专业英语写作Chapter3basicskillsinessaywriting课件

Chapter3

BasicSkillsinWritingEssays1.Structureofanessay----Muchlikethatofaparagraph,asshowninthefollowingchart.Chapter3

BasicSkillsinWrit1MatchingchartofanessaywithaparagraphStructureofaParagraphStructureofanEssayFunctionofEachPartI.TopicsentenceI.Introduction1.GeneralStatementsAboutthetopic2.TopicStatement/ThesisStatementTostatethemainideaII.SupportingsentencesII.Body(atleastone,butusuallytwoormoreparagraphs)Paragraph1TopicSentenceEachparagraphdevelopsamajorpointofthetopic,sothenumberofparagraphsinthebodywillvarywiththenumberofthemajorpoints.SupportingSentencesConcludingSentenceParagraph2TopicSentenceSupportingSentencesConcludingSentenceParagraph3TopicSentenceSupportingSentencesConcludingSentenceIII.ConcludingsentenceIII.ConclusionRestatementorSummaryofthemainpoints;Finalcomment;Writer’view,attitude,etc.Tosumuporreflectthemainpointsdiscussedinthebody.StructureofaParagraphStruct22.BeginninganEssay:CreatinganOpeningParagraphFourpurposesoftheopeningparagraph:1)Itstatesthetopicoftheessay.2)Itgivesbackgroundinformationonthetopic.3)Itshouldarousethereader’scuriosityaboutorinterestinthetopic.4)Itoftenindicatesthefocus,purpose,ordirectionoftheessay.2.BeginninganEssay:Creatin3Twopartsoftheopeningparagraph

1)Generalstatements:

a-----introducethetopicoftheessayb----giveageneralbackgroundofthetopic

2)Thetopicstatement:a----statesthemainpointb----limitsthetopicc----givesthetopicafocusorevenliststhemajorsubtopicsthatwillbediscussedinthebody.d----mayindicatethemethodoforganization.e----isusuallythelastsentenceintheopeningparagraph.Twopartsoftheopeningparag4Sample1AUniversityProfessor

(S1)Mr.LiisaseniorprofessorinHIST.(S2)Overtheyearsofhisteachingcareer,heispraisedbyhisstudentsforhisteachingskills,personalitiesandsenseofresponsibility,aswellashiscolleaguesforhisqualifications,scholarshipandcontribution.(Sentence1isageneralstatementwhichgiveageneralbackgroundofthetopic;sentence2isatopicstatementwhichliststhemajorsubtopicsthatwillbediscussedinthebody.)Sample1AUniversityProfessor5Sample2AUniversityProfessorIninformationage,teachingasauniversityprofessorbecomesincreasinglychallenging.Auniversityprofessorshouldhaveastrongcuriosityfornewknowledgebutalsokeephimselfinaleadingacademicposition.

(Sentence1isageneralstatementwhichgivesageneralbackgroundofthetopic;sentence2isatopicstatementwhichstatesthemainpointandlimitsthetopic.)Sample2AUniversityProfessor63.EndinganEssay:CreatingaConcludingParagraphTheconcludingparagraphshoulddirectlyorindirectlygivereaderthesignalthatyouhavefinishedandremindyourreaderofthemainpointsoftheessaybythefollowingstrategies:

3.EndinganEssay:Creatinga71)Asummaryorrestatementofthemainpointsoftheessay.2)

Yourfinalconclusion,comment,discovery,orattitude,basedontheinformationyouhaveprovidedinthebody.3)Asolutiontotheproblemsyouhavediscussed.

专业英语写作Chapter3basicskillsinessaywriting课件8Sample1:Asummaryorrestatementofthemainpointsoftheessay.Television—HarmfultoChildrenSample1:Asummaryorrestate9Nowadays,televisionsetshavebecomestandardpiecesofequipmentinmosthomes,andwatchingtelevisionhasbecomeastandardactivityformostfamilies.Childreninmodernsocietygrowwatchingtelevisioninthemorning,intheafternoon,andoftenintheeveningaswell.Althoughtherearemanyexcellentprogramsforchildren,manypeoplefeelthattelevisionmaynotbegoodforchildren.Infact,televisionmaybeabadinfluenceonchildrenforthreemainreasons.Firstofall,someprogramsarenotgoodforchildrentosee.Forexample,therearemanypolicestoriesontelevision.Peoplearekilledwithguns,knives,andevencars.Somechildrenmightthinkthatthesethingscouldhappentothematanytime.Therefore,theycanbecomefrightened.Inaddition,someyoungstersmightbegintothinkthatviolenceisanormalpartoflifebecausetheyseeitoftenontelevision.Theymaybegintoactouttheviolencetheyseeandhurtthemselvesortheirplaymates.Second,televisioncanaffectchildren’sreadingability.Readingrequiresskillsandbrainprocessthatwatchingtelevisiondoesnot.Ifchildrenwatchtelevisiontoomanyhoursaday,theydon’tpracticetheskillstheyneedtolearnhowtoread.Finally,televisionmayaffectchildren’sschoolworkinotherways.Iftheyspendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevision,theymaygetbehindintheirhomework.Alsoiftheystayuptowatchalatemovie,theymayfallasleepinclassthenextday.Consequently,theywillnotlearntheirlessons,andevenfailinschool.

Inconclusion,ifchildrenwatchtoomuchtelevisionorwatchthewrongprograms,theirpersonalitiescanbeharmed.Furthermore,theirprogressinschoolcanbeaffected.Therefore,parentsshouldknowwhatprogramstheirchildrenarewatching.Theyshouldalsoturnoffthetelevisionsothattheirchildrenwillstudy.Nowadays,televisionsetsh10Analysis:Topicintheintroductoryparagraph:Infact,televisionmaybeabadinfluenceonchildrenforthreemainreasons.Asummaryintheconcludingparagraph:Inconclusion,ifchildrenwatchtoomuchtelevisionorwatchthewrongprograms,theirpersonalitiescanbeharmed.Furthermore,theirprogressinschoolcanbeaffected.Analysis:11Sample2:Yourfinalconclusion,comment,discovery,orattitude,basedontheinformationyouhaveprovidedinthebody.

Title:LivingintheTwentiethCenturyTopicintheintroductoryparagraph:Livinginthetwentiethcenturyhascertainadvantagessuchasahigherstandardofliving,butitalsohassomedisadvantagessuchasapollutedenvironment,thedepersonalizationofhumanrelationships,andtheweakeningofspiritualvalues.Restatementandcommentsintheendingparagraph:Inconclusion,althoughthetwentiethcenturyhasindeedgivenusalotofadvantagesbymakingusricher,healthier,andfreertoenjoyourlives,ithas,inmyopinion,notmadeuswiser.Thetwentiethcenturyhasalsomadeourearthdirtier,ourpeoplelesshumane,andourspirituallivespoorer.Weshouldcontinuetoenjoythebenefitsoftechnologicaladvancementsbecausetheyfreeustopursueourinterestsandgoals.However,wemustmakeaconcertedefforttopreserveournaturalenvironmentforfuturegenerations.Moreover,weshouldtakethetimenowtomakeourlivesmoremeaningfulinanincreasinglyimpersonal,mechanizedworld.Sample2:Yourfinalconclusi12#Sample3:Asolutiontotheproblemsyouhavediscussed.

Title:FakeGoods

IntroductoryparagraphMarketsalloverthecountryareswampedwithfakeandpoorqualityproducts.Thishasharmedgreatlythestate’sinterestsandpeople’shealth.Forexample,falsepoisonmadeinonefactorynotonlycannotkillrats,butalsogivesthemimmunityandmakesthemhealthier.ConcludingparagraphSocietyshouldpaygreatattentiontotheseillegalactivities,whichshouldbepunishedaccordingtothelaw.Theleadersinchargeshouldtakemeasurestostoptheseharmfulactivities.Otherwise,theyshouldbemadeaccountablefortheconsequences.#Sample3:Asolutiontothep13Exercise:Writeaconcludingparagraphforthefollowingopeningparagraphbydrawingaconclusion.Choosingahusbandorwifeisoneoftheimportantdecisionsinaperson’slifebecauseagoodmarriagecanmeanthedifferencebetweenahappyandanunhappylife.Inmanycultures,youngmenandwomenchoosetheirownmarriagepartners.Insomecultures,ontheotherhand,parentsarrangetheirchildren’smarriages.Sucharrangedmarriageshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Exercise:Writeaconcludingp14KeytoExerciseAboveInconclusion,neitheranarrangedmarriagenoramarriageforloveisnecessarilygoingtobehappy.Bothkindsofmarriagestakework,patience,andperhapsalittlebitofluck.KeytoExerciseAboveInconclu15Chapter3

BasicSkillsinWritingEssays1.Structureofanessay----Muchlikethatofaparagraph,asshowninthefollowingchart.Chapter3

BasicSkillsinWrit16MatchingchartofanessaywithaparagraphStructureofaParagraphStructureofanEssayFunctionofEachPartI.TopicsentenceI.Introduction1.GeneralStatementsAboutthetopic2.TopicStatement/ThesisStatementTostatethemainideaII.SupportingsentencesII.Body(atleastone,butusuallytwoormoreparagraphs)Paragraph1TopicSentenceEachparagraphdevelopsamajorpointofthetopic,sothenumberofparagraphsinthebodywillvarywiththenumberofthemajorpoints.SupportingSentencesConcludingSentenceParagraph2TopicSentenceSupportingSentencesConcludingSentenceParagraph3TopicSentenceSupportingSentencesConcludingSentenceIII.ConcludingsentenceIII.ConclusionRestatementorSummaryofthemainpoints;Finalcomment;Writer’view,attitude,etc.Tosumuporreflectthemainpointsdiscussedinthebody.StructureofaParagraphStruct172.BeginninganEssay:CreatinganOpeningParagraphFourpurposesoftheopeningparagraph:1)Itstatesthetopicoftheessay.2)Itgivesbackgroundinformationonthetopic.3)Itshouldarousethereader’scuriosityaboutorinterestinthetopic.4)Itoftenindicatesthefocus,purpose,ordirectionoftheessay.2.BeginninganEssay:Creatin18Twopartsoftheopeningparagraph

1)Generalstatements:

a-----introducethetopicoftheessayb----giveageneralbackgroundofthetopic

2)Thetopicstatement:a----statesthemainpointb----limitsthetopicc----givesthetopicafocusorevenliststhemajorsubtopicsthatwillbediscussedinthebody.d----mayindicatethemethodoforganization.e----isusuallythelastsentenceintheopeningparagraph.Twopartsoftheopeningparag19Sample1AUniversityProfessor

(S1)Mr.LiisaseniorprofessorinHIST.(S2)Overtheyearsofhisteachingcareer,heispraisedbyhisstudentsforhisteachingskills,personalitiesandsenseofresponsibility,aswellashiscolleaguesforhisqualifications,scholarshipandcontribution.(Sentence1isageneralstatementwhichgiveageneralbackgroundofthetopic;sentence2isatopicstatementwhichliststhemajorsubtopicsthatwillbediscussedinthebody.)Sample1AUniversityProfessor20Sample2AUniversityProfessorIninformationage,teachingasauniversityprofessorbecomesincreasinglychallenging.Auniversityprofessorshouldhaveastrongcuriosityfornewknowledgebutalsokeephimselfinaleadingacademicposition.

(Sentence1isageneralstatementwhichgivesageneralbackgroundofthetopic;sentence2isatopicstatementwhichstatesthemainpointandlimitsthetopic.)Sample2AUniversityProfessor213.EndinganEssay:CreatingaConcludingParagraphTheconcludingparagraphshoulddirectlyorindirectlygivereaderthesignalthatyouhavefinishedandremindyourreaderofthemainpointsoftheessaybythefollowingstrategies:

3.EndinganEssay:Creatinga221)Asummaryorrestatementofthemainpointsoftheessay.2)

Yourfinalconclusion,comment,discovery,orattitude,basedontheinformationyouhaveprovidedinthebody.3)Asolutiontotheproblemsyouhavediscussed.

专业英语写作Chapter3basicskillsinessaywriting课件23Sample1:Asummaryorrestatementofthemainpointsoftheessay.Television—HarmfultoChildrenSample1:Asummaryorrestate24Nowadays,televisionsetshavebecomestandardpiecesofequipmentinmosthomes,andwatchingtelevisionhasbecomeastandardactivityformostfamilies.Childreninmodernsocietygrowwatchingtelevisioninthemorning,intheafternoon,andoftenintheeveningaswell.Althoughtherearemanyexcellentprogramsforchildren,manypeoplefeelthattelevisionmaynotbegoodforchildren.Infact,televisionmaybeabadinfluenceonchildrenforthreemainreasons.Firstofall,someprogramsarenotgoodforchildrentosee.Forexample,therearemanypolicestoriesontelevision.Peoplearekilledwithguns,knives,andevencars.Somechildrenmightthinkthatthesethingscouldhappentothematanytime.Therefore,theycanbecomefrightened.Inaddition,someyoungstersmightbegintothinkthatviolenceisanormalpartoflifebecausetheyseeitoftenontelevision.Theymaybegintoactouttheviolencetheyseeandhurtthemselvesortheirplaymates.Second,televisioncanaffectchildren’sreadingability.Readingrequiresskillsandbrainprocessthatwatchingtelevisiondoesnot.Ifchildrenwatchtelevisiontoomanyhoursaday,theydon’tpracticetheskillstheyneedtolearnhowtoread.Finally,televisionmayaffectchildren’sschoolworkinotherways.Iftheyspendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevision,theymaygetbehindintheirhomework.Alsoiftheystayuptowatchalatemovie,theymayfallasleepinclassthenextday.Consequently,theywillnotlearntheirlessons,andevenfailinschool.

Inconclusion,ifchildrenwatchtoomuchtelevisionorwatchthewrongprograms,theirpersonalitiescanbeharmed.Furthermore,theirprogressinschoolcanbeaffected.Therefore,parentsshouldknowwhatprogramstheirchildrenarewatching.Theyshouldalsoturnoffthetelevisionsothattheirchildrenwillstudy.Nowadays,televisionsetsh25Analysis:Topicintheintroductoryparagraph:Infact,televisionmaybeabadinfluenceonchildrenforthreemainreasons.Asummaryintheconcludingparagraph:Inconclusion,ifchildrenwatchtoomuchtelevisionorwatchthewrongprograms,theirpersonalitiescanbeharmed.Furthermore,theirprogressinschoolcanbeaffected.Analysis:26Sample2:Yourfinalconclusion,comment,discovery,orattitude,basedontheinformationyouhaveprovidedinthebody.

Title:LivingintheTwentiethCenturyTopicintheintroductoryparagraph:Livinginthetwentiethcenturyhascertainadvantagessuchasahigherstandardofliving,butitalsohassomedisadvantagessuchasapollutedenvironment,thedepersonalizationofhumanrelationships,andtheweakeningofspiritualvalues.Restatementandcommentsintheendingparagraph:Inconclusion,althoughthetwentiethcenturyhasindeedgivenusalotofadvantagesbymakingusricher,healthier,andfreertoenjoyourlives,ithas,inmyopinion,notmadeuswiser.Thetwentiethcenturyhasalsomadeourearthdirtier,ourpeoplelesshumane,andourspirituallivespoorer.Weshouldcontinuetoenjoythebenefitsoftechnologicaladvancementsbecausetheyfreeustopursueourinterestsand