英美报刊文章选读 报刊阅读部分讲义2课件

1.ShortWordsUseeasily-learnedshortwordsinnewsheadlines.Hereareafewofthemostcommon:aidassistaimpurpose,objectaskquestionbanprohibit,forbidbidattempt,offerblastexplosion,strongcriticismcutreduction,shorteningcurblimit,controlendterminategapdiscrepancy,intervalgraftcorruptionnabcapturepacttreaty,agreementprobeinvestigate,investigationrapcriticize,blamerowquarrel,disagreementtryattempt,endeavortopexceedwedmarry1.ShortWordsforLongWordsassistaidagreementpactpurposeaimendeavortrycapturenabterminateendinvestigateprobestrongcriticismblastprohibit/forbidbancontrol/limitcurbexceedtopdiscrepancygapmarrywedreductioncut1PreferenceforShortWordsALexicalFeaturesEnglishlanguagenewspaperheadlinesoftenuseshortwordstoreplacelongones.Thefollowingunderlinedwordsarefrequentlyusedinnewspaperheadlines:Accordpossibletoday（agreement） Bugkillsbabies（disease）Governortoaxeaide（dismiss） Bombsclaim40（kill）Pleatobackdrugban（support）(forbiddance）3dieinhotelblast

（explosion） Borderfeuddangertoregionalpeace（dispute）Salesboom

（increaserapidly） Attendantfoilstraindisaster（prevents）Exportsboost(increase) Clashoverbudget(argument) Actresslosesgems（jewels）Year’sbiggestfireguts178homes Suspectsheld（arrested）Newhurdletopeace（obstacle,barrier）Thailand，Malaysiainkseatreaty（sign）WorldBanklaudsChinaforreducingpoverty（praises）Gangleadernabbed

（captured）Policenetescapees（capture）Governmentnotowagerise （refusal）Ministerseeksnodforoilsavingplan（approval）UNtoOKoil-for-fooddealinIraq （agreeto） Cop incarchasedrama(policeman)US-Chinapactawin-windeal（agreementFluperil

（danger） Pleaforblood（strongrequest）Policeprobe

（investigation） Iranquakekills22（earthquake）Directorquits

（resigns） Safetycommissionrapsautocompanies（criticizes）USslammedbypartners（criticizedseverely）Economyisimprovingbutsnagsstillremain（difficulties）Ticketsalessoar

（increase） Tollrisesto100 （numberofpeoplekilled） Killingtriggersriot（causes）Chinavowstostepupreformandopenpolicy（promises）Actresstowedfor8thtime （marry） Bushweighssafetymeasures（considers）ChinasignstradepactwithPakistan

aid=assist（帮助；援助）ask＝inquire（询问）assail=denounce（谴责）balk=impede（阻碍）bare＝exposeorreveal（暴露；揭露）begin=commence（开始）bilk＝cheat（欺骗）bolt=desertorabandon（放弃）lop=diminish（下降；减少）mark=celebrate（庆祝）moot=discuss（讨论）mull＝consider（研究；nab＝arrest（逮捕）nip＝defeat（击败）oust=expel（驱逐）peril＝endanger（危害；危及）pledge＝determine（发誓）plot＝conspire（预谋；密谋策划）plunge=plummet（价格等）暴跌poise=readyforaction（作好准备）raid＝attack（进攻）rap=criticize（批评）rebuke＝criticize（批评）rout=defeatcompletely（击溃；打垮）slay＝murder（谋杀）soar=skyrocket（急剧上升）spur＝encourage（激励；鞭策）sway＝influence（影响）trim＝reduce（削减）vie＝compete（竞争）vow＝determine（决心；woo＝seektowin（争取；追求）ace＝champion（得胜者）

clash=controversy（冲突，争论）

crash＝collision（碰撞；坠毁）

dems=democrats民主主义者；民主人士；（美国）民主党党员

envoy=ambassador（大使）

fake=counterfeit（赝品；骗局）fete=celebration[庆祝（活动）]

feud=strongdispute（严重分歧）

freeze=stabilization[（物价、工资等）冻结;平抑]

glut=oversupply（供过于求）

set=ready（准备）

snag=unexpecteddifficult（意外障碍；意外困难）

statement=disputethatcannotbesettled（僵持；僵局）

stance=attitude（态度）

step=progress（进程；进步）

strife=conflict（冲突；矛盾）

ties=diplomaticrelations[（外交）关系]

set=ready（准备）

snag=unexpecteddifficult（意外障碍；意外困难）

statement=disputethatcannotbesettled（僵持；僵局）

stance=attitude（态度）

step=progress（进程；进步）

strife=conflict（冲突；矛盾）

ties=diplomaticrelations[（外交）关系]

VocabularyShortWordsClippingsSpecialExpression/JargonAbbreviationorAcronymCompoundWordsloanwordscorp(corporation)teens(teenagers)info(information)porn(pornography)execs(executives)chute(parachute)quake(earthquake)tec(detective)script(prescription)asst(assistant)dept(department)crack(crackcocaine)final(thefinalrace)senior(aseniorcitizen)2.ClippingsWEEKLYMAGFORSTAMPLOVERSTOBELAUNCHED

[MAG＝magazine(杂志)]集邮周刊即将发行2.Clippings

copter＝helicopter(直升机)

tech＝technology(技术)

vet＝veteran(老兵；老手)

vic＝victory(胜利)narc=narcoticsagent(缉毒探员)perm=permanentwave(烫发)pub=publichouse(小酒馆)nat‘l＝national(全国的)

com’l＝commercial(商业的；广告)

c‘tee＝committee(委员会)

C’wealth＝Commonwealth(英联邦)

govt/gov’t＝government(政府)2.Clippingsbusinessbizhelicoptercopterpornographyporncrackcocainecrackparachutechutedetectivetecdepartmentdeptexpositionexpoconvictconnationalnat‘lgovernmentgovt/gov’trepresentativerep2WideUseofAbbreviationsandAcronymsAbbreviationsandacronymsarefrequentlyusedinnewspaperheadlines:新闻标题经常运用节缩词。节缩词，亦称简缩词，通过“截头去尾”的方法将一些常用的名词、形容词等截短或缩短，其宗旨同样是为了节省标题字数。如graduate（毕业生）-grad；hospital（医院）-hosp；billion（十亿）-bn;percent（百分比）-pc;cigarette（香烟）-cig：Localgov’tsholdkeytoqualityplanCHANGCHUN:Countygovernmentshaveavitalroletoplayinensuringthesuccessofthegovernment'slatestfoodsafetyandproductqualitycampaign,theheadoftheGeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervision,InspectionandQuarantinesaidonThursday.Entertainmentbizbannedinresidential,schoolareasChinesesuper-realisticrobothighlightedatWIREDexpoVocabularyShortWordsClippingsSpecialExpression/JargonAbbreviationorAcronymCompoundWordsloanwordsSpecialExpression/JargonJargoniscommonlyusedbygroupsthathaveasimilarinterest,liketradesand/orprofessions.Itcanbeusedbypeopleinvolvedinsportsorothercasualgroups.Mostpeopleassociatejargonwiththemedicalorlawprofessionsratherthaneverydayconversations.Peoplemayusejargontoleaveanimpressionofintelligenceortoconfuseaperson.SpecialExpression/JargonTerminologyMeaningTerminologyMeaningleftandright左派和右派lashout强烈抨击bullmarket多头市场dove鸽派bearmarket空头市场hawk鹰派FAQ常见问题term任期kickoff开始MI-5,MI-6英国情报机构VocabularyShortWordsClippingsSpecialExpression/JargonAbbreviationorAcronymCompoundWordsloanwords英语新闻标题中经常出现的缩写词主要分为三类：

1）组织机构等专有名称，如上述例句中的CPPCC（全国政协）2）常见事物的名称，如上述例句中的AIDS（爱滋病）3）表示人们的职业、职务或职称的名词，如MP（议员）1)组织机构等专有名称UNESCOUnitedNationsEducational，ScientificandCulturalOrganization(联合国教科文组织)

IMFInternationalMonetaryFund(国际货币基金组织)

ASEANAssociationofSoutheastAsianNations(东南亚国家联盟；“东盟”)

4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写)1)组织机构等专有名称WTOWorldTradeOrganization(世界贸易组织)

OPECOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries(石油输出国组织；“欧佩克”)

PLOPalestineLiberationOrganization(巴勒斯坦解放组织；“巴解”)

4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写)1)组织机构等专有名称

IOC＝InternationalOlympicCommittee(国际奥林匹克委员会)

NASA＝NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(美国国家宇航局)

WHO＝WorldHealthOrganization(世界卫生组织)

OAU＝OrganizationofAfricanUnity(非洲统一组织)

4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写)2)常见事物的名称UFO＝UnidentifiedFlyingObject(不明飞行物；飞碟)

DJI＝Dow-JonesIndex(道·琼斯指数)

PC＝PersonalComputer(个人电脑)ABM＝Anti-ballisticMissile(反弹道导弹)

PR＝PublicRelations(公共关系)

SALT＝StrategicArmsLimitationTalks(限制战略武器会谈)

SDI＝StrategicDefenceInitiative(战略防御措施)

GMT＝GreenwichMeanTime(格林威治标准时间)4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写)3)表示人们的职业、职务或职称的名词MP

＝memberofparliament(议员)

PM＝primeminister(总理;首相)

GM＝generalmanager(总经理)

VIP＝veryimportantperson(贵宾；要人)

TP＝trafficpoliceman(交通警察)

PA＝personalassistant(私人助理)4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写)GOP=GrandOldParty“大老党”（美国共和党的别称）缩写词缩写词又称首字母缩略词，将几个词的首字母加在一起合成一字，全部用大写字母拼成，从而代替一组冗长复杂的词或词组。这样，既可节省版面标题词数，又能更好地提示新闻内容，使人读来颇感简洁易记，还可使版面编排减少沉闷之感。例如：

CPPCCHEADMEETSRETURNEDOVERSEASSTUDENTSINBEIJING

（CPPCC=TheChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConference：中国人民政治协商会议）

全国政协主席在京接见归国留学生。

AIDSVICTIMSSURGINGINUS

（AIDS=acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome：后天免疫缺损综合症，即“艾滋病”）

美“艾滋病”患者激增。

PLOSAYSBIGISRAELDRIVEAHEAD

（PLO=PalestineLiberationOrganization:巴勒斯坦解放组织）

巴解组织称以色列即将大举进攻。IMFurgesChinatocheckgrowth

Washington—Chinashouldtakestepstoreininrunawayeconomicgrowthorfacethepossibilityofa"boom-bustcycle,"theInternationalMonetaryFundsaid.

Iran:TheWestispoisoningtheatmosphereofIAEAmeetingVIENNA,Austria

-AseniorIranianenvoyaccusedWesternnationsWednesdayof"poisoningtheenvironment"atakeymeetingoftheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgencybydownplayinginitialsuccessesofanagencyprobeintohisnation'snuclearpast.JapanesePMsaystomeetChinese,SKoreanleadersearlyOctTOKYO:JapanesePrimeMinisterYukioHatoyamasaidFridaythathewillmeetwithChineseandSouthKoreanleadersearlyOctober.Para.12Aspokesmanforthecorpssaid2500sandbagshadbeenrushedtotheareaandmorewereontheway.Para.13OntheMalibushore,homeswerebeingpoundedby10-footwavescreatedbyacombinationofthestormandanunusuallyhightide.acronyms：ABCAmericanBroadcastingCompanyADBAsianDevelopmentBankAFTAAtlanticFreeTradeArea/AsianFreeTradeareaAPECAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationAPFAmericanPacificFleetASEANAssociationofSoutheastAsianNationsBBCBritishBroadcastingCorporationCIACentralIntelligenceAgencyBIRPI(BureauxInternationauxReunispourlaProtectiondelaPropieteIntellectuelle)UnitedInternationalBureaufortheProtectionofIntellectualPropertyCPLAChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyEECEuropeanEconomicCommunityEFTAEuropeanFreetradeAssociationEIBEuropeanInvestmentBankEMFEuropeanMonetaryFundEUEuropeanUnionFBIFederalBureauofInvestigationFIFAInternationalFootballFederationGBGreatBritainG8GroupofEightG77Groupof77IEAInternationalEnergyAgencyIAEAInternationalAtomicEnergyAgencyIBAInternationalBarAssociationICAOInternationalCivilAviationOrganizationICJInternationalCourtofJusticeIFGInternationalFederationofGymnasticsIFHRInternationalFederationofHumanRightsIIBInternationalInvestmentBankILOInternationalLaborOrganizationIMFInternationalMonetaryFundIMOInternationalMaritimeOrganizationIOCInternationalOlympicCommitteeIOMInternationalOrganizationforMigrationIPUInter-ParliamentaryUnionIRCInternationalRedCrossIROInternationalRefugeeOrganizationIRUInternationalReliefUnionITUInternationalTelecommunicationUnionIUSInternationalUnionofStudentsLACMLatinAmericanCommonMarketLAFTALatinAmericanFreeTradeAreaMPMemberofParliamentNAFTANorthAmericanFreeTradeAreaNATONorthAtlanticTreatyOrganizationOAUOrganizationofAfricanUnityOECDOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopmentOPECOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountriesOSCEOrganizationforSecurityandCooperationinEuropeSEATOSouthEastAsiaTreatyOrganizationUNCDUnitedNationsConferenceonDisarmamentUNCEDUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopmentUNCSDHAUnitedNationsCenterforSocialDevelopmentandHumanitarianAffairsUNDPUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram(联合国开发计划署)UNECAUnitedNationsEconomicCommissionforAfricaUNEFUnitedNationsEnvironmentFundUNESCOUnitedNationsEducational,scientificandCulturalOrganizationUNICEFtheUnitedNationsChildren’sFundUNIDOUnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganizationUNTDBUnitedNationsTradeandDevelopmentBoardUPUUniversalPostalUnionWBWorldBankWCHRWorldConferenceonHumanRightsWCOWorldCustomsOrganizationWHOWorldHealthOrganizationWIPOWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganizationWMOWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationWPCWorldPeaceCouncilWTOWorldTradeOrganizationI.M.F.HostSeesGoodChanceforAgreementatG-20MeetingPARIS—Leadersfromthe

Groupof20

nationsshouldbeabletosignoffsoononagreementstobolstertheweightofdevelopingeconomiesattheInternationalMonetaryFund,whilealsoincreasingthefund’sresources,aseniorSouthKoreanofficialsaidFriday.

BEIJING-MembereconomiesoftheAsia-PacificEconomicCooperation(APEC)releasedajointministerialstatementonFriday,warningagainstlingeringunemploymentastheycontinuetoreelfromtheglobalfinancialcrisis.SAICapproachesGMaboutIPOstake:sourcesDETROIT/NEWYORK/BEIJING-China'stopautomakerSAICMotorCorphasreachedouttoGeneralMotorsCotoexploretheprospectoftakingastakeintheautomakerwhenitgoespublicthisfall,fourpeoplewithknowledgeofthemattersaid.(ShanghaiAutomotiveIndustryCorporation上海汽车工业总公司）IPO:Initialpublicofferings首次公开招股集资VocabularyShortWordsClippingsSpecialExpression/JargonAbbreviationorAcronymCompoundWordsloanwords

ChineseWebOpensPortalstoNewWayofLifeBoomingInternetSplitsHavesandHave-nots(WashingtonPost,Feb.13,2000)Howtotranslatethisheadline?中国的网络开启了新的生活方式之门新兴的互联网产业使贫富两分5.CompoundWordsRichandvariedcompoundwordsInsteadofanall-outstrike,theworkerswillstageago-slow.

工人们没有举行全面罢工，而是采取消极怠工的策略。

Thirty-fiveforeignministersfromthe“groupof77”developingnationswillbepresentandothermember-countriesareexpectedtoberepresentedbyhigh-levelnon-ministerialdelegationsatthetwo-daymeeting．

77国集团中有35名外长将出席这次为期两天的会议，而其余的国家则将派出非部长级别的高级代表团到会。TheQueen，wearinghat，scarfandglovesinpartialcompliancewithIslamicrulesonfemininedressbecamethefirstwomanrulerreceivedinthisoil-richMiddleEaststate.

女王戴着帽子和手套，系着围巾，这在一定程度上符合了伊斯兰教对妇女装束的规定。她是这个盛产石油的中东国家所接待的第一位女性国家元首。1）名词+现在分词

cancer-causingdrug

致癌药物oilproducingcountry

产油国peace-keepingforce

维和部队policy-makingbody

决策机构2）形容词+现在分词far-reachingsignificance

深远意义high-rankingofficial

高级官员long-standingissue

由来已久的问题wide-spreadingAIDS

到处蔓延的艾滋病3）名词+过去分词blood-cementedfriendship

鲜血凝成的友谊export-orientedeconomy

外向型经济poverty-strickenarea

贫困地区4）形容词+过去分词deep-rootedsocialproblems

根深蒂固的社会问题foreign-ownedenterprise

外资企业long-facedjobloser

愁眉苦脸的失业者quick-frozenfood

速冻食品5）副词+过去分词dimly-litroom

光线昏暗的房间highly-sophisticatedtechnology

尖端技术highly-paidjob

薪水丰厚的工作well-informedsource

消息灵通人士6）名词+形容词

inflation-proofdeposit

保值储蓄interest-freeloan

无息贷款labor-intensiveenterprise

劳动力密集型企业7）名词+名词arms-reductiontalks

裁军谈判labor-managementconflict

劳资冲突supply-demandimbalance

供求失调year-endreport

年终报告8）形容词+名词fair-tradeagreement

互惠贸易协定long-rangenuclearmissile

远程核导弹long-term,low-interestload

长期低息贷款top-leveltalk

最高级会谈9）数词+名词one-mangovernment

独裁政府21-gunsalute

21响礼炮one-Chinaprincipleone-waystreet

单向道six-partytalks100-metredash

百米赛跑10）名词+to+名词

dusk-to-dawncurfew

彻夜宵禁face-to-facetalk

会晤；面晤ground-to-airmissile

地对空导弹hand-to-mouthpay

温饱工资11）综合性词组或短语touch-and-goaffair

一触即发的局势good-to-excellentcare

无微不至的关怀middle-of-the-roadpolicy

中立政策on-the-jobtraining

在职培训；岗位培训on-the-spotinterview

现场采访one-country-two-systempolicy

一国两制的政策be-kind-to-animalcampaign

保护动物运动see-while-you-talkphone

可视电话此外，美国报刊中的一些特有表达方式，对我们来说也比较生疏，如称“长途旅行”为“odyssey”，“合作共事者”为“teamplayer”，“总的情况”为“broadpicture”，等等。VocabularyShortWordsinsteadofLongWordsClippingsSpecialExpression/JargonAbbreviationorAcronymCompoundWordsloanwords3.ParodyParody(仿拟):

apieceofwriting,music,acting,etc.thatdeliberatelycopiesthestyleofsb/sthinordertobeamusing

Parodyisafigureofspeechthatchangestheformofsomewordsinsomeallusion,proverbs,famoussayings,etc.,toproduceasurprisingandhumorouseffect：

Libertyisthetruemotherofinvention(Necessityisthemotherofinvention)Toomanycooksthreatenstospoilfarmbill(法案）

（Toomanycooksspoilthebroth）CryingoverunsoldmilkCryingoverspiltmilkSeeingisworthreadingathousandbooksSeeingisbelievingPracticereallydoesmakeperfectPracticemakesperfectAskillisnotacquiredinadayRomewasnotbuiltinadayTheearlymangetsthejobTheearlybirdgetstheworm

TheOldManandtheEconomicSeaTheOldManandtheSea

«老人与海»(WrittenbyErnestHemingway)3.Parody

ATaleofTwoHearts

ATaleofTwoCities«双城记»(writtenbyC.Dickens)«双心记»CandidateIntheWindHowawaveringHilaryRodhamClintonfinallydecidedtodeclareCandleIntheWind«风中之烛»(PlayedbyEltonJohn)“风中”候选人摇摆不定的罗德姆•希拉里•克林顿缘何最后决定宣布参选3.ParodyExample②:CandidateintheWindHowawaveringHillaryRodhamClintonfinallydecidedtodeclareWell,it’saboutthetime.Yesterday,HillaryRodhamClintonturnedthelongest-runningunofficialcampaigninpoliticalsoap-operahistoryintosomethingreal.Sheisnowanactual,fortherecord,read-my-lipscandidatefortheU.S.SenatefromNewYork.

…→CandleintheWind

byEltonJohninmemoryofLadyDianaSpencerRedStarOverHongkong红星照耀下的香港载于美国《时代周刊》（Time，July14，1997），以西方观点谈论香港回归中国的问题。是对美国著名记者及作家EdgarSnow的名著RedStarOverChina《红星照耀下的中国》（又名《西行漫记》）的巧妙仿拟。3.ParodyTheycame，theysaw，theywereconquered.他们来了，他们看到了，他们被征服了。仿拟古罗马恺撒大帝的名言Icame，Isaw，Iconquered.（我来了，我看到了，我征服了），此处表现了法国球迷因自己的球队在韩日世界杯小组赛就被淘汰而遭受到的失望与无奈，形象地展示了法国队的尴尬境地。3.ParodyThesonalsorises儿子照样上位这是一篇国际新闻，报道的是某国领导人让自己的儿子来接班引起外界的非议。结果儿子照样继承了父亲的职位。这里的“son”和“sun”是同音字，让人很容易联想到美国作家海明威的著名小说Thesunalsorises，达到了讽刺、戏谑的效果。3.ParodyLovethyneighbor-andneighbor'sdog,tooByWangZhuoqiong(ChinaDaily)

Updated:2007-09-2107:52InatwistoftheoldElvissong,acommonperceptionthatdogsandtheirownersarenotpopularwithneighborshasbeenprovedwrongbyaBeijingsurvey.Ofthepeoplewhodonotowndogs,nearly70percentsaidtheyarenotopposedtotheirneighborshavingone.RhetoricalDeviceAlliteration&RhymeMetaphorParodyPun4.PunPunisahumoroususeofawordthathastwomeaningsorofdifferentwordsthatsoundthesame,e.g.；

SoccerKicksOffwithViolence(足球开踢，拳打脚踢)TerrorStrikesHeartofUS(恐怖袭击美国心脏)ClimbersHoldSummitTalks(登山运动员会师峰顶)RoyalBalletKeepsFansonTheirToes

(皇家芭蕾，奉献绝技)

5EuphemismEuphemismistheuseofamorepleasant,lessdirectnameforsomethingconsideredtobeunpleasant：AtombombputquantitiesofpeopletorestPandatobreathehislastPeoplemourndepartedkingMetonymy借代1.借地名代行业，社会阶层WallStreetConsideredtobethehistoricalheartoftheFinancialDistrict,itwasthefirstpermanenthomeoftheNewYorkStockExchange.Thephrase"WallStreet"isalsousedtorefertofinancialmarketsasawhole.1.借地名代行业，社会阶层HollywoodadistrictofthecityofLosAngeles,California,U.S.A.Duetoitsfameandidentityasthehistoricalcenterofmoviestudiosandstars,theword"Hollywood"isoftenusedcolloquiallytorefertotheAmericanfilmindustry.1.借地名代行业，社会阶层

Madison

Avenue

麦迪逊大街，美国广告业Inthe1940sand50s,someofthemajorU.S.advertisingagencieshadheadquartersinitsmidtownsection,andthenameoftheavenuebecamesynonymouswiththeadvertisingindustry.1.借地名代行业，社会阶层Broadway百老汇,（纽约市或美国）戏剧业thehomeofmanyBroadwaytheatres,housinganever-changingarrayofcommercial,large-scaleplays,particularlymusicals;thisareaofManhattanisoftencalledtheTheaterDistrict.1.借地名代行业，社会阶层BeverlyHill贝弗利山，美国明星阶层BeverlyHillsisoneofthemostglamorousplacesintheworldtolive,eat,playand,especially,shop.TheworldfamousCityofBeverlyHillsissynonymouswithwealth,statusandcelebrities.1.借地名代行业，社会阶层FleetStreet

舰队街，英国新闻界astreetinLondon,EnglandnamedaftertheRiverFleetItwasthehomeoftheBritishpressuntilthe1980s.EventhoughthelastmajorBritishnewsoffice,Reuters,leftin2005,thestreet’snamecontinuestobeusedasametonymfortheBritishnationalpress.2.借地名代机构Capitol(Hill)美国国会TheCapitolisthebuildingwhichservesashomeforthelegislativebranchoftheU.S.government.ThenorthwingishomeoftheSenateandthesouthwingishomeoftheHouseofRepresentatives.2.借地名代机构WhiteHouse白宫theofficialresidenceandprincipalworkplaceofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates,thetermWhiteHouse

isoftenusedasametonymforthePresident’sadministration.

2.借地名代机构FoggyBottom雾谷，美国国务院itslowelevationmadeitsusceptibletoconcentrationsoffogandindustrialsmoke

usedasametonymfortheUnitedStatesDepartmentofState,whoseHarrySTrumanBuildingheadquartersisintheneighborhood2.借地名代机构Westminster

威斯敏斯特，英国议院或政府theBritishHousesofParliament2.借地名代机构10DowningStreet

theofficialresidenceofthePrimeMinister

DowningStreetorNumber10

isoftenusedasametonymforthePrimeMinisterorhisorheroffice

Number11

islikewiseatermfortheChancelloroftheExchequerorhisorheroffice2.借地名代机构Élysée

爱丽舍宫，法国政府Kremlin

克里姆林宫，俄罗斯政府3.借所具特色代某国、某机构ThebearBigAppleDiceCityMotorCityCitybytheGoldenGate前苏联大苹果城，纽约市赌城，拉斯维加斯市汽车城，底特律市金门市，旧金山市JohnBullJohnDoeUncleSamWangIvan4.借典型姓氏代某人或某国约翰牛，英国人约翰•多伊，美国人山姆大叔，美国王，中国人伊凡，俄罗斯人CharacteristicsofHeadlinesVocabularyRhetoricalDevicesGrammarGrammarOmissionTenseVoicePunctuationsOmissionarticles,possessivesandpronounslinkverb“be”and“therebe”ItalianEx-MayorMurdered(An)ItalianEx-Mayor(Is)MurderedMarriedWomentoGetCareAllowanceMarriedWomen(Are)toGetCareAllowanceWomanKillsHusband,Self(A)WomanKills(Her)Husband(And)(Her)selfZooEscapeDrama动物园猛兽出逃，虚惊一场FrequentOmissionofCertainWords1.ArticlesUSofficialcallsfornewsanctionsagainstIran(Agencies)

Updated:2007-09-1922:39

ANKARA,Turkey-AseniorUSofficialcalledWednesdayforUNSecurityCouncilmembersandUSalliestohelppushforathirdroundofsanctionsagainstIranoveritsdisputedatomicwork.TruckbombinnorthernIraqkills19MOSUL:AsuicidebomberdroveatruckpackedwithexplosivesintoaKurdishvillageinnorthIraqbeforedawnonThursday,killingatleast19villagersandwounding25,Iraqipolicesaid.Freed

shoe-throwersayshe

wastorturedBAGHDAD:TheIraqijournalistwhothrewhisshoesatformerPresidentGeorgeW.BushwasreleasedTuesdayafterninemonthsinprison,andhesaidIraqisecurityforcestorturedhimwithbeatings,whippingsandelectricshocksafterhisarrest.2.LinkverbChinawillingtoshareanimaldiseaseinfoBANGKOK--Chinaisreadytoshareinformationandexperiencewiththeinternationalcommunityonanimaldiseasesurveillanceandcontrolregardingeitherbirdfluortheblueearpigdisease,anofficialoftheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)said.USmilitarydeathsinIraqat3,793(Agencies)

AsofFriday,Sept.21,2007,atleast3,793membersoftheUSmilitaryhaddiedsincethebeginningoftheIraqwarinMarch2003,accordingtoanAssociatedPresscount.Sudanreadytodeclarecease-fire(Agencies)

ROME-Sudan'sPresidentOmaral-BashirsaidFridayhisgovernmentisreadytoimplementacease-firewithrebelforcesatthestartofpeacetalksovertheconflictinDarfur,scheduledfornextmonthinLibya.3.AuxiliaryverbOnemoremissingRussiantouristfound(Xinhua/Agencies)

Updated:2007-09-2113:48

HOTAN,Xinjiang--RescuersfoundonemoremissingRussiantouristonFridayeveninginnorthwestChina'sXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion.INDIAMENDINGFENCES

（＝INDIAISMENDINGFENCES）

印度正在改善与邻国的关系FINANCIERKILLEDBYBURGLARS

（＝AFINANCIERISKILLEDBYBURGLARS）

夜毛贼入室金融家遇害4“and"isomittedandreplacedbycommaRussia,USnocloseronmissileshield(Agencies)

MOSCOW-RussiaandtheUnitedStateshavenotmovedanyclosertoagreementonUSplanstodeployitsmissileshieldinEurope,localnewsagenciesquotedRussianDeputyForeignMinisterSergeiKislyakassayingonWednesdaySeveralfloodscontinuetorageinnorth,eastUganda.UseofheavilymodifiednominalGroupsThenominalgroupsinheadlinesaresometimesquitecomplexwithheavypre-modifiers,e.g.：Januarycrudeoiloutputbeatstarget（TheoutputofcrudeoilinJanuaryhasbeatenthetarget）Sino-Germantradereviewtalksstart（ThetalkstoreviewthetradebetweenChinaandGermanyhavestarted）South–to-NorthWaterDiversionProjecttobenefitposterity（TheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProjectistobenefittheposterity.）West-to-EastGasTransmittingProjectbeneficialtowest,east（TheWest-to-EastGasTransmittingProjectisbeneficialtoboththewestandtheeastregionsofChina.）FirstcommercialmagneticsuspensiontraintoappearinShanghai（thefirstmagneticsuspensiontrainforcommercialuseistoappearinShanghai.）Terrordrivecabbyjailed（Acabby,whodroveterribly,hasbeenjailed.）GrammarOmissionTenseVoicePunctuations1.PresenttenseFreshnessRealityImmediacyThetensesusedintheheadlines1)ThesimplepresenttenseIran'sleadersaysUSnukeaccusationswrong(Agencies)

Updated:2009-09-2107:34

TEHRAN,Iran:Iran'ssupremeleadersaidSundaythatUSofficialsknowtheyarewronglyaccusingIranofseekingtodevelopnuclearweapons.

IranianPresidentChinapublisheswhitepaperonXinjiang(Xinhua