营养学专业词汇

acceptabledailyintake（ADI）每人每日容许摄入量albuminuria蛋白尿acclimatization气候适应accumulate蓄积acetylandromedol乙酰柽木醇毒acceptablerisklevel可接受的危险水平acid-formingfood成酸性食品Achromobacterium无色菌属Actforpreventingtheadulterationofarticlesexfoodanddrink防止饮食品掺假法activator激活剂，活化剂actomyosin肌凝蛋白acutetoxicitytest急性毒性试验additiveaction相加作用adiposetissue脂肪组织administrativerule行政规范adrenalcorticalhormone肾上腺皮质激素adsorption吸附，吸附作用aerobicrepiration有氧呼吸aflatoxin黄曲霉毒素after-ripeness后熟Agaricus伞草属AgrostemmagithagoL.麦仙翁alamine丙氨酸albumin白蛋白alcohol酒精alimentarycodex食品法规Alkaligenes产碱杆菌属allowance供给量alpha-BHCa-六六六alphahemolyticstreptococcus甲型溶血性链球菌Alternaria交链孢霉aluminumhydroxide氢氧化铝aluminumsulfate硫酸铝Alzheimer'sdementia早老性痴呆（阿耳茨海默痴呆）AmestestAmes试验，艾姆斯试验aminoacidpattern氨基酸模式ammonia氨Amoeba阿米巴属，阿米巴原虫，变形虫属amphetaminchloride冰毒amygdalin苦杏仁甙amylnitrite亚硝基异戊酯amylose直链淀粉amylopectin支链淀粉anabolism合成代谢anaerobicrespiration厌氧呼吸Andersen`sdisease安德森病angularstomatitis口角炎anionexchangeresins阴离子交换树脂anisatin毒八角亭antagonisticaction拮抗作用anthraquinone蒽醌anti-cancerdrugs抗癌药物antiketogenesis抗生酮作用antioxidant抗氧化剂antitrypsin抗胰蛋白酶anthropometry人体测量学apatite磷灰石apparentdigestibility表现消化率appetite食欲apoferritin脱铁铁蛋白apolipoprotein载脂蛋白appliednutrition应用营养aquaticorganism水生生物aquaticproduct水产品arachidonicacid花生四烯酸arcussenilis老年环arginine精氨酸arsenic砷Arthrinium节菱孢属Ascarislumbricoides蛔虫Ascarisvermicularis蛲虫Ascomycetes子囊菌纲ascorbate抗坏血酸盐ascorbicacid抗坏血酸Aspergillus曲霉属Aspergillusalbicans白曲霉Aspergilluscandidus亮白曲霉Aspergillusflavus黄曲霉atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化autophagy自吞噬availability可利用率avidin抗生物素蛋白azide重氮化合物bacon咸猪肉bacterialmutationtest细菌诱变试验bacteriocidalsubstance杀菌物质bacteriophage噬菌体balanceddiet平衡膳食balancetest平衡实验Balantidiumcoli结肠小袋绦虫metalcaligenes粪产碱杆菌barley大麦basalmetabolicrate，BMR基础代谢率basalmetabolism基础代谢biodeterioration生物危害biodeterioration生物危害bleachingagent漂白剂base-formingfood成碱性食品Basidiomycetes担子菌纲beancurd豆腐beancurdblade百叶beansprout豆芽beet甜菜beetle甲虫类benefit-riskanalysis利害分析benzimidazole苯骈咪唑benz（a）anthracene（BA）苯并（a）蒽benzo（a）pyrene（B（a）P）苯并（a）芘benzylamineoxidase苄胺氧化酶beriberi脚气病beta-BHCβ-六六六β-caroteneβ-胡萝卜素betahemolyticstreptococcus乙型溶血性链球菌betanin甜菜苷BHC；1，2，3，4，5，6-hexachlorocyclohexane六六六bilirubin胆红素biliverdin胆绿素bilobol白果（二）酚bioconcentration生物富集，生物浓集bioenergetics生物能量学biofeedback生物反馈biohazard生物危害biologicalconcentration生物富集，生物浓集biologicalexpansion生物性膨胀（罐头）biologicalhalf-time生物半减期biologicalprevention生物防治biologicalvalue生物价（生理价值）biosynthesis生物合成biotin生物素biotransformation生物转化biotransport生物转运bis（P-chlorophenyl）aceticacidpp'-滴滴埃1，l'-bis（P-chlorophenyl）-2，2——dichloroethanepp滴滴滴1，l'-bis（P-chlorophenyl）-2，2-dichloroethylenepp滴滴伊1，1'-bis（P-chlorophenyl）-2，2，2trichloroethanepp滴滴涕Bitot`sspots（patches）结膜干燥，比托斑点bitteralmondkernel苦杏仁bittern盐卤Biuron敌草隆bleach漂荡，预煮

blindness盲，视觉缺失bloodclam蚶bodymassindex，BMI体重指数botulin（botulismotoxin）肉毒菌毒素botulism肉毒中毒Bouin'ssolution鲍音液BovineSponglformEncephalopathy，BSE疯牛病bran糠branchedchainaminoacid支链氨基酸breakdown分解breastmilk母乳broadbean蚕豆bromethane溴甲烷bromomethane；methylbromide溴甲烷brownrice糙米Brucella布氏杆菌属Brucelliasis布氏杆菌病test桔草杆菌试验flatsour嗜热性平酸苗butenolide丁烯酸内酯butylatedhydroxyanisole丁基羟基茴香醚butylatedhydroxytoluene二丁基羟基甲苯（）韦氏杆菌（产气荚膜杆菌）cadaverine尸胺cadmium镉cadmiumcarbonate碳酸镉cadmiumchlorate氯酸镉cadmiumhydroxide氢氧化镉cadmiumnitrate硝酸镉cadmiumsulfide硫化镉caffeine咖啡碱calciferol钙化醇calcitonin，CT降钙素calcium钙caloricquotient热能系数calorie卡（路里）calorifacient生热的，产热的calorimeter测热计，热量计calorimetry测热法Camplobacterfetus胎儿弯曲菌空肠亚种Camplobacterjejuni空肠弯曲菌Candida假丝酵母，念珠菌属cannabidiol大麻二酚cannabinol大麻酚cannabisseedoilpoisining大麻子油中毒cachexia恶病质capsanthin辣椒红cachexia恶病质capsanthin辣椒红caramel酱色，焦糖carbamate氨基甲酸酯carbohydrate碳水化物carbonicanhydrase碳酸酐酶carcinogen致癌物carcinogenicitytest致癌试验carithamine红花黄色素carnitine肉毒碱casein酪蛋白cassava木薯catabolism分解代谢cationexchangeresins阳离子交换树脂celltransformationtest细胞转化试验cellulose纤维素ceramics陶瓷ceruloplasmin血浆铜蓝蛋白cesium铯chemicalexpansion化学性膨胀（罐头）chemicalengineering，chemicalindustry，chemicaltechnolog化工chemicalpollution化学污染chemicalprevention化学防治Chlorella小球藻属chlorinatedhydrocarbon，organochlorine氯化烃，有机氯chlorogenicacid绿原酸cholesterol胆固醇cholecalciferol维生素D3，胆钙化醇cholineesterase胆碱酯酶chromium铬chromosome染色体chromosomeabberation染色体畸变chromosomeaberrationassaytest染色体畸变分析试齄chronicmercurypoisoning慢性汞中毒chronictoxicitytest慢性毒性试验chylomicron乳糜微粒cigarette香烟Citreoviridin黄绿青霉素citrinin桔青霉素Cladosporium枝孢属clam蛤Clavussecalinus麦角ClavicepspurpureaTulasne麦角菌cleaner洗涤剂cleaning净化cleavageofphosphideesterlinkage磷酯键裂解cleftpalate腭裂Clitocybe杯伞属Clostridium芽胞杆菌属Clostridiumbotulinum内毒杆菌Clostridiumbutylicum丁酸杆菌Clostridiumperfringens产气荚膜杆菌coagulant凝固剂coagulase凝固酶cobalt钴cobaltchloride氯化钻coffee咖啡colchicine秋水仙碱coldfrozen冷冻coldpress冷榨coldsterilization冷灭菌coldstorage冷藏coliformgroup大肠菌群colitap大肠菌快速检验纸片colitest大肠杆菌试验colliod胶体colloidsystem胶体系统colonizationfactorantigen，CFA定居因子抗原complementaryaction互补作用concentratedmilk浓缩奶concentrationfactor浓集系数condensedmilk炼乳congenitalmercurypoisoning先天性汞中毒conglycinin伴大豆球蛋白conjunctivaldryness结膜干燥contaminantsinfood食品污染物contaminantsofbiologicalorigin生物性污染物contaminantsofchemicalorigin化学性污染物contaminantsofradioactiveorigin放射性污染物contamination污染controlorganoffoodhygiene食品卫生监督机构controlsystemoffoodhygiene食品卫生监督制copper铜corncockleseed麦仙翁籽cornsoybeanmilk（CSM）玉米大豆乳coronaryheartdisease冠心病cowmilk牛乳Coxsackievirus柯沙奇病毒crayfish蝲蛄criticalporion敏感期cumulativecoefficient蓄积系数cumulativetoxicityindex蓄积毒性系数cumulativetoxicitytest蓄积毒性试验Curcumalonga姜黄curcumin姜黄素diarrheadiarrhea腹泻β-cyanoalanine-β氰丙氨酸cyanogeneticglycosideplantpoisoning含氰甙植物中毒cyanogeneticglycoside含氰甙cyanomethemoglobin氰化正铁血红蛋白cycasin苏铁素cyclamate环己氨基磺酸盐cyclicN-nitrosocompound环状N-亚硝基化台钧cyclochlorotine环氯素cysteine半胱氨酸cystine胱氨酸cytochrome细胞色素cytochromeoxidase细胞色素氧化酶dailydietaryallowance每日膳食供给量DaturastramoniumL.蔓陀萝dayblindness昼盲（症）daylily黄花莱，金针莱21-daysurvivalindex21天哺育成活率2，4-D；2，4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid2，4-D；2，4-二氯苯氧醋酸DDVP；dichlorvos；dichlorphos敌敌畏dealkylation脱烷基化作用deamination脱氨基作用Debaryomyces德巴利氏酵母属differencebetweenindividuals个体差异delayedneurotoxicity迟发性神经毒作用delayedneurotoxicitytest迟发神经毒性试验delta-BHCδ-六六六Demeton，systox内吸磷Densityofenergy热能密度Densityofnutrient营养素密度dentalplaque斑牙deoxyadenosylcobalamin腺苷钴胺酸Deoxynivalenol（DON）脱氧雪腐镰刀菌醇descendant子系体，后代Deuteromycetes（Imperfectfungi）半知茵纲（不完全菌纲）dhurrin蜀黍氰甙diabetesmellitus，DM糖尿病diabeticketoacidosis糖尿病酮症酸中毒diacetoxyscirpenol二醋酸熏草镰刀菌烯醇dialycerides甘油二脂Diazinon二嗪农dibenz（a，h）anthracene，DBA二苯并（a，h）蒽dichloro-diphenyltrichloroethane；1，1，1-trichloro-2，2-bis（P-chlorophenyl）ethan滴滴涕（DDT）dientamoebafragilis脆双核阿米巴decimalreductiontime（DRT）90%递减时间diet膳食，饮食dietarydietary食谱，饮食的dopamine-β-hydroxylase多巴胺-β-羟化酶12-12-dietaryhistory饮食习惯dietaryfiber膳食纤维dietaryguidelines膳食指南dietaryrecall膳食回顾dietaryreferencevalues，DRVs膳食参考量differencebetweenspecies种间差异digestibility消化率digestion消化dihydrochalcone二氢查耳酮dihydronivalenone二氢雪腐烯酮dihydrosafrole二氢黄樟素1，25-dihydroxycholecalciferol1，25-二羟维生素D37，12-dimethylbenz（a）anthracene；7，12-DMBA7，甲基苯并（a）蒽dioxin二噁英directcalorimetry直接测热法discriminationfactor差异系数diterpene双萜dithion畜虫磷diverticulosis憩室病DNArepairsynthesistestDNA修复合成试验domesticanimal家畜dose-effect（dose-response）relationship剂量效应（反应）关系drogs废渣driedbeancurd豆腐干Drosophilamelanogasterrecessivelethaltest果蝇隐性致死试验Drosophilarecessivelethalassay果蝇隐性致死试验duodenum十二指肠dwarfism矮小，侏儒症dystrophichyperkeratosis营养不良性角化过度eatingout出外用膳eatingpatterns饮食习惯Echinococcusgranulosus细粒棘球绦虫ECHOvirus埃柯病毒ecosystemicequipoise生态平衡edema水肿Ediblemicroorganismus食用微生物elastin弹性蛋白elderly老年人elementaryschool小学Embadomonasintestinalis肠内滴虫emulsion乳胶，乳浊剂，乳剂emulsoid乳胶体dominantlethaltest显性致死试验energy热能Escherichia埃希菌属energycoefficientEscherichia埃希菌属erythocytes红细胞fattyaciderythocytes红细胞fattyacid脂酸erythroskyrin红天精fecundationindex受孕率endemicarsenicpoisoning地方性砷中毒endemiccretinism地方性克汀病endemicdisease地方病endemicfluorinepoisoning地方性氟中毒endopeptidase肽链内切酶endosperm胚乳energyrequirment热能需要量Engel'sindex恩格尔指数enrichment强化（食品）enterogastrone肠抑胃素enterogenouscyanosis肠原性青紫enteroinvasive肠侵袭性大肠杆菌enteropathogenic肠致病性大肠杆菌enterotoxigenic肠产毒性大肠杆菌enterotoxin肠毒素epinephrine肾上腺素epiphysis松果体，骨骺epithollium上皮epoxide环氧化物12，13-epoxytrichothecenes12，13-环氧单端孢霉烯族化合物Esherichiacoli大肠杆菌essentialaminoacid必需氨基酸essentialfattyacid必需脂肪酸esterification酯化（作用）estimatedsafeandadequateintake安全适当的建议摄入量estrogen雌激素ethion乙硫磷ethnic人种的，人种学的Eumycetes真菌纲evaporatedmilk脱脂牛奶Faciolettailocana伊族棘口吸虫fallout沉降灰FAO/WHOJointCommitteeofAlimentaryCodex（CA-C）FAO/WHO食品卫生法规联合委员会farina面粉，淀粉Fasciolahepatica肝片吸虫Fasciolopsis姜片虫属Fasciolsheterophyes异形吸虫fast-food快餐fat脂肪Fat-solublevitamins脂溶性维生素FederalRadiationCouncil，FRC美国联邦辐射委员会Flavobacterium黄杆菌属feedingtestfor90days90天喂养试验feedingtestfor7days7天喂养试验FederalFoodDrugsandCosmeticAct联邦食品药品化妆品法（美国）Fenthion倍疏磷（百治屠）fermentedtea发酵茶Fermentivecornflour酵（臭）米面Fermentivecornflourintoxication酵（臭）米面食物中毒fern蕨类（羊齿植物）ferritin铁蛋白ferroxidase铁氧化酶fertilizer（化学）肥料F-2estrogenicmycotoxinF-2雌性发情毒素FetalAlcoholSyndrome，FAS胎儿酒精症候群fetus胎儿fiber纤维fibrin纤维蛋白fibrinogen纤维蛋白原finlesseel蟮鱼fish鱼，鱼类fishery渔业fishingground渔场flatulencefactor胃肠胀气因子Flavobacterumfarinofermentans酵米面黄杆茴flavonoid黄酮类化合物fluorene芴fluoride氟化物fluorine氟fluorosis氟中毒flourtortillas墨西哥薄饼fluidbalance体液平衡fluoride氟化物fluorosis氟中毒folacin叶酸folicacid叶酸foodadditive食品添加剂FoodandArgricultureOrganization，FAO联合国粮农组织FoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）of.美国食品与药物管理局foodchain食物链foodcolour食用色素foodcomposition食物成分foodcontamination食品污染foodfortifier食品强化剂foodgrainotherthanwheatandrice杂粮foodhygiene食品卫生学foodhygienelaw食品卫生法foodhygienicqualitydetection食品卫生质量鉴定foodorigindisease食源性疾病foodpoisoning食物中毒Foodtoxicology食品毒理学FoodSafetyCouncilof.美国食品安全性协会foodspoilage食品腐败变质foodstamp食品券foodstorage食品贮存foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus口蹄疫病毒fortification加强，强化freshwatercrab河蟹freshwaterfish淡水鱼friedbeancurd油豆腐fruitarian果食者fullbloodcount全血计数fumigant熏蒸剂fungi真菌fungicide杀菌剂fusarenon-X镰刀菌烯酮-Xgalactotransferase半乳糖转移酶gamma-BHCγ-六六六gammastreptococcus丙型链球菌grainembryo谷胚（芽）garlic大蒜gastroentericirritant胃肠刺激物gellyfish诲蜇gelsemine钩吻碱genemutation基因突变geneticallymodifiedfood，GMF转基因食品geo-chemicaldisease地球化学性疾病germination发芽Giardialamblia贾兰第鞭毛虫Gibberellazeae玉米赤霉ginkgobilobaL.银杏，白果ginkgolicacid白果酸Glasscan玻璃罐头glossitis舌炎glucagon胰高血糖素glucogenesis葡萄糖生成glucogenicaminoacid生糖氨基酸glucose葡萄糖glucosinolate芥子甙glutamicacid谷氨酸glucuronide葡糖苷酸glutathione谷胱甘肽glycemicindex血糖生成指数glycolysis糖酵解Gnathostomaspinigerum棘聘口线虫Hansenula汉逊酵母属glutathioneperoxdase谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glutinousrice糯米goitrogen致甲状腺肿因子GoodManufacturePractice(IMP)良好生产工艺gossypol棉酚grain，cereal谷类grainhusk谷皮grainmoth谷蠹grainpeat大谷盗grainprocessing粮食加工greenfood绿色食品grind碾磨grindintothickliquid磨浆guaiac愈创木脂gustin味觉素Gymnopilusspectabi1is桔黄裸伞gypsum石膏Gyromitraesculenta鹿花蕈Gyromitrin鹿花蕈素Hafnia哈夫尼亚菌属hallucinogen幻觉原Halobacterium嗜盐杆菌属Halococcus嗜盐球菌属harelip(cleftlip)唇裂heat-labiletoxin，LT不耐热肠毒素heat-stabletoxin，ST耐热肠毒素heavymetal重金属Heliotroplumlascocarpum毛果洋茉莉helminth蠕虫hemagglutinin血细胞凝集素heme血红素hemicellulose半纤维素hemoglobin血红蛋白hemolytictoxin溶血毒素hemosiderin血铁黄素herbicide除草剂heroin海洛因，吗啡highdensitylipoprotein高密度脂蛋白highdensitylipoproteincholesterin，HDL-C高密度脂蛋白胆固醇histamine组胺histidine组氨酸HT-2toxinHT-2毒素hydrazine肼，联氨hydrogenation氢化作用hydrogencyanide氢氰酸hydrolysishydrolysis水解作用indigocarmine靛蓝胭脂红hydrometer（液体）比重计hydrometry液体比重测定法hydroxyapatite羟磷灰石hydroxycholecalciferol羟基胆固醇化钙，25-羟维生素D3hydroxocobalamine羟钴胺素hydroxyergocalciferol羟基麦角钙化醇，25-羟维生素D2Hymonolepisdiminuta长膜壳绦虫hyperactivity功能亢进的hypercholesterolemia高胆固醇血症hyperlipaemia高脂蛋白血症hypertension高血压hypervitaminosis维生素过多症hypocalcemia低钙血症Ibotenicacid鹅膏鼙氨酸Idiopathichypogeusia自发性味觉减退IlliciumanisatumL.山大茴，毒茴香，假茴香，次大料Implantationperiod着床期incidenceofparturition妊娠率incomeelasticity收入弹性indexofnutritionalquality（INQ）营养质量指数indirectcalorimetry间接测热法indole吲哚（靛基质）Inocybe丝盖伞属inodizedsalt碘盐insecticide杀虫剂inspectoroffoodhygiene食品卫生监督员insulin胰岛素InternationalCommissiononRadiologicalProtection；ICRP国际放射防护委员会iodine碘iodindeficiencydisorders碘缺乏病ionizationtheory离子化学说iron铁islanditoxin岛青霉毒素isoleucine异亮氨酸isosafrole异黄樟素lsothiocyanates异硫氰酸酯Isosporahominis人等胞子球虫Isoxazolederivative异噁唑衍生物joule焦耳juniorfood幼儿食品Kahagawaphenomenon神奈川现象indicatoroffoodhygienequality食品卫生质量指标kelp海带lowdensitylipoproteincholesterin，LDL-Clowdensitylipoproteincholesterin，LDL-C低密度脂蛋白胆固醇lungfluke肺吸虫leptin瘦素Lycopene番茄红素kerantin角蛋白ketogenicaminoacid生酮氨基酸ketosis酮病kilocalorie千卡Kilojoule干焦Klebsiella克雷伯菌属Konwey'sdish康威皿kwashiorkor恶性营养不良LabelingofINQINQ标志(营养质量指数标志)lacinsect紫胶虫lactation泌乳，哺乳Lactarius乳菇属Lactobacilius乳杆菌属L-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninemethylester天门冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯lathyrism山黧豆中毒lead铅leadlinear铅线leadload铅负荷leafprotein叶蛋白leanbodymass瘦体质leanmeat瘦肉lecithin卵磷脂leucine亮氨酸L-α，γ-diamlnobutyricacidL-α，γ-二氨基丁酸life-spantoxicitytest终生毒性试验lignin木质素limitingaminoacid限制氨基酸linamarin亚麻苦甙，棉豆甙lindane林丹linolenicacid亚麻酸linolieacid亚油酸linuron，N′-(3，4-dichlorophenyl)N-methoxy-N-methylurea利谷隆lipase脂肪酶lipid脂类lipoids类脂质lipoprotein脂蛋白lithium锂livebirthindex出生成活率liverfluke肝吸虫LoliumtemulentumL.毒麦longtermtoxicitytest长期毒性试验lowdensitylipoprotein低密度脂蛋白lysine赖氨酸lysyloxidase赖氨酰氧化酶macrocyticanemia，macrocyte巨红细胞macroelement宏量元素MadCowDisease疯牛病magnesium镁maize玉米malathion，Karbofos马拉硫磷malnutrition营养不良mammitis，mastitis乳房炎managementoffoodhygiene食品卫生管理managementoffoodpoisoning食物中毒管理manganese锰manibotutilissima木薯marasmus消瘦，消耗marinefish海鱼matrix基质maximumno-effectlevel（MNL）最大无作用量maximumprobablenumberofcoliformgroup大肠菌群最近似数maximumno-effectdose最大无作用剂量maximumresiduelimit最高容许残留量maximumresiduelimit最大残留限量mediumlethaldose（LD50）半数致死量megajoule兆焦megaloblasticanemia，megalobast巨幼红细胞melanin黑色素mercury汞metabolicantagonist代谢拮抗物metabolichalf-life（Ti）代谢半衰期metabolism代谢metabolismtestofxenobiotics外来化合物代谢试验MetagonimusYokogawai横川后殖吸虫Metallictoxicant金属毒物metallothionein，MT金属硫蛋白methemoglobinemia高铁血红蛋白血症methemoglobinreductase高铁血红蛋白还原酶methionine蛋氨酸methyl2-benzimidazole-carbamate（MBC）多菌灵methyleneblue亚甲蓝，美蓝3-methyleholanthrene（3-MCA）3-甲基胆蒽4-methylimidazole4-甲基咪唑Micrococcus微球菌属Micrococcusroseum玫瑰微球菌microelement微量元素micronucleustest微核试验meatfactor肉类因子microsomemediatedassay微粒体间介试验millet小米monounsaturatedmillet小米milkcurd凝乳milker挤奶器milksugar，lactose乳糖mineral无机盐minimaleffectlevel最小有作用剂量minimiumobservedadverseeffectlevel(LOAEL)最小可见损害作用水平misciblecalciumpool混溶钙池mite螨类mitochondrion线粒体mixedpolysaccharide杂多糖moistureabsorption吸湿性molasses糖蜜mollusc软体动物molybdenum铝monascorubin红粬红素Monascuspurpureus紫红粬霉moniliformin串珠镰刀菌素Monoamineoxidase单胺氧化酶monoglyceride单酸甘油脂monosacchavide单糖monosodiumglutamate谷氨酸钠，味精monomethylhydrazine甲基联氨monuron，N′-(P-chlorophenyl)-N，N-dimethylurea灭草隆moralrule道德规范mottlingofteeth斑牙症mouse鼠类mouseunit，MU小鼠单位Mucor毛霉属mungbean绿豆muscarine毒蝇碱muscimol毒蝇母mutagenicitytest致突变试验myoglobin肌红蛋白myosin肌球蛋白myristicacid豆蔻酸NADH-dehydrogenase还原型辅酶I脱氢酶β-N-(γ-L-glutamyl)-aminopropionitrile-Nβ-(γ-L-谷氨酰基)氨基丙腈naringindihydrochalcone柚苷二氢查耳酮naturalradioactivebackground天然放射性本底naturalradionuclide天然放射性核索negativenitrogenbalance负氮平衡neohesperidindihydrochalcone新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮neo-solaniol新茄病镰刀菌烯醇netproteinutilization蛋白质净利用率neurotoxicant神经毒neurotoxicesterase神经毒素酶neutralfat中性脂肪newresourcesoffood食物新资源niacin烟酸，尼克酸，维生素PPnicotinicacid尼克酸nickel镍nightblindness夜昼（症）nisin乳酸链球苗肽nitrile腈nitrite亚硝酸盐nitritepoisoning亚硝酸盐中毒nitrogensolubleindex（NSI）氮溶解指数nitrophen，2，4-dichloro-1-（4′-nitrophenoxy）benzene除草醚nivalenol雪腐镰刀菌烯醇，瓜萎镰菌醇nivalenoldiacetate二醋酸雪腐镰刀菌烯醇N-nitramineN-硝胺N-nitrosamideN-亚硝酰胺N-nitrosamidineN-亚硝基脒N-nitrosamineN-亚硝胺N-nitrosocarbarylN—亚硝西维因N-nitrosodiethanolamine二乙醇-N-亚硝胺N-nitrosodiethylamine二乙基-N-亚硝胺N-nltrosodimethylamine二甲基-N-亚硝胺N-nitrosomorpholineN-亚硝基吗啉N-nitrosopiperazidine（N-nitrosopiperazine）N-亚硝基哌嗪N-nitrosopiperidineN-亚磺基哌啶N-niterosopyrrolidineN-亚硝基吡咯烷N-nitrososugaraminoacidsN-亚硝基糖氨基酸N-nitrosoureaN-亚硝基脲non-essentialaminoacid非必需氨基酸non-fermentedtea未发酵茶no-observed-adverse-effectlevel（NOAEL）无明显损害作用水平no-observed-effectlevel（NOEL）无明显作用水平norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素nordihydroguaiareticacid去甲二氢愈创木酸γ-N-oxalyl-L-α，β-diaminobutyricacid-Nγ-草酰-L-α，β-二氨基丁酸β-N-oxalyl-L-α，β-diaminopropionicacidβ-N-草酰-L-α，β-二氨基丙酸nucleotide核苷酸nutrient营养素nutritionalecology营养生态学N-nitroso-compoundN-亚硝基化合物nutritionalhygiene营养卫生学nutritionalmarasmus营养消瘦症nutritionalrequirement营养素生理需要量nutritionalmarasmus营养消瘦症nutritionalrequirement营养素生理需要量nutritionalsurveillance营养监测obesity肥胖，肥胖症ochratoxin赭曲霉毒素oils油类oilseedcake油籽饼oil-seedmeal油籽饼粉one-carbonunit一碳单位onion洋葱，葱头Opisthorchisfelineus猫后皋吸虫Opisthorchis(clonorchis)sinensis华支睾吸虫opium鸦片opsin视蛋白Oranolepticindicator感官指标organelle细胞器organoarsenic有机砷organomercury有机汞organophosphorus有机磷osmoticpressure渗透压ossification骨化(作用)osteomalacia骨软化(症)osteoporosis骨质疏松症o-sulfobenzoicacid邻磺基苯甲酸overweight超重oxalate草酸盐oxalicacid草酸oxidation氧化oxidativephosphorylation氧化磷酸化oxyhemoglobin氧合血红蛋白oysterpalmiticacid软脂酸Panaeolus花褶伞属pantothenicacid，pantothen泛酸Paragonismuswestermani卫氏并殖吸虫Parameciumcaudatum尾草履虫Parathion，Thiophos，1605对硫磷parathyroidhormone，parathyrin甲状旁腺素pasterpowderlayer(a1euronelayer)糊粉层pasteurization巴氏消毒法patulin展青霉素pectintranseliminase果胶反排除酶pellagra糙皮症，玉米红斑病Penicillium青霉菌属osteoblast成骨细胞peptide肽，肽段nutritionalirondeficiencyanemia，IDA营养缺铁性贫osteoclast破骨细胞多环芳烃多环芳烃peraceticacid过氧乙酸peristalsis蠕动pesticide农药pesttostore（storepests）仓库虫害peripheralnutrition，PPN外周静脉营养phallotoxins毒伞七肽类PhaseolusvulgarisL.四季豆，莱豆角，芸豆角phenylalanine苯丙氨酸phenylketonuria，PKU苯丙酮尿症phospholipid磷脂phorate，E13911甲拌磷，（3911）phosphatide磷脂phospholipid磷脂phosphorus磷phosvitin卵黄高磷蛋白Photobacteriumphosphorescens磷光发光菌Phycomycetes藻菌纲physicalexpansion物理性膨胀（罐头）physiologicalhyaluronidaseinhibitor生理透明质酸抑制剂physiologicalnutritionrequirment营养生理需要量phytate植酸盐phyticacid植酸phytohemagglutinin（PHA）植物凝血素Pichia毕赤酵母属pigeonchest鸡胸Plankton浮游生物plant植物plantgrowthregulator植物生长调节素plantsterol植物固醇plasticcan塑料罐头plateletstickness血小板粘结poliomyelitisvirus小儿麻痹症病毒polonium钋polycyclicaromatichydrocarbons（PAH）类polyoxyethyleneether聚氧乙烯醚polysaccharidepolymerase多糖聚合酶polyunsaturatedfattyacid多不饱和脂肪酸ponceau4R胭脂红，丽春红4Rpoppy罂粟porphyria紫质症porphyrin卟啉positivenitrogenbalance正氮平衡potassium钾practicalresiduelimit实际残留限量prandial膳食的precursor前体物radiumradium镭preservative防腐剂press压榨Propionibacterium丙酸杆菌属propylgallate没食子酸丙酯prostaglandin前列腺素protease蛋白酶protectiveeffect防护作用protein蛋白质proteinconcentrate浓缩蛋白proteinefficiencyratio蛋白质功效比值protein-energymalnutrition，PEM蛋白质热能缺乏性营养不良proteinisolate分离蛋白proteinsparingaction蛋白质节约作用Proteus变形杆菌属proteusfoodpoisoning变形杆菌食物中毒puckery味涩putrescine腐胺pyridoxine吡哆醇，维生素B6pyrimidine嘧啶pyrrolidinealkaloids吡咯烷生物碱类radioactivepollution放射性污染（公害）radioactivecontamination放射性污染rationaldiet合理膳食recommendeddailydietaryallowance（RDA）推荐每日膳食供给量recommendedprogramoffoodsafetyevaluation食品安全性评价程序建议redbean赤豆reductase还原酶referencemenandwomen参考人reproductiontest繁殖试验reproductiontestbyfeeding喂养繁殖试验requirement需要量residue残留resistin抵抗素respiratorychain呼吸链retinoicacid视黄酸retinol视黄醇retinolequivalent视黄醇当量Rhizopus根霉属rhodanase硫氰酸酶Rhodophyllus粉褶辈属Rhodotorula红酵母属riboflavin核黄素，维生素B2ribosome核糖体radionuclide放射性核素rice稻米riceweevil米象ricin蓖麻毒素，蓖麻毒蛋白ricinine蓖麻碱ricinism蓖麻中毒RicinuscommunisL.蓖麻rickets佝偻病rodenticide杀鼠药Rogor，dimethoate，Roxion乐果Rosaceae蔷薇科rubropunctatin红斑素rye黑麦saccharin糖精Saccharomyces酵母属safecropperiod安全收割期，安全施药间隔期safetycoefficient安全系数safflower红花safrole黄樟素saliva唾液saliveryamylase唾液淀粉酶Salmonella沙门菌属salt食盐sampling采样saponin皂素，皂甙sassafras黄樟树satiety饱腹感saturatedfattyacid饱和脂肪酸scenedemine栅列藻scopolamine东莨菪碱，莨菪胺scurvy坏血病seacrab海蟹seedhusk种皮selenium硒semi-fermentedtea半发酵茶Serratia沙雷菌属serratiamarcesens粘质沙雷菌Sevin，Carbaryl西维因sexualinfantilism性幼稚型shelflife货架寿命shigellasonnei宋内志贺菌shihimicacid毒八角酸shorttermtoxicitytest短期毒性试揸silicon硅singlecellprotein（SCP）单细胞蛋白sister-chromatidexchangeassay姐妹染色单体互换试验sitoesterol谷固醇skatole甲基吲哚（粪臭素）smallforgestationalageinfant（SGAI）足月小样儿soaking浸泡socialnutrition社会营养sodiumcopperchlorophyll叶绿素铜钠盐sodiumhydrosulfite连二亚硫酸钠sodiumhyposulfite硫代硫酸钠sodiumnitrite亚硝酸钠sodiumpyrosulfite焦亚硫酸钠sodiumselenite亚硒酸钠。Sodiumthiosulfate硫代硫酸钠softcan软罐头solanine龙葵素，茄碱Sophraalopecuroides狐尾槐Sophorapachycarpa厚果槐sorbicacid山梨酸，花楸酸。Sorghum高梁sourmilk酸奶soya-beanmilk豆浆soybean大豆soyproteinconcentrate浓缩大豆蛋白soyproteinisolate分离大豆蛋白specificdynamicaction食物特别动力作用spermmalformationtest精子畸形试验spermineoxidase精胺氧化酶Stachybotuscorda黑色葡萄状穗霉staleness陈化StamF-34；N-3，4-dichloropropionanilide敌稗standardoffoodhygiene食品卫生标准standardrice标准米standardflour标准面Staphylococcus葡萄球菌Staphylococcusaureus金黄葡萄球菌Staphylococcusepidermidis表皮葡萄球菌starvation饥饿，绝食stearicacid硬脂酸sterigmatocystin杂色曲霉素sterilization灭菌，消毒Staphylococcussaprophyticus腐生葡萄球菌sterol固醇stevioside卡哈苡苷，甜味菊苷Streptococcus链球菌Streptococcusfaecalis粪链球菌Streptocoocusfaecium粪渣链球菌Streptococcushemolyticus溶血性链球菌Streptococcusviridans草绿色链球菌stress应激strontium锶sproutedpotatopoisoning发芽马铃薯中毒strontiumunit锶单位StrophariaStropharia球盖菇属technicalruleoffoodhygiene食品卫生技术规范subchronictoxicitytest亚慢性毒性试验substitutedtryptamine色胺取代物succinatedehydrogenase琥珀酸脱氢酶sulfone砜sulfonide亚砜Sumithion，Fenitrothion杀螟松sunsetyellowFCF日落黄superoxidedismutase超氧化物歧化酶supplementaryaction互补作用（蛋白）surveyandtreatmentoffoodpoisoning食物中毒调查处理sweat汗液sweetpotato甘薯synthesis合成Taeni