calmed19.A.boredom B.loneliness C.tiredness D.worries20.A.warned B.persuaded C.chanted(唱歌) D.whispered21.A.coldest B.saddest C.longest D.fastest22.A.suffering B.cheating C.checking D.thinking23.A.regretful B.glad C.certain D.relieved24.A.honest B.open C.optimistic D.energetic25A.wisdom B.encouragement C.intention D.courage26.A.anxiety B.shock C.fear D.appreciation27.A.paper B.credit C.rate D.grade28.A.take B.put C.find D.gain29.A.gradually B.exactly C.willingly D.seemingly30.A.ending B.film C.fact D.love第三题、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAmsterdam'sBestFleaMarketsIjhallenFleaMarketFirstorsecondweekendofeverymonthPerhapsthemostimpressiveofthemallisIjhallen，locatedinthenorthofAmsterdam．Withmorethan1，500standsand3，000freeparkingspaces，themonthlymarketattractsvisitorsfromnotonlytheNetherlands，butEurope-wide．Thereisafiveeuroadmissionfee，butyoucanbeprettysurethatyoucanbrowsesecond-handtreasuresformostoftheday．Anythingandeverythingcanbefoundhere；oldguitarsandantiquechairs，artprintsandmilitarygear．NoordermarktFleaMarketSaturday，9am-4pmMonday，9am-2pmInthecentreoftheJordaan，theNoordermarktFleaMarketonSaturdaysincludesvintage（老式的）goodsandorganicfoodproducefromlocalfarmers．OnMondays，themarkettransformsintoanantique-hunter'sgoldmine．Therearepilesofvintageclothes，antiquebooks，coinsandfurniture．WaterloopeinMarketMonday-Saturday，9am-6pmThemostcentrallylocatedofallfleamarketsinAmsterdam，WaterloopleinMarketoffersvisitorsarangeofsnacks，second-handclothesandvintagetreasures．There'samazeofsecond-handgoods，fromoldglobesandhanginglamps，toAfricandrums，antiquerugsandusedbikes．SpuiBookMarketFriday10am-6pmIdeallysituatedamongbookstores，you'llfindacollectionoftentsshelteringsecond-handandantiquebooksatthebookmarketonSpui．Youcanfindavarietyofliteraturefrombiographiesandpoetrytofantasy-fiction，history，psychologyandgeography．WhilemostbooksarefromtheNetherlands，someEnglishandinternationaltitlesareforsale．Aswellasantiquemaps，printsandrecord．31Whichfleamarketdoyouneedtopaysomeextramoney？______A.IjhallenFleaMarket． B.NoordermarktFleaMarket．C.WaterloopleinMarket． D.SpuiBookMarket．32.WhatcanyoupickupatNoordermarktFleaMarket？______A.Youcangetenoughparkingspace． B.Youcanchoosearangeofsnacks．C.Youcanbuysomefreshvegetables． D.Youcandigsomegoldmineshere．33.Whenisagoodtimetovisitafavoritemarketforacrazybookfan？______A.Firstweekendofeverymonth． B.Friday，10am-6pm．C.Monday，9am-6pm． D.Saturday，9am-4pm．BWhenyoung,Ilovedgoingontrail（小路）runs.Itwasmyfavoritewaytoescapestress.So,whenIwasbackinmyhometownafteratoughfirstyearofmyPh.D.program,IthoughtatrailrunwasjustwhatIneeded.Butinsteadofhelpingmerelax,therundidjusttheopposite.AfterImovedtothecityforcollege,wheremyrunswereonflatconcretepathsinsteadofwindingdirttrails,IusedaGPSwatch.WhenIwentontrailrunsagaininthecountry,itconstantlyremindedmeofthefactthatIwasn’tkeepingupwithmyusualpace.Iturnedmywatchoff,thinkingthatwouldallowmetoenjoymysurroundingsandfindthepeaceIexpected,butIworriedIwasunderperforming.“Whycan’tIletgoandjustenjoymyself?”Iwondered.Butaftersomeintrospection（反省）,IrealizedwhyIwasstruggling—bothontrailrunsandingraduateschool.GoingintomyPh.D.,Ihadthoughtthatmysolidundergraduatetrackrecordwouldsetmeupforinstantsuccess.Tomysurprise,Iwaswrong.IlackedconfidenceinmyresearchabilitieswhichIthoughtstoppedmeperformingwellandIconstantlyfeltmyprogresswastooslow.Otherstudents’self-confidenceandtheirexcellentresultsmademefeelinsecure.Finally,onedayIbrokedownintearsinmyadviser’soffice.Thencamemyvisithome:IwashavingtroublebecauseIhadn’tproperlyadjustedmyexpectationstothedifferencesbetweenanurbanrunandatrailrun.APh.D.islikeatrailrun:Sometimesyoucanrunfast.Sometimesyoumightfindyourselfclimbingupasteep,windingtrailatasnail’space.Andthat’sOK.Barriersareunavoidable,andsuccesslooksandfeelsdifferentonachallengingtrailthanitdoesonasmooth,flatpath.Sometimesit’sbesttotakeadeepbreathanddoyourbesttomeetthechallenge.34.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhewasontrailrunsagain?A.Relaxed. B.Tired.C.Anxious. D.Happy.35.Whatresultedintheauthor’spoorperformanceinPh.DA.Hislackofconfidence. B.Hislackofhardwork.C.Hispoorresearchabilities. D.Hispoortrackrecord.36.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinthelastparagraph?A.Hisdesireforsuccess. B.Hisconfidenceoftrailruns.C.Hisexpectationsinhisstudy. D.Hisrealizationafterthetrailrun.37.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Workingoutregularlyisbeneficial.C.It’simportanttomakenecessaryadjustments.D.It’svitaltoturntoothersforhelp.CLoudcheersandapplausebrokeoutatNASA’sJetPropulsionLabonMonday,November25,2018,astheunmannedlander,calledInsight,toucheddownonMars,afternearlysevenyearsfromdesigntolaunchtolanding.Thegreatarrivalofthespacecraft—designedtolistenforquakesandshakesasawaytodiscovertheRedPlanet’sinnersecrets,howitformedbillionsofyearsagoand,howotherplanetslikeEarthtookshape—markedtheeighthsuccessfullandingonMarsinNasa’shistory.MinutesafterInSightlandedonthesurfaceofMars,thefirstimagewassentback,showingawideflatareaasseenthroughadirtycamera.Thetouchdowncameafteranearlyseven-month,300million-miletravelfromEarthtoMars,duringwhichtheInSightspacecrafthadtoslowdownfromaspeedofmorethan12,000mph.Thespacecraft’sheatshelterhelpedthelandersurvivetemperaturesashighas2,700℉.EachstepalongthewaywaswatchednervouslyatJPL,withupdatesdelayedbytheeight-minutelighttraveltimebetweenEarthandMars.Missioncontrollershuggedeachotherwithjoywhenthesignalswerereceived.“Weareproudofeverythingthathasgoneontoday,”theytoldusreporters.ThefirstpictureofthesurfaceofMarswassentbacktoEarthbyoneoftheMarCOnanosatellites(马可纳米卫星)thataccompaniedInSightduringitstraveltoMars.Thedustfromthelandingmadetheviewunclear.Picturesfromitwereexpectedtobecleareroncethedustsettledandthelenscover(镜头盖)wasremoved.Hourslater,InSight’sbatterieswerechargingasexpected.TheInSightteamalsopassedonanotherpicture,takenbyadifferentcamerathat’sfixedonthelander’sroboticarm.Theviewisclearer,showingtheroboticarmandtheseismometer,whichisusedtodiscovertheactualmovementoftheground.38.WhatdoweknowaboutInSightlanderfromthepassage?A.IthaslandedsuccessfullyonMarseighttimes.B.Ittravelledallthewayatthespeedof12,000mph.C.Missioncontrollershelpeditsurvivehightemperature.D.ThetaskofitistofindouttheinnermysteriesofMars.39.WeknowwhatMarslookslikeby_______.A.studyingpicturesInSightlandersendsbackB.readingreportssentbackbythepersononMarsC.collectingimagessentbackbyMarCOnanosatellitesD.analyzinginformationtherobotonInSightlandersendsback40.HowdidthemissioncontrollersfeelwhentheyreceivedsignalsfromInsight?A.Unconcerned. B.Worried.C.Amazed. D.Excited.41.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom_______.A.afictionnovel B.anewsreportC.atravelmagazine D.anofficialstatementDThelatestdatafromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticsshowsthatoneinevery12kidsislivinginhomeswherenoonehasworkedforatleastayear.Thatmaybeduetounemploymentorissuessuchassicknessordisabilitythatmeantheycan’twork,andaren’trequiredto.Thisisknownasbeingina“longtermworkless”family.Theissuesfacedbychildreninworklessfamilieshaveverybadinfluenceontheirdevelopmentandeducation,limitingtheirfutureemploymentprospects,andreducingtheiropportunitiestosucceedthroughouttheirlives.Notonlydoesworklessnessreducefamilyincome,itcanalsodamagefamilies’healthandstability,andthusdestroychildren’sdevelopment.Thisisbecausemanyworklessfamiliesareheldbackbydisadvantagessuchasdebt,drugandalcoholdependency,andbyhomelessness.Sufferingfromthefamilyproblems,manychildrenfaceagreaterandgreaterpossibilityofrepeatingthepooroutcomesoftheirparents.Governmentresearchhasshownthatchildreninworklessfamiliesarealmosttwiceaslikelynottoreachtheexpectedlevelatallstagesoftheireducation.Forexample,three-quartersofchildrenfromfamilieswherenooneworksfailedtoreachtheexpectedlevelatGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE),comparedtoaroundhalfofchildreninlower-incomeworkingfamilies.Soattentionshouldbepaidtochildreninout-of-workhomes.Havingworkingparentsmeansachildismorelikelytodobetteratschool,tohavebetterhealth,educationanddevelopment,andalsomeanstheyarelesslikelytofallintocrime.Butforsomefamilies,worklessness,ornotemployment,isthenorm.Theyjustchoosenottowork.Thesefamiliesoftenfacehugebarrierstogettingonwiththeirlivesbuttheytaketheopportunitiesofferedbythesociety.Parents’abilitytoworkisfrustratedbyissueslikelowskillsorpoormentalorphysicalhealth,ordrugandalcoholdependency,leavingchildrenwithoutthestabilitytheyneed.WeallwanttohelpworklessfamilieswithcomplexproblemssothattheirchildrencantakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesinBritain.Weallwantparentstohavethechancetogoouttoearnalivingandtoenjoythepleasureofwork,sothattheirchildrencanbenefitfromthegoodexamplesofworkingparents.Indoingso,weshouldknowtheneedtounderstandthecomplexissuesthatsomefamiliesfaceandtodevelopanewapproachtodealwithpoverty.Becausetherootcausesarenotfinancial.Itisabouthelpingfamiliesovercometheproblemstheyfacesothattheycangoasfarastheirtalentsandhardworkwilltakethem.Weshouldn’tretreatfromactingtodealwithdisadvantages,becauseweknowthecostsofinactiontoindividuals,communitiesandsociety.42.Accordingtotheauthorchildreninworklessfamiliesmay_______.A.havebetterperformanceatschoolB.takechancestogoouttoearnalivingC.bemoreabletodealwiththeirproblemsD.livethesamelifestylesthattheirparentshad43.Theunderlinedword“norm”inthefifthparagraphprobablymeans_______.A.ahugebarrier B.aturningpointC.atypicalstandard D.anunusualevent44.Inthelastparagraphtheauthormainlytalkedabout_______.A.raisingofsocialwelfareB.solutionstotheproblemsC.developmentofthesocietyD.reformingofthegovernment45.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto_______.A.introduceastudyonchildreninworklessfamiliesB.appealtothereaderstohelpchildreninworklessfamiliesC.presentanewapproachtodealwithpovertyofworklessfamiliesD.comparechildren’sperformancesinworklessfamiliesandlow-incomeones第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FormorethansixmillionAmericanchildren,cominghomeafterschoolmeanscomingtoanemptyhouse.___46___Somemayhide.Butallofthemhavesomethingincommon.Theyspendpartofeachdayalone.Theyarecalledlatchkeychildren.Theyarechildrenwholookafterthemselveswhiletheirparentswork.___47___LynetteLongwasoncetheheadmasterofanelementaryschool.Shesaid,“Wehadaschoolruleagainstwearingjewelry.Alotofkidshadchainsaroundtheirneckswithkeysattached.Iwasconstantlytellingthemtoputtheminsideshirts.Thereweresomanykeys.Itnevercametomymindwhattheymeant.”___48___Sheandherhusbandbegantalkingtothechildrenwhohadthem.Theylearnedoftheimpactworkingcouplesandsingleparentswerehavingontheirchildren.___49___OneineverythreelatchkeychildrentheLogstalkedtoreportedbeingscared.Manyhadnightmaresandwereworriedabouttheirownsafety.Themostcommonwaylatchkeychildrendealwiththeirfearsisbyhiding.___50___ThesecondisTV.They’lloftenplayitathighvolume.It’shardtogetstatistics(情况)onlatchkeychildren,theLongslearned.Mostparentsareslowtoadmittheyleavetheirchildrenalone.A.Slowly,shelearnedtheywerehousekeys.B.Buttheydon’tmind.C.Fearisthebiggestproblemfacedbychildrenathomealone.D.SomedealwiththesituationbywatchingTV.E.Somegototheirfriendsortheirrelatives.F.Andtheirbadconditionhasbecomeasubjectofconcern.G.Itmightbeinashowerstall,underabedorinacloset.第二卷：(共三大题30分）第一题：单词拼写,每空一词，写在答题卡上（10分）单词填空51.ThebeautiesoftheWestLakeinspringwerebeyondhise___________(预期).52.Thesuggestionwasvoteddownbylargem_________(大多数).53.Wehavebeenfriendsforalongtime,soweareveryf________(熟悉)witheachother.54.Shewaitedinherhoteltowelcomeherchildrenontheira_________(到达)fromLondon.55.Hewasveryc________(谨慎)forfearthatheshouldbeblamedforanythingwrong.56.Severalstudentswerei________(受伤)inthecaraccident.57.Ishallneverf________(原谅)myselfforfailingtohelpyouwhenyouwereindanger.58.Therelationsbetweenourtwocountrieshaveimprovedmarkedlyineverya_______(方面).59.Thisargumentsoundsr________(有道理的),butactuallyit'sincorrect.60.Igetsoa_____(吸收)indoingsomethingthatIamunawareofthingshappeningroundme.61.I'mafraidIwillhavenochancetop_______(参加)inthecomingcontest.62.TheFestivalOfAsianArts&Musicwillincludeseverallivep_______(表演).63.Itisstronglyr_______(推荐)thatyoushouldseeyourdoctor.64.Iamsogladtoknowthathehasfullyr________(康复)fromtheillness.65.L_________(幸运地是),Ibroughtmyumbrellaalong,otherwiseIwouldsurelygetwet.66.Ifyouractioni__________激励)otherstodreammore,learnmore,domoreandbecomemore,youarealeader.67.Asateenager,weshouldplayabigroleingarbagec_________(分类)andgarbagerecycling.68.Eachtimeyoufinishataskyouwillfeelasenseofp________(骄傲)forajobwelldone.69.Ifeltthep_________(压力)ofbeingthefirstwomaninthejob.70.Weneedtotaker______________(责任)forlookingafterourownhealth.第二题用短语的适当形式填空71.Everyoneknewshedidn’tlikehim,butshe_____________________mindhermannerssothatshewouldn’tdisappointherparents.72.Weshouldn’t____________________believingthattheenvironmentwillrecoverbyitself.Ittakeseveryone’seffortstomakeithappen.73.Ithinkalltheplayers____________________theteam’spoorperformancetonight.Wewereallratherdisappointed.74.He___________________checkingeverythinghimself,becausehedidn’ttrustanyoneelse.75.Thescientistshaveconductedanexperiment,fromwhichwewill_____________________whatishappeningtotheearth’satmosphere.76.Inthepast,peopleoften___________________thelabelsonfood,notknowingwhatwassafetoeat.77.Thegrandmilitaryparadedrewmanypeople’sattention______________________.78.Businessisgoodnow,butthereareafewproblems___________________.Andweneedtosolvethembeforetheygrowworse.79.George___________________thismorning,forwhichIamverygrateful.Withouthim,Iwouldhavebeenlateforthemeeting.80.Hecouldhavelaughedatyourfailure,but,__________________,hepitiedyou.第三题翻译句子81.得知他在这学期后要去欧洲旅行一周，我预计春节前见不到他了。82.我建议穿暖和点。83.他看起来很惊喜，说这是他至今为止收到的最好的礼物。84.虽然有些数学题十分难，但是绝大多数都非常简单，而且我已算出了一些题。85.当我刚开始使用手机做作业的时候，我有段时间难以阻止自己在它上面玩游戏。86.我知道你看书看得快，我认为你应该考虑从图书馆多借两本书。87.每次读《老人与海》时，我都会对那位老人有更好的理解。(TheOldManandtheSea)

2019北京牛栏山一中高二（上）期中英语参考答案第一卷（三大题，共70分）A【答案】1.frendliest2.walking3.cultures【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要以作者在中国的经历表达中国人是最友好的人。【1题详解】考察形容词最高级。句意：中国人是我所见到的最友好的人。我所见到的人很多，中国人是最友好的。people是名词，要用形容词friendly修饰，结合句意，应该用形容词的最高级。故填friendliest。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他坚持走路陪我到车站给我送行。insiston意为坚持，后接动词的ing形式作宾语。故填walking。【3题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这在其他的许多国家不可能发生。many修饰可数名词的复数形式，这里的culture意为（拥有特定信仰的）国家，文化，是可数名词。故填cultures。B【答案】4.wereawarded5.witnessed6.which【解析】分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了获得共和国勋章的申纪兰的一些事迹。【4题详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：89岁的申纪兰是获得共和国勋章的八人之一。根据句子结构，在who引导的定语从句中，先行词是theeightpeople，who指代这里的八个人，应用复数，而且他们是被授予共和国勋章，要用被动语态。他们被授予共和国勋章是发生在过去的事情，要用一般过去时。故填wereawarded。【5题详解】考查动词时态。句意：她见证了人民代表大会的发展。结合上文，自从1954年以来，她是唯一的从第一届到第13届全国人民代表大会都参加的代表。所以她见证了人民代表大会的发展，这是发生过的事情，应该用一般过去时。故填witnessed。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：就是她提出了“男女同工同酬”的倡议，被写入了中华人民共和国第一部宪法。分析句子结构，这里是非限制性定语从句，指代部分主句的意思，从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。【点睛】语法填空中定语从句的解题方法：首先确定先行词，然后分析定语从句句子结构，搞清楚所缺成分，填入相应的关系代词或关系副词。比如第3小题，分析句子结构，这里是非限制性定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指代部分主句的意思，用关系代词which，故填which。C【答案】7.by8.generally9.what10.relates【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要说明了左撇子的一些情况。【7题详解】考查介词。句意：从古代神话到现代研究，左撇子都被社会标记为要么好要么坏。左撇子被标记，这是被动语态。被动语态表示动作的发出者时，用介词by。故填by。【8题详解】考查副词。句意：如今左撇子往往被认为更加聪明。believe是动词，应用副词generally修饰。故填generally。【9题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：然而，没有人确切知道是什么决定了一个人的惯用手。分析句子结构可知，这里是宾语从句，从句缺少主语。结合题意，故填what。【10题详解】考查时态。句意：9月5日发表在《英国》杂志上的一项新研究中，科学家们首次确定了我们的DNA中与左撇子有关的那部分。DNA中一部分跟左撇子有关，这是客观事实，应该用一般现在时。在这定语从句种,that指代先行词thepartofourDNA,所以定语从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,故填relates。第二题：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）【答案】11.C12.A13.C14.B15.D16.B17.A18.C19.D20.D21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.B30.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲了作者生病后，错过了一些课程而担心不同通过考试，在考试过程中想作弊但最后放弃了。进而明白了母亲说的话：最需要勇气的胜利是战胜自己的内心。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回来时，迎接我的是两篇要交的论文，三天的数学和历史作业，还有几次考试。A.arrived到达；B.appeared出现；C.returned返回；D.finished完成。作者因为生病缺席，所以回来时发现有考试。故选C项。【12题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然那天我放学回家时已经筋疲力尽，但是为了完成作业，我不得不熬夜到很晚。A.Although虽然；B.Because因为；C.Until直到；D.If如果。结合下文，虽然作者累，但是还要完成作业，前后是转折关系。故选A项。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，我猛然醒悟：我完全忘了准备午餐期间的《罗密欧和朱丽叶》的考试。A.lecture讲座；B.essay论文；C.test测试；D.play戏剧。结合上下文，上文第一段出现了plusseveraltests，下文主要就是讲的测试中的心里挣扎，故选C项。【14题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，我猛然醒悟：我完全忘了准备午餐期间的《罗密欧和朱丽叶》的考试。A.by凭借；B.over在…期间；C.upon一……就；D.toward朝向。结合下文Whenlunchcame,IwenttotheEnglishroomtofacemycertaindoom(厄运).可知，午餐时分来临，我去英语教室直面自己的厄运。可见考试是午餐时分进行的。故选B项。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是我错过了课堂讨论和所有的笔记。A.carried携带；B.lost丢失；C.dropped掉落；D.missed错过。作者生病缺席，所以自然错过了课堂讨论。故选D项。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能做的就是试着去猜那些我不知道的问题。A.depend依靠；B.guess猜测；C.agree同意；D.improve改善。结合上文，作者生病缺课，病好后忙着补作业之类的忘记准备考试，所以很多题不会只能靠猜。故选B项。【17题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正要妥协，这时候我的铅笔不小心掉地上摔断了。A.（give）in屈服，让步；B.（give）off释放（气体）；C.（give）out分发；D.（give）away赠送。结合上文，作者准备靠猜测来应对不会的题目，对不会的题目完全听天由命，即妥协，让步。故选A项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在黑板旁削铅笔，低头一看，试卷答案就在眼前。A.wrote写；B.settled解决；C.looked看；D.calmed镇定。作者站着削铅笔，低头看，刚好看到试卷答案。故选C项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：太幸运了！我再也不用担心考试不及格了。A.boredom厌倦；B.loneliness孤单；C.tiredness劳累；D.worries担心。结合上文，作者原本准备不足，担心自己的考试，现在看到了答案，无需担心了。故选D项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心脏开始（因紧张快速）跳动，我的大脑在低语：对！看一下答案——快点！A.warned警告；B.persuaded说服；C.chanted(唱歌)；D.whispered低声说。这里是作者的心理活动，好像大脑里有声音在说一样。故选D项。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中最长的十秒钟。A.coldest最冷的；B.saddest最悲伤的；C.longest最长的；D.fastest最快的。这里作者在做思想斗争，可想而知，心理斗争的十秒中似乎是生命中看似短暂却最长的时间。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我决定自己完成考试，不作弊。A.suffering遭受；B.cheating欺骗，作弊；C.checking检查；D.thinking思考。作者思想斗争后，决定放弃看试卷答案的行为，自己考试，不作弊。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对我的决定很满意，但是我确信我考试会不及格。A.regretful后悔的；B.glad高兴的；C.certain确定的；D.relieved感到宽慰的。作者不作弊，凭自己的能力考试，对于这样的决定作者很满意。但是由于作者没有什么准备，所以很确定考试肯定过不了。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我走进英语教室时，当我看到我的试卷面朝下躺在我桌上时，原本作为一个诚实的人的那种巨大的喜悦变成了一股厄运。A.honest诚实的；B.open开放的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.energetic充满活力的。结合上文，作者考试没有作弊，所以是一个诚实的人。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我盯着它看了几秒钟，才鼓起勇气把它翻过来。A.wisdom智慧；B.encouragement鼓励；C.intention意图；D.courage勇气。结合上文，作者确信自己考试会不及格，所以要面对这种考试失利，需要勇气。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以想象当我得知自己考试通过的那种震惊。A.anxiety焦虑；B.shock震惊；C.fear害怕；D.appreciation感激。作者确信自己考试是过不了的，所以看到分数，发现自己过了后，只能用震惊来形容了。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我的成绩是C，我从来没这么高兴过。A.paper纸；B.credit信用；C.rate比率；D.grade成绩。作者翻开试卷，看到的是自己的考试成绩，故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈说：最需要勇气的胜利是战胜内心。A.take花费；B.put放置；C.find找到；D.gain获得。takethecourage意为需要勇气，符合题意。故选A项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我确切地知道她的意思了。A.gradually逐渐；B.exactly确切地；C.willingly愿意地；D.seemingly似乎。通过自己的这次经历，作者是确切地知道母亲那句话的意思。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅内心平静，而且也不用担心被抓，遇上像Romeo和Juliet的结局。A.ending结局；B.film电影；C.fact事实；D.love爱。作者经历了考试的思想斗争，战胜自我，内心得到安宁，不需要担心像《罗密欧和朱丽叶》那样的悲剧结局。故选A项。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第3题，要求填准备什么，结合上下文，上文第一段出现了plusseveraltests，下文主要就是讲的测试中的心里挣扎，所以应该是作者忘记准备午餐期间的《罗密欧和朱丽叶》的考试，故选C项。第三题、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A【答案】31.A32.C33.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个阿姆斯特丹最好的跳蚤市场。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一则信息IjhallenFleaMarket的Thereisafiveeuroadmissionfee可知，IjhallenFleaMarket是要额外收取门票费的，故选A。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据NoordermarktFleaMarket信息的theNoordermarktFleaMarketonSaturdaysincludesvintage(老式的)goodsandorganicfoodproducefromlocalfarmers.可知，在Noordermarkt跳蚤市场可以买到新鲜的蔬菜，故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据SpuiBookMarket的Youcanfindavarietyofliteraturefrombiographiesandpoetrytofantasy-fiction,history,psychologyandgeography.可知，疯狂书迷最喜欢的市场是SpuiBookMarket，它开放的时间时Friday10am-6pm，因此，书迷去这里的最好的时间是Friday10am-6pm，故选B。B【答案】34.C35.A36.D37.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在城市水泥路上和在乡村小路上跑步时的不同感受，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因，告诉读者要学会根据情况来调整自己的预期，去收获成功与满足。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“butIworriedIwasunderperforming”可知，跑步没能让作者放松，相反却感到焦虑，故选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“IlackedconfidenceinmyresearchabilitieswhichIthoughtstoppedmeperformingwellandIconstantlyfeltmyprogresswastooslow.”可知，作者在学业方面差是由于自己对自己的研究能力缺乏自信，故选A。【36题详解】推理判断题。上文中作者对比了在城市水泥路上跑步和在乡村小路上跑步的不同，因此在文章末段作者表达了自己在经历这件事后的领悟，故选D。【37题详解】推理判断题。作者在文章中主要通过自己跑步时不同感受的对比，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因，告诉读者要学会根据不同的情况来调整自己的预期，故选C。【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第2小题，根据第三段中的“IlackedconfidenceinmyresearchabilitieswhichIthoughtstoppedmeperformingwellandIconstantlyfeltmyprogresswastooslow.”可知，作者在学业方面差是由于自己对自己的研究能力缺乏自信，故选A。C【答案】38.D39.C40.D41.B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了美国航天总局的InSight登陆和探测火星的相关情况。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二自然段中“Thegreatarrivalofthespacecraft—designedtolistenforquakesandshakesasawaytodiscovertheRedPlanet’sinnersecrets,”可知，设计Insight的主要目的是探测火星的内部秘密。故选D项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二自然段第一句“ThefirstpictureofthesurfaceofMarswassentbacktoEart