全新版大学英语2(第二版) UNIT2 语言点

全新版大学英语2(第二版)UNIT2语言点全新版大学英语2(第二版)UNIT2语言点全新版大学英语2(第二版)UNIT2语言点资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月全新版大学英语2(第二版)UNIT2语言点版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：Unit2ValuesHappinessisnotinthemerepossessionofmoney;itliesinthejoyofachievement,inthethrillofcreativeeffort.——FranklinD.Roosevelt幸福不在于仅仅拥有金钱，而在于取得成就时的喜悦和创造性劳动带来的喜悦、激动。———富兰克林·D·罗斯福DetailedReadingⅠ.DifficultSentences1.(LL.1~2)ItwasearlyDecember2003,myfirstseasonasaSalvationArmybellringer,whenIwasconfrontedwiththequestion.1.WhatdoesaSalvationArmybellringerdo

(=Toringthebellandaskpeopletodonatemoneytohelpthepoor.)2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.(=首次面对这个问题，是在2003年12月初我第一次为救世军摇铃募捐的时候。)2.(LL.5~6)Icanstillseetheconfusionandcuriosityinhiseyesasheasked,“Areyoupoor”

1.Whydidtheboyasksuchaquestion

(=Becausehewasconfusedandcurious.)2.HowmuchdidtheboyknowabouttheSalvationArmybellringer

(=Obviouslyheknewnothingaboutthat.)3.(LL.7~8)“Well,”Istammered,tryingtothink,“Ihavemorethansomepeople,butnotasmuchasother.”1.Howdidtheauthorthinkofthequestion

(=Hethoughtitwasdifficulttoanswer.)2.Whatdoestheauthor’sanswermean

(=Thismeansheisneitherpoornorrich.)4.(LL.8~9)Hismotherscoldedhimforthesocialno-no...1.Whatis“socialno-no”

(=Somethingthatissociallyinappropriate.)2.Whydidthemotherscoldherson

(=Becausetheauthorlookedpoor,thequestionwassociallyinappropriatetoask.)5.(LL.13~14)YetIfeelnothingmorethanapassingwhimtoattainthematerialthingssomanyotherpeoplehave.1.Whatdomanyotherpeoplehave

(=Thematerialthings.)2.Pleaseparaphrasethissentence.(=However,Ihaveonlyoccasionallyfelttheurgetogoafterthematerialthingssomanyotherpeoplehave.)6.(LL.19~20)AndIlovethe“cando”attitudethatfollows.1.Whatisthe“cando”attitude

(=Thatisselfconfidence.)2.Howdoyouunderstandthissentence

(=AndIlovethefeelingofselfconfidencebroughtbybriskexercises.)7.(L.31)Shortlyafterhervisit,ourrelationshipwentstraightsouth.1.Whatwastheirrelationshipafterhervisit

(=Theirrelationshipwentsour.Thatistosay,theywerenolongerboyfriendandgirlfriend.)2.Whytherewassuchachangeintheirrelationship

(=Becausethegirlactuallypaidmuchattentiontomaterialthingsalthoughsheclaimedthatshewasinterestedinwhatwasontheinside,andaftershewenttotheauthor’sapartment,shefoundhewasreallypoor.)8.(LL.35~38)Thereisacommercialontheradiothatbegins,“Everybodywantsahigh-endTV…”Thepressuretopurchaseisreal.Itmaybetruethateverybodywantsahigh-endTV.Afterall,nobodywantstobeanobody.1.Whatis“ahigh-endTV”

(=ATVthatisexpensiveandofhighquality.)2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispartaboutwhatrolecommercialscanplayinsociety

(=Commercialscanputpeopleunderpressuretopurchasemorethanisreallynecessary.)9.(L.49)DecemberisthetimeofyearIfeelwealthiest.Whydoestheauthorthinkso

(=BecauseDecemberisthetimeforhimtoworkfortheSalvationArmyasabellringer,whichgiveshimagenuinesenseofbelongingandbringshimhappinessinhelpingothers.)10.(LL.50~51)Overthepastfouryears,I’vegrowntounderstandmoreaboutmyselfbecauseofasinglequestionfromacuriouschild.1.Howhastheboy’squestionaffectedtheauthor

(=Theboy’squestionhashelpedhimrealizethat,despitehislackofexpensivepossessions,heisrichinmanyotherwaysandshouldbethankfulforthat.)2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.(=由于一个好奇的孩子提了一个简单问题，我在过去的四年中对自己的了解进了一步。)Ⅱ.WordsandExpressions1.(L.2)confront:vt.1)(ofaproblem,difficulty,etc.)face(sb.)threateningly*Thedifficultiesthatconfrontusseeminsuperable.*Amajordifficultythatconfrontsinternationalstudentsishowbesttojudgethequalityofaprograminaforeignuniversity.2)(ofaperson)faceanddealwith(aproblem,difficulty,etc.)军人必须面对危险和死亡。(=Asoldierhastoconfrontdangeranddeath.)*Astronautshavetoconfronttheunknown.beconfrontedwith:bebroughtfacetoface(=Theprisonerwasconfrontedwithhisaccusers.)*conclusionsthatcanbeconfrontedwithexperience2.(L.3)donation:n.moneyorgoodsgivenforagoodcause*Thehospitalreceivesagooddealofmoneyindonations.他们对慈善事业慷慨捐助。(=Theymadeagenerousdonationtocharity.)Collocation:ablooddonation 献血make/giveadonation 捐赠promiseadonation 允诺捐助3.(L.5)confusion:n.astateofuncertaintyaboutwhatsth.means,etc.*Theenemyretreatedingreatconfusion.他们的突然到来打乱了我们的计划。(=Theirunexpectedarrivalthrewourplanintoconfusion.)Collocation:coveredwithconfusion 非常慌张inconfusion 乱七八糟，处于混乱状态throwintoconfusion 使狼狈，使慌乱N.B.:该词的动词为confuse，confusing意思是“令人困惑、迷惑的”，confused意思是“糊涂的、混杂的”。4.(L.5)curiosity:n.astrongdesiretoknowaboutsth.*Justtosatisfymycuriosity,howmuchdidyoupayforyourcar?

(=Weburnedwithcuriosityoverwhatwasinthebox.)Collocation:from/outofcuriosity 在好奇心驱使下inopencuriosity 公然出头过问与自己无关的事Curiositykilledacat. 好奇伤身。5.(L.7)stammer:v.speakwithatendencytorepeatrapidlythesamesoundorsyllable*It’scrueltomakefunofpeoplewhostammer.他结结巴巴地道了谢。(=Hestammeredhisthanks.)6.(L.10)deny:vt.1)saythatsth.isnottrue*ThereisnodenyingthefactthatJapanbegantoinvadeChinaasearlyastheearly1930’s.2)refusetoadmitoraccept(=Hedeniedknowinganythingabouttheirplans.)7.(L.10)fillout:addinformationsuchasyournameandaddressin(aformordocument)*Ittookmequiteawhiletofilloutthequestionnaire.请把附表填好。(=Pleasefillouttheattachedblank.)8.(L.11)fallinto:belongto(aparticulargroupofthingsthathavesimilarqualities)理事会成员们意见相左，分成自由和保守两个阵营(=Thecouncilmembersdisagreed,fallingintoliberalandconservativecamps.)*Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout.9.(L.13)nothingmorethan:only,just(=Happinessisnothingmorethangoodhealthandabadmemory.)这只不过是个杜撰的故事而已。(=Itisnothingmorethanamade-upstory.)10.(L.19)attain:vt.succeedinachieving,esp.afteralotofeffort 我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。(=I’mdeterminedtoattainmypurposeatanycost.)*Sheattainedherambitionofbecomingapilot.Collocation:attainone’sgoal 达到目的attaintheageof 有…岁了attainthetopofamoutain 到达山顶CF:get,gain,obtain&attain这四个词都是动词，都有“得到”、“获得”之意。get是最普通的用语，可指通过任何方式的获得，多用于口语中。例如：*Shegotthehighestscoreinfancyropejumping.她在花样跳绳中得分最高。gain多指在竞争中获得，所得的东西往往是有用的或是所期待的。例如：*Ihopeyouwillgainthevictorythistime.我希望你这次获得胜利。obtain是书面语，指靠他人或自己努力而得到，强调结果或目的。例如：*Bythismethod,weobtainedagoodresult.我们用这种方法获得了好结果。attain强调达到完美的地步。例如：*Suchaconditionisverydifficulttoattain.这样的情况是很难达到的。11.(L.16)minimal:adj.verysmallinsizeoramount;assmallaspossible暴风雨只造成极轻微的损失。(=Thestormdidonlyminimaldamage.)*TheFordCEOofferedtoworkforaminimalsalaryofonedollarayear.N.B.:该词的动词为minimize。反义词为maximal。12.(L.21)cherish:vt.love(sth./sb.)verymuchandprotectthem(=RidinghorseswithmymotherwhenIwasakidhasbecomeacherishedmemory.)*Shecherishedthechildasthoughhewereherown.Collocation:cherishfonddreamsof 做…的美梦cherisheddesire 夙愿cherishadeeplovefor 热爱…13.(L.21)fabricate:vt.makeup(astory,apieceofinformation,etc.)inordertodeceivepeople *Haveyoueverliedalittle,orfabricatedastoryaboutyourself,toimpresssomeoneyoumeetthefirsttime?

她缺席的借口显然是瞎编的。(=Theexcuseforherabsencewasobviouslyfabricated.)14.(L.22)tickle:v.1)amuseandinterest*Thecomediantickledthecrowdwithhisjokes.*IttickledhertothinkthatherbosswoulddressupasaclownattheNewYearparty.2)moveone’sfingersonasensitivepartofanother’sbodyinawaythatmakesthemlaugh*Shetickledtheboy'sfeetandmadehimlaugh.婴儿喜欢轻轻呵痒和紧紧拥抱。(=Babiesliketobetickledandhugged.) 15.(L.25)vital:adj.veryimportant,necessary,oressential(=Thispointisvitaltomyargument.)*Theleader’svitalandcheerfulmannerfilledhismenwithcourage.Pattern:bevitalto… 对…极为重要16.(L.25)welloff:rich,orhavingenoughmoneytolivewell*TheCommunistPartyofChinawillleadtheChinesepeopleinbuildingawell-offsociety.如果他年轻时多努力一点，现在就能过得舒服些。(=Ifhehadworkedharderwhenyoung,hewouldbewelloffnow.)17.(L.26)emotional:adj.connectedwithpeople’sfeelings(=Hisemotionallanguagereducedmanyoftheaudiencetotears.)*Naturehasprogrammedusallwithbothphysicalandemotionalneeds.18.(L.26)pursuit:n.theactoflookingforortryingtofind我们为追求幸福生活而努力工作。(=Weworkhardinpursuitofhappylife.)*Heexerciseseverydayinpursuitofhealth.Collocation:dailypursuits 日常事务educationalpursuit 教育事业pursuitofprofit 追逐利润inone’spursuitofhappiness 追求幸福19.(L.26)outofplace:feelinguncomfortableornotsuitableinaparticularsituation*Yourjokesareoutofplaceonsuchasolemnoccasion.在正式的舞会上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。(=AttheformalpartyIfeltveryawkwardandoutofplace.)20.(L.34)incontrastto:whenacontrastismadeto*Incontrasttohersister,sheisverytall.(=Incontrasttohisbrother,heisalwaysconsiderateofothers.)21.(L.35)consequence:n.aresultofsth.thathashappened *Jimmyexperiencedsevereheadacheasaconsequenceofheavydrinkingthenightbefore.这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。(=Suchamistakewouldperhapsleadtodisastrousconsequences.)Collocation:asaconsequence 因而，结果inconsequence 因此，结果inconsequenceof …的结果，因为…的缘故，由于ofconsequence 有势力的，重要的taketheconsequences 自食其果，承担责任CF:effect,result&consequence这三个词都是名词，都有“结果”之意。effect表示由某种原因直接产生的某一结果或状况。result表示某一事件的发生或某一行为所造成的结果，有“最终的结果”之意。consequence表示由于逻辑推断得出的结果，或由于某种原因、一些必要的条件而造成的结果。(Directions:)Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Thedilemmasthatparentsfindthemselvesintodayisa_______ofchangesinsociety.(=consequence)2.Itriedtopersuadehim,butwithlittleorno______.(=effect)3.Oneofthe______ofthisillnessisthatyouloseyourhair.(=effects)4.Itrepresentsthe______oftenyears’labor.(=result)5.Thehighlevelofunemploymenthasproducedharmfulsocial______.(=consequences)22.(L.36)commercial: 1.n.anadvertisementonTVorradio*TVcommercialstodayaremoreimaginativethantheywere20yearsago.2.adj.relatingtobusiness*Heleftthecommercialworldtobecomeagovernmentofficial. 商业函件(=commercialcorrespondence)23.(L.39)focus:v.concentrate(one’sattention,etc.)on(sth.);concentrate(onsth.)(=Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.)*Theonlywaytoattainyourgoalsistostayfocusedandworkhard.24.(L.41)affluent:adj.richenoughtobuythingsforpleasure自然资源丰富的土地(=landaffluentinnaturalresources)*Inanaffluentsocietypeoplecanaffordtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandlife.CF:rich,wealthy&affluent这三个词都是形容词，都有“丰富”、“富有”之意。rich意为“有钱的”、“富有的”，其程度超过正常需要的，语气强烈；形容人时，指拥有大量金钱、财产，其引申义为“富于…”。例如：*Therichgetricherwhilethepoorgetpoorer.富人更富，穷人更穷。wealthy指人、家庭或国家富有、安康、富裕；语气较缓，程度可大可小。尤指拥有大量财产、财富。例如：*Somewealthypeoplearelikelytobephilanthropists.有些富人往往是慈善家。affluent意为“富裕的”、“富足的”，尤指家庭和社会，在这一点上相当于wealthy，是较正式用语。例如：*It’sourdutytobuildanaffluentandcivilizedsocietyinthenewcentury.在新世纪建设一个富裕文明的社会是我们的义务。25.(L.43)genuine:adj.real,true他真心诚意地愿意帮助我们。(=Hehasagenuinedesiretohelpus.)*Itappearstobegenuine,butIhavemysuspicionsaboutit.CF:real,true&genuine这三个词都是形容词，都有“真的”、“真正的”之意。real普通用语，指真实的或与事实相符的。true强调客观事实与实际情况相符合，兼有real的含义。genuine指真实性是有据可查的。(Directions:)Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Itis_______thattheearthisround.(=true)2.Isthisa______Mingvase?(=genuine)3.Thisisastoryof______life.(=real)4.Amirage（海市蜃楼）isnota______object.(=real)5.______silver(=genuine)26.(L.45)gothrough:experience(sth.difficultorunpleasant)*He’samazinglycheerfulconsideringallthathe’sgonethrough.孩提时代,他经历了一个又一个的艰难困苦。(=Whenhewasachild,hewentthroughonehardshipafteranother.)(Directions:)Choosetheappropriatetranslationfortheexpression“gothrough”inthefollowingsentences.检查、审查、搜查完成、做完遭受、经历看完D1.Howlongwillittaketogothroughthebook?

C2.I’mflatteredthatyouwentthroughallthistroublejustforme.A3.Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.B4.Withgreatconcentrationshewentthroughthemovements.27.(L.47)linger:vi.1)lastorcontinueforalongtime*BeforeleavingSuzhou,wetookalastlingeringlookatthebeautifulview.(=Thebeautifulmelodyislingeringinmymind.)2)takealongtimetoleaveordisappear*Helingeredoutsidetheschoolaftereverybodyelsehadgonehome.CF:stay,remain&linger这三个词都是动词，都有“停留”、“逗留”之意。stay是本组词中最普通的用语。或长期或短期，或永远或暂时地停留。例如：*Mycarstaysinthegaragemostoftheweek.我的车子一周大部分时间都停放在车库里。remain强调维持原来的状态，表示“逗留”时比stay更正式些。例如：*Littleoftheoriginalarchitectureremains.原来的建筑现在留存很少了。linger意思是“逗留”、“徘徊”，尤指迟迟不愿离开的样子。例如：*Heshouldhavegoneout,butlingeredoverhismealtillitwastoolatetocatchthetrain.他本该出门了，可还慢腾腾地吃饭，以致来不及赶火车了。28.(L.47)individual:1.n.personconsideredseparatelyfromtheirsociety个人权利(=rightsofindividuals)*Thewelfareoftheindividualisboundupwiththewelfareofthecommunity.2.adj.oforforoneperson*Agoodcoachknowshowtotakebestadvantageofthestrengthofeachindividualplayerontheteam.*Shehasherownindividualwayofwalking.29.(L.52)tangible:adj.thatcanbeclearlyseentoexist;thatyoucantouchandfeel*Tangibleassetsrefertothoseassetsthathaveaphysicalform,suchasmachinery,buildingsandland.(=Sculptureisatangibleartform.)N.B.:该词的反义词为intangible。Ⅱ.LanguageStudyofTextB1.(para.2)discount:n.amountofmoneywhichmaybetakenoffthefullprice*Traditionalretailerswho’veopenedcyber-storesmayofferspecialdiscountstoonlineshoppers.尽管网上书店常有折扣，但不要期望能省多少。(=Althoughonlinebookstoresusuallyofferdiscounts,don'texpecttosavemuch.)2.(para.5)folk:n.peopleingeneral(Youcanrefertopeopleasfolkorfolks.)*ThesearethefolksfromthelocalTVstation.他们结了婚，有了孩子，像其他人一样生活。(=Theygotmarriedandhadkidsandlivedlikeotherfolks.)3.(para.5)getawaywith:dosth.wrongorriskywithoutbeingcaughtorpunished(Inthetext,itmeans“dosth.withoutexperiencinganyproblemsordifficulties”)*Theyclaimedthattheyknewhowtoplaythesystemandgetawaywithit.艾力克偷税漏税好些年，都没碰到麻烦。(=Erichasbeengettingawaywithtaxfraudforyears.)4.(para.5)OnlyinAmericacanabillionairecarryonlikeplainfolksandgetawaywithit.Paraphrasethesentence.(=OnlyinAmericacanaveryrichpersonlivelikeordinarypeoplewithoutexperiencinganyproblems.)5.(para.5)local:adj.oforforaparticularplace*Theplanewastotakeoffat6a.m.andlandat7a.m.localtime.主办奥运会所需的四分之三的投资将由中央政府和当地政府承担。(=Three-quartersoftheinvestmentneededtohosttheOlympicswouldbebornebycentralandlocalgovernment.)6.(para.6)corporate:adj.relatingtolargecompanies*Thetwocompaniesdecidedtomergetotakeadvantageofsimilaritiesintheircorporatecultures.谷歌公司总部位于加州的山景城。(=ThecorporateheadquartersofGoogleInc.islocatedinMountainView,California7.(para.7)byallaccounts:accordingtowhateveryonesays*TheChinesefootballteamwillplaytheKoreanstonight.Itshouldbeamatchworthwatching,byallaccounts.大家都说汤姆是个很棒的老师。(=Tom,byallaccounts,isasuperbteacher.)8.(para.7)blend:v.mixtogether*ThesingerisknownforblendingLatinpopandAmericanmainstreampopinhersongs.我们早饭吃什么？混合了香蕉、草莓、椰枣和芒果的水果布丁。(=WhatdowehaveforbreakfastAfruitpuddingofblendedbananas,strawberries,datesandmangos.)blendin/into:Ifsb.blendsintoaparticulargrouporsituation,oriftheyblendin,theyseemtobelongthereorarenotnoticeable,becausetheirbehaviorissimilartothatoftheotherpeopleinvolved.(usedinthepatterns:blendin;blendintosth.;blendinwithsth.) *Asanewly-appointedmanager,hewasnotsurewhetherhecouldblendin.*Thepainterblendedinwiththecrowdattheartsale.他说的话坚定了我的信念，要和周围打成一片。(=Whathesaidreinforcedmydeterminationtoblendinwithmysurroundings.)9.(para.7)Byallaccounts,he’sfriendly,cheerful,afineneighborwhodoeshisbesttoblendin,neverflashy,neverthrowinghisweightaround.Translatethesentence.(=人人都说他为人友善，性情开朗，是个好邻居；他尽力与人们融洽相处，从不炫耀，也不盛气凌人。)10.(para.12)Butonerecentmorning,TheRichestManinAmericadidsomethingthatwouldhavemadeheadlinesanywhereintheworld:Heforgothismoney.Paraphrasethesentence.(=Butonerecentmorning,TheRichestManinAmericadidsomethingtopeople’ssurprisethatwouldappearasapieceofnews:Heforgothismoney.)11.(para.14)ButjusthowlongWaltoncanholdfirmtohisfolksyhabitswithcelebrityhunterskeepingfollowinghimwhereverhegoesisanyone’sguess.Paraphrasethesentence.(=然而，沃尔顿所到之处专门报道名人的记者紧跟不舍，他的平民习惯能保持多久，就很难说了。)12.(para.14)ontherun:tryinghardtohideorescapefromsb.*PrincessDianadiedwhileontherunfrompaparazzi.他在逃避警方的追捕。(=Heisontherunfromthepolice.)13.(para.15)rank:v.put(sb./sth.)intoapositionaccordingtotheirsize,importance,etc.*Jimwassosureofhimselfthatheonlyappliedtothoseuniversitiesrankedinthetop10ontheannualU.S.News&WorldReportissueon“America'sBestColleges.”搜索引擎按相关度对搜索结果进行排名，最先展现的是最相关的记录。(=Thissearchenginerankssearchresultsinorderofrelevance,showingyouthemostrelevantrecordsfirst.)14.(para.15)makeup:form,constitute*Womenmakeupnearly50%ofuniversityentrants.这所大学由14个系和5个研究中心构成。(=Thecollegeismadeupoffourteendepartmentsandfiveresearchcenters.)15.(para.16)rally:n.alarge,usu.politicalpublicmeeting*OverseasChineseheldralliesaroundtheworldonSundayandMondaytovoicetheirsupportfortheBeijingOlympicGames.巴拉克·奥巴马在集会上以“我们需要改变”这个口号结束了演讲。(=BarakObama’sspeechattherallyendedwiththeslogan“Changeweneed.”)16.(para.16)liable:adj.likely(todosth.)*It'sliabletosnowheavilytomorrow.由于天气恶劣，运动会可能推迟到下周。(=Thesportsmeetingisliabletobepostponeduntilnextweekbecauseofthebadweather.)17.(para.17)laydown:establish(sth.)asaruleorprinciple*Conditionsformembershiparelaiddowninthesoccerclubrules.校方印发了新册子，规定了学生守则。(=Theschoolauthoritieshaveissuedanewbookletlayingdownregulationsforstudents.)18.(para.17)loyalty:n.thequalityofstayingfirminyourfriendshiporsupportfor