2020年高考英语考前必背02 高考常考动词短语

2020年高考英语考前必背必背02高考常考动词短语addupto加起来是；表示addto增加；加入，加到add...to...把……加到……上addup加起来addthat...补充说……can'tbeardoing/todosth.不能忍受做某事can'tbearsb./sb.'sdoing/todosth不能忍受某人做某事bearaheavyburden肩负重担bearresponsibility/theblame承担责任/受责备breakout爆发breakin打断；破门而入breakinto闯入；强行闯入breakawayfrom脱离breakdown（机器、车辆）出毛病；摧毁；分解breakthrough突破breakoff折断；中断；突然停止breakup解散；破碎；（学校等）放假（3）结束，关系破裂bringup培养；抚养；教育；提出；呕吐bringabout引起；产生；导致；带来bringsth.back归还；使想起某事bringdown带下，运下，搬下；使倒下；使倒台；使降低bringin引入；赚（钱）bringoff完成，做完bringout阐明；生产，出版callon拜访（某人）；号召callat停靠；（短时间）访问callfor需要；要求；邀请；提倡callin召集；召来callup给打电话；召集；使想起carry常用短语:carryout执行，实行；贯彻；实现；完成carryon开展；维持；继续carrysththrough成功完成，顺利实现comeafter跟随comealong跟着来；快点comeout出来；出版cometrue实现comebacktolife苏醒过来cometothepoint说到要点，触及问题实质comeabout发生，造成comeacross偶遇；被理解cometolight为人所知，显露comeup走近；上升；被提出comeon快点；开始comeover过来comeupwith提出；想出8．comeintouse开始被使用comeintosight/view出现在眼前；映入眼帘comeintopower/office就职，上台执政comeintoexistence开始存在；形成comeintoeffect/force/operation开始生效/执行/实施comeintobeing形成，产生comeintoeffect/force开始实施，生效comeintouse/service开始使用comeintofashion开始流行9．cutdown削减；砍倒cutacross抄近路通过；径直穿过；打断cutin插嘴；超车；插入cutup切碎；抨击cutout删除cutthrough刺穿；抄近路走过cutoff切断；中断；使死亡dieout灭亡；逐渐消失dieaway(声音、光线等)逐渐消失dieof/from因……而死diedown减弱；平息dieoff相继死亡bedyingfor很想要；渴望bedyingtodosth.极想做某事dropin顺便走访,不预先通知的拜访dropoffv离开，散去，逐渐减少，死去dropaway离开,散去,减少dropbehind落伍，落后cometoanend结束put/bringsth.toanend结束make(both)endsmeet使收支相抵；量入为出putanendtosth.结束/终结某事fallback后退，退却fallbehind落在…后面，跟不上fallinlovewith相爱，爱上...fallinto落入；陷于；河流注入falloff下降，跌落，减少fallover(sb/sth)(被)绊倒fightagainst对抗；反对；与作斗争fightfor为……而战fightwith与斗争；和并肩战斗15．fitin相适应fitinwith与合得来；适应fitsb.forsth.使某人胜任某事16．getintouchwith同……取得联系getup起床getback回来；取回geton上车getover克服；度过getoff下车gettogether相聚geton/alongwellwith与……相处融洽getinto进入；陷入getintotrouble陷入麻烦getinaword插话getridof摆脱；除掉getthrough通过；接通(电话)；完成；度过，熬过getto到达getabout/around/round传开，传出去getacross使理解getaway离开getdownto(doing)sth.开始认真做某事getout离开；出版；泄露getholdof抓住17．giveup放弃givein屈服；投降giveout用完；耗尽giveaway分发；捐赠；泄露giveoff放出，散发出giveback归还；恢复givewayto给让路；对让步18．goahead继续；干吧goby（时间）过去；经过（地点）goout（灯、火）熄灭goonsth.以为依据；根据来判断goontodosth.接着做另外的事goover检查；复习gothrough通过；经历；仔细检查goabout开始着手；到处走动；传开goagainst违背goback回到；追溯gofor运用于，应用于goinfor参加；爱好gowith与……相配gowithout没有……而勉强应付goup上升，上涨godown下降，下沉help（sb.）out帮助（某人）摆脱困境；使（某人）脱离困境helpsb.with/todosth.帮助某人某事/做某事can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事can'thelpbutdo只得做；不得不做helpyourself（tosth.）随便自己动手（夹菜吃、用等）holdup举起；阻滞（交通等）；耽搁holdback阻止；抑制holdone'sbreath憋住气，屏息holdout坚持；拿出holdon等一等，不挂断

holdonto抓住……不放holdoff拖延holdtogether（使）连在一起，（使）团结一致keepondoingsth.继续/反复做某事keepup坚持keepupwith跟上；与保持联系做某事keepback保留；阻止；隐瞒keepawayfrom远离keepoutof使……不进入keepone'sword遵守诺言keepintouchwith与……保持联系keepsilent保持沉默keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.制止（防止）…keepoff使……远离knockat/on敲knockinto撞在……上做某事knockdown撞倒，击倒，拆除knockoff停止做某事knockover打翻knock...outof...把敲出来knockup叫醒knockabout闲逛，漫游leadto导致；造成；通向leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事lead/livea．..life过..的生活o...把……领进……leadtheway引路；带路letsb/sth.be不打扰或不干涉某人/某事物letitgo不再多说，不再多做letgoofsb/sth射击或惩罚某人letmesee让我想想letsb.alone不管某人letdown使失望，放下，降下letin改窄，使惹上letsthout放宽，放大letsb.through评定某人及格letsb.off不严惩某人let...be不打扰，不理会liveon靠生活，以为主食livethrough经历liveupto不辜负；履行livewith忍受，容忍lookup抬头；查阅lookout小心lookinto调查lookforwardto盼望lookthrough仔细看；浏览lookupto尊敬lookdownupon瞧不起looklike看起来像lookon...as把..看作lookafter照顾lookfor寻找lookback回顾；回头看makeadivefor向……猛冲makeanapologyto向……道歉bemadeupof由……组成makeup组成；化妆，打扮；和解；编造makeupfor弥补，补偿makeupone'smind下决心makeuseof利用makeone'sway前进makeprogress取得进步makerepairs修理makeapromise许诺makealiving谋生makeout认出；理解makeit成功；及时达到make+(冠词)名词+介词的短语makethebestof充分利用makethemostof充分利用，充分展示makeroomfor给……腾出地方makefriendswith交朋友makeuseof利用makejokesabout以……为笑柄makeoneselfathome别客气makefunof取笑，嘲笑makesenseof弄懂的意思，理解makesureof弄确切，弄清makeafoolof捉弄，使出洋相makefriendswith与……交朋友payforsb.为某人付款payforsth.付款作为的费用，为某事吃苦头payattention(to)注意payone'srespects(tosb.)探望某人以示敬意，拜访，拜见payback还（钱）给某人payoff带来好结果，成功，行得通，偿清paysth.out为某事物付巨款payup付清全部欠款29．performtheroleof扮演……角色performa．..rolein在……中起……作用performanoperation进行手术performone'sduty/promise尽责任/履行承诺30．pickout挑出；辨别出pickup拾起，捡起；收拾；整理；（偶然）学会；用车接某人；收听到；身体好转pickoff摘除pickat少量地吃，老是挑剔（某人）pick&choose挑三拣四31．preferAtoB喜欢A而不喜欢BpreferdoingAtodoingB宁愿做A而不愿做Bprefer（sb.）todosth.宁愿（某人）做某事prefertodoAratherthandoB宁愿做A而不愿做B32．pullaway离开；脱身；拉掉pulldown拆毁；摧毁pullin（车辆）进站停靠；靠边停靠pullout（ofsth.）驶出；脱离，退出pullthrough康复，痊愈33.putaway放好；把收起来putdown记下；平息putout扑灭；出版putup举起；建造；张贴；投宿putupwith（=stand/bear）忍受puton穿上；上演；增加putoff延期，拖延putthrough完成；接通（电话）putforward提出建议；拨快（钟等）putaside节省；储蓄；储存34．relyon依靠，依赖；指望relyonsb.todosth.指望/相信某人做某事relyon（doing）sth.依赖/信任/指望（做）某事relyonitthat...相信；指望remindsb.ofsth./sb.提醒某人某事/想起某人remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remind（sb.）that/how/what...提醒（某人）runoutof...用完；用尽runout用完runacross跑着穿过；偶然碰到runafter追逐；追求runaway跑掉；逃避runinto撞上；遇到makesense有意义；有道理；讲得通makesenseof理解；明白makenosense没道理；没意义sendaway把（某人）送往（某处），送走sendback送回，退还，发送回来senddown使下降，被开除，被勒令退学sendfor捎信去叫/请，订购sendin寄去，递交，派遣sendword捎信，传话sendoff邮寄出，发送sendout发出，派出，广播sendup使上升，发射，取笑，嘲弄setaboutdoingsth.（=setouttodosth.）开始做某事；着手做某事setaside留出，拨出，撤消，驳回setagainst使与……对立setanexample树立榜样setback延缓的进展，阻碍setfree释放settowork开始工作setsth.onfire点燃某物settowork下决心着手做某事setoff出发，动身，起程setout出发，陈列，陈述setone'smindto一心想做……setup设立，创立40．settledown安顿下来；定居settledowntodosth.开始认真对待做某事settlein（使）适应（新环境）settleon决定；选定that'ssettled一言为定show...in带或领进来o领某人进入showsb.out领某人出去showsb.around/roundsp.领某人参观某地showsb.tothedoor送某人到门口showoff炫耀；显示showup出现stickwith继续支持，保持联系，跟……一起stickout伸出，坚持到底，忍下去stickto坚持，遵循stickup竖起，向上突出stickon证明某人有罪，诬告某人stickat坚持学习，坚持不懈地做下去stickupfor支持43．takeup占用（时间、空间）；从事take...out拿出去takeplace发生taketheplaceof代替takeone'spla就e座；代替某人的职位takeiteasy别着急takeoff脱掉；起飞；成功takepartin参加takepridein以……而自豪takeaway（from）（从）拿走takein欺骗；摄取takeon雇用；承担（责任）；呈现（品质、面貌）takeover接管44．turnup出现；开大（音量）；到达turnagainst反对；背叛turnon打开（电灯等）turnoff关上（电灯等）turndown开小（音量）turnover翻转turnin交出；上交turnto求助于；翻到；转向turninto变成turnout结果是；生产45.动词+awaygetaway逃脱，（使）离开goaway离开，出去putaway放好，把收拾起来，存（钱）以备它日之用runaway逃走，离开takeaway拿走，夺走，带走，使离去throwaway扔掉，浪费，坐失（良机）stayaway（from）不在家，外出doawaywith去掉smoothaway去除，克服giveaway分发，泄露carryaway冲走动词+aroundcomearound来，来访turnaround转过身，转过来lookaround仔细查看，环顾四周showaround带……参观turnaround绕着转，转过身，转过来goaround到处去，（疾病）传开，（谣言）传开getaround各处走动，流传动词+backcomeback回来bringsb.back送回某人bringsbacktolife使苏醒，使生动，使活泼bringback拿回来，使恢复，使回想起goback回去getback退还，送回去，取回getback回来，取回datebackto回溯至，追溯到takeback收回，取回keepback隐瞒不讲，扣留，阻止holdback阻止lookback回顾callback回电话动词+downcomedown下降，降低，被拆毁，下来falldown倒下，跌落，失败godown下楼，下降，下跌getdown下来sitdown坐下slowdown坐下动词+foraccountfor解释，说明answerfor对负责，担保allowfor考虑到askfor要求，请求enterfor报名参加headfor朝……行进huntfor搜索，寻找waitfor等待，等候dofor设法处理，料理，使完蛋，毁掉competefor竞争，争夺providefor抚养，养活，防备preparefor为……而准备carefor关心，照顾，喜欢searchfor寻找=huntforhopefor希望得到callfor为……叫喊，要求，需要leavefor动身去sendfor派人去请standfor代表，赞同，容忍动词+inbelievein相信，信任，信仰bringin引进，引来comein进来givein让步，投降handin交上来getin收获，进入takein欺骗，摄取joinin加入，参与takepartin参加turnin交上来lookin短时间探访cutin插话，插嘴arrivein到达failin在……中失败resultin导致liein位于51.动词+toamountto总计attendto处理；对付；照料belongto属于contributeto有助于，导致seeto照看；注意；负责correspondto/with与相符，与一致resignoneselfto听从，顺从relateto与有联系，与有关联caterto迎合，满足appealto对有吸引力；上诉；恳求subscribeto订阅；赞成，同意applyto申请，请求adaptto适应devote・・・to…献身于，专心于leadto通向，导致pointto指向writeto给……写信getdownto着手stickto坚持objectto反对referto指，参阅，涉及replyto答复动词+offcutoff切下，切断，阻隔driveoff/away赶走，驱走cooloff/down冷下来，冷静下来takeoff脱下，起飞，发迹，切除setoff出发，引爆，引发breakoff中断谈话，解除，折断calloff取消putoff推迟，使不高兴knockoff下班，停止干活，减价jumpoff跳离turnoff关闭dieoff先后死去beoff走开，滚开gooff退场，下场，发出声音，中断，熄灭sendoff寄出，发出动词+outdropout退出；脱离；辍学figureout想清楚，弄明白；计算出fillout填写（表格等）sellout售完wearout耗尽；使筋疲力尽；穿破standout出色，杰出leaveout省略；遗漏；忽略comeout出现，显现，出来，出版，传出，罢工，消失goout出去，熄灭，不时兴lookout当心，注意，准备，警戒，向外看takeout拿出，取出，带出去rushout冲出去，匆忙大量生产tryout尝试，试验watchout小心getout出去，逃离，泄露giveout发出，筋疲力尽setout出发，陈述findout找出，查出makeout填写，完成，设法应付pickout看出，选出，分辨出thinkout想出动词+overcomeover过来，顺便走访goover过一遍，仔细检查，润色tripover（被）拌倒rollover翻转，倒转takeover接管，接收，接替thinkover仔细考虑handover移交，交出getover从中恢复过来，克服，战胜lookover检阅，检查fallover跌倒doover装饰，偷的东西动词+throughgothrough通过，经受，仔细检查getthrough用完，完成某物，及格，接通，渡过难关lookthrough仔细检查，快速阅读putthrough完成，达成，供某人上（学校）carrythrough贯彻，进行到底cutthrough抄近路穿动词+副词+withcatchupwith赶上keepupwith跟上；不落后comeupwith找到；提出endupwith以……告终getonwith与相处；进展fillupwith用……装满goonwith继续某种行为doawaywith杀死putupwith忍受或容忍goaheadwith进行；继续下去getthroughwith完成；花光befedupwith厌倦getawayfrom逃离goalongwith陪伴，同意动词+withdealwith对付，处理；涉及dowith处理meetwith偶遇copewith应付，处理动词+offgetoff（从）下来，动身，起飞，脱下来takeoff脱，去掉，起飞，匆匆离开，成名turnoff关掉，避开，拐弯setoff出发，引起，起程seesb.off为某人送行，为送行putoff推迟，延期falloff（从）掉下来dropoff放下，下车giveoff发出，放出switchoff关掉throwoff匆忙脱掉jumpoff跳离gooff爆炸，停止运转，变质，腐烂，发出巨响letoff使免做，免处罚throwoff甩掉，摆脱掉，散发出动词+onacton根据（建议、信息等）行事counton依赖，依靠decideon选定dependon依赖，依靠，取决于focuson集中于insiston坚持要求，坚持认为relyon指望，信赖动词+upclearup放晴；清理；整理；澄清；解决tieup绑好fastenup固定好speakup大声说blowup使充气；爆炸saveup储存；节省tidyup收拾干净speedup加速lockup锁好cleanup清除，收拾干净locksb.up将某人监禁起来pullup往上拽ringup打电话openup开设，开业，开放tearup撕毁；取消useup用完；用尽61.动词+throughpassthrough穿过，通过comethrough（重病后）康复；（消息或信息）传来seethrough看穿；识破gothrough经历；完成getthrough用完；耗尽putthrough完成；使经受动词+mindchangeone'smind改变主意makeupone'smind下定决心；决定bear/keep...inmind记住……call/bring...tomind回忆起……readone'smind看出某人的心思动词+breathholdone'sbreath屏住气；屏息takeadeepbreath（=breathedeeply）深呼吸loseone'sbreath喘不过气来catchone'sbreath喘口气；歇口气；恢复正常呼吸64.动词+differencemakeadifference有影响；起（重要）作用makesome/nodifference（to...）（对）有/没作用或影响tellthedifference（between...and...）辨另〃区分（与）的不同动词+sb.+ofsth.curesb.ofsth.治好某人的病accusesb.ofsth.指控某人某事cheatsb.ofsth.骗取某人某物informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物动词+habitformthehabitof/fallintothehabitof/getintothehabitof养成的习惯beinthehabitof有的习惯getoutofthehabitof改掉的习惯知识积累常用不规则动词表AAA动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义broadcastbroadcastbroadcast〜广播•播放•播送burstburstburst〜爆炸•突然发作costcostcost〜花费cutcutcutcutting害V,切hurthurthurt〜受伤hithithithitting打，撞letletletletting让putputputputting放下readreadread〜读

ridrid/riddedrid/riddedridding使摆脱•使去掉setsetsetsetting安排，安置spreadspreadspread〜展开，传播，涂spitspit/spatspit/spatspitting吐痰，shutshutshutshutting关上•停止营业AAB动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义beatbeatbeaten〜打败ABA动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义becomebecamebecomebecoming变comecamecomecoming来runranrunrunning跑overcomeovercameovercomeovercoming克服•战胜•征服ABB(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义burnburnt/burnedburnt/burned〜燃烧dealdealtdealt〜解决•处理•分配dreamreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt〜做梦hearheardheard〜听见•听说hanghanged/hunghanged/hung〜绞死，悬挂learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt〜学习lightlit/lightedlit/lighted〜点燃，照亮meanmeantmeant〜意思.意味.用意proveprovedproven/provedproving证明，证实，试验

shineshone/shinedshone/shinedshining使照耀，使发光showshowedshowed/shown〜展示，给…看smellsmelled/smeltsmelled/smelt〜闻，嗅speedsped/speededsped/speeded〜加速spellspelled/speltspelled/spelt〜拼写wakewaked/wokewaked/wokenwaking醒来，叫醒，激发(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义buildbuiltbuilt〜建筑bendbentbent〜弯曲•屈服lendlentlent〜借给rebuildrebuiltrebuilt〜改建，重建sendsentsent〜送spendspentspent〜花费(3)原形—ought—ought动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义bringbroughtbrought〜带来buyboughtbought〜买fightfoughtfought〜打架•战斗thinkthoughtthought〜思考，想seeksoughtsought〜寻找•追求•搜索(4)原形—aught—aught动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义catchcaughtcaught〜捉抓teachtaughttaught〜教•教授

5）变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义awakeawokeawoke/awokedawaking唤醒•唤起digdugdugdigging挖掘•钻研•搜集feedfedfed〜喂养•饲养fleefledfled〜逃避.逃跑.消失findfoundfound〜发现，找到getgotgot/gottengetting得到holdheldheld〜拥有.握住leadledled〜引导，领导meetmetmet〜遇见sitsatsat〜坐shootshotshot〜射击spitspit/spatspit/spatspitting吐痰，stickstuckstuck〜刺入，粘住strikestruck/strickenstruckstriking撞击.冲击.罢工winwonwonwinning赢•获胜(6)原形f□lt/pt/ftf^lt/pt/ft动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义feelfeltfelt〜感到keepkeptkept〜保持leaveleftleftleaving离开sleepsleptslept〜睡觉sweepsweptswept〜扫weepweptwept〜哭泣.流泪.哀悼7）其它

动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义laylaidlaid〜下蛋，放置paypaidpaid〜付款saysaidsaid〜说.讲.表示standstoodstood〜站understandunderstoodunderstood〜明白loselostlostlosing失去havehadhadhaving有•持有•从事makemademademaking制造.安排.构成sellso