过去分词用法专题透析-高二英语

过去分词用法专题透析——高二英语过去分词用法专题透析——高二英语过去分词用法专题透析——高二英语资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月过去分词用法专题透析——高二英语版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：过去分词用法专题透析NameSchoolDate1.

分词的定义：动词的-ed分词即过去分词，是由动词的过去分词构成，一般只有一种形式。

2.

过去分词的语法作用：

过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词，基本用法：过去分词只有一般式没有完成式。过去分词在意义上最主要特点是表被动，在时间上它可以表示多种关系：(1)表示已经发生的动作：Borninapoorfamily,hecouldnotgotoschool.因生于贫穷家庭，他上不起学。Builtin1501，thebridgeisover500yearsold.这座桥建于1501年，已有五百多年的历史。(2)表示经常性动作或泛指概念：Heisamanlovedbyall.他是一个受大家爱戴的人。Thewomantalkedaboutisveryrich.人们经常谈论的那个女人很有钱。【注】thewomantalkedabout也可表示“已被人们谈论过的那个女人”。(3)表示与谓语动词同时(或几乎同时)发生的动作：Askedwhyhecame,hekeptsilent.问他为什么要来，他一言不发。Hecamein,followedbyhissecretary.他走了进来，后面跟着他的秘书。(4)表示现在或过去(当时)的状态：Themurdererwasbroughtin,hishandstiedbehind.凶手被带了进来，双手被绑在后面。用法意义及例句表语主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。Don’t

touch

the

glass

because

it

is

broken.

不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的。

He

is

quite

pleased

with

the

design

of

the

dress.

她很喜欢那礼服的式样。定语过去分词作定语，一般放在名词的前/后面，相当于一个定语从句。·单个的过去分词在n前：We

need

more

qualified

teachers.

我们需要更多合格的教师。·过去分词短语在n后：Is

there

anything

planned

for

tomorrow

明天有什么活动吗

·用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。The

books,

written

by

Linson,

sellwell.这些书是Linson写的，很畅销。状语过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等。*它的逻辑主语一般必须和句子的主语相一致。①表时间，加when或while来强调时间概念：（When）Seen

from

the

top,

it

looked

like

ananimal.

从上往下看，它就像一只动物。②表原因，Encouraged

by

the

speech,

hemade

up

his

mind

to

fight.

受到了讲演的鼓舞，他决定起来斗争。③表条件，有时过去分词前可用if等词If

heated,

water

can

be

turned

into

steam.

水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。Laughed

at

by

many

people,

he

continued

his

study.

尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。⑤表方式或伴随情况。He

went

into

the

room,

supported

by

his

wife.他在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。

⑥表结果，Thecupfelldowntotheground,broken.茶杯掉到了地上，破碎了。补足语在see,

hear,

notice,

watch,

find,

get,

have,

feel,

make,

leave,

keep等词后与一名词或代词构成复合宾语，用作宾语补语；但当这类句子变成被动语态时，过去分词用作主语补语。Havesthdone，havesbdo，havesbdoing=keepsbdoingWhen

will

you

go

to

the

hospital

and

have

your

tooth

examined

你什么时候去医院检查牙齿

They

should

be

kept

informed

of

the

situation

there.

应该让他们知道那儿的形势。与ing的用法区别：作表语的区别过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征Hearing

the

news,

we

felt

very

surprised.

听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶

The

news

is

very

surprising.

这个消息很令人惊讶。作定语的区别过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。boiled

water开水

boiling

water正沸腾的水developed

countries发展的国家

developing

countries发展中国家changed

condition改变了的情况

changing

condition变化着的情况非谓语动词考题五种常见设题陷阱

陷阱一：形式上是考查非谓语动词，但实质上是考查省略句1.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless_________everyday.A.watered B.watering C.water D.towater【解析】答案选A。unlesswatered可视为unlesstheyarewatered之省略。又如：Unlesschanged.thislawwillmakelifedifficultforfarmers.这项法令除非进行修改，否则将给农民的生活造成困难。2.Nomatterhowfrequently_________,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.performed B.performing

C.tobeperformed D.beingperformed【解析】答案选A。Nomatterhowfrequentlyperformed可视为Nomatterhowfrequentlytheyareperformed之省略。3.—Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend.—_________good.A.Sound B.Sounded C.Sounding D.Sounds【解析】答案选D。Soundgood为Itsoundsgood之省略。陷阱二：形式上是考查非谓语动词，但实质上是形容词的用法1.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_________inhislectures.A.interested B.interesting C.interest D.tointerest【解析】答案选A。过去分词interested在此已转化为形容词，interestedin意为“对……感趣”。2._________andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.A.Surprising B.Surprised C.Beingsurprised D.Tobesurprising【解析】答案选B。由于与形容happy并列，故可排除C和D。又因为是用以说明主语Tony的心情，故用surprised，不用surpring。陷阱三：形式上是考查非谓语动词，但实质上是考查某种句式1.—It’salongtimesinceIsawmysister.—_________herthisweekend?A.Whynotvisit B.Whynottovisit

C.Whynotvisiting D.Whydon’tvisit【解析】答案选A。Whynot…为英语中常用句式，用于提出建议，其后只接动词原形，不接不定式或现在分词。注意不能选D，但是若D改为Whydon’tyouvisit也可以选。2.Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,better_________it—you’vegotsomebigbillscoming.A.forget B.forgot C.forgetting D.toforget【解析】答案选A。此处的better实为you’dbetter之省略。根据英语习惯，hadbetter之后只能接动词原形，故选A。陷阱四：形式上是考查非谓语动词，但实质上是考查祈使句1.Mary,_________here—everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.A.come B.comes C.tocome D.coming【解析】答案选A。此处考查祈使句的用法，故用动词原形。2.—WhatshouldIdowiththispassage?

—_________themainideaofeachparagraph.A.Findingout B.Foundout C.Findout D.Tofindout【解析】答案选C。此处考查祈使句的用法，故用动词原形。其实，此题也可视为Youshouldfindout…之省略。陷阱五：形式上是考查非谓语动词，但实质上是考查并列句1.Atlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand_________downtoeatourpicniclunch.A.sitting B.havingsat C.tosit D.sat【解析】答案选D。由句中的and可知，此句为并列结构，且空格处填sat，与其前的谓语动词found并列。2._________manytimes,buthestilldidn’tunderstandit.A.Havingbeentold

B.ThoughhewastoldC.Tohavebeentold D.Hewastold【解析】答案选D。句中的并列连词but表明整个句子为并列句，同时表明but前应是一个独立的句子，而不能是一个非谓语动词短语(所以不能选A或C)，又因为though为从属连词，用以引导让步状语从句，它与连接并列句的并列连词but不“兼容”，所以也不能选B。3.First_________thericebywashingit,then_________itinboilingwater.A.prepare,cook B.preparing,cookingC.preparing,cook D.prepare,cooking【解析】答案选A。题干部分为两个并列的祈使句，故均用动词原形。【巩固练习】：1.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,______as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown2.Thedisc,digitally_____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.（NMET2004上海）A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded3.—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?

—Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand______bythecustomers.

(NMET2002北京)A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made4.Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.（NMET2004II）A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced5.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen______atthemeetingbymyboss.（NMET2004IV）A.questioningB.havingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned6.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.（NMET2004湖北）A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared7.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain______astheplanewasmakingalanding.(NMET2004上海春)A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating8.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan______.(NMET2003上海春)A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.beingkept9.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents______.（NMET2004重庆）A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry10.—What’shappeninginthestreet?—Agroup______GreenPeaceareprotestingagainstthesummit.A.callsB.calledC.callingD.tobecalled11.Hehadhisleg______whenplayingfootball.A.breakB.tobreakC.breakingD.broken12.Yourletter______Nov.25hasreachedme.A.datedB.datingC.wasdatedD.whichdated13.______withexcitement,thechildrencouldn’tfallasleep.A.TofillB.TobefilledC.FillingD.Filled14.Evenif______,Iwon’tgo.A.invitedB.invitingC.IinvitedD.heinvites15.Withthehomework______,hewasallowedtowatchthefootballmatch.A.finishedB.finishingC.tofinishD.tobefinished16.Withhisfinger______tothe______window,theteacherasked:“Whodidthat”

A.pointing;brokenB.pointed;brokenC.pointing;breakingD.pointed;breaking17.Yourumbrellawants______.Doyouwantit______A.repairing;repairingB.repairing;repairedC.torepaired;toberepairedD.toberepaired;repairing18.______totrainhissoninEnglish,heputanadlikethisinthepaper,“______,anEnglishteacherforaten-year-oldboy.”A.Determined;WantedB.Determined;WantingC.Determines;WantedD.Determining;Wanting19.Theshygirlneverspeaksunless______.A.speakingB.spokenC.speakingtoD.spokento20.Manyyoungteachers，MsZhou______，werechosenasmodelworkersinthiscity.A.toincludeB.includingC.includedD.beingincluded21.______byYangLiwei’sspeech，thestudentsaredeterminedtostudyevenharder.A.DeeplymovedB.HavingdeeplymovedC.TobedeeplymovedD.Movingdeeply22.Though______badly，thefightercontinuedtofireattheenemy.A.hewoundedB.waswoundingC.woundingD.wounded23.If______green,thedoormightlookmorebeautiful.A.paintB.paintedC.paintingD.topaint24.Though______ofthedanger,hestillwentskatingonthethinice.A.warningB.towarnC.warnD.warned25.Thegirlisstillfastasleep,withherhead______deepinarms.A.buryB.toburyC.buriedD.burying【-ingVS-ed】1,AftertheArabstateswonindependence,greatemphasiswaslaidonexpandingeducation,withgirlsaswellboys____togotoschool.(97,1)A)tobeencouragedB)beenencouragedC)beingencouragedD)beencouraged2,____,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor.(97,6)A)OtherthingsbeingequalB)WereotherthingsequalC)TobeequaltootherthingsD)Otherthingstobeequal3,Allthings____,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.(98,6)A)consideredB)beconsideredC)consideringD)havingconsidered4,Thehousewasveryquiet,____asitwasonthesideofamountain.(99,6)A)isolatedB)isolatingC)beingisolatedD)havingbeenisolated5,Thiscrophassimilarqualitiestothepreviousone,____bothwind-resistantandadaptedtothesametypeofsoil.(99,6)A)beingB)beenC)tobeD)havingbeen6,CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit____inCuba.(00,1)A)beingcultivatedB)beencultivatedC)havingcultivatedD)cultivating7,____inthisway,thesituationdoesn'tseemsodisappointing.(00,1)A)TolookB)LookingatC)LookedatD)Tobelookedat8,Youwillseethisproduct____whereveryougo.(00,6)A)tobeadvertisedB)advertisedC)advertiseD)advertising9,____inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshiptotaling21,000dollars.(00,12)A)TobejudgedthebestB)havingjudgedthebestC)JudgedthebestD)Judgingthebest10,Fromthedates____ontheplates,wedecidedthattheyweremadeinSongDynasty.A)markingB)havingbeenmarkedC)markedD)tobemarked11,Shestoodbythewindow,____.A)thinkingB)thinkC)thoughtD)thinks12,____tomeetanybody,hewentinfromthebackdoor.A)NotwishingB)WishingC)NotwishedD)Nowishing13,Theeditorial____nowwillappearintomorrow'snewspaper.A)writingB)towriteC)beingwrittenD)write14,It____nowprettylate,wetookourthingsandretiredtoourroom.A)isB)beingC)turnedD)got15,____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A)WhencomparedB)WhilecomparingC)CompareD)Comparing16,Theoldmancameupstairswithgreatstrength,hisrighthand____astickforsupport.A)heldB)holdingC)beingholdingD)washolding17,____threetimesinarow,theboxerdecidetogiveupfighting.A)havingdefeatedB)TohavedefeatedC)havingbeendefeatedD)Tohavebeendefeated18,____neglectingoureducation,myfathersentmetoschool.A)AccusedofB)AccusingofC)TobeaccusedofD)Thathewasaccusedof19,___mainlyfortheinventionofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBelldevotedhislifetohelpingthedeaf.A)HeisrememberedB)WhilebeingrememberedC)ToberememberedD)Thoughremembered20,____thattheyarefreshfromuniversity,theyoungpeoplehavedoneagoodjob.A)GivenB)BecauseC)GivingD)As21,___A,IfwalkingB)WhilewalkingC)WalkingD)Whenoneiswalking22,Iunderstoodyouwerethird-yearstudents____inEnglish.A)whomajorsB)whomajorisC)havemajoredD)majoring23,A)mixed24,____bythepolice,thekidnappershadnochoicebuttosurrender.A)SurroundedB)SurroundingC)havingsurroundedD)Tobesurrounded25,____equaleducationalopportunities,AmericanIndiansinthereservationsremainedbackwardandilliterateforalongtime.A)DeprivedoffB)DeprivingoffC)DeprivedofD)Deprivingof26,Alltheexampapers____,theteachersenttheclasshome.A)havingbeenhandedinB)havinghandsinC)handinginD)beinghandedin27,____in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A)FoundingB)ItwasfoundedC)BeingfoundedD)Founded28,There____nofreshdrinkingwaterandnogoodfarmland,itwasnotacomfortableplaceinwhichtolive.A)beB)wasC)wereD)being29,___inBeijingforquiteafewyears,Mr.ParkhadlittledifficultyunderstandingChinese.A)havinglivedB)LivedC)LivingD)Tolive30,Anypacket____properlywillnotbeacceptedbythepostoffice.A)nottobewrappedB)notbeingwrappedC)notwrappedD)nothavingbeenwrapped31,Thelab____nextyearwillbemoreadvancedthantheoldone.A)builtB)tobebuiltC)beingbuiltD)tobuild32,Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely____totheoutsideworld.A)beinglostB)losingC)havinglostD)lost33,Hewassittinginthechair,____abook.A)readB)wasreadingC)readingD)withreading34,Such____thecase,therewerenogroundstojustifyyourcomplaints.A)isB)wasC)beD)being35,Peterisagoodstudent,