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一）Most
of
us
use
alarm
clocks
to
wake
up
at
the
right
time
for
schoolor
work.
We
look
at
our
watches
to
know
the
right
time
for
the
bus
ortrain.
However,
there
is
also
a
right
time
to
eat,
sleep,
exercise,
and
takemedicine.
We
can’t
look
at
a
clock
for
the
right
time
for
these
activities.We
must
listen
to
the
clock
inside
our
bodies:
the
biological(adj.
生物的)clock.Barbara
Wells
exercised
every
morning.
She
woke
up
at
6:00
a.m.She
ran
about
two
miles
before
she
went
to
work.
But
Barbara’s
legs
andback
started
to
hurt.
She
did
some
exercise
before
she
ran.
But
her
legsand
back
still
hurt.
She
ran
slower,
but
the
pain
didn’t
stop.
Barbaratalked
to
her
doctor.
The
doctor
said,
“Don’t
run
in
the
morning.
Try
toexercise
later
in
the
day.
That
is
the
time
when
your
body
is
at
the
righttemperature
for
exercise
after
work.”
Her
legs
and
back
didn’t
hurtanymore.Today,
doctors
are
learning
more
about
chronobiology(n.
生物钟学),the
study
of
biological
clocks.
They
are
learning
about
the
importance
oftime
for
our
bodies.
For
example,
is
best
for
people
to
go
to
sleep
ontime
every
night
and
to
eat
only
when
they’re
hungry.
Also,
doctorsdiscovered
that
some
illnesses,
such
as
heat
attacks,
occur(v.发生)mostoften
in
the
morning.
This
information
tells
them
that
the
best
time
to
take第页/共页heart
medication
may
be
at
night.
When
patients
take
heart
medication
atnight,
they
may
prevent
a
heart
attack
in
the
morning.Many
doctors
believe
chronobiology(
生物钟
)
can
help
us
livehealthier
lives.
It
may
be
the
right
time
to
listen
to
these
doctors!请根据短文内容，回答下面问题。1.What
clocks
do
you
have
inside
your
bodies?2.How
far
did
Barbara
Wells
run
every
morning?3.How
did
Barbara
Wells’
legs
and
back
get
well?4.What
is
the
right
time
for
the
person
who
has
a
heart
attack
to
takeheart
medication?5.What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?（二）As
a
student,
I
was
most
afraid
to
answer
questions
in
class,
and
Ifound
that
the
students
around
were
just
like
me.
At
the
beginning
of
eachclass,
when
the
teacher
asked
a
question,
I
always
lowered
my
headbecause
I
was
afraid
the
teacher
saw
me.One
day,
in
a
foreign
language
class,
Mr.
Black
gave
us
a
lesson.
Hewanted
us
to
be
active
in
class,
so
he
asked
us
some
questions,
but
no
oneanswered.
“Let
me
you
a
story
first,”
he
said.“When
I
came
to
the
United
States
to
study,
the
university
ofteninvited
famous
people
to
make
speeches.
Before
the
beginning
of
everyspeech,
I
found
an
interesting
thing.
The
students
around
me
always
took第页/共页a
cardboard
folded(折叠的)
in
half,
wrote
their
names
in
bold(黑体)with
the
most
eyecatching(引人注目的
)
color,
and
then
placed
thecardboard
on
the
seat.
So
when
the
speaker
needed
the
answers
from
thestudents,
he
could
see
and
call
a
listener’s
name
directly.”“I
couldn’t
understand
that.
My
classmate
told
me
the
speakers
were
top
people,
who
meant
chances.
When
your
answer
was
to
his
surprise,
meant
he
might
give
you
more
chances.
In
fact,
I
really
saw
a
fewstudents
got
great
chances
because
of
that.”After
listening
to
the
story,
I
understood
that
the
chance
will
not
findyou
itself.
You
must
show
yourself
the
time
so
that
you
can
find
achance
on
the
card.1.
Why
did
the
writer
lower
his
head?_________________________________________________2.
What
did
Mr.
Black
want
the
students
to
do
in
his
class?_________________________________________________3.
How
did
the
speaker
get
to
know
the
students’
names?_________________________________________________4.
When
might
the
speaker
give
you
more
chances
according
to
thepassage?_________________________________________________5.
What
did
the
writer
understand
after
listeing
to
the
story?__________________________________________________第页/共页（三）Mr.
Dawson
was
a
man
with
a
bad
temper(
脾气).
And
everyone
intown
knew
it.
Kids
were
afraid
to
go
into
his
yard
to
pick
apples.One
Friday,
12yearold
Janet
and
her
friend
Amy
had
to
walkpast
Mr.
Dawson’s
house.
When
Janet
saw
him,
she
suggested
crossing
tothe
other
side.
But
Amy
said
they
needn’t.When
Mr.
Dawson
saw
Amy,
he
smiled
and
said,
“Hello,
Amy!
Isee
you
have
a
new
friend
with
you
today.” Amy
smiled
back
and
toldhim
that
Janet
would
stay
with
her
that
night.
Mr.
Dawson
looked
friendlyand
gave
them
each
a
fresh
apple.
The
girls
were
glad
to
get
them.Later
Janet
asked
Amy,
“Everyone
says
he
is
the
mostunwelcome
person
in
town.
Why
was
he
so
kind
to
us?”
Amy
explainedthat
when
she
first
walked
past
his
house,
she
was
also
afraid
of
him.
Butshe
pretended
there
was
an
invisible(
看不见的
）smile
on
his
face
andthen
started
talking
to
her
.
Just
a
“hello”
at
first,
and
then
more.“An
invisible
smile?”
Janet
was
puzzled,
“Yes,”
answered
Amy,“My
grandma
told
me
to
think
so.
She
says
smiles
can
run
around.
If
wekeep
smiling
at
someone,
sooner
or
later
he
will
really
smile
back.”Remember
what
Amy’s
grandma
said,
and
we
will
find
that
mostpeople
can’t
refuse
our
smile.1.
What
did
people
think
of
Mr.
Dawson?2.When
did
the
two
girls
walk
past
Mr.
Dawson’s
house?第页/共页3.
What
did
Janet
suggest
doing
when
two
girls
were
walking
pastMr.
Dawson’s
house?4.Who
did
Amy
learn
“an
invisible
smile”
from?5.
Why
was
Mr.
Dawson
so
kind
to
Amy?（四）It
is
easy
for
many
people
to
catch
a
cold
in
the
springtime
or
fall.
Itmakes
us
wonder
if
scientists
can
send
a
man
to
the
moon,
why
can’t
theyfind
a
cure
for
the
common
cold?
The
answer
is
easy.
There
are
actuallydifferent
cold
viruses
out
there.
You
never
know
which
one
you
will
get,so
there
isn’t
a
cure
for
each
one.When
a
virus
attacks
your
body,
your
body
works
hard
to
get
rid
ofit.
Blood
rushes
to
your
nose
and
causes
a
block
in
it.
You
feel
terriblebecause
you
can’t
breathe
well,
but
your
body
is
actually
eating
the
virus.Your
temperature
goes
up
and
you
get
a
fever,
but
the
heat
of
your
bodyis
killing
the
virus.
You
also
have
a
runny
nose
to
stop
the
virus
fromgetting
into
your
cells（细胞).
You
may
feel
very
uncomfortable,
butactually
your
wonderful
body
is
doing
everything
can
to
kill
the
cold.Different
people
do
different
things
to
deal
with
colds.
In
the
UnitedStates
and
some
other
countries,
for
example,
people
might
have
chickensoup
to
help
them
get
over
the
cold.
Some
people
take
hot
baths
and
drinkwarm
liquids.
Other
people
take
medicine
to
stop
different
symptoms(
症状)of
colds.第页/共页There
is
one
interesting
thing
to
note—some
scientists
say
takingmedicine
when
you
have
a
cold
is
actually
bad
for
you.
The
virus
stays
inyou
longer
because
your
body
doesn’t
have
a
way
to
fight
and
kill
it.Bodies
can
do
an
amazing
job
on
their
own.
There
is
a
joke,
however,
ontaking
medicine
when
you
have
a
cold.
It
goes
like
this:It
takes
about
one
week
to
get
over
a
cold
if
you
don’t
take
medicine,but
takes
only
seven
days
to
get
over
a
cold
if
you
take
medicine.1.
When
is
easy
for
many
people
to
catch
a
cold?___________________________________________________________2.
Why
do
you
have
difficulty
breathing
when
you
catch
a
cold?___________________________________________________________3.
How
might
Americans
deal
with
colds?
（one
example）___________________________________________________________4.
How
long
do
you
usually
spend
curing
the
common
cold?___________________________________________________________5.
What
do
you
think
of
taking
medicine
after
catching
a
cold?___________________________________________________________第页/共页（五）A
city
without
cars
would
be
very
strange,
right?
But
Venice
is
sucha
city.Venice
is
in
the
northeast
of
Italy.
It
wasn't
built
on
land,
like
Beijingor
Shanghai,
but
on
more
than
110
islands.
Seawater
is
everywherearound
the
city.Even
so,
travel
isn’t
difficult.
The
waterways
have
always
been
thebest
way
to
get
around.
There
are
117
waterways
and
more
than
400bridges
that
can
guide
you
where
you
want
to
go.
People
in
Venice
movefrom
place
to
place
by
boat.
They
like
to
enjoy
the
scenery(风光)
andcool
summer
nights
while
taking
boat
trips.
They
can
talk
to
other
peopleas
they
go
along.Venice
grew
out
of
small
islands
in
saltwater
lakes
when
someItalians
escaped
from
a
war
over
1,500
years
ago,
and
built
homes
there.Water
makes
the
city
special,
but
is
also
a
big
problem.
Sometimestourists
will
have
such
strange
experiences.
One
moment
they
walkacross
the
Rialto
Bridge,
and
there’s
nothing
special.
But
when
they
comeback
to
the
bridge
an
hour
later,
it’s
underwater
and
everyone
is
wearingrain
shoes.Once,
people
used
too
much
underground
water.
This
made
the
cityget
lower
by
Now
the
city
has
gone
down
by
23
centimeters.Another
problem
is
the
rising
seawater.
The
temperature
has
risen
over第页/共页the
years.
This
has
made
the
ice
of
the
Arctic
Ocean
( 北冰洋)
melt(
融化).Every
year,
high
waters
hit
the
city
in
autumn
and
winter.
When
a
lotof
water
comes,
more
than
half
of
the
city
is
underwater.Scientists
are
trying
different
ways
to
stop
the
city
from
getting
evenlower.
The
Italian
government
has
asked
some
of
Italy’s
biggestcompanies
to
build
the
MOST
project,
which
was
planned
to
be
buildunder
the
seawater
to
stop
the
rising
water.
Anyway,
this
project
ishelping
solve
the
problem.1.Which
part
of
Italy
is
Venice
in?________________________________________________________________2.How
do
people
in
Venice
move
from
place
to
place?________________________________________________________________3.What
did
Venice
grow
out
of
in
saltwater
lakes
over
1,500
yearsago?________________________________________________________________4.When
do
high
waters
hit
the
city
every
year?________________________________________________________________第页/共页5.Who
is
trying
different
ways
to
stop
the
city
from
getting
evenlower?________________________________________________________________（六）Young
children
don’t
have
the
skills
or
knowledge
to
stay
safe
inheavy
traffic.
The
following
tips
(
忠告)
will
be
helpful
for
you
to
keepyour
children
safe
in
heavy
traffic.
Children
learn
about
road
safety
bywatching
others.
As
parents,
make
sure
that
you
always
set
goodexamples.
Your
children
will
follow
you
and
think
it’s
OK
to
do
like
you.Teach
your
children
to
pay
attention
to
traffic
lights
when
you
cross
theroad
together
with
them.
This
helps
them
understand
when
it’s
safe
tocross.
Make
sure
that
you
walk
between
your
children
and
traffic,
andhold
their
hands
the
time.When
your
children
are
a
older,
you
can
start
to
them
theimportance
of
traffic
knowledge.
Let
them
start
to
understand
the
reasonswhy
they
need
to
be
so
careful.
Talk
with
them
about
road
signs
andtraffic
rules.Ask
your
children
to
play
in
a
safe
place.
Never
them
ridebikes
on
the
road
without
an
adult
present
at
rush
hours.The
most
important
thing
you
can
do
is
to
keep
your
childrenfrom
getting
hurt,
so
parents
encourage
them
to
follow
traffic
rules.
After第页/共页knowing
about
traffic
rules,
they’ll
volunteer
to
obey
them.
In
this
way,they’ll
be
careful
enough
to
keep
themselves
away
from
danger.1.
When
do
the
parents
their
children
about
road
signs
and
trafficrules?2.
Do
young
children
know
how
to
stay
safe
in
heavy
traffic?3.
Who
should
set
good
examples
to
young
children
on
the
road?4.
When
do
young
children
never
ride
bikes
alone
on
the
road?5.
When
will
children
volunteer
to
obey
traffic
rules?6.
What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?（七）Can
dolphins(海豚)
talk?
Maybe
they
can’t
talk
with
words,
but
theytalk
with
sounds.
They
show
their
feelings
with
sounds.Dolphins
travel
in
a
group.
We
call
a
group
of
fish
a
“school”.They
don’t
study,
but
they
travel
together.Dolphins
talk
to
the
other
dolphins
in
the
school.
They
giveinformation.
They
when
they
are
happy
or
sad
or
afraid.
They
say“welcome”
when
a
dolphin
comes
back
to
the
school.
They
talk
whenthey
play.They
make
a
few
sounds
above
water.
They
make
many
moresounds
under
water.
People
cannot
hear
these
sounds
because
they
arevery,
very
high.
Scientists
make
tapes
of
the
sounds
and
study
them..Sometimes
people
catch
a
dolphin
for
a
large
aquarium（水族馆）.第页/共页People
can
watch
the
dolphins
in
a
show.
Dolphins
don’t
like
to
be
awayfrom
their
school
in
an
aquarium.
They
are
sad
and
lonely.There
are
many
stories
about
dolphins.
They
help
people.Sometimes
they
save
somebody’s
life.
Dolphin
meat
is
good,
but
peopledon’t
like
to
kill
them.
They
say
that
dolphins
bring
good
luck.
Manypeople
believe
this.1.
How
do
dolphins
show
their
feelings?____________________________________________2.
Dolphins
talk
to
the
other
dolphins
in
the
school,
are
theystudying?_________________________________________________________________________3.
Do
dolphins
make
more
sounds
above
water
or
under
water?_________________________________________________________________________4.
Where
will
dolphins
live
if
people
catch
a
dolphin?_________________________________________________________________________5.
Why
don’t
people
like
to
kill
dolphins?_________________________________________________________________________第页/共页（八）We
need
to
be
responsible
for
our
environment.
Being
a
frugalisconsumer（节俭的消费者）
one
way
to
help.
But,
what
exactly
does
thatismean?Use
It
UpYou
can
use
things
up
instead
of
wasting
them.
Squeeze
that
last
bitof
toothpaste
out
of
the
tube.
Use
the
last
piece
of
soap.
Don't
throwaway
any
bits
of
the
biscuit
at
the
bottom
of
the
box.Wear
It
OutYou
do
not
always
need
to
have
new
things.
Suppose
your
sneakershave
broken
laces,
but
they
still
fit
you.
Repair
them
and
wear
themlonger.
You
don't
have
the
latest
iPhone
until
the
old
one
doesn't
workanymore.
Then
you
can
get
a
new
one.
Think
twice
before
replacingsomething
that
still
works.Make
It
DoWhen
something
you
want
is
not
on
hand,
look
for
something
elsethat
you
already
have
to
take
its
place.
Suppose
you
are
packing
yourlunch
for
tomorrow
and
want
a
butter
sandwich.
You
are
out
of
butter.Have
a
cheese
sandwich
instead
so
that
you
can
use
of
the
cheese.Learn
to
fix
broken
toys
instead
of
just
throwing
them
away.
With
a
thought,
you
can
make
something
do,
instead
of
buying
something
new.Do
Without第页/共页Think
about
those
things
that
you
would
like
to
have.
Do
youreally
need
them?
How
long
will
you
really
play
with
that
new
toy
yousaw
on
TV?
Making
the
things
that
we
want
uses
up
your
world'sresources（资源）.
And,
getting
rid
of
the
things
we
don't
want
any
moretakes
up
even
more
resources
and
space.1.
Do
we
need
to
be
responsible
for
our
environment?____________________________________________________________________2.How
do
we
deal
with
the
last
piece
of
soap?____________________________________________________________________3.
When
do
we
need
to
get
a
new
iPhone?____________________________________________________________________4.
What
should
we
do
when
something
we
want
is
not
on
hand?____________________________________________________________________5.
What
does
the
writer
want
to
us?____________________________________________________________________参考答案1、1.
The
biological
clock.第页/共页2.She
ran
about
two
mile.
(About)Two
miles.3.By
following
the
doctor’s
advice./
By
exercising
later
in
theday.4.At
nig
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