2010年4月外刊经贸知识选读试题真题答案

PAGEPAGE11课程代码：00096请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上一、Chooseoneanswerthatbestexplainstheunderlinedpartofthefollowingsentences.（15230）题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。Owingtothefinancialcrisis,economicproblemswereexacerbatedallovertheworld.deteriorated B.improvedC.enlarged D.transformedTheauthoritiesarewillingtopermitarun-downinthecountry’sinternationalreservesoverthenextfewyears.runaway B.reductionC.enhancement D.downwardFiguresshowthatthebulkofourforeignobligationsconsistofnon-banktrade-relatedcredits.A.investments B.profitsC.revenues D.debtsForeigninvestorswanttoenjoythesametaxstatusasthedomesticones.A.treatment B.declineC.support D.objectionMorethanadecadeoffastgrowthmakesChinatosupplantJapanasWest’smaintradeworryinAsia.exceed B.replaceC.agreeD.defeatManygovernmentshavepromisedtotakemeasurestohelptheunemployed.action B.sizeC.degree D.careDiscriminationagainstgoodsfromforeigncountriesisprohibitedbyWTO.equality B.fairnessC.differenttreatment D.strictpolicyAmerica’sembraceofthefree-tradeagreementsbalancedallthecriticismfromthedevelopingcountries.suggestion B.insistenceC.oppositionD.acceptance9.Becauseofthemutualbenefitsnoonewouldtakeabreachofthoselawlightly.A.offenceB.obedienceC.strikeD.restEconomistsreckonJapanesebilateraltradesurpluswithAmericaisgrowingrapidly.A.recognize B.calculateC.predict D.suggestKorea’sambitiousplansincludeawholesalerevampingofthecountry’sbasicindustries.A.reconstructing B.retractingC.releasing D.revertingEventhewellestablishedconsultantsarefindingithardtosecuredefinitivelucrativeprojects.A.profitable B.reasonableC.safe D.riskyJapanesemanagersactmorelikewesternmanagers,puttingprofitsbeforetheirfirm’smarketshare.A.opportunity B.prospectC.protectionD.partIntheU.S.softdrinkindustryisdominatedbyCoca-ColaandPepsiCo.A.competedB.balancedC.madeD.controlledInvestmentfundshavemovedoutofcommoditiesandintoliquidassets.A.intheformofwater B.movingC.easilychangedintocash D.clear二、PutthefollowingphrasesintoEnglish.（本大题共10小题，每小题110）请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。最惠国待遇企业家精神人均收入贸易制裁资本市场21.（企业等的）总部有价证券批发商市场力量新兴工业三、PutthefollowingphrasesintoChinese.（本大题共10小题，每小题110）请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。couponfiscalpackagesvisibletradeGrossDomesticProducttradebalancecountervailingdutyconsumergoodsexportquotasystemconvertiblecurrencyfutures四、ReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsinEnglis.本6318）请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。Passage1AmericawantsJapantomeetimporttargetsforsomeAmericangoods.AnunwillingJapanhasdecidedtodrawtheline.ItisthepersistentsurplusthathasprovokedangerinWashington——andMrClinton’sremarkthat“thepossibilityofobtainingreal,evenaccesstotheJapanesemarketissomewhatremote”.Thisyearthesurplushasbeengrowingfast.AJapaneseeconomistestimatesthatJapan’ssurpluscouldreach$200billioniftheyenstaysatcurrentlevel.Withtheeconomystillbarelygrowing,despitetwofiscalpackagesinthepastninemonths,Japan’scriticssaythatthecountryisoncemoreexportingitswayoutofrecession.MITIarguesapersistentsurplusisinevitableaslongasJapanesehouseholdssavemorethanAmericanones,andAmerica’sbudgetdeficitremainsuntamed.Thisisafamiliarpoint:tradebalancesaredeterminedbymacroeconomicfactors,notbytradepolicy.What’sthemeaningof“drawtheline”here?What’sthemeaningof“exportingitswayoutofrecession”?Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentence?Passage2ThesleeperamongtheproductsturnsouttobeCherryCoke,whichcontainsnofruitjuiceatall.CherryCokehascapturedsharesof4%to8%intestmarket.Thedrinkprobablywntdoaswellwhenitisrolledoutnationally,sincepricepromotionshavebeenhelpingitalong.ButbeverageanalystsbelieveCherryCokecouldeventuallydisplaceDrPepperasthenation’sfifth-best-sellingsoftdrink.Evenifconsumersswillthenewsodasbytheliterintestmarket,however,Coca-ColaandPepsiCostillfaceastruggleinpersuadingbottlersacrossthenationtotaketheproducts.Oneofthebiggestbattlesinthesodawars,infact,maynotbefordrinkersbutforbottlers.Bottlershaveasymbioticbutoccasionallyfractiousrelationshipwiththesyrupmakers.AlthoughCoca-ColaandPepsiCoownsomeoftheirownbottlingcompanies,mostbottlersarestillindependent.What’syourunderstandingof“pricepromotions”here?Whatsthe“symbiotic”aspectoftherelationshipbetweentheandthesyrupmakers?What’sthe“occasionallyfractious”aspect?五、Readthefollowingpassagesanddecidewhetherthestatementsareorfalse.（10220）请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。Passage1Culturedifferencesaresometimesignoredinmarketingcampaigns.Cultureawarenessinmarketingisalotmorethancarefultranslationofyourproducts.Therearesubtletiesandnuancestoeveryculture.Almostmostpeoplewouldn’tbeabletolisttherulesoftheirownculture,theycertainlyknowwhenhoserulesareviolated.InJapan,forexample,amajorhouseholdproductscompanyspentmillionsofdollarsonainadvanceofintroducingitslaundrydetergentNevertheless,whenthedetergentwasmadeavailable,saleswereminiscule.Infact,fewshopsstockedthesoap.Non-tarifftradebarriers?No,itwassomethingmuchsimpler.ThetypicallyAmerican“large,economy-sized”boxeswerefartoobigforthetinyJapaneseretailestablishments.AndJapanesehousewivesdontusuallyhavecars——theywalktothestoresandcarrytheirpurchasehome,toverysmalllivingspaces.ItcanbeabigmistaketoassumeaPan-AsiaoraLatinAmericanorEuropeanbuyer.Neighboringcultureselsewheredon’tnecessarilysharebuyingpreferencesthanaUSbuyerdoeswithaMexicoconsumer.Furthermore,nationalbordersdon’talwaysdelineatebuyingbehavior;regionalpatternscanbejustasstrong.Advertisingandcouponsareexamplesofmarketingcampaigns.ThedetergentwaspopularinJapan.Japaneseconsumersusuallylikelargeboxesbecausetheyarelowerinprices.AUSbuyerhasthesamebuyingbehaviorasaMexicoconsumer.Perhapsbuyingpreferencesarequitedifferentamongnationalborders.Passage2Startingfromthemid-1990s,theinternationalfinancialcrisishashitalmostthewholeworld.Theglobalisbreakingapartanditishurtlingevermorenationaleconomiesinthe深渊withit.Inordertoearnforeignexchange,theeconomiesareforcedtodumptherestoftheirproductionontotheshrinkingworldmarketatbargain-basementprices.Thatiswhytheaveragepricesofrawmaterialsarecurrentlyattheirlowestlevelsincethemid-1970s.Butitwasnotonlythepricesforrawmaterialsthatcollapsed;collapsingpricesandreduceddemandhasalsohittradeinautomobiles,ships,chemicalproducts,andcomputerchips.NowitishittingthecoreoftheWesternindustrialcountries,whichareheavilyexport-dependent.LookingatworldeconomicdevelopmentsfromthewestEuropeanpointofview,thegalewarningsareup.EastAsia,whichhadaccountedformorethanhalfoftheadditionalworldwidedemandforindustrialgoodsofallkindssincethebeginningof1990s,haslargelydroppedawayasanimporter.Thesupposedlandofeconomicmiraclesofthepastyear,theStates,whichincreaseditsimportsfromGermanyin1997by30%,isfinallyshowingthetracesoftheglobaleconomiccollapse.OnNov.8，1998,representativesoftheUSgovernmentthreatentheEuropeanUnionwithtradewar.Theywarnedthata“protectionistfire”wouldtakeholdintheUnitedStatesiftheEuropeanwerenotwillingtomassivelyreducetheirtradesurplus.USrepresentativeshadmadesimilarthreatsagainstJapanoneyearbefore.Thebackdropofthesethreatsis,ofcoursetheexplosivegrowthoftheUSbalanceofpaymentsdeficit.“bargain-basementprices”meanshighprices.EconomyoftheWesternindustrialcountrieshighlydependedontheirexport.EastAsiacountrieskeptonimpor