名词性从句在高考语法填空中的应用

编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:名词性从句在高考上海语法填空中的应用解题技巧：1．名词性从句中连接词的选用应该遵循“语义是否完整，所填部分充当什么成分”的原则。语义完整选用连词：that,whether,if；连接代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语；whose作定语，后面接名词。连接副词：when,where,how,why,however,whenever,wherever在名词性从句中作状语。2.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别。

that与whether都是连词，引导名词性从句时，在句中只起连接作用，都不担任句子成分，使用时有下列区别：（1）that本身无意义，仅起连接作用，有时可以省略；whether本身有意义，意为“是否”，表明从句意义的不确定性，在句中均不可省略。（2）如果宾语从句表示两种可能性选择其一时，只能用whether(ornot)，不可用that。（3）whether引导的从句能几乎作所有介词的宾语；that引导的从句只能作except,but,besides的介词宾语。3.whether和if的区别。（1）whether可以引导介词宾语从句，而if不能。（2）whether可以应到所有的名词性从句，而if只能引导宾语从句；在引起主语从句时，特别是主语从句在句首时，不能用if，除非是有形式主语it的主语从句。（3）whether后可以直接跟ornot，if则不能。（4）whether可以和不定式连用，而if不能。（5）whether…or可以引导让步状语从句，or不可省略；if可以引导条件状语从句。做得更好。4.连接代词与连接副词的区别。（1）wh-ever引起的名词性从句不含疑问意义，相当于不定代词后加一个定语从句：whatever=anythingthat，whoever=anyonewho,wherever=anyplacewhere,whenever=anytimewhen表示泛指；而what，which，who，when，where，how等词都有时含有疑问意义，表示特指。（2）介词后的who/whom，whoever/whomever的选择问题，则要看连接词在从句中是作主语还是作宾语而定，如在从句中作主语则只能选用who/whoever。（3）正确使用who/whoever，what/whatever，how/however，where/wherever，when/whenever，which/whichever，who，what，where，when，how，which一要分析句子结构，看其在从句中作何成分，二是理清其在句中的含义。一、观察分析从句结构，选用适当的连词完成下列句子。1.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but_____hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.2.Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy______children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.3.Itisbynomeansclear______hepresidentcandotoendthestrike.4.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt______hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.5.Wepromise_____attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.6.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_____suitsyoubest.7.Itdoesn’tmatter_____youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.8.Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn’tmatter___youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.9.Itdoesn’tmatter_______youturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.10.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim______hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.11.Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor_____hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.12.Scientistsstudy_______humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.13.Imadeapromisetomyself_______thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.14.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon________themeetingwouldbepostponed.15．Thereismuchtruthintheidea______kindnessisusuallyservedbyfrankness.二、注意从句成分是否完整，选用适当的引导词完成句子。1．Wehaven’tdiscussedyet_______wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.2．PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was__itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.3．IwanttobelikedandlovedforIaminside.4．—It’snousehavingideasonly.—Don’tworry.Petercanshowyou________toturnanideaintoanact.5．Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew______shewassoangry.6．Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thavewehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.7．Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeisshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.8．—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.—That’s_______Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.9．—Haveyoufinishedthebook？

—No.I’vereadupto_____thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.10．Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.11．Itneveroccurredtome_____youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.12．Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyonhegoeswith，whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.13．Asanewgraduate,hedoesn’tknow_______ittakestostartabusinesshere.14．Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestionshadusedtheproducts.15．—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange

—OK,youwant.16．Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.三、分析句子结构，完成下列句子。1.________makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.2.Expertsbelieve_______peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.3.Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyou,foryoucannevertell________closeyoumaybetovictory.4. _______oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.5.It’sgoodtoknow_____thedogswillbewellcaredforwhilewe’reaway.6.Itremainstobeseen________thenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.7.______yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.8.________IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.9.Policehavefound________appearstobethelostancientstatue.10.Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief______youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.11.________struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather’sdeeploveforhisson.12．Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisis_______aboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.13．—Jackfailedthedrivingtestagain.—Thequestionis________wecanhelphimavoidmakingthesamemistake.14．Afteraday’sexhaustingclimbwearrivedat________wehadbeentoldwas“GardenintheAir”．15．—Whenchoosingfurniture，youonlyfocusonfunctionwhileIthinkmoreaboutthedesign.—That’s________wediffer.16．________iswellknowntoeveryone，Ishouldsay，isthatamanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions.17．Ithasn’tbeenmadeclear________thenewundergroundlineistobeopentotraffic.18．Thenoticecamearoundtwoo’clockintheafternoon________themeetingwouldbeputoff.19．Itisnotimportant________otherpeoplethinkaboutyoubut________youcansticktoyourownway.20．—Iwonder________somanypeoplearecrazyaboutGangnamStyle.—It’sgoodforbodybuilding，anditbringspeoplealotoffun，youknow.21．—WhathasmadeJohnlooklikelackingsleep

—________hehadtoprepareforthecomingexamandstayeduplastnight.22．Thegovernmentshouldconsider________peopleandtheenvironmentwillbeaffectedbeforetheymakedecisions.23．Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we'lldoistorebuildthebridge.24．Itwasneverclear______themanhadn'treportedtheaccidentsooner.25．Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit'sdifficulttomakeout______itisheistryingtoexpress.26．Ourteachersalwaystellustobelievein______wedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.27.______BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.28．Whenthenewscame______thewarbrokeout，hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.29．Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence______smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.30．______MoYanhadbeenawardedthe2012NobelPrizeforLiteraturemadeusveryproud.31．Generallyspeaking，beinghard­workingisjust______ittakestobesuccessfulinyourcareer.32．______madeourschoolproudwas______morethan60%ofthestudentswereadmittedtokeyuniversitiesin2012.33．______someteenagersdon'trealizeis______difficultlifecanbeaftertheygetaddictedtodrugs.34．—YouknowIgaveupthejobasawaiterandwenttothelittlecompany.—That's______you'vemadeamistake.Thatcompanyisn'twellmanaged.35．Theshockingnewsmademerealize______terribleproblemswewouldface.36．Thereisclearevidence______themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.37．Themessageyouintendtoconveythroughwordsmaybetheexactoppositeof______othersactuallyunderstand.38．I'mafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer，whichis______heneverf