主谓一致考点归纳及练习

主谓一致重要考点归纳及练习重点三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则语法一致原则指主语为单数，谓语也用单数；主语为复数，谓语也用复数意义一致原则指句子的谓语动词和主语的数的一致是根据该主语的意义，而不是根据语法形式决定。就近原则指在一些结构或句型中，谓语动词的人称和数与邻近的主语保持一致一、“主语+介词短语等”作主语在“X+（with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,but,except,besides,like,including,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan）+Y”结构中，谓语动词的单复数与X一致。如：Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck,（北京卷）A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbeAlltheemployeesexceptthemanagertoworkonlineathome,（广东卷）A.encouragesB.encourageC.isencouragedD.areencouragedNooneinthedepartmentbutTomandIthatthedirectorisgoingtoresign.（上海春）A.knowsB.knowC.haveknownD.amtoknowE-mail,aswellastelephones,animportantpartindailycommunication,（上海卷）A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.playAlibrarywithfivethousandbookstothenationasagift.（全国卷）A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered二、neither••nor…等对称结构作主语neither„nor„,（either）„or…,notonly„butalso…,not•••but…等并列结构作主语时采取就近原则：谓语动词的数由与其最接近的那个主语的数决定。如：NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMarytiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.（全国卷）A.isB.areC.amD.beEitheryouortheheadmastertheprizestothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.（上海卷）A.ishandingoutB.aretohandoutC.arehandingoutD.istohandout三、“a/thenumberof+复数名词”作主语表示“…的数量”的“thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；表示“一些/许多…”的“anumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.（全国卷）A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were四、oneortwo…与one/a.••ortwo作主语“oneortwo+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“a/one+单数名词+ortwo”作主语，谓语动词用单数。如:Onlyoneortwostudentswerelatetoday.今天只有一两个同学迟到。Onestudentortwowaslatetoday.今天只有一两个同学迟到。五、neither/either/any/noneof…作主语“neither/either/any/none+of+复数名词或代词”作主语，谓语动词用单数（正式）或复数（非正式）均可。其中any,none后面不跟“of+复数名词或代词”，若指的是复数可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词也是既可用单数也可用复数。如：Noneoftheguestswant（s）tostay,没有一个客人想留下不走。Neitherofusis/arehappyaboutthesituation.我们俩对这种局面都不满意。六、some/half/most/all及分数等加of…作主语“allof/therestof/halfof/mostof/partof/plentyof/someof/alotof/lotsof+名词”，以及“分数（如twothirds）或百分数（如thirtypercent）+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由of后的名词的数决定。如：ofthelandinthatdistrictwithtreesandgrass,（上海卷）A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are七、没接of短语的half,all,therest等作主语half,all,therest等作主语，根据意义一致的原则确定谓语动词的形式：所指为单数意义，动词用单数形式；所指意义为复数意义，动词用复数形式。如：needonlyaglassofbeer;therestisyours.我只需要一杯啤酒，其余的是你的了。Threeofuswillgo;therestarestayingathome.我们有三个人去，其余的人留在家里。八、class,group,family等集合名词作主语class,team,group,family,couple,club,enemy,army,government,company,firm,crowd,college,university,department等集合名词作主语时，采用意义一致：视作整体时是单数，若指构成各个集体的各个成员时是复数。如：Hisfamilyisabigone.他的家庭是个大家庭。Yourfamilyarequitewell，Ihope.希望你家里人都好。九、trousers等由两部分组成的复数名词作主语trousers,glasses,shorts（短裤）,stockings（长袜），gloves等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但若apairoftrousers之类的结构作主语时，谓语动词的数由pair的数来决定。如：Thetrousersdon’tfithim,theyaretoosmall,这条裤子他穿不合身，太小了。Thispairofshoesfitsyoubetter,这双鞋子对你更合适。Twopairsofyourtrousersarestillatthecleaner’s.你的两条裤子还在洗衣店里。十、sheep,means等单复数同形的名词作主语means（方法手段），works（工厂），sheep,fish,aircraft（飞机）等单复数同形的名词作主语时，采用意义一致的原则：指一种方法或一家工厂时，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数。如:Everypossiblemeanstopreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear,（上海卷）A.isusedB.areusedC.hasbeenusedD.havebeenused十一、表示度量衡的复数名词作主语表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语，被看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；但若与pass,goby等连用，指时间的流逝，或者与spend,waste等连用，指时间或金钱的花费时，谓语动词用复数。如：Fiveminutesisenoughtodothisexercise.Sixmonthshavepassed,andwestillhavenonewsofthem.六个月过去了，我们依然没有他们的消息。十二、population作主语population作主语，谓语动词一般用单数，但若前面有分数、百分数或者表语是复数时，谓语动词用复数。如：Threefifthsofthepopulationhereareworkers.这里五分之三的人是工人。Thepopulationinthesevillagesstilluseswellwater,住在这些乡村里的人依然饮用井水。十三、thepublic作主语thepublic（公众，民众）做主语。谓语动词用单复数均可，但若表语是复数时，谓语动词就用复数。如：Thepublicis/arenotallowedtoenterthecourtroom.个一般民众不准进行审判室。Thepublicarethebestjudges.公众是最好的裁判。十四、定语从句的关系代词作主语定语从句的关系代词作主语，谓语动词的数与先行词一致。注意：“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”中，从句谓语用复数，但若one前有the（only）时，从句谓语动词用单数。如：Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerelatethismorning,汤姆是今天早上迟到的那些学生中的一个。Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaslatethismorning,在这些学生中汤姆是今天早上唯一迟到的人。十五、强调结构中的主谓一致在强调结构（itis„that…）中，若强调的是主语，that后面的谓语动词与被强调部分一致。例如：ItisIthatamhisEnglishteacher.我就是他的英语老师。十六、倒装结构中的主谓一致在“副词here,there,now,then,up,down,in,out,away,such等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语+谓语动词+主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：Onthewallhangtwomaps,墙上挂着两张地图。Onthewallhangsaworldofmap,墙上挂着一张世界地图。十七、therebe结构中的主谓一致在therebe…结构中，若be后有两个或者几个名词并列时，be用单数还是用复数，也由与be靠得最近的那个名词的数来决定（就近原则）。如：Thereisabusstopclosetotheschool.在学校附近有一个公共汽车站。Thereisapen,arulerandtwobooksonthedesk,桌上有一支钢笔，一把直尺和两本书。十八、therestof和themajorityof结构做主语therestof和themajorityof结构做主语时，谓语动词的数常与of后面的名词的数保持一致。Therestifthebookswerereturnedtothelibrary.Therestofthemoneywasgiventothevillagers.十九、用and连接的表示单数概念的主语有时，一些用and连接的主语表达的却是单数的概念，这是谓语动词也用单数形式Aneedleandthreadwasgiventoher,butshecouldnotsewthebuttonon.AandB结构表示同一物体时Breadandbutterisnutritiousforpatients,奶油面包对病人很有营养。（表示同一概念，是单数）Bothbreadandbutterareonsalehere.这里出售奶油和面包。（and连接两种食品，是复数each/every/no+单数名词+and+each/every/no作主语时Nomanandnowomanisallowedtoenterthehallforthetimebeing.暂时每个人都不允许进入大厅。AandB结构指同一人或同一概念时Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.早睡、早起使人健康、富有和聪明。二十、amount和quantity结构作主语Alargeamountof+不可数名词结构作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，largeamountsof+不可数名词结构作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。类似的结构还有alargequantityof+可数/不可数名词结构（谓语动词用单数）以及largequantitiesof+可数/不可数名词结构（谓语动词用复数）Alargeamountofdamagewasdoneinashorttime.在短时间内就造成了巨大的损失。Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.建这座桥花了一大笔钱。主谓一致专练NeitherhenorIfortheplan.A.wereB.isCareD.amMyfamilyaswellasIgladtoseeyou.A.wasB.isC.areD.amMyfather,togetherwithsomeofhisoldfriends,therealreadyA.willbeB.hadbeenC.hasbeenD.havebeenTherearetworoadsandeithertothestation.A.isleadingB.areleadingC.leadD.leadsNineplusthreetwelve.A.aremakingB.ismakingC.makeD.makesTwentymilesalongwaytocover.A.seemtobeB.isC.areD.wereVferyfewhisaddressinthetown.A.hasknownB.areknowingC.knowD.knowsWhenandwherethistookplacestillunknown.A.hasB.isC.wereD.are9.Iknowthatallgettingonwellwithher.A.wereB.areC.isD.was10.Therestofthenovelveryinteresting.A.seemB.isC.areD.were11.Ourfamilyahappyone.A.areB.wasC.areD.isfromfromthecountrysideinourschool.12.TheboysittingbythewindowistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoA.wasB.wereC.isD.are13.Morethanoneanswertothequestion.A.hadgivenB.weregivenC.hasbeengivenD.havebeengivenananEnglishdictionary.14.ThestudentsinourschooleachA.arehavingB.hadC.hasD.have15.Thepairofshoeswornout.A.hadbeenB.havebeenC.wereD.waspresentpresentatthemeeting.16.AprofessorandawriterA.hadbeenB.wereC.isD.was17.Thosewhosingingmayjoinus.A.isfondofB.enjoyC.likesD.arelikingD.seemstobe18.ThereaknifeandD.seemstobe18.ThereA.areB.isseemingtobeC.seemtobe19.Over80percentofthepopulationworkers.A.willbeB.areC.isD.was20.Thewholeclassgreatlymovedathiswords.A.isB.hadC.wereD.was21.Thewoundedgoodcareofherenow.A.istakingB.aretakingC.arebeingtakenD.istakenDeerfasterthandogs.A.willrunB.arerunningC.runsD.runThepoliceaprisoner.A.aresearchedforB.issearchingC.aresearchingforD.issearchingforItwasreportedthatsixincludingaboy.D.waskilledA.hadkilledB.waskillingC.werekilled25.TheUnitedNationsD.waskilledD.werefoundA.wasfoundB.wasfoundedC.werefounded26.I,whoyourgoodfriend,willshareyourjoysD.werefoundA.wasB.areC.isD.am27.BetweenthetwobuildingsA.wasB.areC.isD.am27.Betweenthetwobuildingsamonument.A.isstandingB.standingC.standsD.stand28.Layingeggstheantqueen’sfull-timejob.A.haveB.hasC.areD.is29.Peter,perhapsJohn,__playingwiththelittledog.A.seemsB.wereC.areD.isD.hasmade31.TheArabianNightswellknowntoEnglishlovers.D.hasmade31.TheArabianNightswellknowntoEnglishlovers.A.isbeingB.areC.wereD.isA.hadmadeB.hasbeenmadeC.havemadeD.doesn’tfit32.Yournewclothesfityou,butD.doesn’tfitA.don’tfitforB.doesn’tfitforC.don’tfit33.Tom’steacherandfriendMrSmith.A.hasB.arebeingC.isD.are34.Allthatcanbeeateneatenup.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.hasbeenD.arebeingSomepersoncallingforyouatthegate.A.willbeB.isbeingC.isD.areOneachsideofthestreetalotoftrees.AaregrownB.isstandingB.growD.standsThenumberofthepeoplewhocarsincreasing.A.own....areB.own...isC.owns...isD.owns...areNooneexceptJackandTomtheanswer.A.areknowsB.isknowingC.knowsD.knowNothingbutcarsintheshop.A.aregoingtosellB.weresoldC.aresoldDissoldHereisamessageofimportancetoeverymanandeverywomanwho.A.votesB.voteC.votingD.arevotingPoliticsoneofthesubjectsthatIstudy.A.areB.isC.wereD.wasalreadybeeninterviewed.A.AnumberofapplicantshaveB.AnumberofapplicantshasC.ThenumberofapplicantshaveD.Thenumberofapplicantshas43.ismisusedinthesentence.A.AwordortwoB.OneortwowordsC.OneandtwowordsD.ManywordsTherepricelessjewelleryondisplayattheexhibitionhall.A.areB.haveC.isD.hasIamtheonewhowrong.A.amB.isC.areD.havebeenEachofthefootballersover150pounds.A.weighB.weighsC.weightsD.wereweighingThereisrice.A.fewB.afewC.manyD.agreatdealHalfofthematerialaway.A.hasbeentakenB.aretakenC.havebeentakenD.weretakenThemanagerorhisassistantplanningtogo.A.wasB.wereC.beD.willThereinthisroom.A.aretoomanyfurnituresB.aretoomuchfurnitureC.aretoomuchfurnituresD.istoomuchfurniture主谓一致高考题汇编E12湖南,35』Allthescientificevidencethatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarmingdamagingourhealth.A.show;areB.shows;areC.show;isD.shows;is112安徽卷，332Walmart,whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains,someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays.A.keepsB.keepC.havekeptD.hadkept112陕西】12,Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.A.wereB.wasC.isD.are4-K11安徽卷，271Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhichsavedforotherpurposes.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereS.R11湖南卷，26』Onethirdofthecountrycoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensblackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is&E11江苏卷，22』Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplacesthatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.AsuggestBsuggestsCsuggestedDsuggesting〖10全国〗Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwhoeveningdress.A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.haveworn〖10湖南，33〗Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A.isB.areC.hasD.have〖10四川,15〗SuchpoetsasShakespearewidelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,somedifficulttounderstand.A.are；areB.is；isC.are；isD.is：are〖09山东〗ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitiesrisingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen〖09四川〗TheteachertogetherwiththestudentsdiscussingReadingSkillsthatnewlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was〖09湖南,33〗Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentstoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be〖09江西，28〗Atpresent,oneoftheargumentsinfavorofthenewairportthatitwillbringalotofjobstothearea.AisBareCwillbeDwas〖09陕西,7〗Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto〖08陕西,15〗一Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlintheareainvited.A.wereB.havebeen口C.hasbeenD.was〖07江西〗Asurveyoftheopinionsofexpertsthatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforone’shealth.DA.show;areB.shows;is口C.show;isD.shows;are〖07湖南〗Welivedaybyday,butinthegreatthings,thetimeofdaysandweekssosmallthatadayisunimportant.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen〖07陕西〗Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea.A.needrepairingB.needstorepair□C.needsrepairingD.needtorepairK07上海〗Asurveyoftheopinionsofexpertsthatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforone’shealth.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are〖07江西〗ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhereyet.A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecidedC.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecided〖06浙江〗Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-thirdusedregularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.A.isB.areC.wasD.were〖06安徽〗MostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmithsalsotrueoftheJohnsons.A.areB.is口C.beingD.tobe〖06江苏〗ApoetandartistcomingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.□A.isB.areC.wasD.were〖06辽宁〗ThefatheraswellashisthreechildrenskatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.A.isgoingB.goC.goesD.aregoing〖05辽宁〗Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,intheclothingindustry.A.isworkingB.worksC.workD.worked〖05上海〗ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.A.workB.workingC.isworkingD.areworking〖05山东〗Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodeartheachyear.A.iswashingaway口B.isbeingwashedaway□C.arewashingaway□D.arebeingwashedaway〖05山东〗Thecountrylifehewasusedtogreatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged〖04上海春〗NooneinthedepartmentbutTomandI