世行东亚太平洋地区Maserlayoufor

HydropowerDevelopmentinEastAsia&PacificRegion

Current&PlannedFutureWorldBankActivities

JunhuiWuEnergySectorManagerEastAsiaandPacificRegionTheWorldBank世行东亚太平洋地区现有及将来拟进行的水电业务吴君辉世行东亚太平洋地区能源部主任Outlines提纲RegionalContext地区背景OverviewofWorldBank’scontributiontohydropowerdevelopmentanditsinstitutional/social/environmentalimpacts世行开展的水电业务及其对机构、社会和环境的影响WorldBank’sEnergyAssistanceStrategyinEAP世行在东亚太平洋地区的能源援助战略–Howandwhatwecandotohelpsustainabledevelopmentofhydropower世行在水电可持续发展领域如何提供帮助？提供什么帮助？Themountainisstillyoung群山尚年轻Theregionisvibrantinbotheconomicgrowthandurbanization亚洲地区经济增长势头强劲，城市化发展速度迅猛RegionalContext地区背景RegionalContext地区背景The1997crisisdidnotdullpowerdemand1997年金融危机没有影响电力需求05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0001990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002EAPElectricityConsumption.TWh东亚太平洋地区电力消费TW/H

...oilimportshavegrownat6%ayearsince199005101520251990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002MillionsofbarrelsadayEAPOilConsumptionEAPOilProductionIMPORTS...oilimportshavegrownat6%ayearsince1990自90年以来，石油进口年增长6％05101520251990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002Millionsofbarrelsaday百万桶/天EAPOilConsumption东亚太平洋地区石油消耗EAPOilProduction石油生产IMPORTS进口EnergydemandisexpectedtogrowfastestinEastAsia(IEA2002)东亚能源需求将增长最快02,0004,0006,0008,00010,000200020102020MtoeUS&Canada美加EU15欧盟15国DevelopingEastAsia东亚发展中国家LatinAmerica拉美SouthAsia南亚RegionalContext地区背景CoaluseishighinEastAsia东亚用煤量大05001000NorthAmerica北美LatinAmerica&Caribbean拉美和加勒逼Europe&CentralAsia欧洲和中亚Africa非洲EastAsia东亚Aus-NZ新、澳SouthAsia南亚Mtoe,2002RegionalContext地区背景HighfossilfuelconsumptionisleadingtoincreasingGreenhouseGasemissions化石燃料高消耗导致温室气体排放增加012345671990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002BillionsoftonsofCO2fromfossilfuelconsumption化石燃料消耗产生数十亿的二氧化碳China中国Indonesia,Vietnam&Philippines印尼、越南和菲律宾S.Korea,Thailand南韩、泰国,Malaysia马来西亚USA美国Multilateralre-engaginginviablewaterresourceinfrastructuredevelopmentincludinghydropower,buttakingintoaccountsocial&environmentalconsiderations.多边机构重新进行可行的水资源基础设施项目，包括水电，但同时更加重视社会和环境影响RegionalContext地区背景WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行的贡献和影响8722

NumberofActiveHydropowerProjects-byProductLine现有的水电项目数WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行的贡献和影响WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行贡献和影响Introducedprojectappraisalmethodwhichallowsincorporationofenvironmentalexternalitieswhencomparingdevelopmentalternatives;引进进了了项项目目评评估估法法，，在在对对不不同同开开发发方方案案进进行行比比较较时时，，将将环环境境因因素素纳纳入入其其中中Introducedmodernprojectmanagementpractice(competitivebidding,relationshipbetweenowner/contractor/supervisionbodies);引入入了了现现代代项项目目管管理理方方法法（（竞竞争争性性招招标标，，理理顺顺业业主主/合合同同方方和和监监理理方方的的关关系系））DevelopedjointlywithChinesecounterpartadisciplinedapproachtohydropowerdevelopmentwithadequateattentiontosocialandenvironmentalsustainabilityincludingapovertyalleviationdimensionwhereverneeded;与中方共共同发展展了有效效的水电电开发方方式，充充分考虑虑社会和和环境可可持续性性，同时时还包括括扶贫Usedresettlementasdevelopmentopportunities–Shuikou(FujianChina)example.开发式移移民,如如福建建省水口口项目WB’sContributionsandImpacts世行贡献献和影响响WB’sEnergyAssistanceStrategyinEAP世行东亚亚太平洋洋地区能能源援助助战略Supporteconomicgrowthbyhelpingclientsmeetenergydemandinasustainablemanner帮助客户国,以可持续续方式,满满足能源需求求，支持经济济增长Improveenergysector’’sabilitytomobilizeinvestmentthroughdeepeningofreformandpublic-privatepartnerships深化改革和公公共及私营部部门合作，提提高能源行业业融资的能力力Promoterenewableenergyandenergyefficiency促进进可可再再生生能能源源发发展展,提提高高能能源源效效率率Scaleupinvestmentstoincreaseaccesstomodernenergyservices扩大大投投资资规规模模，，提提高高现现代代能能源源服服务务准准入入Promoteregionaltradeofenergy促进地区能源源贸易WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行东亚太平平洋地区在水水电领域的活活动CurrentPipelineandPossibleFutureHydropowerProjects--someexamples目前滚动计划划内项目和将将来可能进行行的水电项目目NamTheun2–projectpreparationatadvancedstageNamTheun二期项目准备备阶段即将完完毕ChinaRenewableEnergyScale-upProject(includessmallhydrorehabilitationinZhejiang)––projectpreparationatadvancedstage中国可再生能能源规模扩大大化项目（包包括浙江小水水电改造）准准备阶段即将将完毕GreaterMekongSub-region(GMS)hydropowerdevelopment大湄公河流域域水电开发Vietnamhydropowerdevelopmentprogram越南水电开发发项目Timor-LesteIraLalaroproject东帝汶IraLalaro项目Whatcanwedotohelp?我们能做什么么？Jointeffortswithgovernments/clientsforenvironmentalandsocialsafeguards–canwerelymoreoncountrysystems?与政府/客户户国携手共抓抓环保和社会会事宜－可否否更多地依靠靠本国的系统统体制？Financialassistanceinprojectpipelinepreparation–pre-feasibilitystudy;对项目准备的的财务援助－－预可研LeveragingprivatefinancingthroughIBRD/IDAinvestments,provisionofcreditenhancementsupportsuchasguarantees(MIGA,PRG,PCG),inadditiontopolicydialogue;除政策对话外外，通过IBRD/IDA投资，提供信信贷支持，如如担保（MIGA，PRG，PCG）吸引更多的私私营投资WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行东亚太平平洋地区在水水电领域的活活动Whatcanwedotohelp?我们能做什么么？Channelinggrants(GEF,Carbonfinancing,othertrustfunds)toimprovecommercialviability;争取赠款（全全球环境基金金，碳基金金及其其他赠赠款））提高高商业业效益益Leveragingregionalenergyresourcesthroughenergytrade––StrategicframeworkforGMSgridinterconnectionandpowertrade.通过能能源贸贸易，，如大大湄公公河电电网联联网和和电力力交易易战略略框架架，增增加地地区能能源资资源WB’’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行东东亚太太平洋洋地区区在水水电领领域的的活动动WB’’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行东东亚太太平洋洋地区区在水水电领领域的的活动动CarbonFinancing碳资助助Hydropowergeneratesemissionsreductionbydisplacingfossilfuelgeneration水电代替化石石燃料发电，，减少排放Emissionreductionsarecalculatedrelativetoabaseline(“withoutproject””case)andsubjecttovalidationbyanindependentvalidator减排计算相对对于基线而言言，需要得到到独立验证机机构的验证WB’sActivitiesforHydropowerDevelopmentinEAP世行东亚太平平洋地区在水水电领域的活活动CarbonFinancing碳资助Priceofcarbonemissionreductioncreditsdependson:碳减排排得分分的价价格取取决于于：Riskandrisk-sharing风险和和风险险分摊摊Supplyanddemandwithinmarketsegment市场供需需NegotiationofanE